Askari Islamic Bank internship report

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Islamic Banking:Islamic Banking:

Islamic banking has been defined as banking in consonance with the philosophy

and value system of Islam and governed, in addition to the conventional good

governance and risk management rules, by the principles laid down by Islamic

Shariah. Interest free banking is a narrow concept denoting a number of banking

instruments or operations, which avoid interest. Islamic banking, the more

general term is expected not only to avoid interest-based transactions, prohibited

in the Islamic Shariah, but also to avoid unethical practices and participate

actively in achieving the goals and objectives of an Islamic economy.

The Islamic Banking system employs the concept of participation in the

enterprise, utilizing the funds at risk on a profit-and- loss-sharing basis. This by

no means implies that investments with financial institutions are necessarily

speculative. This can be excluded by careful investment policy, diversification of

risk and prudent management by Islamic financial institutions.

Islamic Shariah prohibits ‘interest’ but it does not prohibit all gains on capital. It

is only the increase stipulated or sought over the principal of a loan or debt that is

prohibited. Islamic principles simply require that performance of capital should

also be considered while rewarding the capital. The prohibition of a risk free

return and permission of trading, as enshrined in the Verse 2:275 of the Holy

Quran, makes the financial activities in an Islamic set-up real asset-backed with

ability to cause ‘value addition’.

Islamic banking system is based on risk-sharing, owning and handling of physical

goods, involvement in the process of trading, leasing and construction contracts

using various Islamic modes of business and finance. As such, Islamic banks deal

with asset management for the purpose of income generation. They will have to

prudently handle the unique risks involved in management of assets by adherence

to the best practices of corporate governance. Once the banks have stable stream

of Halal income, depositors will also receive stable and Halal income.

M. Waqas Yousaf 073605092

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The forms of businesses allowed by Islam at the time the Holy Quran was

revealed included joint ventures based on sharing of risks & profits and provision

of services through trading, both cash and credit, and leasing activities. In the

Verse II:275, Allah the Almighty did not deny the apparent similarity between

trade profit in credit sale and Riba in loaning, but resolutely informed that Allah

has permitted trade and prohibited Riba.

Profit has been recognized as ‘reward’ for (use of) capital and Islam permits

gainful deployment of surplus resources for enhancement of their value. However,

along with the entitlement of profit, the liability of risk of loss on capital rests

with the capital itself; no other factor can be made to bear the burden of the risk of

loss. Therefore, financial transactions, in order to be permissible, should be

associated with goods, services or benefits. While at micro level this feature of

Islamic finance leads to generation of real economic activity and stable growth, at

macro level it can be helpful in creating better discipline in conduct of fiscal and

monetary policies.

Besides trading, Islam allows leasing of assets and getting rentals against the

usufruct taken by the lessee. All such things/assets corpuses of which are not

consumed with their use can be leased out against fixed rentals. The ownership in

leased assets remains with the lesser that assumes risks and gets rewards of his

ownership.


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Major Modes of Islamic Banking and Finance:

MURABAHA

Literally it means a sale on mutually agreed profit. Technically, it is a contract of

sale in which the seller declares his cost and profit. The parties negotiate on the

margin or the rate of profit on the cost. Islamic banks have adopted this as a

mode of financing. As a financing technique, it involves a request by the client to

the bank to purchase certain goods for him. The bank does that for a definite

profit over the cost, which is stipulated in advance.

IJARAH

Ijarah is a contract of a known and proposed usufruct against a specified and

lawful return or consideration for the service or return for the benefit proposed to

be taken, or for the effort or work proposed to be expended. In other words,

Ijarah or leasing is the transfer of usufruct for a consideration which is rent in case

of hiring of assets or things and wage in case of hiring of persons.

ISTISNAA

It is a contractual agreement for manufacturing goods and commodities, allowing

cash payment in advance and future delivery or a future payment and future

delivery. Istisna can be used for providing the facility of financing the

manufacture or construction of houses, plants, projects and building of bridges,

roads and highways.

MUSHARKAH

Musharkah means a relationship established under a contract by the mutual

consent of the parties for sharing of profits and losses in the joint business. It is

an agreement under which the Islamic bank provides funds, which are mixed with

the funds of the business enterprise and others. All providers of capital are

entitled to participate in management, but not necessarily required to do so. The

profit is distributed among the partners in pre-agreed ratios, while the loss is

borne by each partner strictly in proportion to respective capital contributions.


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History & Introduction of

Islamic Banking Services

Islamic Banking was launched under the brand 'Askari Islamic Banking', by

opening 6 dedicated Islamic Banking branches in major cities of the country.

Further expansion is planned with improved capabilities for offering products

conforming to the Shariah principles. Now it has fourteen branches in the big

cities of Pakistan .Askari Islamic Banking opens the doors for Halal banking

solutions.

Objective of ABL-IBB

“Is to put in place an efficient banking system supportive to economic justice and

welfare of society in line with Shariah standards”

A comprehensive range of Islamic Banking products and services is being

offered, in order to meet customer's demand of Shariah Compliant Banking, in the

following areas:

Islamic Corporate Banking

Islamic Investment Banking

Islamic Trade Finance

Islamic General Banking

Islamic Consumer Banking

Islamic Banking products have been approved by the Bank's Shariah Advisor. As

per Shariah requirements, funds and products of Islamic Banking are managed

separately from the Conventional Banking side. All funds obtained, invested and

shared in Halal modes & investments, under supervision of the Shariah Advisor.


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Askari Islamic Bank in Gujranwala

Askari Islamic bank was established on December 28, 2007 in Gujranwala. As

Gujranwala is popular because of Agriculture and Domestic Industry. The

purpose of ABL –IBB is to provide more and more facilities of Islamic Banking.

So that people of Gujranwala can perform their business matters according to

Shariah, as trade has got special place in Islam.

The staff in Gujranwala Branch is expert and highly educated. And they have

special skills and awareness about the entire region. So ABL-IBB offer total

security and protection to the people of Gujranwala.

Shariah Advisor

An eminent scholar and recipient of the president’ medal for president of

performance for the year 2004, Professor Dr. Muhammad Tahir Mansoori, has

been appointed as the Shariah advisor of this bank.

