Archival Issues - Midwest Archives Conference · cent literature has focused on macro-level...

Compiled by

Monica Manny Ralston

An Index To Volumes 9-211984 – 1996

ArchivalIssues

ISSN 10674993

© Midwest Archives Conference, 1997All Rights Reserved

INDEX 3

PREFACE

This index begins where the previous index to volumes 1-8 of The MidwesternArchivist, compiled by Suzanna Moody and Susan Steinwell, ended. Coverage includesvolumes 9-21 (1984-1996) of the journal, which changed its title to Archival Issueswith volume 17, published in 1992. The index provides title, author, and subject accessto each of the article abstracts and book reviews appearing within the journal. Editorialcommentaries and issue prefaces were not indexed. The index is arranged in four parts:Abstracts, Reviews, Author Index, and Subject Index. Each part is described below infuller detail.

ABSTRACTS

The index lists all 124 articles published between 1984 and 1996 in alphabeticalorder by their title. Each entry is numbered in sequential order and includes the fulltitle of each article, its authors, a volume and page citation, and a reprint of the pub-lished abstract. Abstracts did not appear until the second issue of volume 10 in 1985.For articles published before that time, brief excerpts from the articles are presented.

Each abstract is preceded by an abstract number. This number corresponds to loca-tors given in the author and subject indexes. Because the pages within each volume aresequentially numbered, citations are simply given as volume and page number with noidentification of issue, e.g. 9:5. A sample abstract format and index entry are shownbelow.

ABSTRACT LOCATORARTICLE TITLE, Author, volume:page.

Abstract.

81NATIONAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS ANDSTRATEGIES FOR RESEARCH USE, Nancy Sahli, 9:5.

These article headlines and advertising slogans from a re-cent issue of the Chronicle of Higher Education are clearevidence of the climate in which all discussions of nationalinformation systems for archives and manuscripts must beplaced, a climate in which the educated use population willbe increasingly familiar with and, consequently, dependentupon, computer applications as a fact of daily life. (Article

excerpt.)

4 ARCHIVAL ISSUES INDEX

REVIEW INDEX

The second section of the index lists each of the 202 articles, books, collectionguides, software packages, videorecordings, and other works reviewed by volumes 9-21 in alphabetical order by their title. The reviews are numbered in sequential order bya locator which corresponds to locators which appear in italics in the author and sub-ject indexes. Each entry consists of the title of the reviewed work, the authors, thepublication imprint, and date followed by the name of the review author and the jour-nal citation. A sample review format and index entry are illustrated below.

REVIEW LOCATORTitle of Reviewed Work. Author. Series title. Place of

publication: publisher, date. Reviewing author,volume:page.

1An Action Agenda for the Archival Profession:

Institutionalizing the Planning Process. A Report toSAA Council by the Committee on Goals and Priorities.Chicago: Society of American Archivists, 1988.Reviewed by Eric Pumroy, 14:53.

AUTHOR INDEX

The third section provides an alphabetical listing of the authors of journal articles,works reviewed by the journal, and reviews. One entry is given for each author or co-author’s name, followed by locators corresponding to the abstract and review sectionsof the index. Locators referring to reviews are printed in italics. Entries for some au-thors may include references to journal articles, to published works which were re-viewed in the journal, and to journal reviews of another author’s work. For authorswhose listings include references to both sections, abstract locators are given first,followed by locators referring to reviewed works, followed by locators referring toreviews. Locators corresponding to reviews are preceded by the cue word review(s). Asample author format and index entry are given below.

Last name, First name, Middle, [Abstract locators] 1, 2, 3,[Reviewed work locators] 1, 2, 3, [Review locators]reviews 1, 2, 3

Baumann, Roland M., 84, 77, 97, reviews 6, 108, 163

INDEX 5

SUBJECT INDEX

The last portion of the index provides access to the subjects covered by the articlesand reviewed works. Subject terms used within the index include topics, geographicplaces, personal names, legislative works, institutional programs and projects, researchmethodologies; and specific genres, such as bibliographies, collection guides, directo-ries, manuals, and research guides.

Wherever possible, subject terminology employed in the previous index to The Mid-western Archivist was used in this index. Additional terminology was drawn from the1992 SAA Archival Fundamental Series publication of A Glossary for Archivists,Manuscript Curators, and Records Managers. Subheadings for geographic places, re-search methodologies, and genres were rotated so that entries may be found undertopical headings as well as under place names, methodologies, and genres. See refer-ences are included to direct users from terms which are not used in the index to pre-ferred headings under which entries may be found.

Entries and related subheadings are listed in alphabetical order followed by locatorslisted in sequential order corresponding to the abstract and review sections. Reviewlocators are printed in italics following the abstract locators. A sample subject formatand index entry are shown below.

Subject headings, [abstract locators] 1, 2, 3, [review loca-tors] 1, 2, 3Sub-heading, [abstract locators] 1, 2, 3, [review locators]

1, 2, 3

Arrangement and description, 66, 93, 28, 50Case studies, 108, 113Manuals, 32, 116, 123, 181

ABSTRACTS 7

1ACHIEVING BALANCEDDOCUMENTATION: SOCIALSERVICES FROM A CONSUMERPERSPECTIVE, David J. Klaassen,11:111.

The concept of documentation, with itsemphasis on the need to understand aphenomenon in all its complexity andto identify the universe of availablerecords as the basis for an informedselection for preservation, has pro-foundly affected the theory—if not al-ways the practice—of acquisitionspolicy and appraisal. Much of the re-cent literature has focused on macro-level interinstitutional policy. This ar-ticle draws on the experience of the So-cial Welfare History Archives to illus-trate how the documentation conceptcan be applied to analyze and refine thecollecting and appraisal strategy of aparticular repository. It describes theemergence of archival interest in socialservice records, the growth of the ser-vice sector, and the increase in con-sumer activism. It discusses the extentto which agency and organizational ar-chives reflect the participation and per-spective of consumers and presents is-sues related to identification and acqui-sition of consumer-created records.

2ADAPTING LIBRARYBIBLIOGRAPHIC UTILITIES ANDLOCAL SYSTEMS SOFTWARE FORUSE IN ARCHIVAL INFORMATIONSYSTEMS—THE CASE OF NOTIS5.0, Tyler O. Walters, 19:107.

The USMARC AMC format was de-veloped for the control of archives andmanuscripts. It is designed to organize

and provide access to both biblio-graphic and internal collection manage-ment information. Today’s USMARCAMC-supporting library bibliographicutilities and local system software fo-cus on bibliographic aspects while sup-port for managing internal administra-tive information is sorely underdevel-oped. This article looks at the develop-ment of the NOTIS system as an ex-ample of one major AMC-supportingbibliographic system along with thefunctional requirements of archival in-formation systems and general consid-erations when employing library utili-ties and software in archival manage-ment.

3ADOPTING AND ADAPTINGRECORDS MANAGEMENT TOCOLLEGE AND UNIVERSITYARCHIVES, Marjorie Rabe Barritt,14:5.

A comprehensive records managementprogram has proven an elusive goal atmany college and university archives,partially because of the development ofcollege and university archives out ofthe manuscript tradition. A 1987 sur-vey of archives at twelve universitiesshowed that the archives are modify-ing records management to suit theirparticular situation while continuingtraditional archival services. Elementsof an archives and records managementprogram are discussed with particularemphasis on adopting and adaptingcertain records management techniquesto fit individual college and universityarchives.

ABSTRACTS


4ANALYSIS OR PRESCRIPTION:RICHARD BERNER ON ARCHIVALTHEORY AND PRACTICE, AnnPederson, 9:35.

Richard Cox recently reminded theAmerican archival profession yet againthat our “past is prologue” and de-scribed the history of archival enter-prise in the United States as weak, un-even, and full of large and numerousholes. So it was with relief of the be-sieged sighting the dust of the ap-proaching cavalry that I received thenews of the imminent publication of ourprofession’s first comprehensive, re-flective work, Archival Theory andPractice in the United States: A His-torical Analysis, by Richard Berner. Atlast, an experienced and well-publishedpractitioner would achieve what all hadbeen calling for—a benchmark booktracing the development of Americanarchival principles and practices andhighlighting those points of genuineprogress and contribution which are sohard to identify as events unfold day-to-day. (Article excerpt.)

5ANNOTATED SELECTEDBIBLIOGRAPHY OF WORKSRELATING TO SOUNDRECORDINGS AND MAGNETICAND OPTICAL MEDIA, ChristopherAnn Paton, 16:31.

The following were selected for thisbibliography because they offer in-sights into the special nature and needsof sound recordings. They were writ-ten over a period of more than thirtyyears and offer a broad range of infor-mation from a variety of perspectives,not all of which are oriented towardarchival purposes. Inclusion in this bib-

liography does not imply that the ad-vice offered by the authors is authori-tative. Archivists using these worksshould be careful in applying any sug-gested or implied treatments or rem-edies to sound recordings in their col-lections.

6APPRAISAL OF CONGRESSIONALRECORDS AT THE MINNESOTAHISTORICAL SOCIETY: A CASESTUDY, Mark A. Greene, 19:31.

The papers of U.S. Senators and Rep-resentatives are fundamental sourcesfor local and national history. However,their tremendous bulk and complexitymakes such collections increasinglydifficult for repositories to appraise andadminister. The Minnesota HistoricalSociety, which has one of the largestcollections of Congressional papers inthe nation, assembled an internal com-mittee to tighten its appraisal criteria.Drawing from two decades of mostlyabstract articles and books on Congres-sional records appraisal, the Societycreated a concrete records dispositionlist. This list has been invaluable incommunicating with the Congressionalstaffs (improving the content and reduc-ing the size of accessions) and prom-ises to deliver substantial space reduc-tions through appraisal.

7ARCHIVAL ADVENTURES ALONGTHE FREEDOM OF INFORMATIONTRAIL: WHAT ARCHIVALRECORDS REVEAL ABOUT THE FBIAND THE UNIVERSITIES IN THEMCCARTHY PERIOD, SigmundDiamond, 12:29.

Two events that occurred toward theend of 1986 serve to remind us that a

ABSTRACTS 9

fully informed citizenry is one of themost important antidotes to tyranny.The first was the publication of EllenSchrecker’s book No Ivory Tower:McCarthyism and the Universitieswhich casts considerable doubt on theview that American universities werebastions of free inquiry. The secondwas, of course, the revelations associa-tion with the “Contragate” scandal. Ineach instance the public was madeaware of the abuse of governmental au-thority by the illuminating power of thewritten documentary record.This article discusses several specificinstances of abuses of public power thatinvolved a questionable relationshipbetween the Federal Bureau of Investi-gation and various universities duringthe McCarthy period. It is a slightlymodified version of a paper presentedat a session entitled “The Archives ofthe Second American Red Scare:Sources, Issues, and Reflections” at theForty-ninth Annual Meeting of the So-ciety of American Archivists in Aus-tin, Texas, on November 1, 1985.The research that this article is basedupon was made possible by obtaining,through recourse to the Freedom of In-formation Act, copies of pertinentrecords of the Federal Bureau of Inves-tigation. The necessary documentationwas obtained with considerable diffi-culty.The cases examined in this articleshould help to underscore the notionthat archivists have an ethical and civicobligation to support the right of citi-zens to as free access as possible topublic records and an equally impor-tant responsibility to discourage the im-position of unduly restrictive condi-tions of access on records held by pri-vate organizations.

8ARCHIVAL ADVOCACY:REFLECTIONS ON MYTHS ANDREALITIES, Elsie Freeman Finch,20:115.

Archival advocacy and public relationsis a daily activity. Our publics alreadyhave an opinion about us, and that opin-ion is a reflection of the quality of ourservices and products. In other words,we practice public relations nowwhether or not we do so consciously.To do it well, we must understand whatpublic relations is and how to integrateit with traditional archival functions.Advocacy, not the implementation oftraditional functions, is now the coreactivity of the archives, but certain mis-conceptions about how advocacy op-erates and how we should practice itoften prevent us from advocating. Oncethese misconceptions are laid aside, ar-chivists can practice advocacy, ensur-ing long-term identification and pres-ervation of, and access to, archives.When archivists understand and prac-tice their role as advocates, certain otherchanges will take place affecting fund-ing, education and training, products,programs, and collaboration which willfurther benefit archival institutions andthe profession. This essay was origi-nally presented as the keynote addressat the MAC Fall meeting, October 6,1994 in Saint Paul, Minnesota.

9THE ARCHIVAL BRIDGE, KevinProffitt, 16:115.

Once upon a time state archival groupsstood alone. The emergence of regionalorganizations such as MAC forcedmany state groups to face a new real-ity. A newly competitive archival worldprompted them to readjust their goals


and priorities. Cooperation betweenarchival groups must be part of this re-adjustment. Through cooperation thestate groups and the regionals will ben-efit, as well as the larger archival pro-fession.

10ARCHIVAL EDUCATION: THEEXPERIENCES OF THEASSOCIATION OF CANADIANARCHIVISTS, Bryan E. Corbett, 18:97.

Since its founding in 1975 the Asso-ciation of Canadian Archivists has beenactive in the development of importantinitiatives in archival education. Theannual conference has been a mix offormal academic-style sessions andhands-on practical workshops wherearchival theory and the “why” of prac-tice are discussed with the “how” ofarchival methods. The Association hasdeveloped guidelines for pre-appoint-ment and post-appointment and con-tinuing professional education andtraining and intends to develop guide-lines for the education and training ofarchival technicians and paraprofes-sionals. The ACA has encouraged andassisted archival and educational insti-tutions in developing programs of ar-chival education. The ACA is workingwith the Association des archivistes duQuébec in developing education initia-tives at a national level. It has devel-oped a five year Education Programmeand Plan to provide a framework forthese activities in archival education.This article outlines the education ac-tivities of the ACA and assesses theeducation initiatives of the Association.

11ARCHIVAL EDUCATION: THENEXT STEP, Susan E. Davis, 14:13.

Archival education has undergonerapid changes in recent years. Devel-opments thus far have focused more onthe various venues for archival educa-tion than on the actual content ofcourses. The current concern about pro-fessionalism will dominate the nextstage. As a result, future developmentswill concentrate on four areas: therange of audiences for educational pro-grams; the content of these programs;teaching methodology; and control ofregulation of archival education. Cer-tification may also play a major role.

12THE ARCHIVAL INTERSECTION:COOPERATION BETWEENCOLLECTING REPOSITORIES ANDNONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS,David J. Klaassen, 15:25.

