Arsenic as a Global Pollutant Arsenic in Water Presented by Tiffany Berg June, 20111 1.
-
Upload
allison-marshall -
Category
Documents
-
view
222 -
download
0
Transcript of Arsenic as a Global Pollutant Arsenic in Water Presented by Tiffany Berg June, 20111 1.
Arsenic as a Global Pollutant
Arsenic in WaterPresented by Presented by
Tiffany BergJune, 20111
1
What is arsenic?
2
http://www.knowledgedoor.com/2/elements_handbook/arsenic.html
http://rentalibre.com/arsenic-element-periodic-table&page=6
Figure 1. Periodic table of elements.
Figure 2. Chemical Symbol for arsenic.
Why do we care? Health effects of arsenic poisoning
Keratosis
Internal tumors
Cancers of the skin, liver, bladder, and lungs
P. Vineis and W. Xun; Ann. Oncol.; 2008, 20, 205-212.
“Special Report: Policy. A review of human carcinogens – Part C: metals, arsenic, dust and fibres.” 2009, 10., 453-454. Acessed 22March2011: http://www.thelancet.com/oncology
3
Figure 3. Symptoms of Blackfoot’s disease.
Arsenic as a Global Pollutant
Very LowLow
ModerateHigh
Risk
Figure 4. Estimated risks for arsenic contamination in drinking water.
R. P. Schwarzenbach, T. Elgi, T. B. Hofstetter, U. von Gunten, and B. Wehrli; Annu. Rev. Environ. Resour. 2010, 35, 109-136.4
Where does arsenic come from?World Health Organization
(WHO)
“The main source of arsenic in drinking-water is arsenic-rich rocks through which
the water has filtered. It may also occur
because of mining or industrial activity in
some areas.”
5“Arsenic in Drinking Water.” June 2011. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs210/en/
http://www.idwr.idaho.gov/hydrologic/info/statewide/images/ArsenicSources.gif
Figure 5. Explanation of how arsenic get into drinking water.
6
Regulations for arsenic in drinking water
7
Table 1. Regulations for arsenic concentration in drinking water.
Bangladesh
Figure 6. Probability map of arsenic concentration in Bangladesh. Black dots represent measured As concentrations above 10 µg L-1.
M. Amini, K.. C Abbaspour, M. Berg, L. Winkel, S. J. Hug, E. Hoehn, H. Yang and A. Johnson; Environ. Sci. Technol. 2008, 42, 3669-3675.8
Bangladesh: Tubewells
Good intentions gone awry. Bangladesh villagers dig a tubewell. Encouraged as a solution to pathogenic
contamination of surface waters, such wells have resulted in exposures of millions to arsenic, leading to
the need for alternative water sources.
9
United States
Figure 7. Probability map of arsenic concentration in the United States. Black dots represent measured As concentrations above 10 µg L-1.
M. Amini, K.. C Abbaspour, M. Berg, L. Winkel, S. J. Hug, E. Hoehn, H. Yang and A. Johnson; Environ. Sci. Technol. 2008, 42, 3669-3675.10
Arsenic in New EnglandAccording to mass.gov:
Occurs naturally in soil and bedrock in many parts of the United States, including parts of Massachusetts.
During the 1800s it was mined commercially in New Hampshire, but since 1985 arsenic used in the U.S. has been imported.
Arsenic residuals left by apple orchard spraying, coal ash disposal, and use of pressure treated wood.
11