He is presently chairman of Islamic law department at the Islamic research

institute of the international university, Islamabad

He has taught and written on Fiqh and usool-e- Fiqh matters for over two decades.

He has also responded to a large number of queries issued religious rulings I-e

Fatwa’s on various matters pertaining to Islamic law, especially in the field of

commercial law.


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Vision

“Establish Islamic banking as banking of first to facilitate implementation of an

equitable economic system, providing a strong foundation for establishing a fair

and just society for mankind”.

Mission

“To be An Islamic banking offering a one-stop for innovative value-added

products and services to our customers within the bounds of Shariah, while

optimizing the stakeholders’ value through an organizational cultural based on

learning, fairness, respect for individual enterprises and performances”.

Goal of my internship:


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Increase knowledge of subject matter.

Develop work skills and improving self confidence.

Increase levels of intercultural proficiency and Personal Development.

Evaluate academic experiences in a professional field setting.

Explore possible career choices and establish relationships that may

result in future employment.

Opportunity to understand the structure and operation of a working

organization.

Causing interaction with a variety of individuals, systems, and

organizations.

Using a variety of learning styles and frequently challenging

participants to use new ways of learning and thinking.


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Branch Network

1. Rawalpindi Branch

2. Peshawar Branch

3. Queeta Branch

4. Multan Branch

5. Faisalabad Branch

6. Gujranwala Branch

7. Sailkot Branch

8. Islamabad Branch

Lahore Branches

9. Cavalry Ground Branch

10. Gulberg Branch

11. DHA Branch

Karachi Branches

12. Jodia Bazar Branch

13. DHA Branch

14. North Nazimabad Branch


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Branch Hierarchy in Gujarnwala:


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Manager Operation Department(Mr. Muhammad Awais)

Incharge Foreign Trade (M. Atif Khokhar)

INCHARGE CAD(Mr. Bilal Humayun Butt)

Incharge General Banking (Salman Nawaz Warriach)

Cash Officer (Zohaib & shaista Begum)

Incharge Remittances (Mr. Shahzad)

Officer Corporate(Muhammad Bilal Mehar)

In charge Car Ijarah(Sheraz)

Officer Car Ijarah(Bilal Maher)

Branch Manager

Zahid Ibrahim

Products and services in ABL-IBB Gujranwala

Askari Halal saving Account:

It is an easy to open checking account having special features of no

restriction of withdrawals or number of transactions.

Current Account:

A complete business account which provides instant access of funds at

all branches without any restriction on withdrawals or number of transaction.

Basic Banking Account:

This account will be open for salaried person .every month client must do the two

transactions .if the transition exceeded then RS 75 charged of this account.

Term certificates:

Askari Islamic Investment Certificates (AIIC)

Askari khas Islamic deposit account (AKIDA)

Askari Islamic term quality deposit (AITQD)

Askari Halal certificate of Aasan monthly Mudarbah (AHCOAMM)

Askari wakalah –tul- istimal

All terms and conditions are same but difference in all terms of time period


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Service Quality:

Askari Islamic bank is committed to delivering its Products and Services within

the highest service quality parameters. The Bank prides itself for the restless

pursuit of excellence in all the spheres of its activities.

The defining value in Islam itself to inculcates, in the essence the source of what

Service Quality itself means. Honesty, Complete transparence, Effective delivery,

Fair pricing, Respects and Recognition for the consumer are all clear aspects of

our faith and belief.

The Service Quality mission of Bank itself clear defines the parameters of this

goal:

“To delivered Service Cultural which ensures the consistent of our Products

and Service, within the highest Service Quality service parameters,

promoting Islamic values and ensuring recognition and quality banking

experience to our customers”.


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Hierarchy of Departments


Operations

Accounts Opening

AccountsCashClearing

Credit Admin

Car Ijarah

Corporate

Trade Finance

Import Export Foreign Exchange

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Operation Department

Remittances Accounting Opening Accounts Cash

SUPERVISING

Customer service

Hierarchy of Operation Department


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Account Opening, Closing and Clearing

This section is also called Front office. It basically divided into four sub-

departments.

1. Remittances & Clearing (Inward & Outward)

2. Account

3. Customer service/Account opening

4. Cash

All these are separate departments but collectively known as

Operation department.


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I worked first week for operation department. And different department in-

charges guided me in the different working fields. The first section I started work

in account opening and clearing section. Sir Safdar helped me and told me how to

account open and also told me what types of documents are require for the

account opening procedure.

During this practice I filled the account opening forms and issuance the cheques

book to the account holders. It is also called the Customer Service Section.

In the Bank the first step is Account Opening. It is contractual agreement between

bank and customer after which both concerned parties indulge in a mutually

beneficial business relationship. And both are interact directly. If the any person

who wants to transaction through the Bank firstly he opens the account than he

can proceed further.

Types of Accounts

1. Askari Halal saving Account

2. Current Account:

3. Basic Banking Account

Documents Requires

I practically saw all the necessary documents which are required for

opening of Account.

Individual Account:

Copy of CNIC/NICOP/POC

Any job /business proof (if applicable)

Students Account

All the documents which are necessary for the Individual Account that are

same for the students Account but a little bit documents are different that are:

Student’s ID card

Copy of the B form

And copy of the Guardian

For Limited Company account


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Copy of Certificate of Incorporation

Memorandum & Articles of Association

Board Resolution

Latest copy of Certified Form-29

List of Directors

Copies of CNICs of all Directors Certificate of Commencement of

Business (for Public Ltd co).

Partnership account

Partnership Deed (certified copy)

Letter of Authority & Mandate

Copies of CNICs of all partners

Account Opening Request.

Proprietorship account

Copy of CNIC.

Copy of NTN Certificate

Account opening Request & Proprietorship Letter

Club / Society / Association and Trust account

Copy of Rules / By-laws

Copy of Registration (if applicable)

List of Executive Members / Management committee/ Management Board

etc.