The records of nonprofit organizationsconstitute a valuable but endangeredspecies of historical documentation.Organizations frequently lack the com-bination of resources, perceived need,and will necessary to operate their ownarchival programs. If such records areto be preserved, archivists will have tointervene, either to encourage the or-ganization to establish its own archives,or to arrange a transfer to an appropri-ate collecting repository. Collaborationbetween the organization and the col-lecting repository challenges some ex-isting conceptions about the nature ofarchives and offers opportunities forcreative interaction.

ABSTRACTS 11

13ARCHIVAL MISSION AND USERSTUDIES, Roy C. Turnbaugh, 11:27.

User studies provide archivists with auseful tool for internal planning andanalysis, but they are less reliable whenused to justify programs to authoritiesoutside the archives. They should beused on a well-defined sense of insti-tutional mission rather than serving asthe basis from which to create suchpurpose. User studies are normally lim-ited to reference services, implying thatreference is the primary function of anarchives. Although such a definitionmay be more appropriate for manu-script repositories, it places governmentarchivists at a serious disadvantage anddevalues archival functions other thanreference. Appraisal and disposition ofrecords are the key activities, and anydefinition of use should reflect suchactivity. The author uses examples fromhis experience at the Illinois State Ar-chives to demonstrate the futility ofdeveloping programs in response toperceived needs based on studies ofexisting patterns of use. The key to userstudies in a governmental context is tobroaden the definition of use to includeall areas in which the archives acts soas to reflect the governmental as wellas the cultural function that the archivesserves. This can provide the basis forembedding the archives in the pro-cesses of government so that standardoperations are automatically funded.

14ARCHIVAL OUTREACH ON THEWORLD WIDE WEB, William Landis,20:129.

The World Wide Web offers archivistsnew opportunities for the disseminationof information about services and col-lections, and even digital facsimiles ofitems from collections. This review ar-ticle provides some explanation of ba-sic concepts and terminology associ-ated with the Web, as well as pointersto information sources both on-line andin print. It also presents a few snapshotdescriptions and discussions of repre-sentative archival repository Web sites.Finally, it discusses some broader is-sues for consideration as archivists pre-pare to exploit technological advancesthat allow for what amounts to a po-tential revolution in access to archivalrepositories by remote users.

15ARCHIVES AND ARCHIVISTS INTHE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY:WHAT WILL WE BECOME?, RichardCox. 20:97.

Archivists have become more prone inthe past decade to speculate on their fu-ture. This essay argues that such specu-lation should be grounded in the cur-rent trends of changes of organizationsand the society these organizations re-side in and reflect. The author uses twowell-known management tomes, stress-ing reengineering and reinventing, asa foundation for tracking these changesand arguing what archivists should befocused on as they cope in rapidly trans-forming organizations and society. Theauthor concludes that many of thesechanges should bring a greater oppor-tunity for archives and archivists tomeet the archival mission.


16ARCHIVES AND HISTORICPRESERVATION: THE CASE OF THECCC, Bonnie Stepenoff, 13:77.

After 1942 when the federal govern-ment dismantled New Deal programssuch as the Civilian ConservationCorps and retreated from involvementin the activities of state park systems,it left the states with an impressivelegacy of rustic park architecture im-possible to duplicate and difficult tomaintain. In the 1980s, the MissouriDepartment of Natural Resources, cus-todian of the state’s system of parks andhistoric sites, engaged in a patient ef-fort to document and preserve hundredsof buildings and structures erected byDepression era relief workers onMissouri’s park lands. Records held bythe National Archives and the depart-ment itself played an important andcontinuing role in determining the fu-ture of this great New Deal legacy. Thispaper discusses how archival materi-als were used in the preservation effortand suggests, through this discussion,how they might be used in other his-toric preservation projects.

17ARCHIVES AND MUSEUMS, John A.Fleckner, 15:67.

Despite striking differences in methodsand techniques, archives and muse-ums—especially history museums—share much in common. Moreover, re-cent developments in both fields are in-creasing the area of commonality. Al-though it is hardly startling, I reachedthis realization only as a result of on-the-job-experience—on the museum’scollections committee (which approvesall major acquisitions), in developingregistration procedures with the

museum’s registrar ’s office, andthrough participation in seminars, col-loquia, and informal discussion. Likemany archivists, I suspect, my under-standing of the museum world had pre-viously been exclusively from the per-spective of a visitor to museum exhibi-tions.

18ARCHIVES IN THE MIDWEST:ASSESSMENTS AND PROSPECTS,Virginia Stewart, 10:5.

The editorial board has, from time totime, grappled with the issue of the de-gree to which The Midwestern Archi-vist should reflect the regional statusof its title and to its parent organiza-tion. Over the years authors of articlesappearing in the journal have been pre-dominantly members of the MidwestArchives Conference, but the contentof the articles has not been particularlyregional in scope. While recognizingthat most archival conditions and prac-tices transcend regional boundaries, theeditorial board agreed that it would bedesirable to offer a thoughtful analysisof the overall condition of archives inthe midwest. The state archival needs-assessment surveys and reports, spon-sored by the National Historical Publi-cations and Records Commission, ap-peared to offer the baseline for such ananalysis. We turned to Virginia Stewart,believing that she knew the region thor-oughly but had no direct interest to pro-tect in relation to the findings of any ofthe state reports. That she has given usa prescription for dealing with futureprospects that transcends the regionsuggests to us that we asked the rightquestion of the right person. (Editor’snote.)

ABSTRACTS 13

19ARCHIVES, OPTICAL DISKS ANDTHE COPYRIGHT ACT OF 1976,Helen Humeston, 18:15.

Recently many archival repositorieshave begun or are planning to copy por-tions of their holdings on optical disks.This article contends that, dependingupon the copyrighted status of the ma-terial, using computer-assisted reprog-raphy might infringe upon the author’scopyrights. This interpretation is basedupon an analysis of the provisions ofTitle 17 of the United State Code, thelegislative and judicial case history ofcopyrights, and the final report of theNational Commission on New Techno-logical Uses of Copy-righted Works.Extensive bibliographic citations areincluded.

20THE ARCHIVIST AS PUBLICADMINISTRATOR, Barbara Floyd,15:17.

The vast majority of archivists are em-ployed by public service sector organi-zations, defined as all organizations de-pendent on public funding. Yet previousdiscussions of management training forarchivists have made little mention of theapplicability of the field of public admin-istration to that training. Unlike businessadministration, public administrationteaches management skills for the pub-lic and nonprofit sectors, with an empha-sis on its political context. This articleintroduces archivists to the field of pub-lic administration, demonstrates how thiscourse of study is appropriate for archi-vists wanting to improve their manage-ment skills, and finally makes the casefor archivists becoming more effectivepublic administrators in order to thrivein this era of shrinking public dollars.

21ARCHIVISTS AND GENEALOGISTS:THE TREND TOWARD PEACEFULCOEXISTENCE, Gail R. Redmann,18:121.

Throughout history, genealogy has of-ten been maligned, misused, and mis-understood. However, over the pasttwenty years, practitioners of both ge-nealogy and history have shifted theirfocus and have adopted similar meth-ods of study. These changes have al-tered the traditionally negative view ofarchivists toward genealogists, withmany in the profession not only accom-modating genealogists but actuallywelcoming them to their institutions.

22ARCHIVISTS ANDPROFESSIONALISM IN THEUNITED STATES REVISITED,Richard J. Cox, 15:5.

The past decade was a period of self-scrutiny by the archival profession. The1990s might be a time when the navel-gazing of the 1980s is translated intomore intensive activity by the archivalcommunity. This is indicative of thedynamic nature of all professions. Twoimportant recent studies on the natureof professions—one a general analysisof professional systems and the otheran investigation of librarianship as aprofession—suggest some ways to un-derstand the recent development of theAmerican archival profession. This es-say reviews these two studies, assessesthe archival discipline as a part of thesystem of professions, and re-evaluatesthe agenda for professional change sug-gested by the author in 1986.


23ARCHIVY AND THE COMPUTER: ACITATION ANALYSIS OF NORTHAMERICAN PERIODICALLITERATURE, Anne Gilliland-Swetland, 17:95.

The author reviews bibliographicanalyses that have been conducted onAmerican archival literature. She thenreports the methodology and results ofa citation analysis that she conductedon articles in six periodicals core to theprofessional reading of North Ameri-can archivists. The analysis, which cov-ers the lifespan of the periodicals, iden-tifies key individuals and publications,as well as disciplinary influences andseminal writings in the area of archivalautomation and electronic records. Theauthor speculates about the implica-tions of these findings and also recom-mends citation analysis as a useful re-search approach for understanding thedevelopment of archival practice andeducation.

24ASSESSING THE HISTORICALVALUE OF THE HISTORICALRECORDS SURVEY, Patricia L.Adams, 12:5.

The Historical Records Survey is fiftyyears old and is best known for its sur-vey of the local records in the nation’s3000 counties. This article describes theactivities of the HRS and the types ofinformation gathered by HRS workers.The article compares the expectationsof HRS officials on how the HRSrecords would be used, with the resultsof a poll of research use of the 104 re-positories holding HRS records. Al-though used by a variety of research-ers, archivists feel that the records areunderutilized based on their historical

value. With the states assessing theirarchival needs in the recent NationalHistorical Publications and RecordsCommission-sponsored grants, the ar-ticle concludes with parallels betweenthese two federally-funded archivalsurveys of the nation’s records.

25AUDIO PRESERVATION IN THE U.S.:A REPORT ON THE ARSC/AAAPLANNING STUDY, Barbara Sawka,16:5.

This article summarizes the currentstate of audio preservation in the UnitedStates as detailed in the final report ofa two-year study conducted by a con-sortium of major sound archives. Thestudy’s conclusions illustrate the fledg-ling state of preservation knowledge,effort, and funding in the sound ar-chives community. The study has in-spired new cooperative and standards-setting efforts among the sound ar-chives community, but the larger archi-val community must still be alerted tothe precarious condition and uncertainfuture of our aural heritage.

26AUTOMATION, REFERENCE, ANDTHE SMALL REPOSITORY, 1967-1997, Glen A. Gildemeister, 13:5.

Over the past two decades archival au-tomation has evolved from the cumber-some, costly, and complex systems ofthe 1960s to the fast, inexpensive user-friendly software packages now foundin nearly every repository. The impactin the small repository has been mostlyin the area of reference services and therevolution to automated control of andaccess to holdings is past the halfwaymark. Foremost among the new tech-nologies to arrive in archives in the

ABSTRACTS 15

1990s will be optical media to storedata, faster, more expansive, yet rela-tively less expensive microcomputers;and local area network systems to ex-pand reference service and access todata on holdings.

27BEYOND ORAL EVIDENCE,SPEAKING (CON)STRICTLY ABOUTORAL HISTORY, Charles T. Morrissey,17:89.

The recorded interview is a centralcomponent of oral history reminis-cences, but several scholars in NorthAmerican and Europe, representing di-verse research fields, have liberallyexpanded the definition of oral history.They include other types of archivalmaterials, many with orality in theirorigins but significantly without theessential characteristics of oral history.The author illustrates the recurring andunwarranted designation of suchrecords as oral history documents. Re-vising definitions of oral history hebroached in 1980 and 1984 he proposesa new version, emphasizing the criti-cal interaction between interviewer-his-torians and historically knowledgeableinformants, but still archivally based.

28BEYOND USMARC AMC: THECONTEXT OF A DATA EXCHANGEFORMAT, Jill Tatem, 14:39.

Archivists’ discussions about use of theUSMARC-AMC format so far havefailed adequately to address goals andsystem design and implementation is-sues. The article focuses on one com-monly articulated goal, improved end-user access to archival collections. Itexamines the issues of data quantity,data quality, and user-system interfaces

and concludes that unresolved prob-lems in all three areas present signifi-cant obstacles to end-user access to ar-chival collections via current biblio-graphic descriptive networks.

29BUYING QUARTER INCH HOLES:PUBLIC SUPPORT THROUGHRESULTS, Elsie T. Freeman, 10:89.

Archivists must learn specifically andaccurately, who uses their holdings; afew individuals and institutions are nowexamining this question. Archivistsmust also learn what users produce withtheir research and how these productsaffect our personal and public lives.Four methods for ascertaining this in-formation are suggested. Finally, armedwith information about clients and re-sults, archivists can reach new user con-stituencies, affect the general public’sperception of archives, and influencethose who underwrite and support ar-chival activity. The write provides sug-gestions for undertaking this outreach.

30CATALOG THEM AGAIN FOR THEFIRST TIME, Mark A. Vargas and JanetPadway, 17:49.

Original cataloging of archival materi-als into online catalogs is a resource-intensive enterprise and should be un-dertaken only after thorough planning.The purpose of this article is to providearchivists with guidelines that mayprove useful in creating online biblio-graphic records, based on lessonslearned from the experiences at theUniversity of Wisconsin-Milwaukee.The article provides both the librarycataloger’s and the archivist’s perspec-tive on automating bibliographicrecords for an archives, focusing on the

ABSTRACTS 17

35CORPORATE RECORDS INNONCORPORATE ARCHIVES: ACASE STUDY, Dennis E. Meissner,15:39.

When a corporation decides to formallypreserve its historically valuablerecords, it generally has two options. Itmay establish an in-house archives pro-gram or it may seek to donate its recordsto an outside archival repository. Theauthor considers the extent to whichoutside archives may serve as appro-priate repositories for the records oflarge corporations. In doing so he drawsupon the experiences of the MinnesotaHistorical Society in administering thearchives of the Northern Pacific andGreat Northern Railways as a casestudy. He concludes that a good matchbetween corporate donor andnoncorporate repository is likely to bea rare occurrence and offers severalcautions to corporations and reposito-ries considering such a relationship.

36CREATING A FRONT DOOR TOARCHIVAL KNOWLEDGE IN THEUNITED STATES: GUIDELINES FORA MASTER OF ARCHIVAL STUDIESDEGREE, Tyler O. Walters, 18:77.

The author explores the need for theMaster of Archival Studies (M.A.S.)degree in the United States and its ex-pression through the Society of Ameri-can Archivists’ Guidelines for the De-velopment of a Curriculum for a Mas-ter of Archival Studies. He contendsthat the substantial and distinct bodyof archival knowledge, coupled withthe emergence of new information tech-nologies that have changed the wayarchives are created, maintained, andused, make an autonomous two-year

degree curriculum necessary. The ar-ticle examined SAA’s history in edu-cational guidelines development, theCanadian experience with educationalguidelines and twelve years of M.A.S.degree programs, the growth of U.S.graduate archival education during the1980s, and major features of the 1993draft M.A.S. guidelines.

37CRISIS IN CELLULOID: COLORFADING AND FILM BASEDETERIORATION, Richard Hincha,17:125.

