ARTICLE 4

CITIZENSHIP

• Citizen is a person with full membership in the body politic upon which rests the primary responsibility of organizing and controlling the nation. As such, a citizen enjoys full civil and political rights and is accorded protection inside and outside the territory of the state.

• Citizenship is the status of being a member of a body politic, owing allegiance to and entitled to reciprocal protection from its government.

• Nationality is a membership in any class or form of political community.

CITIZENSHIP

It is a membership in

a political community with all its

concomitant rights and

responsibilities.

TWO METHODS OF ACQUIRING CITIZENSHIP

1.JUS SANGUINIS

2.JUS SOLI

Those Citizens of the

Philippines at the time of

adoption of this

Constitution

Those whose

Fathers OR

Mothers are

citizens of the

Philippines

Those born before January 17, 1973 of FILIPINO Mothers, who elect Philippine citizenship upon attaining the age of majority.

Those who are

naturalized in

accordance with law.

• SUFFRAGE – is not a natural right of the citizens but merely a privilege to be given or withheld by the lawmaking power subject to constitutional limitations.

• SCOPE OF SUFFRAGE– ELECTION – it is the expression of the sovereign power

of the people– PLEBISCITE a vote of the people expressing their choice

for or against a proposed law or enactment submitted to them

– REFERENDUM – the power of the electorate to approve or reject a legislation through an election called for that purpose• REFERENDUM ON STATUTE• REFERENDUM ON LOCAL LAW

• INITIATIVE – the power of the people to propose amendment to the constitution or to propose and enact legislations through an election called for that purpose. TYPES OF INITIATIVEA) INITIATIVE FOR THE CONSTITUTIONB) INITIATION ON STATUTEC) INITIATIVE ON LOCAL LEGISLATION

RECALL – the method by which a public officer may be removed from office during his tenure or before the expiration of his term by a vote of the people after registration of a petition signed by a required percentage of the qualified voters.