Certified copy of Resolution CNICs of all members of Management Body

How to Close an Account

The customer can close the account. The customer is required to submit an

application for closing the account. Then the account is closed out and his balance

is paid to him after deducting the Closing charges i.e. Rs.200 and the application

is filed in Account closing file. Cheques book is returned back to bank and the

officer cancel and the remaining cheques in cheques book.


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Procedure of account opening

Remittance and Clearing

After the account opening section I worked in the Remittance and Clearing

section. I saw the representations of Cheques which come for clearing. Sir

Shahzad helped me in this section and told me the basic steps of clearing and

remittance. During the working of this department I filled vouchers of many

account holders in this bank.

There are two types of Clearing.


Account Opening Form

Introduction SSC

Account Number

Cheques Book Application

Bank Register entry

Cash Deposit or cheque

System Input ID card Verification

Completion Account

Issuance of Cheques Book

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Clearing

Intercity

In intercity section the Cheques are drawn to other bank that is out of cities by

ABL-IBB In intercity NIFT directly present Cheques in the concern bank if

clearing then the bank clearance stamp on this Cheques and State Bank transfer

amount to the other bank’s account. NIFT charges on this RS. 150. Bank gets

commission on it RS.250 per Cheques.

Local

Local clearing is free means that bank does not charge by its clients for clearing

and pay for it by self. It can be said that it is free for customers.


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OBC Outward Inward

Inward

Inward Clearing means the Cheques drawn from ABL-IBB another banks. Where

as clearing branch to branch is done through online.

Outward

In outward clearing I saw how the Cheques drawn on other banks with in city

ABL-IBB.

OBC (Outward Bank Collection)

The OBC Cheques drawn by another banks outside city. ABL-IBB does not take

NIFT services but send Cheques to other branch. And that branch does clearing

locally.

IBC (inward Bank Collection)

IBC Cheques drawn on ABL-IBB from other city. Branch of that city confirm

about that Cheques through fax which drawn on ABL-IBB Gujranwala. After

clearing ABL-IBB Gujranwala transfer funds in the Nostro Account.

Services Charges

NIFT perform all clearing services Intercity and local both. It charges for return

report and clearance report RS.150.

Return report means if Cheques is not clear by other bank NIFT returns

this to the particular bank.

Clearance Report means if Cheques clear by other banks NIFT report to

the particular bank to which that Cheques belong.

Stamps

Three types of stamps are pasted on Cheques at the time of clearing. Those two

stamps are:

1. Crossing stamp

2. Clearance stamp

3. Pay account will be credited on realization


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Crossing stamp used for ownership whereas Clearance stamp used for clearing

that indicate that this Cheques complete in all aspects and fulfill all requirements.

Procedure of Inward & Outward Clearing:

Inward clearing:

Receive instrument payable by us in inward clearing

Time is the essence of clearing, if not returned unpaid then it is presumed

to be paid

Check the total number of instrument matches with the clearing

schedule and get signature on it.

Out ward clearing Procedure:

Receive cheques on the counter and examine it on the following lines

Cheques is drawn on a bank that is a member of clearing-house

It is deposited in an account that is being maintained in the branch

It is in order as to the name of payee, date, amount in words and figure

and correctly endorsed where required.

Check the pay-in slip and counter foils are correctly filled in.

Put the banks special crossing stamp & clearing stamp of the next day

Banker discharge

Detach cheques from pay-in slip

Sort out cheques bank wise and branch wise.

Input in system for each bank

Prepare clearing schedule

Attach the cheques with clearing schedule

Handover the instruments to NIFT

Realization entries.

Account Department:


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It deals with transfer entries, Bank statements (customer information about

account), day to day expenses, postage expenses, taxes, Debit, credit, ledger

accounts and received mail from courier and passed the entries in register for

record. This department also performs account verification means that when the

account opening form come from the customer service department this particular

department verify that whether this form is complete or not. If complete then send

letter of thanks to accountholder’ house if not then come back to the customer

service department. It counts the total debit and credit in the whole working report

of the bank. Practically I worked in this department passed the entries in recording

register.

Account department responsible to manage the following

Transfer Entries:

Local transfer:

Local transfer is the transfer of funds from one account to another within branch.

Day to day expenses include:

Office stationary

Repair and maintenance

Office equipment

Advertising expenses

Electricity bills

Gardener salary

Telephone bills

Postage expenses include:

OSC

TCS

DHL

When all these expenses are occurred account department present these through

expense vouchers.


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Supervising

Sir Awais Chisti is responsible of the entire Operation department and supervises

rechecks all the activities of the operation department. If he realizes any mistake

in any activity, then he returned it to the concern section for remove the

deficiency and after supervised this finally.

At the end of the day the related person In-charge checks all the activities to the

Operation Department Head (Sir Salman warrich) but in the day routine if any

discrepancy exist then he solves it at that time.


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Corporate

Corporate:

Corporate deals with funded and non funded facility. In other

words it can be said that it covers with both long-term and short-

term requirements.Murabaha meet working capital needs whereas

Ijarah and Diminishing Musharkah fulfill long-term financing

requirements for plant and machinery. Corporate is divided into the following

Categories:


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FundedNon-Funded

Funded

Murabaha Ijarah Diminishing Musharkah

Sight LC Usance LC LG

Non- Funded

Murabaha:

“The Murabaha transaction was prevalent in the day of

Prophet .”

Islamic banks therefore use a sale-based transaction (Murabaha) instead of

loan-based transactions for financing purchase of assets by their clients.

Over 70% of all advances made by Islamic banks comprises of Murabaha

transactions.

Murabaha is a particular kind of sale

Islam prohibits charging interest on money, but permits charging profit on

sale of goods

Where the transaction is done on a “cost plus profit” basis i.e. the seller

discloses the cost to the buyer and adds a certain profit to it to arrive at the

final selling price

The distinguishing feature of Murabaha from ordinary sale is: the seller

discloses the cost to the buyer and a known profit is added.

Prohibition of: Major Uncertainty (Gharar) and Sale of debt

Subject matter of sales must conform to Shariah rules: Be in existence,

Possession by seller either physically or constructive.

Valid Sale:

A valid sale contract exhibits two features:

Knowledge; i.e. parties’ full knowledge of the object of sale.

Existence; a concrete sale object.