The twin dilemma of film base dete-rioration and color fading threaten thefilm collections of archives every-where. The causes of these phenomena,rooted in past and present film indus-try practice, appear highly resistant tocorrective measures. Current researchhas established procedures that canonly retard, not stop or reverse, the ef-fects. Alternative film bases and imag-ing systems, as presently constituted,exhibit technological or economicdrawbacks that render them unattrac-tive. Without practical, cost-effectivesolutions to these problems, the prog-nosis for film archives is grim.

38THE DEPOSIT AGREEMENT INARCHIVAL COLLECTIONDEVELOPMENT, Dennis F. Walle,10:117.

The article analyzes the results of re-search on the usage of deposit agree-ments and their impact on collectiondevelopment. It is based on a surveyresponse from 135 archival agencies.It includes examples of institutionalexperience as well as suggested ele-ments of a deposit agreement. Many


archivists and archival repositories usedeposit agreements to acquire collec-tions when the owner is reluctant torelinquish title through the standarddeed of gift. A survey of selected ar-chival repositories illustrates a diver-sity of practice regarding the extent ofusage and types of arrangements. Thearrangements are variously designatedas semi-permanent, open-ended, timed,or otherwise modified. To provide guid-ance to those considering using depositagreements in their programs, the au-thor discusses fourteen possible ele-ments of a deposit agreement. Deposi-tories contemplating their use are urgedto seek legal counsel. The depositagreement is a viable tool for collec-tion development which archivistsshould use with caution.

39A DIFFERENT SHADE OF GREEN:DOCUMENTING ENVIRONMENTALRACISM AND JUSTICE, Stephen C.Sturgeon, 21:33.

For the past twenty years archivistshave been attempting to diversify theircollections to include historically ex-cluded groups such as minorities. Theenvironmental justice movement, anattempt by people of color to combattoxic pollution in their neighborhoods,presents a unique opportunity for ar-chivists to achieve this goal by docu-menting the efforts of these commu-nity-based coalitions. This opportunityalso offers archivists a chance to reex-amine the use and usefulness of “docu-mentation strategies” for filling gaps incollections. This essay argues that in-stead of “documentation strategies,” theprofession needs to engage in “docu-mentation advocacy” to secure diversecollections.

40DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS:DOCUMENTARY OPPORTUNITIESNOT TO BE MISSED, Anne J.Gilliland-Swetland, 20:39.

Drawing upon professional literatureand electronic records and digital li-brary research initiatives at the Univer-sity of Michigan, this paper examinesthe nature of and opportunities pro-vided by digital communications, pri-marily as evolving documentary media,but also as digital environmentsthrough which documentation may po-tentially be made more widely avail-able and relevant. It cautions againstutilizing a pure systems or risk man-agement approach in identifying suchmaterials for long-term retention, andconcludes with a discussion of the needto revisit the role of appraisal to estab-lish and capitalize on the nature and useof digital communications.

41DIGITAL EVOLUTION: CHANGINGROLES AND CHALLENGES FORARCHIVISTS IN THE AGE OFGLOBAL NETWORKING, LaurieBrooke Crum, 20:51.

The combination of the evolving na-ture of the Internet and new documenttypes and information that are beingdisseminated throughout the WorldWide Web pose significant challengesfor any professional engaged in thedocumentation and study of organiza-tions and human culture. This articleserves as an exploratory platform forarchival issues related to global com-puter networking as exemplified by theInternet. A discussion of the parallelsand differences of the evolution of the

ABSTRACTS 19

book and hypermedia World Wide Webdocuments highlights a number of im-portant challenges for archivists. Thearticle also offers dynamic, organicdefinitions of the Internet and WorldWide Web documents. The author ex-amines important cultural implicationsand concerns for professionals engagedin the use and documentation of newforms of digital media.

42DISSIMILAR APPRAISALDOCUMENTATION AS ANIMPEDIMENT TO SHARINGAPPRAISAL DATA: A SURVEY OFAPPRAISAL DOCUMENTATION INGOVERNMENT ARCHIVALREPOSITORIES, Thomas J. Ruller,17:65.

A survey of twenty-one governmentarchival repositories gathered data onmethods for documenting appraisal de-cisions. When analyzed, the survey re-veals significant disparity among insti-tutions. The institutions surveyed cre-ate four primary forms of appraisaldocumentation. The differences in for-mat and content of appraisal documen-tation seriously inhibit interinstitutionalsharing of appraisal data. To promotesharing, a standard interchange formatfor appraisal documentation should becreated.

43DO WE NEED AUTHORITYCONTROL? INVESTIGATIONS ATTHE MILWAUKEE URBANARCHIVES, Mark A. Vargas, 19:45.

Although authority control is an issueof growing importance to archivists,little research has been done to investi-gate its necessity. As an initial step, theMilwaukee Urban Archives conducted

an experiment to answer one specificquestion: how often do names used bythe MUA match those already in theLibrary of Congress Name AuthorityFile (LCNAF) for the same person ororganization? The research focused onthe potential need to create authorityrecords for personal and corporatenames, used either as creators of col-lections or as added entries. The resultsshow that 85 percent of the names didnot exactly match those already in theLCNAF, including 34 percent whichconflicted. Only 15 percent of thenames matched the LCNAF exactly,meaning that no conflict could occur.The study concludes with observationson the need for further research.

44DOCUMENTATION OF THE UNITEDSTATES AT WAR IN THE 20THCENTURY: AN ARCHIVIST’SREFLECTIONS ON SOURCES,THEMES, AND ACCESS, Shirley J.Burton, 13:17.

War is not simply a military matter, butrather a complex phenomenon that af-fects all of society. The documentationof war is similarly complex. It appearsin both public and private sources andin machine-readable, audio, andvideo—as well as paper—form,thereby presenting a considerable chal-lenge to archivists concerned with thepreservation of adequate documenta-tion. Trends in research and interpreta-tion can affect the demand for particu-lar types of sources, but access to thearchival record is often a greater ob-stacle to research than limitations onthe nature or extent of the documenta-tion. Archivists will bear considerableresponsibility for what the future willknow of war in the twentieth century


because that knowledge will depend toa large extent upon those fragments ofthe past that survive—the archivalrecord.

45DOCUMENTING AGRICULTUREAND RURAL LIFE, Gould P. Colman,12:21.

To conserve the resources available forhistoric documentation, archivistswould do well to concentrate on whatis most crucial in shaping events. Thefarm family has been crucial to shap-ing agriculture and rural life in theUnited State since chattel slavery wasabolished. Methods which can be usedto document the family-based occupa-tion of farming, where production onthe farm is integrated with reproduc-tion in the family, are described. Limi-tations of these methods are noted.Problems involved with retrieval areconsidered.

46DOCUMENTING AMERICA:OBSERVATIONS ONIMPLEMENTATION, F. Gerald Ham,14:83.

The author outlines how the NHPRC’sstate assessment reports might be trans-formed into planning documents withdetailed priorities, actors, objectives,and monitoring procedures. He cri-tiques the most commonly recurringrecommendations and establishes athree-level paradigm (state, regional,and national) to implement the best rec-ommendations emerging from the statereports. He concludes that the state re-ports, if properly evaluated, could serveas building blocks for an integratednational records program.

47DOCUMENTING THE DIFFICULTOR COLLECTING THECONTROVERSIAL, Karen M.Lamoree, 20:149.

Conflict has traditionally been a well-spring of historical research and inter-pretation, for it is inherently interest-ing. Examining controversy permitsstudy not only of the contested issueitself but also of the context in which itis found and the factors that led to itsappearance. Despite such inherent in-terest many archival and manuscriptrepositories have failed to documentrelatively recent conflicts in their areasof collection responsibility. Why, as aprofession, are we reluctant to docu-ment the battles over school prayer,integration, abortion, gay rights, andeven the flouridation of water?

48DOCUMENTING THE VIETNAMSOLDIER: A CASE STUDY INCOLLECTION DEVELOPMENT,Carolyn J. Mattern, 15:99.

This paper reviews a special collectionat the State Historical Society of Wis-consin that documents opposition to thewar in Vietnam among the military.Using this as an example the authorargues that the value of written collect-ing policy statements has been over-stated.

49EDUCATION FOR ARCHIVISTS:HARD CHOICES AND HARD WORK,David Horn, 21:25.

In contrast with the view in the preced-ing article [Frank Boles, Making HardChoices: Continuing Education and theArchival Profession, 21:7.], a differentdescription of the audience for continu-

ABSTRACTS 21

ing archival education is presented.Archival appointments include manypart-time assignments, and many archi-vists will not take graduate programs.There is a large and varied audience forcontinuing education programs that donot presume pre-appointment educa-tion. The model for education offeringswill include two main types of archi-vists—those with and those withoutextensive pre-appointment education.Scarce resources can and must bestretched to meet a wide variety ofneeds.

50ENSURING CONTINUITY ANDPRESERVATION THROUGHARCHIVAL SERVICEAGREEMENTS, William J. Maher,19:5.

Associations and organizations neednot hire their own archival staff or es-tablish in-house archives to ensure thepreservation of their documentary heri-tage. Fee-for-service deposit agree-ments with institutional archives andmanuscript repositories provide amechanism for meeting an association’sarchival needs. Such agreements alsocan help ensure that a repository hasthe policy and resource base to fulfillits responsibilities for records thatdocument the important role that mul-tiple and diverse volunteer, profes-sional, and trade associations play inmodern life. This article describes overtwenty years of experience at the Ar-chives of the University of Illinois atUrbana-Champaign in contract-basedrelations for managing the archives ofexternal organizations such as theAmerican Library Association and pro-vides a sample deposit agreement.

51ESTABLISHING A VIETNAM WARVETERANS ARCHIVES, Elaine D.Engst, 10:43.

In January 1981, the Department ofManuscripts and University Archivesat Cornell University in Ithaca, NewYork, entered into an agreement withthe Vietnam War Veterans Archives andHistory Center of Santa Rosa, Califor-nia. The Department agreed to becomethe repository for records collected bythe Center, documenting the experienceof individual soldiers during the Viet-nam War. This article will consider thehistory of the project and the variousstrategies devised to survey and collectmaterials, examining the relationshipbetween an archival repository and anadvocacy group in collecting contem-porary records. (Article excerpt.)

52THE FBI RECORDS APPRAISAL,James Gregory Bradsher, 13:51.

The appraisal of the headquarters andfield office records of the Federal Bu-reau of Investigation by the NationalArchives in 1981 was perhaps the mostimportant and certainly the most exten-sive and expensive appraisal carried outby federal archivists. In this article theauthor discusses the FBI records ap-praised; the appraisal methodology,including sampling case files for ap-praisal; the decision-making processfor retaining records; and the recordsto be retained. The author also providesthe background to the appraisal, includ-ing the 1979 lawsuit that led to the ap-praisal, and the judicial process thattook place during and subsequent to theappraisal.


53FROM CLASSROOMS TOCOMMONS: DOCUMENTING THETOTAL STUDENT EXPERIENCE INHIGHER EDUCATION, John Straw,19:19.

As educators and researchers in highereducation increasingly recognize theimportance of the out-of-classroom ex-perience in the education process, aca-demic archivists are challenged to bet-ter document student life. Recent lit-erature, sessions at professional confer-ences, and an admittedly non-scientificsurvey on the Archives Listserv attestto archivists’ continuing efforts to col-lect documentation on this elusive, butsignificant, part of higher education.Using an endowed student life and cul-ture archival program at the Universityof Illinois Archives as an example, theauthor examines the issues related todocumenting the total student experi-ence in American colleges and univer-sities.

54FROM DUST TO ASHES: BURNOUTIN THE ARCHIVES, Hugh A. Taylor,12:73.

In contrast to several studies on burn-out among librarians, nothing compa-rable has been attempted for archivists.For want of hard data, the author hasattempted to indicate similarities andcontrasts in terms of stress between thetwo professions. The reader is intro-duced to Charlie, a mercifully fictitiouscharacter, who, as a result of his edu-cation and subsequent career, achievesmassive burnout over time, and in cir-cumstances familiar to many archivists.The principal causes of burnout amonglibrarians are seen to be management-related and have to do with poor work-

ing conditions, role conflict, and in-sufficient training. This may be true forsome archivists as well.At a deeper level, archivists also maybe disturbed and confused by profoundchanges in the production and manage-ment of information and mixed mediain an electronic age less heavily relianton the printed and written word. Thewhole field of heritage is becoming in-creasingly interdependent, and the oldfamiliar “spaces” and categories of jobclassification are also changing. Animaginative education, coupled with a“non-specialist preparation of aware-ness” of changing patterns, is becom-ing essential.

55HOW ARCHIVES MAKE NEWS,James Boylan, 10:99.

The author analyzed the “image” ofarchives and archivists in 300 newsclippings dated from 1981 to 1984.Three types of stories were found: (1)those in which archives and archivistsplayed a secondary role, (2) those inwhich they appear in an arranged“pseudo-event”,” and (3) those inwhich they were portrayed substan-tively. In the last group, few stories dis-cussed serious issues; instead, theyemployed metaphors of accumulationand rot. Such treatment may reflect thepolitical weakness of archivists. Thearticle concludes that archivists shouldtry to provide full, honest informationto journalists, to create pseudo-eventsof legitimate interest, and to encouragestories on archival policies and socialroles.

ABSTRACTS 23

56IMPACT OF THE MARC AMCFORMAT ON ARCHIVALEDUCATION AND EMPLOYMENTDURING THE 1980S, Donald L.DeWitt, 16:73.

During the 1980s, the development ofthe MARC AMC format allowed ar-chives and manuscript repositories totake advantage of automation on anunprecedented scale. A review of ar-chival position vacancies indicates theincreasing extent to which knowledgeof the MARC AMC format became acriterion for employment in the 1980sand that employers tended to prefercandidates with pre-appointmentknowledge of the format. Most posi-tions utilizing the MARC AMC formatwere at colleges and universities. Asurvey of archival education programsreveals that by the end of the decadethese programs had made only a lim-ited response in providing training inthe MARC AMC format. On-the-job-training was the most frequently citedsource of training for successful candi-dates who came to a position withknowledge of the MARC AMC format.

57THE IMPORTANCE OF BEINGDIVERSE: THE ARCHIVALPROFESSION AND MINORITYRECRUITMENT, Kathryn M. Neal,21:145.

Recent projections indicate that theAmerican work force will become in-creasingly pluralistic during the 21stcentury. What implications do thesechanging demographics have for thearchival profession? Regardless of ra-cial background, individuals havejoined the profession in small numbers.The field remains largely racially ho-

mogeneous, however, despite somepast and current efforts to remedy thesituation. The author presents reasonswhy the issue of diversity demands ar-chivists’ concern, explores the reasonsbehind the shortage of minorities in theprofession, and suggests possiblemeans by which to encourage morepeople of color to enter.