Absence of these features introduces Gharar in the transaction

Murabaha:

The profit may be added: On a lump sum basis & as a percentage of cost

Payment of Murabaha price may be

1) At spot

2) In installments

3) In lump sum after a certain time


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Hence, Murabaha does not necessarily imply the concept of deferred

payment.

Basic rules for Murabaha financing:

1. Asset to be sold must exist.

2. Sale price should be determined.

3. Sale must be unconditional.

4. Assets to be sold: should not be used for un-Islamic purpose, should be in

ownership of the seller at the time of sale, and should be in physical or

constructive possession of the seller.

Quranic view on Gambling & Risk

O

believers! Intoxicants and gambling and Al Ansab (Animals sacrificed for idols)

and Al Azlam (arrows for seeking luck or decision) are an abomination of Satan's

handiwork. So avoid them in order that you may be successful. Satan wants only

to excite enmity and hatred between you with intoxicants and gambling and

hinder you from the remembrance of Allah and from prayer. So, will you not

then abstain? (Al Maidah 90 – 91)

Ahadith on Gambling & Risk

“Whoever buys foodstuff let him not sell it until he has possession of

them”. (Bukhari)

“Do not buy fish in the sea, for it is Gharar”. (Bukhari)

“He who purchases food shall not sell it until he weighs it”. (Muslim)


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Agreement to Murabaha

Bank Client

Agency

Agreement


Bank Client

“The Prophet forbade the sale of grapes until they become black and the

sale of grain until it is strong.” (Bukhari, Muslim, Abu Dawood,

Tirmidhi)

Procedure of Murabaha Financing in Askari Islamic bank:

Step # 1

Client and bank sign an agreement to enter into Murabaha (MMFA).

Step # 2

Client appointed as agent to purchase goods on bank’s behalf.


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Disbursement to the agent or supplier

Agency

Agreement

Supplier


Bank

Client

Transfer of Risk

Delivery of goods Vendor

Bank Agent

Step # 3

Bank gives money to agent/supplier for purchase of goods.

Step # 4

The agent takes possession of goods on bank’s behalf.

Step # 5


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Offer to

Purchase

Bank Client

Murabaha Agreement +

Transfer of Title

Bank Client

Payment of Price

Bank

Client

Client makes an offer to purchase the goods from bank through a declaration.

Step # 6

Bank accepts the offer and sale is concluded.

Step # 7

Client pays agreed price to bank according to an agreed schedule. Usually

on a deferred payment basis (Bai Muajjal)

Documentation:

There are a number of documents involved in a Murabaha financing transaction.

The most essential of these documents are:

Master Murabaha/Istijrar Finance Agreement.


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Agency Agreement.

Draw down notice.

Description of assets.

Summary Payment Schedule.

Declaration.

Master Murabaha:

It’s an agreement between the client and the Bank whereby the client

agrees to purchase goods from the Bank from time to time as per the terms

and conditions of this agreement.

This is an over all facility agreement under which various Sub-Murabaha

may be executed from time to time.

Hence it needs to be signed once at the time the facility is sanctioned.

Agency Agreement:

The client is appointed by the Bank as its agent to purchase goods. This

agreement needs to be signed once between the client and the bank.

The disbursement of funds is done under this agreement.

Declaration:

Declaration is to be signed by the customer immediately after it has

purchased the goods.

This document establishes the actual sale transaction, i.e. transfer of

ownership of goods from the Bank to the customer.

At this stage the specific details of the assets must be known i.e. quantity,

quality etc.

Proper timing of declaration is extremely important.

Import Murabaha:

LCs opened and subsequently financed by ABL-IBB is an ideal example

of a direct payment Murabaha.

The customer opens the LC from ABL-IBB as an agent of the Bank (i.e.

places order with the foreign supplier on behalf of ABL-IBB.


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Upon receipt of documents ABL-IBB makes payment to the foreign

supplier.

ABL-IBB sells the goods to the customer on Murabaha (i.e. cost plus

profit basis)

Credit Administration Department (CAD):

The Credit Administration Department (CAD) is involved in security

documentation monitoring and accounting for all banking products and services.

Furthermore, CAD monitors the documentary compliance of Shariah related

requirements on an ongoing basis. CAD also ensures that SBP regulations and/or

legal requirements of the transaction are adhered to at all times. CAD also handles

a large volume of back end operations for Corporate, Consumer and SME related

businesses.

This department is also responsible for the issuance / cancellation of guarantees

and centralized SBP reporting for various activities. As per our Shariah

requirements, the complete preparation and maintenance of pools for the

liabilities products and the Islamic export refinance are also part of this

department. Particularly I match all the documents of Murabah financing with

check list.

For Corporate, Consumer and SME:


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Corporate Trade Finance

Car Ijarah

What is Credit?

We do not dish out the money to everybody. For bankers it is a matter of

Trust, faith, belief.

Trust that money lent will come back.

That the transaction booked will prove rewarding for the bank.

This trust comes through

Ability & integrity of credit officer.

Good repute of the borrower.

Honesty & intention to repay.

Ability.

Solvency.

Foreign Trade Department:

The Trade finance department is: divided into three parts:


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Credit Administration Department

Foreign Trade

Export Remittances Import

Export:

There are following three basic modes of export:

Export on Collection Basis

Export on Advance Payment

Export by Negotiation

Collection:

Exporter comes to the bank to issue E-FORM for shipment. Shipment goes first

then foreign bank sends money to the exporter’s bank. All the risk bear by

exporter in collection base export.

Two terms used in Collection base export

C A D (cash against documents)

D A (Documents against Acceptance

Procedure of Collection Base Export:

Exporter comes to the Bank to issue E-FORM for shipment.

Exporter fills E-FORM and returns it to the Bank for certification.

Bank certifies E-FORM and gives it to the exporter for shipment.

Exporter goes to the custom for shipment with shipping documents.

Custom stamp on the E-FORM of shipping bill number. Custom keep

original E-FORM copy.


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After that he goes to shipping company and after verification of the

documents, shipping company issues Bill Of Lading. He keeps duplicate.

E-FORM copy.