58IN SEARCH OF ARCHIVESHISTORY: EUGENIO CASANOVAAND THE SUSPECT LINCOLNLETTER, Valerie Komor, 18:55.

This paper presents a slice of Europeanarchival history which might be of spe-cial interest to American archivists. Itrecounts the circumstances which ledto the ouster in 1932 of Italy’s foremostarchivist, Eugenio Casanova: the pub-lication of a letter believed to have beenwritten by Abraham Lincoln.

59THE INDIRECT APPROACH: ASTUDY OF SCHOLARLY USERS OFBLACK AND WOMEN’SORGANIZATIONAL RECORDS INTHE LIBRARY OF CONGRESSMANUSCRIPT DIVISION, JacquelineGoggin, 11:57.

Archivists need to understand better theuses to which archival materials are put,and the role of documentation in thefinal product. This is especially the casefor scholarly research which results inpublications that can be systematicallyanalyzed to reveal patterns of use. Asone of the largest and most heavily usedmanuscript repositories in the country,the Library of Congress holds a wealthof information for studying the schol-arly use patterns of manuscript collec-tions. An analysis of the scholarly use


patterns of thirteen collections of blackand women’s organizational recordsover a ten year period revealed that 123users had published 168 books. Closeexamination of eighty-five of thesebooks indicated that only thirty-oneauthors made extensive use of the ar-chival documentation available fortheir research topics. The results of thisstudy support the findings of other stud-ies of archival use among scholars andsuggest that if archivists paid more at-tention to the users of their collections,current archival administrative prac-tices would need serious modification.

60“JUST A BUNCH OF BIGOTS”: ACASE STUDY IN THE ACQUISITIONOF CONTROVERSIAL MATERIALS,Frank Boles, 19:53.

This article is a case study document-ing the acquisition of Ku Klux Klanmembership records by the Clarke His-torical Library and the reaction to thatacquisition. After chronicling the factsof the case, the author discusses whatthe case reveals about contemporaryinter-institutional cooperation, the re-action of the general public to contro-versial archival acquisitions, and thereaction of students, faculty, and uni-versity administrators to such acquisi-tions. The author discusses at somelength the impact of multiculturalismupon the debate regarding the acquisi-tion of controversial materials and sug-gests that although multiculturalismcan be used to question the legitimacyof placing controversial material in anarchives, multiculturalism also containswithin it the seeds for a powerful argu-ment in retaining controversial records.

61KEEPING THE FAITH? BISHOPS,HISTORIANS, AND CATHOLICDIOCESAN ARCHIVISTS, 1790-1980,Peter J. Wosh, 9:15.

American Catholic archives, accordingto Boston Archdiocesan archivistJames O’Toole in a recent article, areexperiencing a “renaissance inprogress.” In fact, since the NationalConference of Catholic Bishops urgeddioceses, religious communities, andinstitutions to “inaugurate a nation-wide effort to preserve and organize allexisting records and papers” in 1976,archival programs in many sees,motherhouses, and parishes throughoutthe country have been born again. (Ar-

ticle excerpt.)

62THE LABOR ARCHIVIST AND THE“LABOR QUESTION”: TWO STEPSFORWARD, ONE STEP BACK,Thomas Connors, 12:61.

Although the “labor question” has car-ried various political, economic, andsociological meanings in the nineteenthand twentieth centuries, for the laborarchivist it has been a question of pres-ervation and control. Efforts of laborarchivists and academics to collect, pre-serve, and make available the recordsof organized labor in the United Statesare traced from the early decades of thetwentieth century through the 1980s.The state of labor’s records cannot beseparated from the state of the move-ment that created them. Labor archi-vists too, must adapt to the changingenvironment facing organized labor inAmerica if they are to construct theirproject “for the long haul.”

ABSTRACTS 25

63LEADERSHIP AND LOCALGOVERNMENT RECORDS: THEOPPORTUNITY OF THE JOINTCOMMITTEE ON THEMANAGEMENT, PRESERVATIONAND USE OF LOCALGOVERNMENT RECORDS, Richard J.Cox, 10:33.

Few dispute, at least, openly, the valueof local government records. For overa century historians and the antiquar-ians who preceded them, have used lo-cal government records to documentpolitical administration, local history,and the lives of individuals and fami-lies. By the turn of this century, pro-gressive reformers and public servantsbegan to recognize governmentalrecords as administrative necessities.Archivists, too, have professed thevalue of local government records. Un-fortunately, their commitment has notresulted in providing them with ad-equate care and protection because ofthe weakness of state and, especially,national leadership. (Article excerpt.)

64A LESSON IN ARCHIVAL REALITY:A COMMENTARY ON DONALDRATCLIFFE’S “THE MYSTERY OFOHIO’S MISSING PRESIDENTIALELECTION RETURNS”, Dennis East,17:145.

Public record archivists in Ohio shouldbe grateful for Donald Ratcliffe’s pains-taking search for the missing presiden-tial election returns for the first fortyyears of statehood. He has done a mas-terful job in delineating and unravel-ing the history of these records. Hisdiligence obviously benefitted his re-search, Ohio archivists, and the state’s

electoral history as offered statisticallyby the secretary of state. (Article excerpt.)

65LET ME HEAR AN AMEN: GOSPELMUSIC AND ORAL HISTORY, EllenGarrison, 14:23.

In the last decade a substantial numberof articles have appeared urging archi-vists to become activists in creatingrecords to capture historical and cul-tural experiences that do not generatetraditional written records, and to em-ploy new techniques to insure adequacyof documentation. The difficulties andsuccesses which the Center for Popu-lar Music has experienced in develop-ing its resources for gospel music re-search demonstrate the utility of onesuch tool—oral history—in capturingcritical information needed to under-stand such ephemeral phenomena, andsupport the view that archivists shoulddevelop a multi-dimensional approachto collection development.

66LETTING THE WORLD IN:ANTICIPATING THE USE OFRELIGIOUS ARCHIVES FOR THESTUDY OF NONRELIGIOUSSUBJECTS, Paul A. Ericksen, 12:83.

Like researchers who overlook reli-gious archives when writing secularhistory or exploring other nonreligioustopics, religious archivists often neglectto consider these same researcherswhen describing their collections andplanning their outreach. Archivists atthe Billy Graham Center Archives(Wheaton College, Wheaton, Illinois)go beyond serving those researcherswho come to use their materials to studyreligious topics and reach out to thosestudying nonreligious subjects.


67LOVE ME OR LEAVE ME: GETTINGBUSINESSES INTERESTED INARCHIVES, Steven L. Wright, 21:159.

American archival repositories havedone a fairly good job of documentingpolitical activities, military conquests,the arts and cultural affairs, as well asthe lives of prominent individuals.However, they have done a less thanadequate job documenting wherepeople spend a majority of their lives—in the workplace. Large corporationsrecognize the importance of history andemploy professional archivists whopreserve those records that assist thecompany in accomplishing its mission.Problems arise, however, in trying todocument the small to medium-sizedcompanies, the “bone and sinew” ofAmerica’s capitalist system. How canarchives and related historical projectsbe made affordable to businesses? Per-haps, more importantly, how do weconvince a CEO of the utility of his-tory? In 1991, the Cincinnati Histori-cal Society Library inaugurated a suc-cessful and unique corporate outreachprogram that confronts these issues di-rectly.

68MAKING HARD CHOICES:CONTINUING EDUCATION ANDTHE ARCHIVAL PROFESSION, FrankBoles, 21:7.

Continuing education has received littlecritical examination by archivists. Thisarticle categorizes the audiences thatbenefit from archival continuing edu-cation and priorities among these au-diences. In attempting to come to termswith questions regarding the type ofeducation needed by archivists the ar-ticle also addresses a more basic ques-

tion regarding the type of educationarchivists should receive prior to en-tering the profession, since what is of-fered through continuing education de-pends in part on what the recipients ofthe education already have learned. Fi-nally, the article outlines a possiblemodel structure for future archival con-tinuing education.

69MANAGING INTELLECTUALASSETS: THE IDENTIFICATION,CAPTURE, MAINTENANCE, ANDUSE OF THE RECORDS OFFEDERALLY SPONSOREDSCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, Kimberly J.Barata, 21:129.

Academic organizations, in addition togovernment and private industry, mustbegin to regard sponsored researchrecords as vital and integral evidentialand intellectual assets. This essay em-phasizes these records’ value as ameans of risk management for both theresearcher and the institution. Estab-lishing a Department of IntellectualAssets (a name chosen to reflect thenature of the records management/ar-chives program) under the jurisdictionof the University’s Controller’s Office,where the vital records of all researchbeing performed at the University aremaintained, is the primary goal for en-suring adequate evidence and account-ability of these activities. The paperpoints out that the records which ema-nate from scientific research activitiesare discipline specific and, as a result,archivists and records managers mustwork together to develop programs thatwill reflect this diversification. Thegoal of what this essay is suggesting isto transform the focus of records pro-fessionals off of information and onto

ABSTRACTS 27

evidence—evidence of fiscal, adminis-trative, and legal transactions, as wellas providing evidence of laboratoryproceedings.

70MANAGING TOMORROW’SRECORDS TODAY: ANEXPERIMENT IN ARCHIVALPRESERVATION OF ELECTRONICMAIL, Carol Elizabeth Nowicke, 13:67.

Encouraged by the speed of transmis-sion and ease of use, many organiza-tions are relying heavily on electronicmail for internal and external commu-nications. What are the implications ofelectronic mail for the archivist? Anexperiment was undertaken by theNavy Laboratories History Program toexamine use of electronic mail withinthe Navy Laboratory community andattempt to preserve and archivally man-age this evanescent form of communi-cation.

71“MCCARTHYISM WAS MORE THANMCCARTHY”: DOCUMENTING THERED SCARE AT THE STATE ANDLOCAL LEVEL, Don E. Carleton,12:13.

Although the post World War II redscare is popularly associated with theactivities of Senator Joseph R.McCarthy and his impact on the fed-eral government, the anti-Communisthysteria of the 1950s actually went farbeyond McCarthy and Washington,D.C. Institutions and individuals incommunities through the United Statesexperienced their own local versions ofthe red scare. The purpose of this ar-ticle is to urge archivists in document-ing local history to be aware of the needto collect materials related to the ex-

treme anti-Communist reaction at thelocal level. Using the example of theauthor’s study of the red scare in Hous-ton, Texas, the article discusses typesof records that are likely to prove use-ful for research in this important sub-ject.

72MEMORY AND HISTORY: WHATCAN YOU BELIEVE?, Walter W.Menninger, 21:97.

“Ten years ago it was my privilege tokeynote the annual meeting of the As-sociation of State and Local Historywhen it met in Topeka, where I wasasked to share some thoughts on therelationship of the human mind andhistory. At the time, I had been intriguedwith the vicissitudes of human memory.All too often I came across instancesof individuals recalling history as itwasn’t. In a period when modern tech-nology has enhanced the recording—tape and video—of oral history, Ithought it advisable to explore the va-lidity and reliability of memories. Mytitle on that occasion: “Say It Isn’t So:When Wishful Thinking Obscures His-torical Reality.” Today, I want to pickup on that theme with a recognition thatthe past ten years have seen further rec-ognition of the limits to the accuracyof human memory.”(Excerpt from the plenary address byW. Walter Menninger, M.D., presidentand chief officer of the MenningerFoundation and Clinic, presented at theJoint Meeting of the Midwest ArchivesConference and the Society of RockyMountain Archivists, Topeka, Kansas,October 1995.)


73THE MIDWEST ARCHIVESCONFERENCE: A RICH HISTORYREVISITED, Patrick M. Quinn, 18:5.

This article will recount the origins andevolution of the Midwest ArchivesConference (MAC) from its birth in theBismarck Hotel in Chicago on May 5and 6, 1972, through its developmentinto the largest and one of the mostdynamic regional archival organiza-tions in the United States. Although thisarticle is grounded in the extensiverecords of MAC held by NorthwesternUniversity Archives, it is more a per-sonal memoir of a founding memberand a two-decade participant in MACthan a formal history. Such a history,well-deserved, will come, no doubt, indue time, crafted by another author witha less-prismed lens and sufficient dis-tance from the events described below.

74“MIND AND SIGHT”: VISUALLITERACY AND THE ARCHIVIST,Elizabeth Kaplan and Jeffrey Mifflin,21:107.

Contemporary culture is increasinglycaptured by and reflected in visual ma-terials. Preserving and providing intel-lectual access to visual records willbecome an increasingly important as-pect of archival work as such materialsproliferate and are widely available inelectronic form. Visual literacy, anevolving concept best defined as theability to understand and use imagesand to think and learn in terms of im-ages, is an essential skill for archivistsand researchers using visual materials.Archivists of all media should strive toincrease their visual literacy because ofthe complex ways in which visual and“traditional” textual documents inter-

relate. Archivists can approach visualliteracy by becoming familiar with lev-els of visual awareness; participatingin the ongoing discourse about the na-ture of literacy, including the relation-ships between visual and textual lit-eracy; and increasing understanding ofthe special characteristics of image-cre-ating technologies as well as the con-ventions and modes of expression as-sociated with particular media. Ex-panded visual literacy will help archi-vists to understand and better describevisual resources as well as traditionaldocuments and other materials ofrecord. The results, improved findingaids and catalog records, will keep pacewith anticipated expanding require-ments of the research community.

75THE MINNESOTA CONFERENCE OFTHE UNITED CHURCH OF CHRISTRECORDS SURVEY, Anne A. Hage,10:53.

Between 1980 and 1983 the MinnesotaConference of the United Church ofChrist surveyed the records held by its160 local congregations. The surveyhad its genesis in 1976, when enthusi-asm for historical matters led the Con-ference to create a state-level histori-cal committee. Among other responsi-bilities it was charged with encourag-ing and educating churches in the pres-ervation of their historical records. Thecommittee, composed of lay volunteers,soon recognized that it had little ideaof the kinds of quantities of recordswhich might be found in parish collec-tions, let alone how they should be pre-served. (Article excerpt.)

ABSTRACTS 29

76MODERATION IN EVERYTHING,ACCESS IN NOTHING?: OPINIONSABOUT ACCESS RESTRICTIONS ONPRIVATE PAPERS, Mark A. Greene,18:31.

Archivists have written extensivelyabout access issues relating to case files(legal, medical, social work) and con-fidential information collected by gov-ernments. Meanwhile, the profession’sofficial perspective on disclosing pri-vate information in “traditional” privatepapers such as collections of letters hasundergone an important but much qui-eter transformation. According to somerecent archival manuals, the release ofany incoming letter in a manuscriptcollection may represent an invasion ofprivacy, so archivists are told to imposerestrictions beyond the wishes of do-nors. These changes leave theory dan-gerously out of step with archival real-ity and raise troubling questions con-cerning the state of archival ethics.