Shipment goes

After shipment, Exporter comes to the bank and returns the Bill Of Lading

and copy of all other documents. Bank keep triplicate E-FORM copy and

give the Quard –duplicate to the exporter.

Advance Payment:

Foreign bank sends money to the exporter on the account of export advance

payment. Exporters bank receives the payment and asks the exporter to give

the purpose of this payment. Get the “Advance Payment Voucher” signed by

the exporter and finally realize the payment

Procedure of Advance Payment in Export:

When advance payment comes.

Advance payment voucher sign by the exporter.

Voucher report to the SBP.

Exporter prepares shipment.

When shipment ready.

Exporter comes to the Bank to issue E-FORM for shipment.

Exporter fills E-FORM and returns it to the Bank with other shipping

documents.

Bank certified E-FORM and gives it to the exporter for shipment.

Exporter goes to the custom for shipment with shipping documents.

Custom stamp on the E-FORM of shipping bill number. Custom keep

original E-FORM copy.

After that he goes to shipping company and after verification of the

documents, shipping company issues Bill Of Lading. He keeps duplicate

E-FORM copy.

Shipment goes.


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Exporter comes to the bank and returns the Bill Of Lading and copy of all

other documents. Bank keep triplicate E-FORM copy and give the Quard

–duplicate.

Bank report to the SBP with triplicate E-FORM.

Negotiation:

Exporter comes to the bank and submits the shipping documents along with

LC (letter Of Credit) exporter bank received the documents with LC. Checks

the documents with LC, take indemnity or guarantee from the exporter and

after approving from the branch manager and head office, gives value of the

documents to the exporter. In other words negotiation means payment of

documents in export by the bank to the beneficiary (exporter). When the

exporter submits the shipping documents along with the export.

Difference between Collections, Advance Payment,

And Negotiation

Collection Advance Payment Negotiation

Without LC.

Foreign bank

sends money.

Without LC.

Foreign bank

With LC.

Exporter’s bank


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Payment comes

after shipment.

Shipment goes

first.

sends money.

Payment comes

first.

Shipment goes

after.

gives money.

Payment comes

first.

Shipment goes

after.

:

Shipping Documents

Shipping documents are the documents that must required for export/import.

1) Commercial invoice

2) Packing list

3) Shipping certificate

4) Certificate of origin

5) Bill of lading

These are the documents that are required for all types of export.

I.C.C Rules for Foreign Trade :( International Chamber of

Commerce)

URC 522 (uniform rules for collection). Foreign Trade done all over the

world according to the rules and regulations of URC 522.

UCP500 (uniform custom practices) whereas all the parties follow

UCP500 rules and regulations in foreign trade.

Terms of contract/sale:

In negotiating a contract, an exporter must determine who is to meet the various

charges as they are incurred. The more common terms of contract are:

1. CIF

2. C & F

3. FOB

CIF (cost, insurance, freight)


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It means that the price will include all the cost of goods, insurance and freight

incurred until the goods are delivered at the port or airport of destination named in

the contract. Essential documents are:

Commercial invoice.

Insurance policy or certificate.

A full set of bills of lading marked “Freight Paid” evidencing that the

goods have been shipped on board the carrying vessel, or alternative

documents of title to the goods.

C & F (cost and freight):

It means that the price will include the cost of goods and freight paid in

connection with the delivery of goods on board the carrying vessel for unloading

at the port or airport of destination named in the contract. Documents needed are:

Commercial invoice.

A full set of bills of lading evidencing that the goods have been shipped on

board the carrying vessel and stating that freight has been paid by the

exporter.

FOB (free on board):

It means that the exporter has only arranged the space and shipped the goods

without payment of freight. Thus the freight charges are to be paid by the

consignee at the port or airport of destination.

Import:

There are three types of import:

1. Letter of credit

2. Firm’s contract

3. Advance payment

LC:


37

Letter of credit means guarantee to pay by the issuing Bank if either of the parties

(importer or exporter) defaults/unable to pay at sight (immediately /arrival of

documents) or at payment in due date in acceptance.

Types of LC:

1. Sight LC

2. Usance LC (day acceptance)

Differences between the Sight and day acceptance LCs:

In Sight LC payment within 7 days whereas in Usance LC payment at maturity

date.

LC Process:

Related field In-charge told me about the process of LCs and what

types of steps are involve in it. Those steps are:

1. LC issuance

2. LC lodgment

3. Retirement

LC Issuance:

Issuance of LC the following steps are necessary:

1. The importer submits Performa invoice and signs LC application form on

the basis of Performa invoice to the LC issuing bank.

Issues the LC, one copy is send to the SWIFT department for advising Bank. One

copy is given to the applicant (importer).

Recover LC opening charges as follows.

Customer AC DR

(As per Bank schedule of charges)

LC commission C R

SWIFT charges C


38

2. The issuing Bank books liability in his own favor on account of the

applicant. The process of booking liability is as under:

I. Convert the foreign currency amount mentioned in Performa invoice by

applying TT Selling Rate.

LCs Lodgment:

LCs lodgment means the arrival of shipping documents against the LC in our

Bank. If the documents are clean and have no any type of discrepancy. Then LC

issuing Bank has 7 days to pay against the documents according to UCP 500.

LC Retirement:

The customer arranges the funds required by the bank to retire the documents

along with retirement charges. The Bank after receiving the import documents

have 7-working days

Either to pay if the documents comply with LC. Otherwise send SWIFT to the

negotiating bank that the documents are discrepant. If the Importer pays to the

bank within these days then the bank charge no Profit otherwise the Profit will be

charged and then return the documents to the Importer.

Revalidation of LC (letter of credit):

In case of you LC date is expired and till there is no shipment of the commodity,

in this condition customers revalidate the LC or renew his “LC”. In revalidation

of LC following expense incurred:

1. Change for LC.

2. SWIFT messages.

3. Liability Booking.

Amendments (Before expiry of LC):

There are four types of amendments that we can do in our LC.

1. Validity Period: extend expiry and shipment date before the shipment

date is expired.


39

2. Enhancement of Amount: you can increase the amount of money of

the commodity but in this case book new liability

3. Change quality: quantity and price but not to change the commodity.

4. Beneficiary may change but on the acceptance of the applicant (Importer).

Export Import goods


40

Export Import Procedure


41

Remittances:

Remittances are of two types

1. Inward Remittance.


42

2. Outward Remittance.

Inward Remittance:

The Bank receive inward message through SWIFT for credit to the beneficiary

account being maintained either in Pak rupees or FC account. In case of Pak

rupees account mentioned in the SWIFT Message. The receiving bank converts

the FC account into Pak rupees by applying TT Buying Rate of the value date of

that day.

In case of FC received in FC account, we credit the same FC amount in the

FC account. Conversion rate will not be applied.

Foreign Bank sends FC in Pakistan through SWIFT


43

Inward Outward

Remittance

ABL-IBB

Applying TT

buying rate

Outward Remittance:

Until or unless special approval an Remittances

Remittances are of two types

3. Inward Remittance.

4. Outward Remittance.

Inward Remittance:


44

Converted in Pak Rupees

Inward Outward

Remittance

The Bank receive inward message through SWIFT for credit to the beneficiary

account being maintained either in Pak rupees or FC account. In case of Pak

rupees account mentioned in the SWIFT Message. The receiving bank converts

the FC account into Pak rupees by applying TT Buying Rate of the value date of

that day.

In case of FC received in FC account, we credit the same FC amount in the

FC account. Conversion rate will not be applied.

Foreign Bank sends FC in Pakistan through SWIFT

ABL-IBB

Applying TT

buying rate

Outward Remittance:

Until or unless special approval and permission have been granted by SBP.

The FC amount can be duly remitted through FC account only by depositing

FC cash.

NOTE:


45

Converted in Pak Rupees

FC FC

NO conversion rate will be applied

FC Pak

Rupees

Conversion rate will be applied

Foreign exchange means must be converted into Pak rupees.

Reporting to SBP:

1. Import

2. Export

3. Remittance

Import:

I-Form will be prepared at the time of payment to foreign bank against the

documents of Import. In the month of which we transferred the foreign currency

to the foreign bank, at the end of the month, we will send I-Form, copies of bill

of lading and commercial invoice.

Export:

When we receive the foreign currency from foreign bank, after getting this

amount, we will send E-Form along with copies of bill of lading and commercial

invoice to SBP.

Remittance:

All the inward remittance will be reported to SBP on IRV-Form (inward

remittance voucher).

Profit on FC account:

Monthly profit paid to foreign currency accountholders will be reported to SBP

on M-Form.

Forms:


46

E-Form Export Inward

I-Form Import Outward

IRV (inward remittance voucher) Inward Remittance

Permission has been granted by SBP. The FC amount can be duly remitted

through FC account only by depositing FC cash.

NOTE:

FC FC

NO conversion rate will be applied

FC Pak

Rupees

Conversion rate will be applied

Foreign exchange means must be converted into Pak rupees.

Reporting to SBP

4. Import

5. Export

6. Remittance

Import:

I-Form will be prepared at the time of payment to foreign bank against the

documents of Import. In the month of which we transferred the foreign currency

to the foreign bank, at the end of the month, we will send I-Form, copies of bill

of lading and commercial invoice.

Export:


47

When we receive the foreign currency from foreign bank, after getting this

amount, we will send E-Form along with copies of bill of lading and commercial

invoice to SBP.

Remittance:

All the inward remittance will be reported to SBP on IRV-Form (inward

remittance voucher).

Profit on FC account:

Monthly profit paid to foreign currency accountholders will be reported to SBP

on M-Form.

Forms:

E-Form Export Inward

I-Form Import Outward

IRV (inward remittance voucher) Inward Remittance


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Car Ijarah:

Ijarah means “to give something on rent.”

Mode of Financing:

The chosen mode of financing would be the Ijarah agreement, where the Bank

acquires an asset (vehicle) and the rents it to the client for an agreed period.

Car Ijarah in ABL-IBB

A rent arrangement is executed between the Askari Islamic Bank and

applicant (customer), where the Bank will provide an asset (vehicle) after

the mutual agreement to the term laid down the Ijarah contract.

The customer agrees to a monthly payment (rent) to the Bank for use of

the vehicle.

At the completion of the agreed period, the Bank gives the customer an option to

purchase the asset (vehicle).

The following table details some of the macro-features of the applicable mode

of financing:


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Parameters Detail

Role of ABL-IBB To purchase a vehicle and rent it to a customer

under an Ijarah agreement.

Ownership (Title) Ownership lays with ABL-IBB

Periodicity Pre-determined monthly rentals.

Period of facility 3 years to 5 years.

Mode of payment Through post dated cheques or direct debit

instructions.

Purchase option to the

customer

At the end of the Ijarah agreement period, ABL-

IBB will make an offer to the customer to purchase

the asset at a pre-determined value.

Basic documents which are require:

1. New I.D. card copy of the applicant.

2. One photograph of the applicant.

3. Latest Paid utility bills of residence.

4. Latest 6 months Bank Statement from any Bank (signed & stamped).

5. Specimen Signature form.

6. 2 References new I.D. cards copies

7. Driving license (optional).

8. Business Proof.

After Approval:

9. Cheques.

10. Security Deposit.

Security:


50

The vehicle will be registered and insured in favor of ABL-IBB before its

physical possession is given to customer. In cases where the Approving authority

feels the need, they may direct that additional security be taken from the applicant

before execution of the transaction.

Deposit Margin:

For New Vehicles:

Minimum 15% of cost of the vehicle.

Maximum 50% of the cost of the vehicle.

For New Vehicles:

Under the ABL-IBB’s Car Ijarah scheme the vehicle should not be more than 8

years old at the time of maturity of lease. This means that if a car id 5 years old, it

should not be leased more than 3 years and its 4 years old, it can be leased fir a 3

or 4 year term. This scheme is valid for both vehicles manufactured in and outside

the country.

Insurance:

Insurance premium will be paid by the bank and will be recovered through lease

rentals charged from the customer.

Repayment of Lease Rentals:

Monthly rentals to be paid through post-dated cheques in favor of ABL-IBB or

through Standing Instructions to debit account on due date if ABL-IBB account

holder.