77THE MODERN ARCHIVESINSTITUTE: A HISTORY ANDPROFILE OF RECENT STUDENTS,Bruce Ambacher, 18:109.

This paper briefly reviews the historyand evolution of the Modern ArchivesInstitute and its current goals and struc-ture as a provider of post-appointmentstraining. The profile of current studentsfocuses on their current position, edu-cation, and other archival training, ex-perience, staff size, institutional hold-ings, and major problems to develop aprofile of attendees. The paper alsoexamines the success of the Institute asa provider of continuing education. Thepaper closes with an overview of pos-sible future changes for the Institute.

78THE MYSTERY OF OHIO’S MISSINGPRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONRETURNS, 1804-1848, DonaldRatcliffe, 17:137.

Many of the original voting records ofearly Ohio elections survive—but notthose for presidential elections before1852. Several copies of the election re-turns for all the various offices weremade during the reporting process, butonly those retained by county officialshave survived the ravages of fire andneglect. The lack of presidential recordsin the county archives can be explainedonly by studying the election law inforce at the time, which has had theunintended effect of making the care-ful identification and cataloging of thefew extant township returns especiallyimportant for historians of Ohio elec-tions.

79THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES ATFIFTY, Robert M. Warner, 10:25.

Nineteen eighty-four marks the fiftiethanniversary of the establishment of theNational Archives of the UnitedState[s] sic. ... Aside from the celebra-tion, anniversaries are usually time forreflection and reassessment, and this istrue for the National Archives, despiteour short history as an institution. Thepoint of this activity is, of course, tolearn from the past, to help us under-stand who we are as an institution, andeven possibly to indicate where we aregoing. (Article excerpt.)


80NATIONAL HISTORICALPUBLICATIONS AND RECORDSCOMMISSION STATE ASSESSMENTREPORTS IN HISTORICALPERSPECTIVE, Nicholas C. Burckel,14:71.

What has been the result of the tremen-dous expenditure of energy and tax dol-lars on the historical records assessmentreports funded by the National Histori-cal Publications and Records Commis-sion (NHPRC) since 1981? In hisanalysis of Documenting America andsubsequent state reports, the authornotes that little progress has been madein the twenty years since Ernst Posnerpublished his observations in AmericanState Archives in 1964. The author con-cludes that future assessment activitiesmust involve a constituency broaderthan the archival profession if they areto make a difference.

81NATIONAL INFORMATIONSYSTEMS AND STRATEGIES FORRESEARCH USE, Nancy Sahli, 9:5.

These article headlines and advertisingslogans from a recent issue of theChronicle of Higher Education areclear evidence of the climate in whichall discussions of national informationsystems for archives and manuscriptsmust be placed, a climate in which theeducated use population will be in-creasingly familiar with and, conse-quently, dependent upon, computerapplications as a fact of daily life. (Ar-

ticle excerpt.)

82NEITHER FISH NOR FOWL NORGOOD RED MEAT: USINGARCHIVAL DESCRIPTIVETECHNIQUES FOR SPECIALFORMAT MATERIALS, EllenGarrison, 21:61.

To provide intellectual access to its re-search-level collections of 78- and 45-RPM sound recordings, the Center forPopular Music at Middle TennesseeState University combined an in-houseitem level database with a collectionlevel USMARC archival controlrecords in a national bibliographic util-ity. This article explores the rationalefor the development of this access sys-tem, examines the system in depth, anddiscusses the feasibility of employingarchival collection management tech-niques for other forms of publishedmaterial traditionally cataloged biblio-graphically.

83NORTH DAKOTA’S FORGOTTENHERITAGE DIMLY REMEMBERED,Gerald G. Newborg, 14:79.

While the individual state assessmentreports provided accurate descriptionsof the conditions as they existed at thattime, those conditions and needs con-tinue to evolve. Using North Dakota’sexperience as an example, the authorargues that the value of the state assess-ment reports lies in the fact that theycan serve as benchmarks and as thebasis for realistic planning documents.Follow-up studies are needed to con-tinue the planning process and to in-terpret achievements and shortcomings.

ABSTRACTS 31

84OBERLIN COLLEGE AND THEMOVEMENT TO ESTABLISH ANARCHIVES, 1920-1966, Roland M.Baumann, 13:27.

Acquiring an appreciation for an archi-val program’s history is one of severalsteps to be taken by an archivist wheninvolved in planning or self-study ex-ercises. This is an especially importantstep for a new appointee who succeedsan archivist who held the position for along period of time. This article de-scribes the conflict and issues surround-ing the establishment of an archives atOberlin College. As a case study,Oberlin is considered somewhat atypi-cal. While the study will add to our un-derstanding of the development of ar-chives in the United States, it was writ-ten in order to educate institutional re-source allocators on past issues and toadvance specific archival program ob-jectives.

85ONLINE ARCHIVAL CATALOGINGAND PUBLIC ACCESS ATMINNESOTA HISTORICALSOCIETY, Dennis Meissner, 17:31.

In the process of developing an onlinepublic access catalog to serve its users,the Minnesota Historical Society has hadto solve problems concerning the con-tent of catalog records, system selection,portability of machine-readable recordsbetween systems, retrospective conver-sion of information in manual formats,and compatibility of bibliographic dataabout information resources in multiplephysical formats. The process was ac-celerated by the management goal ofimplementing central reference for all thesociety’s collections when a new StateHistory Center opened in 1992. The re-

sults have included commitment to theUSMARC AMC format for catalogrecords; commitment to retrospectiveconversion since central reference re-quires a comprehensive catalog; use ofRLIN as well as membership in a state-wide network (MSUS/PALS) that actsboth as a local (institutional) catalog anda network union catalog; and increasingawareness of the role of the cataloger infacilitating or frustrating research.

86OUT OF THE HOLLINGER BOX:THE ARCHIVIST AS ADVOCATE,Archie Motley, 9:65.

This article is predicated on the firmconviction that archival activists havecontributed much to the democratiza-tion and improvement of our profes-sional organizations and have helpedus to recognize the relationships be-tween our work and the world aroundus. (Article excerpt.)

87OUTWARD VISIONS, INWARDGLANCE: ARCHIVES HISTORYAND PROFESSIONAL IDENTITY,Barbara L. Craig, 17:113.

Archivists looking out beyond theirstacks and strong rooms, have unset-tling visions of the revolution in com-munications and its future impact. Eventhe word archives, quickly transformedinto a verb, has been hijacked by dataprofessionals who are “archiving” dataevery day. How do we acquire newskills yet still retain a distinct identityin this new records market with itsabundant variety of information spe-cialists and data managers on offer?Knowledge of new skills is important,but it must be honed by a sense of ourwider purpose in the ecology of records


which is largely derived from a thor-ough understanding of our past. Froma sense of continuity with archives his-tory comes perspective and purpose. Ifwe grasp the history of archives and ofrecords-keeping, in all their abundantvariety, we will be well placed for astrong professional response to both themeans and the modes of modern dis-course.

88PARTNERSHIP ANDOPPORTUNITIES: THE ARCHIVALMANAGEMENT OF GEOGRAPHICINFORMATION SYSTEMS, AnnZimmerman, 20:23.

This article provides an overview ofgeographic information systems (GISs)technology and applications. It dis-cusses its implications for archives, in-cluding a review of the existing litera-ture. Finally, the article recommends astrategy for managing such systemsbased on the study of an environmen-tal GIS application in a federal researchcenter and on the vision recently ex-pressed by David Bearman and Mar-garet Hedstrom. A multi-staged ap-proach to the archival management ofGISs is recommended and new partner-ships are suggested to aid archivists inthe future management of these sys-tems.

89PLANNING IS PROLOGUE: THEPLANNING PROCESS AND THEARCHIVAL PROFESSION, Stephen G.McShane, 15:109.

Over the past fifty years, to underscorethe importance of their work, archivistsin the United States have promoted themotto, etched over the portico of theNational Archives in Washington, “The

Past is Prologue”. Since the late 1970s,however, increasing numbers of archi-vists have adopted a modified versionof that motto, “Planning is Prologue.”This paper presents a brief historicaloverview of efforts to plan for the ar-chival profession, particularly thoseundertaken by the Society of AmericanArchivists, and notes the striking simi-larity of the SAA’s most recent plan-ning exercises to those used by manybusiness and nonprofit organizations.

90POLITICS AND THE PROFESSION,Allan Spear, 9:75.

Whatever we do, or do not do, is po-litical. We should, therefore, try to un-derstand that and then attempt to de-termine, in as humane and responsiblea way as we can, when and how weshould act on the great issues of ourtime. (Article excerpt.)

91PRESERVATION OF ACETATE DISCSOUND RECORDINGS AT GEORGIASTATE UNIVERSITY, Christopher AnnPaton, 16:11.

When the special Collections Depart-ment at Georgia State University (GSU)discovered instantaneous disc sound re-cordings in acquisitions relating to theGSU Popular Music Collection, the ar-chivists on the staff were unpreparedto properly identify and preserve suchmaterials. After searching for relevantliterature and technical assistance forseveral years, the archivists at GSUeventually learned how to properly carefor the recordings, developed proce-dures for producing archival preserva-tion copies, and located a laboratory tohandle the re-recording process. Theauthor comments on the need for ar-

ABSTRACTS 33

chivists to become more knowledge-able about sound recording technologyand offers recommendations to improvethe care of sound recordings in ar-chives.

92PRESERVING CHICAGOSYMPHONY ORCHESTRABROADCAST TAPES, Brenda Nelson-Strauss, 16:21.

In the last decade archivists, especiallythose with music and oral history col-lections, have become increasinglyconcerned about the lifespan of audiotape, yet few archives have institutedcomprehensive preservation policiesfor sound recordings. The ChicagoSymphony Orchestra Archives, deter-mined to preserve the sound of the or-chestra, embarked on a major audiotape restoration project in 1988. Theauthor describes the difficulties expe-rienced in collecting, appraising, andrestoring the audio tape collection andsummarizes the most current literatureon audio tape preservation. In conclu-sion, she urges all repositories with re-corded sound collections to view re-cordings as important musical and his-torical documents and treat them ac-cordingly.

93PROCESSING EXTREMELY LARGECOLLECTIONS OF HISTORICALPHOTOGRAPHS, Thomas D. Norris,10:129.

The photo-archivist frequently encoun-ters large collections to which tradi-tional item-oriented processing tech-niques are poorly suited. The authordraws on his experience with projectsat the Sacramento History Center(1,000,000 negatives from a newspa-

per photo morgue) and at the Califor-nia State Railroad Museum (100,000photographic images, mostly prints) todiscuss an overall approach to the ap-praisal and weeding, arrangement anddescription, and conservation of largephoto collections. He discusses appro-priate division and specialization oflabor on such projects and argues that“something is better than nothing” inimproving access.

94PUBLIC-KEY ENCRYPTION ANDTHE CLIPPER CHIP: IMPLICATIONSFOR THE ARCHIVALADMINISTRATION OFELECTRONIC RECORDS, NicholasScalera, 20:65.

The advent of available, inexpensivepowerful encryption software based onthe virtually “uncrackable” RSA algo-rithms, coupled with the Clintonadministration’s response in the form ofthe Clipper Chip proposal, has produceda heated public debate which extends farbeyond technical issues to the very coreof the constitutional rights and freedomsof American citizens. The ability whichthis technology offers to private citizens(or to governments, businesses, and otherinstitutions) of encrypting digitally com-municated materials, with privacy pro-tection unassailable by even the mostsophisticated code-breaking super com-puters of the National Security Agency,presents both serious threats and chal-lenging opportunities to archivists al-ready struggling with the managementof electronic records. Thus, it is neces-sary for archivists to become aware ofthe nature and development of this pow-erful form of encryption, thegovernment’s response through the clip-per chip proposal, and the associated is-


sues of individual privacy and public se-curity. Moreover, archivists should con-sider how encryption might be employedto facilitate the archival management ofelectronic records.

95RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ANELECTRONIC RECORDSMANAGEMENT SYSTEM: A CASESTUDY OF A SMALL BUSINESS.William E. Landis and Robert Royce,20:7.

The electronic records project under-way at the University of Pittsburgh haspromulgated functional requirementsfor record-keeping systems intended tobe applicable to any setting. In fact,many components of these require-ments delineate what should be “bestpractice” for the immediate and long-term design and management of elec-tronic systems of all kinds regardlessof their status as producers of records.As such, they clearly indicate the trans-ferability and relevance of archivalprinciples and practice to many facetsof information technology applications.The authors have attempted to demon-strate this relevance by applying thesefunctional requirements to the elec-tronic files created by a graphic designcompany. Additionally, they recom-mend a balance of software and policyimplementations appropriate for ratio-nalizing the company’s management ofelectronic records.

96THE RECORDS: WHERE ARCHIVALUNIVERSALITY LIES, LucianaDuranti, 19:83.

Media of communication, particularlymaterial media, are seen by some as themain factor of an increasing cultural in-tegration towards Marshall McLuhan’sglobal village, and by others as the corecomponent of a common supra-nationaland supra-ethnical culture. Archivistsin North America have tended to actfrom within their own culture, and toreject the idea of a universal body ofknowledge, on the grounds that recordsare unique expressions of unique soci-eties. Will they be able to cope with theglobal record of a very close futurewithout the support of a global concep-tual underpinning? This article main-tains that, albeit unrecognized by many,a common body of theoretical andmethodological archival knowledgehas existed for a long time and hasguided the practices of archival profes-sionals everywhere, and that such bodyof knowledge rests on the universalnature of records, a nature that will al-low archivists to cope with the chal-lenges presented by the new globalforms of communication.This article is a revision of the PlenaryAddress given by the author at the Mid-west Archives Conference Meeting,October 14-16, 1993, in Davenport,Iowa.

97RECOVERING FROM A MAJORDISASTER, Jean Marie Deken, 9:27.

If you believe in the techniques of as-trologers, you might consider consult-ing one to predict the fortunes of yourarchives, but even an astrologer will notclaim to be able to protect you from

ABSTRACTS 35

your “star-crossed” fate. Disaster isbound to happen; it’s in the stars. Haveyou ever thought about it? What willyou do? Let’s take a little time to thinkthe unthinkable: let’s create an ar-chives, subject it to calamity, and thenlook at the various procedures neces-sary for coping and recovering. (Article

excerpt.)

98A REPOSITORY ARCHIVIST ONCAPITOL HILL , Connell B. Gallagher,16:49.

The receipt of large twentieth-centurypolitical collections can be a cripplingexperience for a moderately sized ar-chival repository. A proactive approachcan , however, soften the blow by per-mitting the archivist to (1) understanda working congressional office and (2)appraise the papers en scene before theyare packed. As a result the repositorywill receive a smaller, more organizedcollection with a preliminary findingaid, and the archivist will be in a betterposition to provide service on the pa-pers soon.

99RESEARCH IN PRESIDENTIALLIBRARIES: A USER SURVEY, PaulConway, 11:35.

Improved information about actual us-ers is a key element in developing user-responsive archival administration. Thefindings of a 1984 survey of research-ers in four presidential libraries aresummarized. Rather than compare li-braries, the study identified patterns ofbehavior within groups of researchers.The questionnaire collected informa-tion well beyond what is available onstandard registration forms and linkedresearchers with the basic elements of

reference service: preliminary corre-spondence, orientation interviews, anddirect reference room assistance. Thefindings emphasize the academic affili-ation (faculty, students) of over three-quarters of respondents and the pre-dominance of traditional political anddiplomatic topics of study. Research-ers generally have made some advancepreparation and have had previous re-search experience. These factors havea strong bearing on whether they ad-justed their preferred and actual re-search styles in the course of a visit.High researcher satisfaction ultimatelyhas more to do with whether they lo-cated useful archival materials thanwith the quality of particular referenceservices.

100THE RESEARCH POTENTIAL OFRELIGIOUS ARCHIVES: THEMENNONITE EXPERIENCE, David A.Haury, 11:135.

Researchers often bypass religious ar-chives when they write secular history.This article surveys seven broad areasof secular history in which religious ar-chives may offer resources: women’shistory, genealogy, economic and busi-ness history, social history, politics,education, and ethnic history. The Men-nonite Library and Archives (BethelCollege, North Newton, Kansas) servesas a case study with examples of col-lections in each area. Although the ar-ticle attempts to create awareness ofnew resources among scholars, it alsofocuses on the responsibility of reli-gious archivists to shape and publicizetheir collections for broader and moreefficient use by researchers working onless traditional topics.


101RESEARCHERS, ARCHIVISTS, ANDTHE ACCESS CHALLENGE OF THEFBI RECORDS IN THE NATIONALARCHIVES, James Gregory Bradsher,11:95.

Making available to researchers rela-tively recent Federal investigatoryrecords is an access challenge to botharchivists and researchers. In this ar-ticle, the author discusses the specificchallenges involved with the investi-gative case files of the Federal Bureauof Investigation in the National Ar-chives. These challenges relate to thedifficulties faced by those attemptingto understand the records themselves;by researchers knowing what to ask forand being able to decipher what theyreceive; and by archivists in decidingwhat information must be withheldfrom researchers, particularly as it re-lates to questions of privacy and infor-mation about and supplied by infor-mants and confidential sources.

102RICHARD BERNER’S RESPONSE [toAnn Pederson, ANALYSIS ORPRESCRIPTION: RICHARD BERNERON ARCHIVAL THEORY ANDPRACTICE, 9:34], Richard Berner,9:45.

103RLIN, AMC, AND RETROSPECTIVECONVERSION: A CASE STUDY,Patricia Cloud, 11:125.

For one year, beginning in October 1984,the Northwestern University Archiveswas involved with eleven other large re-search libraries in an archives and manu-scripts retrospective conversion projectsponsored by the Research Libraries

Group (RLG) and funded in part by agrant from the National Endowment forthe Humanities (NEH). This article isbased on the experiences of one institu-tion involved in the project, and consid-ers some of the specific steps that RLGhas taken to implement the new Archi-val and Manuscripts Control (AMC) for-mat, assesses the ways in which the newformat fits into the Research LibrariesInformation Network (RLIN) nationalbibliographic database, and recounts theexperience of creating records in RLIN.

104SCHEDULING THE GOVERNOR’SPAPERS, Bradford S. Koplowitz,12:105.

The papers of governors have estrayedfrom official custody as the result of alack of scheduled disposition. Moreoften than not, the accession of guber-natorial papers is based upon traditioninstead of sound records managementpractices. Efforts to regularize the dis-position of executive office records areincreasing, but problems still remain.This case study examines the statutoryauthority and particular circumstanceswhich resulted in a schedule for therecords of Oklahoma’s chief executive.Analysis of gubernatorial functions andrecords reveals that scheduling gover-nors’ papers is more a task of arrange-ment than of appraisal. Through com-parison of records of several adminis-trations, a listing of series descriptionswas created.

105SOAP AND EDUCATION:ARCHIVAL TRAINING, PUBLICSERVICE, AND THE PROFESSION—AN ESSAY, Elsie Freeman, 16:87.

Although archival training programs

ABSTRACTS 37

have proliferated in the past ten years,a fundamental concept has been left outof them, namely, that of service to theclient. Because service has been re-moved from training, it less and lessappears in archival work. Professionalrecognition and support will be en-hanced greatly if service to all of theprofession’s clients becomes a founda-tion of archival training programs and,therefore, archival work.

106STANDING ON THE OTHER SIDE OFTHE REFERENCE DESK, Le RoyBarnett, 19:119.

In the course of conducting research atnumerous repositories across NorthAmerica, this archivist encounteredsome incidents that did not reflect wellupon the providers of information ser-vice. Believing that we can all learnfrom the mistakes of fellow practitio-ners, the author describes some of hismore memorable vexing experiences asexamples for other institutions to avoid.Following these accounts, he offerspossible explanations for deficient ref-erence practices and shares some ideason how they can be prevented in thefuture.

107STATE ASSESSMENT REPORTSFACT SHEET, National HistoricalPublications and Records Commission(NHPRC), 14:63.

Since 1981 the National Historical Pub-lications and Records Commission hasfunded the most comprehensive assess-ment ever undertaken of historicalrecords conditions and needs in thestates. The Commission has supportedstate assessment projects in forty-eightstates and territories, and the District

of Columbia, by making grants avail-able to the state historical records ad-visory boards, gubernatorially ap-pointed boards that coordinate and planstatewide archival programs and reviewrecords grant proposals submitted to thecommission from their states. Theprojects have examined historicalrecords conditions and needs, preparedrecommendations to meet these needs,and published their findings and rec-ommendations. The attached list of fi-nal reports gives information on theiravailability and to whom requestsshould be addressed.

108A STATISTICAL SUMMARY OFAPPRAISAL DURING PROCESSING:A CASE STUDY WITHMANUSCRIPT COLLECTIONS,Richard W. Hite and Daniel J. Linke,17:23.

Recently Robert Sink called upon ar-chivists to share appraisal informationas the means of developing an empiri-cal appraisal theory. In this vein, grantstaff at the Western Reserve HistoricalSociety reviewed the quantity of mate-rials removed during processing of 136manuscript collections totalling almost1,000 feet. The review revealed thatwhile no particular subject categorycontained a preponderance of dispos-able material, the removal rate for in-dividuals’ collections was higher thanfor organizations’ collections. This isthe result of the focused nature of theorganizations, while individuals maycollect and keep whatever catches theireye.


109STORE WARS: SOME THOUGHTSON THE STRATEGY AND TACTICSOF DOCUMENTING SMALLBUSINESSES, Mark A. Greene, 16:95.

Most manuscript repositories and evenmany college and university archivescollect the records of American busi-nesses, and the archival literature hasgiven much attention to this subject, butlittle has been said about documentingsmall businesses. Documentation strat-egy, as defined by Hackman andBlewett, provides a framework for con-sidering this documentation area.“Small” business has been defined interms of absolute numbers of employ-ees and absolute dollar values of grosssales, but it may be more logical to de-fine it relatively, within a particularclass of business, narrowing the focusof a documentation strategy. “Docu-mentation strategy” founders, bothphilosophically and practically, whenit moves from defining documentationareas to assessing adequacy of exist-ing documentation and advocating thecreation of documentation.

110STRANGERS IN A STRANGE LAND:ARCHIVAL OPPORTUNITIES IN AMULTINATIONAL CORPORATION,Paul C. Lasewicz, 19:131.

As more American organizations formforeign operations, few possess suffi-cient knowledge of the internationalrecords environment to manage effec-tively the documents those new opera-tions create. This knowledge gap canhave potentially catastrophic conse-quences. And yet it also provides aunique opportunity for a proactive cor-porate archivist to significantly enhance

the utility of the archives. By globaliz-ing the archives—i.e. participating inan initiative to identify and address amultinational’s international recordsneeds—corporate archivists can be-come a vital component of theirorganization’s international risk man-agement program.

111TAPE STORY TAPESTRY:COMMENTARY, Bruce H. Bruemmer,15:86.

Bruce Bruemmer’s commentary re-flects upon the meaning of Greenstein’sexperience for archivists. Bruemmerexplores how Greenstein views the“keepers” of information and the im-plication of that view for archivists.

112TAPE STORY TAPESTRY:HISTORICAL RESEARCH WITHINACCESSIBLE DIGITALINFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES,Shane Greenstein, 15:77.

Shane Greenstein’s essay describes theauthor’s search for computer tapes in-ventorying the federal government’scomputer equipment. The difficulties ofthe hunt illustrate an ironic conse-quence of technical change: digital in-formation technologies make it incred-ibly easy to destroy what could not havebeen gathered without its invention inthe first place. The essay observes thatmany of the control and access mecha-nisms taken for granted with well-es-tablished storage media do not exist formachine-readable data.

ABSTRACTS 39

113TEAMING UP WITH TECHNOLOGY:TEAM PROCESSING, Richard W. Hiteand Daniel J. Linke, 15:91.

David used the sling to slay Goliath,and now archivists have the microchipto conquer gigantic backlogs ofrecords. A processing method devel-oped at the Western Reserve HistoricalSociety (WRHS) in Cleveland, Ohio,utilizes a word processor and a personalcomputer to expedite the arrangementand description of collections. Theword processor’s flexibility permitstwo archivists to arrange and describea collection almost simultaneously,though one archivist creates a descrip-tion list prior to arrangement. This teamprocessing method has facilitated therapid processing of several large col-lections at WRHS.

114A TECHNIQUE FOR MANUSCRIPTCOLLECTION DEVELOPMENTANALYSIS, David P. Gray, 12:91.

To better focus manuscript collectionactivity, staff of the State Archives andHistorical Research Library at the StateHistorical Society of North Dakotahave developed a technique for manu-script collection development analysis.This technique employs a systems toassess subject content and research val-ues of manuscript collections and in-cludes a statistical analysis method todetermine various collection attributes.The results of the analysis are data in-dicating collection strengths and col-lection development needs. With thisinformation archivists are better able tobuild and strengthen a manuscript col-lection.

115TOWARDS 2001: ELECTRONICWORKSTATIONS AND THE FUTUREOF ACADEMIC ARCHIVES, RaimundE. Goerler, 17:11.

The electronic workstation will enableresearchers to pull together at a singleworkstation information from a varietyof sources, including the campus ar-chives. One consequence of the work-station is that users will be over-whelmed by the extent of what can beretrieved. As a result, information re-trieval systems will increase the preci-sion of retrieval. Indexing and systemsof artificial intelligence will guide theuser from afar in selecting from thewealth of information available.Archival participation in the evolutionof information technology of the futurewill not happen automatically. None-theless, there will be several opportu-nities for archivists to convince re-source allocators of the value of invest-ing in technological improvements forinstitutional archives.

116TRANSACTIONS IN ARCHIVALCONSULTING, Virginia Stewart,10:107.

For purposes of this article, consultingis defined as an intervention of outsideexpertise to address the operating pro-cesses of an organization, with the ex-pectation of effecting change. Success-ful consulting requires a clear under-standing of the needs and expectationson the part of the client and the con-sultant. The process model of consult-ing helps to achieve this clarity byviewing a particular problem as one as-pect of the total organizational picture.The author draws on her consulting ex-


perience in organizational developmentto illustrate both positive and negativeoutcomes in three types of consultingfunctions: evaluation, planning and de-velopment, and project rescue. Evalu-ation, perhaps the most common, typi-cally involves analysis of backgroundmaterials, a site visit, and preparationof a final report. In a planning and de-velopment model, the consultant is en-gaged to assist in shaping a desiredchange or the creation of somethingnew. Project rescue entails correctionsin a stalled or foundering project or pro-gram; by implication, staff members arelikely to be threatened.

117THE USE OF USER STUDIES, WilliamJ. Maher, 11:15.

One of the most fundamental compo-nents of archival and manuscript pro-grams is the service offered to users.Despite the centrality of use to archi-val work, it has been, until recently,largely neglected. This article is in-tended to: 1) convince archivists thatanalysis of use deserves greater atten-tion; 2) outline methodologies for regu-lar analysis of daily use and for spe-cialized studies of specific aspects ofreference service; and 3) provide ex-amples of results of both kinds of userstudies.

118USING COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITYARCHIVES AS INSTRUCTIONALMATERIALS: A CASE STUDY ANDAN EXHORTATION, Mark A. Greene,14:31.

Not much has been written recentlyabout encouraging the use of primarysource materials by undergraduate andother students. Most of the attention

paid to this form of outreach has, in anyevent, been focused on manuscripts re-positories. College and university ar-chives have special difficulties con-vincing students and faculty that theirprimary sources are relevant to the cur-riculum. It is an effort that can result intangible benefits for the archives, how-ever, and should receive high priority.

119THE VISIBLE HAND: CREATING APRACTICAL MECHANISM FORCOOPERATIVE APPRAISAL, Max J.Evans, 11:7.

America’s decentralized system of gov-ernment and the tradition of pluralismhave resulted in a diffuse and uncoor-dinated national archival system. Thearchivist often is informed more bycustodial attitudes than by awarenessof a larger body of documentation. Theappraisal of records falls victim to thisheterogeneity. Appraisal is certainlyone of the archivist’s most difficult andintellectually demanding tasks and ismade even more difficult because it iscarried out without sufficient knowl-edge of the decisions made by otherarchivists at other times and in otherplaces. Improving the appraisal processdepends upon having access to a bodyof past appraisal decisions. A model forsharing such appraisal data is found injurisprudence, specifically in Anglo-American common law, where prece-dent forms the basis for future deci-sions. Mechanisms to support thismodel in the archival world might in-clude published appraisal case studies.However, a more efficient device wouldemploy an emerging national data baseof archival descriptions, expanded toinclude descriptions of active officerecords, whether or not they are sched-

ABSTRACTS 41

uled for transfer to archival custody.Such descriptions, complete with reten-tion and disposition decisions and jus-tifications for these decisions, wouldconstitute an on-line data base of sharedappraisal cases. This article discussesboth the model and the mechanisms,especially a seven-state shared ap-praisal project.