Processing Charges:

Non-refundable processing charges to be collected at the time of collection of

legal documents. These include the cost of legal documents, address verification

and CIB report & vehicle appraisal (in case of second hand vehicles

In case, where applicant wants to change his/her vehicle after approval has been

given by credit approving authority, a non-refundable Rs. 1,000/- will be charged

for the change/replacement of approved asset.

Documentation Charges:


51

To be charged at actual and will be recovered in rental. This amount includes

registration charges, number plate related expenses, taxes and other government

levies and cost of legal documents.

Pre-mature Termination:

In Case of pre-mature termination of the Ijarah contract, the client will pay the

purchase price as mentioned in the Terminal-value schedule forming part of the

lease documents. The purchase price takes into consideration the following

amounts:

Normal Vehicle:

The principal outstanding as determined by the amortization schedule of

the lease.

For the first 6 months, a sum calculated at 10% of the cost of the vehicle

(net of customer’s Security Deposit). For the rest of the Ijarah period, a

sum is calculated at 5% of the principal outstanding (net of customer’s

Security Deposit).

The un-recovered portion of the insurance premium paid by ABL-IBB

Process of car Ijarah:

Step#1

The customer approaches the Bank with the request for financing and

enters into a promise to lease agreement.


52

CUSTOMERVENDOR

ISLAMIC BANK. .

Agreement-1

The Bank purchases the item required for leasing and receives title of

ownership from the vendor.

The Bank makes payment to the vendor.

Step#2

The Bank leases the asset to the customer after execution of lease

agreement.

The customer makes periodic payments as per the contract.

Title transfers to the customer.

Plus points of ABL-IBB Car Ijarah as compared to other Non-Islamic Banks

No Advance Rental.


CUSTOMERVENDOR

53

ISLAMIC BANK

. .Agreement-2

No Advance Insurance.

We get the vehicle registered before delivery and bear those expenses.

We stop Rentals in case of vehicle gets stolen/snatched.

No late Payment charges if the applicant has some genuine problem (he

has proves that).

We stop Rentals in case vehicle declared total loss.

In case of booking the applicant do not have to pay Rentals until the

vehicle appears from booking.

Fix amount of Rentals throughout the period of Ijarah.

In case if the applicant can not afford to pay Rentals he can return vehicle

and get his security deposit back

Most of all 100% Islamic Mode of facility.


54

Operation Department:


55

Ist Week:

Account opening:

Fill Account opening form & Account closing form.

Issuance of check book.

Fill deposit slip.

Remittances (Clearing)

Check practically all the procedure of:

Inward Clearing.

Outward Clearing.

Role of NIFT in Clearing.

Check process of Inward Bill of Collection & Outward Bill of Collection.

Pay order procedure.

Stamp of Signature verified.

Stamp of cash paid.

Two signatures must be mention cashier.

Paid cash to the customer

2nd week & 3rd week:

Account:

Procedure of Voucher stitching and checking.

Procedure of branch expenses voucher.

Deduction of all types of taxes and then credit to Government account.

salaries procedure of all employees

Car Ijarah:

Security/ Property Documents.

Ijarah Repayment & Schedule.

Fill post dated checks.


56

Calculate the average Balance of Claims in Bank Statements.

Monthly accruals of Car Ijarah.

4th, 5th & 6th week:

Foreign trade:

Practically check Shipping Documents.

Check practically LC Process: LC Opening to LC Retirement.

Check practically all the modes of Export except Negotiating.

SBP Returns & Reporting.

Corporate:

Check practically of the process of Murabaha & its documentation

e.g.

Financials of the firm.

Security Documents.

Legal Opinion.

Valuation.

Approval/Sanction advice.

Offer Letter.

BBFS (Borrower Basic Fax Sheet)


57

Internal Analysis:


58

Strength:

Highly qualified and financial sector experienced members of the Shariah

Board; they have their own Shariah Board.

Skilled & professional employees committed to Islamic Banking.

Excellent relationship with the regulators.

Strong balance sheet and reserve base.

Low processing charges of Car Ijarah as compare to other banks.

All products are Riba-Free products.

Trained staff

Weaknesses:

Limited scope of Islamic Banking products.

Uncertainty about the Shariah compatible banking products.

Small branch network and the high cost of building a network.

Inability to fixed rates of return on deposits, due to Shariah constraint.

Small capital base limits ability to deal with multi-nationals/large

corporate.

Limited marketing /Lack of advertisement.

No facility traveler’s cheques.

No facility of ATM

No credit card facility.

Unable to capture market even after launching the highest number of

products.

Congested place of branch

External Factors:

Opportunities:


59

Still a largely un-tapped market for Shariah compatible products.

High demand of consumer financing and SME business.

Create awareness about market for Shariah compatible products.

Training and development of business.

Government of Pakistan’s focus to promote Islamic banking.

To capture the new market of interest conscious people.

Extension of network and also branch place.

Potential of investment in the Shariah compatible asset management

business.

Threats:

Potential competition from the new entrants in the Islamic Banking

Employees turn over in the face of new competition.

Uncertainty about implementation of Islamic banking.

Lack of awareness among people about Islamic Banking.

Small Network.


60

Askari Islamic bank is new in Islamic banking systems. So it needs a lot of

improvement in its sectors. Some of the recommendations & suggestion to the

bank would be as follows:


61

There is immediate need, to reconstruct the personnel policies. Selection

should be through newspaper advertisements. In this way more

intelligent, efficient and qualified staff can be formulated.

It is strongly recommended that ABL-IBB should go for computerization

rather than manual work, which is very slow and time, consuming process.

In this age ABL-IBB even does not have a partially computerized system

where as other new competitor banks are now going towards on-line

banking services.

Govt. should take keen interest to promote Islamic Banking.

Along with the officers, the training must also be given to the clerical

staff.

Present training program for its officers is need to be improved, as this

program instead of improving the efficiency of officers is merely a burden

for the bank in the form of heavy T.A. , D.A. and cost.

Working conditions must be improved for the employees. Bank will

definitely get more benefits after some expenditure on the working

conditions as it improves efficiency and productivity of the employees.