120VISUALIZING THE ARCHIVALWORK PROCESS: A SURVEY ANDINTERPRETATION, George Bain,21:47.

Would it be helpful, and is it possible,to have a pictorial representation for themanner in which practicing archivistsconduct their daily work tasks? Utiliz-ing techniques of cognitive psycholo-gists who study visualization, a surveyof practicing archivists and archivaleducators which asked them to repre-sent the archival workflow visuallyyielded telling differences that can belinked to relative experience, The lessexperienced archivists were more likelyto favor a linear view while veteransfavored a more complex form of repre-sentation. The process of conceptual-izing and creating a visual model, andthe resultant models themselves, pro-vide useful tools which can help archi-vists, and particularly archival students,understand more quickly the pattern ofdaily work activity. The results of thisexercise illustrate the need for greatervisual literacy in the archival profes-sion.

121WHAT’S DIFFERENT ABOUTRELIGIOUS ARCHIVES?, James M.O’Toole, 9:91.

Since 1973, while the percentage of ar-chivists working for academic institu-tions, another numerical mainstay ofthe profession, has remained roughlyconstant, the number of religious archi-vists has doubled. What is more, thechange has been qualitative as well asquantitative. Whereas religious archi-val programs in the past tended to befound mostly among the mainline Prot-estant denominations, religious archi-vists are now coming increasingly fromthe Roman Catholic, Jewish, and evan-gelical groups.For all this growth and diversification,however, religious archivists have notsucceeded in defining themselves ad-equately in relation to the rest of theprofession. (Article excerpt.)

122WHAT’S YOUR TOTEM?ARCHIVAL IMAGES IN THE PUBLICMIND, David B. Gracy, II, 10:17.

Achieving a positive change in thepublic’s knowledge, appreciation, un-derstanding, and support of archivalcontributions to society is fundamen-tal to our ability to continue to providesuch service. (Article excerpt.)


123WOMEN ARCHIVISTS IN THEFEDERAL GOVERNMENT: AGLASS CEILING?, Linda J. Henry,19:95.

The status of female federal archivistsin 1992 shows considerable improve-ment over their status in 1974. Never-theless, their numbers and representa-tion in the mid- and upper-level posi-tions remain lower than that of malefederal archivists. The lower numbersfurthermore constitute a pipeline prob-lem: fewer women than men are inposition for promotion to the highestlevels. This study finds that years ofgovernment service and education, twoof the most important factors in careeradvancement, account for only a smallportion of the disparity between menand women archivists. Any glass ceil-ing that exists, therefore, must dependon other factors.

124WOMEN COACHES, PERSONALPAPERS, AND UNIVERSITYARCHIVES COLLECTIONS: A CASESTUDY, Mila C. Su, 20:155.

Collegiate athletics are an importantcampus institution that tends not to beadequately documented in universityarchival collections. This is especiallytrue with regard to women’s athletics.The author presents the results of a casestudy in which she examined the per-sonal papers of four coaches ofwomen’s intercollegiate athletic teamsheld in the Penn State Archives, in or-der to assess their utility in document-ing women’s intercollegiate athletics.She concludes that existing collectionsdo not provide adequate documenta-tion, although she considers coaches’papers to be an appropriate vehicle forproviding that documentation. She sug-gests appraisal guidelines for materi-als likely to be found in coaches’ pa-pers, and argues for oral history as ameans toward filling documentarygaps.

REVIEWS 43

1An Action Agenda for the Archival

Profession: Institutionalizing thePlanning Process. A Report to SAACouncil by the Committee on Goalsand Priorities. Chicago: Society ofAmerican Archivists, 1988.Reviewed by Eric Pumroy, 14:53.

2Advocating Archives: An Introduction

to Public Relations for Archivists.Edited by Elsie Freeman Finch.Chicago: Society of AmericanArchivists, 1994. Reviewed byCheri Thies, 20:89.

3American Archival Analysis: The

Recent Development of the ArchivalProfession in the United States.Richard J. Cox. Metuchen, NewJersey: Scarecrow Press, 1990.Reviewed by Robert G. Sherer,18:149.

4Appraising the Records of Modern

Science and Technology: A Guide.Joan K. Haas, Helen Willa Samuels,and Barbara Trippel Simmons.Cambridge: Massachusetts Instituteof Technology, 1985. Reviewed byBruce H. Bruemmer, 11:145.

5Archival Choices: Managing the

Historical Record in an Age ofAbundance. Edited by Nancy E.Peace. Lexington, Massachusetts:Lexington Books, 1984. Reviewedby Nicholas C. Burckel, 10:66.

6The Archival Enterprise: Modern

Archival Principles, Practices, andManagement Techniques. Bruce W.Dearstyne. Chicago and London:American Library Association, 1993.Reviewed by Roland M. Baumann,20:97.

7Archival Gold: Managing and

Preserving Publishers’ Records.Laura M. Coles. Vancouver, BritishColumbia: Canadian Centre forStudies in Publishing, 1989.Reviewed by Todd Daniels-Howell,15:52.

8The Archival Imagination: Essays in

Honour of Hugh A. Taylor. Edited byBarbara Craig. Ottawa, Ontario:Association of Canadian Archivists,1992. Reviewed by Randy Roberts,18:68.

9The Archival Trail: An Introduction to

the Role Archives Play in Businessand Community [videorecording].Produced by Queen’s Film StudiesDepartment. Toronto: OntarioCouncil of Archives, 1991.Reviewed by Paul A. Ericksen,16:125.

10The Archives: A Guide to the National

Archives Field Branches. Loretto D.Szucs and Sandra H. Luebking. SaltLake City: Ancestry, Inc., 1988.Reviewed by Shirley J. Burton,15:51.

REVIEWS

REVIEWS 45

22Archives Assessment and Planning

Workbook. Edited by Paul H.McCarthy. Chicago: Society ofAmerican Archivists, 1989.Reviewed by William J. Maher,15:53.

23Archives Interdites: Les Peurs

Françaises face à l’HistoireContemporaine. Sonia Combe. Paris:Albin Michel, 1994. Reviewed byYves Kinossian, 20:167.

24Archives of Data-Processing History: A

Guide to Major U.S. Collections.Edited by James W. Cortada.Westport, Connecticut: GreenwoodPress, 1990. Reviewed by Kevin D.Corbitt, 17:75.

25Archives, Personal Papers, and

Manuscripts: A Cataloging Manualfor Archival Repositories, HistoricalSocieties, and Manuscript Libraries.Compiled by Steven C. Hensen.Washington, D.C.: Library ofCongress, 1983. Reviewed bySharron G. Uhler, 10:151.

26Archives, Personal Papers, and

Manuscripts: A Cataloging Manualfor Archival Repositories, HistoricalSocieties, and Manuscript Libraries.Compiled by Steven C. Hensen.Chicago: Society of AmericanArchivists, 1989. Reviewed by MarkA. Vargas, 15:58.

27Are We Losing Our Past?: Records

Preservation in the North CarolinaState Archives. David J. Olson.Raleigh, North Carolina: TheFriends of the Archives, 1989.Reviewed by Michael E. Stevens,15:56.

28Arranging and Describing Archives and

Manuscripts. Fredric M. Miller.Chicago: Society of AmericanArchivists, 1990. Reviewed byMenzi L. Behrnd-Klodt, 16:59.

29Audio Preservation: A Planning Study.

Compiled by the Association AudioArchives Committee, Association forSound Recorded Collections. FinalPerformance Report, NEH Grant PS-20021-86. 1988. Reviewed byChristopher Ann Paton. 14:97.

30Automation for Archivists and Records

Managers: Planning andImplementation Strategies. RichardM. Kesner. Chicago: AmericanLibrary Association, 1984.Reviewed by H. Thomas Hickerson,10:145.

31Basic Archival Workshops: A Handbook

for the Workshop Organizer. ThomasC. Pardo. Chicago: Society ofAmerican Archivists, 1982.Reviewed by Nancy Lankford, 9:50.


32Basic Standards for Diocesan Archives:

A Guide for Bishops, Chancellors,and Archivists. James M. O’Toole.Chicago: Association of CatholicDiocesan Archivists, 1991.Reviewed by Bill Summers, 17:162.

33Between the Landscape and Its Other.

Paul Vanderbilt. Baltimore andLondon: The John HopkinsUniversity Press, 1993. Reviewed byAnne Frantilla, 19:71.

34The Black Women in the Middle West

Project: A Comprehensive ResourceGuide, Illinois and Indiana. DarleneClark Hine, Patrick Kay Bidelman,et al. Lafayette, Indiana: PurdueResearch Foundation, University1986. Reviewed by Anne R. Kenney,12:50.

35Canadian Archival Studies and the

Rediscovery of Provenance. Editedby Tom Nesmith. Metuchen, N.J.:Scarecrow Press, 1993. Reviewed byTimothy L. Ericson, 20:82.

36The Care of Antiques and Historical

Collections. 2nd rev. ed. A. BruceMacLeish. Nashville: AmericanAssociation for State and LocalHistory, 1985. Reviewed by KennethW. Duckett, 11:147.

37Chicago City Council Proceedings

Files, 1833-1871: An Index. Editedby Robert E. Bailey, and ElaineShemoney Evans. Springfield:Illinois State Archives, 1987.Reviewed by William Cunningham,15:119.

38Chicago City Council Proceedings

Files, 1833-1871: An Inventory.Edited by Robert E. Bailey, ElaineShemoney Evans, and RuthHutchcraft. Springfield: IllinoisState Archives, 1987. Reviewed byWilliam Cunningham, 15:119.

39Civil War Records in the New York State

Archives. New York State Archives.Albany: Office of CulturalEducation, 1985. Reviewed byRobert E. Bailey, 11:141.

40Company Archives: The Survey of the

Records of 1000 of the FirstRegistered Companies in Englandand Wales. Lesley Richmond andBridget Stockford. Brookfield,Vermont: Gower PublishingCompany, 1986. Reviewed by AnneVan Camp, 12:53.

41Conflict and Change in Library

Organizations: People, Power andService. Ken Jones. London: CliveBingley Limited, 1984. Reviewed byAnne P. Diffendal, 10:138.

REVIEWS 47

42Conversion of Microfilm to Digital

Imagery: A Demonstration Project.Paul Conway. New Haven,Connecticut: Yale University Press,1996. Reviewed by Bill Landis,21:178.

43Corporate Archives and History:

Making the Past Work. Edited byArnita A. Jones, and Philip L.Cantelon. Malabar, Florida: KriegerPublishing Company, 1993.Reviewed by Liz Holum Johnson,19:144.

44A Culture at Risk: Who Cares for

America’s Heritage?. CharlesPhillips and Patricia Hogan.Nashville: American Association forState and Local History, 1984.Reviewed by Barbara J. Howe,10:146.

45DataEase [computer program]. Milford,

Connecticut: Software Solutions,1984. Reviewed by Linda J. Long,11:73.

46Day to Day: A Guide to the Records of

the Historic Day Mines Group in theUniversity of Idaho Library. Editedby Terry Abraham, and Richard C.Davis. Moscow, Idaho: Universityof Idaho Library, 1992. Reviewed byAnn J. Edelen, 18:64.

47DB Master 4 Plus [computer program].

San Rafael, California: Stoneware,Inc., 1984. Reviewed by NormaMyers Thomas, 11:81.

48dBase III [computer program]. Culver

City, California: Ashton-Tate, 1984.Reviewed by David Boutros, 11:70.

49Debates and Disclosures: Selected

Australian Writings on ArchivalTheory, 1951-1990. Edited by PeterBiskup, Kathryn Dan, ColleenMcEwen, Greg O’Shea, and GraemePowell. Canberra: AustralianSociety of Archivists, 1995.Reviewed by Valerie S. Komor,21:176.

50Describing Archival Materials: The Use

of the MARC-AMC Format. Editedby Richard P. Smiraglia. New Yorkand London: Haworth Press, 1990.Reviewed by Karen J. Baumann,19:67.

51Designing Archival Programs to

Advance Knowledge in the HealthFields. Edited by Nancy McCall andLisa A. Mix. Baltimore: JohnHopkins University, 1995. Reviewedby Lisa Gibbon, 20:174.


52Developing a Premier National

Institution: A Report from the UserCommunity to the National Archives.Page Putnam Miller. Washington,D.C.: National CoordinatingCommittee for the Promotion ofHistory, 1989. Reviewed by NancyBartlett, 15:117.

53Diary of a Dream: A History of the

National Archives IndependenceMovement. Robert M. Warner.Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press,1995. Reviewed by Miriam Kahn,20:86.

54Directory of Business Archives in the

United States and Canada. Revisionof 4th ed. Compiled by the BusinessArchives Section of the Society ofAmerican Archivists. Chicago:Society of American Archivists,1990. Reviewed by Valerie A.Metzler, 15:123.

55Directory of Archives and Manuscripts

Collections in the St. Louis Area.Association of St. Louis AreaArchivists. St. Louis: Association ofSt. Louis Area Archivists, 1985.Reviewed by Glen Gildemeister,11:148.

56Directory of Archives and Manuscripts

Repositories in the United States.2nd ed. National HistoricalPublications and RecordsCommission. New York: OryxPress, 1988. Reviewed by Bruce H.Bruemmer, 14:93.

57Directory of Archives in Milwaukee,

Ozaukee, Sheboygan, Washingtonand Waukesha Counties—State ofWisconsin. Compiled by theArchives Group of the LibraryCouncil of Metropolitan Milwaukee.Milwaukee: Library Council ofMetropolitan Milwaukee, 1985.Reviewed by Glen Gildemeister,11:148.

58Documentation Planning for the U.S.

Health Care System. Joan D.Krizack. Baltimore: John HopkinsUniversity Press, 1994. Reviewed byBrian A. Williams, 19:76.

59Documenting Diversity: A Report on

the Conference on Documenting theImmigrant Experience in the UnitedStates of America. Prepared by theConference on Documenting theImmigrant Experience PlanningCommittee. St. Paul: ImmigrationHistory Research Center, Universityof Minnesota, 1991. Reviewed byMark L. Shelstad, 17:80.

60Early Chicago, 1833-1871: A Selection

of City Council Proceedings Files.Robert E. Bailey and ElaineShemoney Evans. Springfield:Illinois State Archives, 1986.Reviewed by Pamela J. Bennett,11:144.

REVIEWS 49

61Electronic Evidence: Strategies for

Managing Records in ContemporaryOrganizations. Edited by DavidBearman and Victoria Irons Walch.Pittsburgh: Archives and MuseumInformatics, 1994. Reviewed by TomLaPorte, 20:169.

62Electronic Records Issues: A Report to

the Commission. Lisa B. Weber.National Historical Publications andRecords Commission, Reports andPapers no. 4. Washington, D.C.:National Historical Publications andRecords Commission, 1990.Reviewed by Jill M. Tatem, 17:157.