ABL-IBB should flourish certain marketing plans to attract the customers

by giving them certain incentives and beneficial schemes to the customers

as other competitor banks are doing so.

There is also a need of proper recruitment and selection program. New

young talent should be introduced to inject the new ideas.

Deterioration in efficiency is mostly due to promotion without merit. So

promotions must be awarded on merit and also when due.


62

Special attention should be given to the behavior of the employees

towards the customers, as customer is the most important person for any

bank.

To motivate the employees of the bank, regular bonuses and incentives should

be given to them.

There must be a friendly environment among all the employees as it

enhances the trust and sincerity.

At the moment the bank is not providing ATM facility to its customers.

Bank should start giving this facility in order to highlight the value added

features offered along with the basic product. As the bank has the good

image, they can use that image as a benefit in this regard. To stay in the

competition the bank should introduce its ATM cards soon.

The number of Fax machines and photocopying machine in the bank are

also less than they are needed. For photocopying one has to go downstairs.

So there should be more machines and also their placement should be at

the right place.


63

During my internship in Askari Islamic Bank G.T. Road Gujarnwala,

for one and half month I have worked as a member of the organization

in different departments i.e. account , foreign trade , account opening

department, CAD department etc . The behavior of the staff with

clients and me was perfect. They want to capture the market by

providing good services. They also try to provide more and more

facilities like Business Loan, Car Ijarah facility to their valued clients.

I have viewed the last six month performance of the bank. The bank’s

profit ratio is going higher day by day. It is all due to better

management policies and good implementation and co-operation of

the staff members. This branch is not only maximizing its profit every

month but also controlling its expense ratio and it is a good sign for a

branch’s good reputation. . After drawing my conclusion I am feeling

pleasure to announce that:-


64

Banks Ability as Going Concern

There is no doubt about the bank’s ability to continue as a going

concern. This branch is not only competing with other banks but also

making its reputation in the market as early up going concern. This is

all due to ability and handwork of staff and branch manager.

Employees Behavior:

The employees are hard worker and keen to capture the clients on the

basis of their fair dealing. The do not waste any single opportunity to

get a good deposit from their valued clients. The staff also tries to

provide full respect to every kind of customer, whether he is a young

person or he is an elder person. This helps them to create not only

good relations but also increase the overall deposits of the branch.

Management towards the innovation:

The bank’s management is fully aware of the today’s innovation in the

banking industry and taking necessary measures to keep pace with the

competitors in the market. The management always tries to offer new

schemes for their valued clients.


65


66


67

Glossary

[A]

Accounts: A record of financial transactions for an asset or individual, such as

at a bank, brokerage, credit card company or retail store.

AOF: Account opening form (AOF) is used by the customers to complete the

written requirements for the records to open an account in a bank.

Automated teller machines – ATM: Short form for automated teller

machine, a machine at a bank branch or other location which enables a customer

to perform basic banking activities (checking one's balance, withdrawing or

transferring funds) even when the bank is closed.

[B]

Balance: The amount of money in an account equal to the net of credits and

debits at that point in time for that account. Also called account balance.

Bank Rate: The discount rate set by a central bank.

[C]

CAD: (Cash against Documents).A transaction in which the buyer assumes

the title for the goods being purchased upon paying the sale price in cash.

CAD: Credit Administration Department

CNIC: Computerized National Identity Card.

Current account: The net flow of current transactions, including goods,

services, and interest payments, between countries.

[D]

DD: Demand Drafts are the most economical way to make payments or transfer

funds overseas. Customer can purchase demand drafts in just about any currency

and they can be cashed worldwide.

[E]


68

http://www.investorwords.com/42/account.html

http://www.investorwords.com/2531/interest.html

http://www.investorwords.com/747/cash.html

http://www.investorwords.com/2209/goods.html

http://www.investorwords.com/4992/title.html

http://www.investorwords.com/801/central_bank.html

http://www.investorwords.com/1478/discount_rate.html

http://www.investorwords.com/1308/debits.html

http://www.investorwords.com/1193/credits.html

Exchange Rate: Rate at which one currency may be converted into another

also called rate of exchange or foreign exchange rate or currency exchange rate.

FC: Foreign Currency.

[G]

Growth Rate: Year-over-year change, expressed as a percentage.

[I]

Interest Rate: A rate which is charged or paid for the use of money.

[J]

Joint Account: Any account owned by two or more people.

[L]

Letter of Credit: (L C) a binding document that a buyer can request from his

bank in order to guarantee that the payment for goods will be transferred to the

seller.

[M]

Maturity: The date on which a debt becomes due for payment also called

maturity date.

Mortgage: A loan to finance the purchase of real estate, usually with specified

payment periods and interest rates.

[N]

Nominal Interest Rate: Currant stated rates of interest paid or earned.

[P]

PLS: Profit and loss sharing

[R]

Remittances: Transfer of money is known as remittances.

[S]


69

http://www.investorwords.com/1313/debt.html

Savings Account: A deposit account at a bank or savings and loan which pays

interest, but cannot be withdrawn by check writing.

Trade Finance: This program improves market-based access to, and delivery

of, SME finance, including the regulatory and credit information infrastructure.

Term Finance Certificates: A certificate of deposit with a longer time to

maturity is TFC.

[V]

Voucher: A document which acknowledges a liability or provides authorization

to pay a debt.

[W]

Working Capital Loan: A short-term loan which provides money to buy

earning assets.


70

Bibliography:

All the information provided by making this Internship Report has been

gathered during doing Internship in Askari Islamic Bank and from the

following sources:

Website of Askari Bank www.askaribank.com.pk

Meezan bank

From the Branch Manager Mr. Zahid Ibrahim

Operation Manager Mr. Muhammad Ramzan

Trade Finance Manager Mr. Atif Khokhar

Incharge Car Ijarah Mr. sheraz

Clearing Officer Mr. shahzad

Accounting Opening Officer Mr. Safdar Chughtai

CAD department officer Mr.Bilal Butt

Account Officer Mr.Ijaz


71

http://www.askaribank.com.pk/


72

Askari Islamic Bank internship report

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Askari bank internship report.docx

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