63Ethnic Genealogy: A Research Guide.

Edited by Jessie Carney Smith.Westport, Connecticut: GreenwoodPress, 1983. Reviewed by Patricia L.Adams, 10:63.

64An Evaluation of “Appraising the

Records of Modern Science andTechnology: A Guide” as an Aid toArchivists of Social Science: AReport to the National HistoricalPublications and RecordsCommission. Gary D. Saretzky.Princeton: Educational TestingService, 1986. Reviewed by GeraldG. Newborg, 11:152.

65Evaluation of Archival Institutions:

Service, Principles, and Guide toSelf Study. Report of the Task Forceon Institutional Evaluation. Chicago:Society of American Archivists,1983. Reviewed by Frederick L.Honhart, 9:47.

66An Eye for an Eye: The Untold Story of

Jewish Revenge Against theGermans in 1945. John Sack. NewYork: Harper Collins, 1993.Reviewed by Kristine L. Krueger,21:82.

67Filming Florida: Images of the

Sunshine State. Tallahassee: FloridaDepartment of State. Division ofLibrary and Information Services,Bureau of Archives and RecordsManagement. 1990. Reviewed byMyrna Williamson, 16:66.

68The First Generation of Electronic

Records Archivists in the UnitedStates: A Study inProfessionalization. Richard J. Cox.New York: Haworth Press, 1994.Reviewed by Marion Matters, 20:87.

69From the Ashes, 1872-1900: A

Selection of Documents from theProceedings Files of the ChicagoCity Council. Springfield: IllinoisState Archives, 1990. Reviewed byLinda Henry, 15:121.


70Functional Requirements for

Membership, Development &Participation Systems. DavidBearman. Archives and MuseumInformatics Technical Report No. 11.Pittsburgh: Archives and MuseumInformatics, 1990. Reviewed byJudith E. Endelmann, 17:77.

71Funding for Museums, Archives and

Special Collections. Edited byDenise Wallen and Karen Cantrell.Phoenix: Oryx Press, 1988.Reviewed by Sharron G. Uhler,14:54.

72A Future for the Past: An Assessment of

Missouri’s Historic RecordsPrograms by the State HistoricRecords Advisory Board. JeffersonCity, Missouri: Available from theMissouri Records Management andArchives Service. 1988. Reviewedby Alden Monroe, 15:124.

73A Glossary for Archivists, Manuscript

Curators, and Records Managers.Compiled by Lewis J. Bellardo andLynn Lady Bellardo. Chicago:Society of American Archivists,1990. Reviewed by Tyler O. Walters,17:81.

74Guardian of Heritage: Essays on the

History of the National Archives.Edited by Timothy Walch.Washington, D.C.: NationalArchives Trust Fund Board, 1986.Reviewed by J. Frank Cook, 11:87.

75Guide and Resources for Archival

Strategic Preservation Planning.National Association of GovernmentArchives and RecordsAdministrators. Prepared by BonnieRose Curtin. Atlanta: NAGARA,1990. Reviewed by James M.O’Toole, 16:128.

76Guide to American Indian Resource

Materials in Great PlainsRepositories. , Compiled by JosephG. Svoboda. Lincoln: University ofNebraska-Lincoln, 1983. Reviewedby Anthony R. Crawford, 10:69.

77Guide to Architectural Records in the

Oberlin College Archives. RolandM. Baumann, Jessica G. Broadwell,and Michael Morgenstern. Edited byRoland M. Baumann. Oberlin, Ohio:Oberlin College Archives, 1996.Reviewed by Tawny Nelb, 21:180.

78Guide to Catholic Indian Mission and

School Records in MidwestRepositories. Philip C. Bantin withMark G. Thiel. Milwaukee:Marquette University, 1984.Reviewed by Crawford, Anthony R.10:69.

79A Guide to Civil War Maps in the

National Archives. 2nd ed. Edited byShelby G. Bale and ConstancePotter. Washington, D.C.: NationalArchives and RecordsAdministration, 1986. Reviewed byJames M. McPherson, 13:89.

REVIEWS 51

80Guide to German Historical Sources in

North American Libraries andArchives. Anne Hope and JorgNagler. Washington, D.C.: GermanHistorical Institute, 1991. Reviewedby Christel Maass, 17:161.

81A Guide to Gertrude Hildreth Papers

and Test Collection. Gary D.Saretzky and Jane E. Davis.Princeton: Educational TestingService, 1986. Reviewed by GeraldG. Newborg, 11:152.

82The Guide to Kentucky Archival and

Manuscript Repositories. KentuckyDepartment for Libraries andArchives. Public Records Division.Frankfort, Kentucky: PublicRecords Division, 1986. Reviewedby Thomas A. Smith, 12:124.

83Guide to Photographic Collections at

the Smithsonian Institution, VolumeIII . Diane Vogt O’Connor.Washington, D.C. and London:Smithsonian Institution Press, 1992.Reviewed by John E. Carter, 18:145.

84Guide to Primary Sources in Ohio Labor

History. Compiled by Roger A.Meade and Marjorie J. Myers.Columbus: Ohio Historical Society,1980. Reviewed by Philip JamesKwik, 9:105.

85Guide to Research Collections of

Former United States Senators,1789-1982. Edited by KathrynAllamong Jacob. Washington, D.C.:Historical Office of the United StatesSenate, 1983 97th Congress, 2ndSession, Senate Document 97-41.Reviewed by David A. Horrocks,9:49.

86A Guide to Special Collections in

Kansas. Gene DeGruson, et al.Topeka, Kansas: Kansas LibraryNetwork, 1986. Reviewed byGordon O. Hendrickson, 13:87.

87A Guide to the Archives of the City of

Seattle. Edited by Scott Cline.Seattle, Washington: Office of theComptroller, 1988. Reviewed by SueGinter, 16:131.

88Guide to the Archival Collections in the

Neils Bohr Library at the AmericanInstitute of Physics. College Park,Maryland: American Institute ofPhysics, 1994. Reviewed by MarkVargas, 20:172.

89Guide to the Microfilm Edition of the

Jane Addams Papers. Edited byMary Lynn McCree Bryan. AnnArbor, Michigan: UniversityMicrofilms International, 1985.Reviewed by Mary Ann Bamberger,12:43.


90Guide to the Midwest China Oral

History Collection. Compiled byKurt Johnson. St. Paul, Minnesota:The Midwest China Center, 1983.Reviewed by H. Douglas Wright,9:56.

91Guide to the Modern Literary

Manuscript Collection in the SpecialCollections of the WashingtonUniversity Libraries. St. Louis,Missouri: Washington UniversityLibraries, 1985. Reviewed byGordon O. Hendrickson, 12:47.

92A Guide to the Oral History Collection

of the Charles Babbage Institute.William Aspray and BruceBruemmer, with the assistance ofHassan Melehy and Thomas Traub.Minneapolis: Charles BabbageInstitute, Center for the History ofInformation Processing, Universityof Minnesota, 1986. Reviewed byJames E. Fogerty, 12:44

93Guide to the Records of American

Crystal Sugar Company. DavidCarmichael, Lydia Lucas and MarionE. Matters. St. Paul: MinnesotaHistorical Society Press, 1985.Reviewed by Charles R. Schultz,12:52.

94A Guide to the Records of Minnesota’s

Public Lands. Gregory Kinney andLydia Lucas. St. Paul: MinnesotaHistorical Society Press, 1985.Reviewed by WIlliam G. Myers,12:51.

95A Guide to Women’s History Resources

at the American Heritage Center.Compiled by Jennifer King andMark L. Shelstad. Laramie,Wyoming: American HeritageCenter, University of Wyoming,1994. Reviewed by Karen M.Mason, 19:146.

96Guide to the University of Illinois

Archives. Maynard Brichford andWilliam J. Maher. Urbana:University of Illinois Library andUniversity Archives, 1986.Reviewed by William K. Beatty,12:112.

97Guide to the Women’s History Sources in

the Oberlin College Archives.Compiled by Pamela Kirwin Adams,Alexandra Weil, and Roland M.Baumann. Edited by Roland M.Baumann. Oberlin, Ohio: GertrudeF. Jacob Archival Publications Fund,Oberlin College, 1990. Reviewed bySusan A. Stepka, 17:156.

98Guides to Archives and Manuscript

Collections in the United States: AnAnnotated Bibliography. Compiledby Donald L. DeWitt. Westport,Connecticut: Greenwood Press,1994. Reviewed by Mark L.Shelstad, 19:149.

99The Gutenberg Elegies: The Fate of

Reading in an Electronic Age. SvenBikerts. New York: FawcettColumbine Books, 1994. Reviewedby Timothy L. Ericson, 21:73.

REVIEWS 53

100A Heritage at Risk: The Proceedings of

the Evangelical Archives ConferenceJuly 13-15, 1988. EvangelicalArchives Conference. Wheaton,Illinois: Billy Graham Center,Wheaton College, 1988. Reviewedby Sara Shutkin, 15:54.

101Heritage Preservation: A Resource

Book for Congregations. David A.Haury. Newton, Kansas: HistoricalCommittee, General ConferenceMennonite Church, and Fresno,California: Historical Commissionof the General Conference ofMennonite Bretheran Churches,1993. Reviewed by Thelma Boeder,19:68.

102The High Technology Company: A

Historical Research and ArchivalGuide. Bruce H. Bruemmer andSheldon Hochheiser. Minneapolis:Charles Babbage Institute,University of Minnesota, 1989.Reviewed by Edward Rider, 14:98.

103Historical Consciousness in the Early

Republic: The Origins of StateHistorical Societies, Museums, andCollections, 1791-1861. Edited byH. G. Jones. Chapel Hill: NorthCarolina Society, Inc. and NorthCarolina Collections, 1995.Reviewed by Luke Gilliland-Swetland, 21:184.

104Information Design: The Design and

Evaluation of Signs and PrintedMaterial. Edited by Ronald Easterbyand Harm Zwaga. Chichester, U.K.:John Wiley and Sons, 1984.Reviewed by Paul Conway, 10:137.

105Information Management: Machine-

Readable Records andAdministration: An AnnotatedBibliography. Compiled and editedby Richard M. Kesner. Chicago:Society of American Archivists,1983. Reviewed by Marion E.Matters, 10:76.

106Information Resources for Archivists

and Records Administrators: AReport and Recommendations.Victoria Irons Walch. Albany, NewYork: National Association ofGovernment Archives and RecordsAdministrators, 1987. Reviewed byDavid Klaassen, 12:118.

107Inside Hanoi’s Secret Archives: Solving

the MIA Mystery. MalcolmMcConnel and Ted Schweitzer. NewYork: Simon & Schuster, 1995.Reviewed by Jeremy Green, 21:75.

108Keepers of our Past: Local Historical

Writing in the United States, 1820s-1930s. David J. Russo. Westport,Connecticut: Greenwood Press,1988. Reviewed by Roland M.Baumann, 14:49.


109Keeping Your Past: A Basic Guide to

the Care and Preservation ofPersonal Papers. Kansas City AreaArchivists. [Kansas City, Missouri:Kansas City Area Archivists], 1987.Reviewed by Michael E. Stevens,15:56.

110Kentucky Archival and Manuscript

Collections: Volume One. KentuckyDepartment for Libraries andArchives. Frankfort: KentuckyDepartment for Libraries andArchives, 1989. Reviewed byChristopher Waldrep, 14:55.

111The Khlebnikov Archive: Unpublished

Journal (1800-1837) and TravelNotes (1820, 1822, and 1824).Leonid Shur. Translated by JohnBisk. The Rasmussen LibraryHistorical Translation Series, vol. 5.[S.l.]: University of Alaska Press,1990. Reviewed by Larry Lynch,17:78.

112Libraries and Archives: Design and

Renovation with a PreservationPerspective. Susan GarretsonSwartzburg, Holly Bussey, andFrank Garretson. Metuchen, NewJersey: Scarecrow Press, 1991.Reviewed by Gregor Trinkaus-Randall, 18:151.

113The Life of a Document: A Global

Approach to Archives and RecordsManagement. Carol Couture andJean-Yves Rousseau. Translated byDavid Hornel. Montreal, Canada:Vehicule Press, 1987. Reviewed byAnne P. Diffendal, 12:113.

114List of Pre-1847 Court Records in the

State Archives. New York StateArchives. Albany: Office of CulturalEducation, 1984. Reviewed byRobert E. Bailey, 11:141.

115Local History, National Heritage:

Reflections on the History of theAASLH. Nashville: AmericanAssociation for State and LocalHistory, 1991. Reviewed by GregoryKinney, 17:159.

116A MAD User Guide. Michael Cook and

Margaret Proctor. Aldershot,England and Brookfield, Vermont:Gower Publishing Company, 1989.Reviewed by Susan E. Davis, 16:63.

117The Management of College and

University Archives. William J.Maher. Metuchen, New Jersey:Scarecrow Press, 1992. Reviewed byRaimund E. Goerler, 18:66.

118Managing Archival and Manuscript

Repositories. Thomas Wilsted andWilliam Nolte. Chicago: Society ofAmerican Archivists, 1991.Reviewed by Richard J. Cox,16:123.

REVIEWS 55

119Managing Archives and Archival

Institutions. Edited by JamesGregory Bradsher. Chicago:University of Chicago Press, 1989.Reviewed by Sue E. Holbert, 14:50.

120Managing Business Archives. Edited by

Colleen Pritchard. Canberra:Australian Society of Archivists,1987. Reviewed by Jean Toll,14:100.

121Managing Institutional Archives:

Foundational Principles andPractices. Richard J, Cox. Westport,Connecticut: Greenwood Press,1992. Reviewed by Thomas Wilsted,19:73.

122A Manual for Small Archives.

Association of British ColumbiaArchivists. Small ArchivesCommittee. Burnaby: Associationof British Columbia Archivists,1988. Reviewed by Mark A. Greene,14:96.

123Manual of Archival Description. 2nd ed.

Michael Cook and Margaret Proctor.Aldershot, England and Brookfield,Vermont: Gower PublishingCompany, 1989. Reviewed by SusanE. Davis, 16:63.

124A Manual of Sound Archive

Administration. Alan Ward.Aldershot, England and Brookfield,Vermont: Gower PublishingCompany, 1990. Reviewed byChristopher Ann Paton, 17:154.

125MARC for Archives and Manuscripts: A

Compendium of Practice. Max J.Evans, and Lisa B. Weber. Madison:State Historical Society ofWisconsin, 1985. Reviewed byPatricia Cloud, 11:85.

126MARC for Archives and Manuscripts:

The AMC Format. Nancy Sahli.Chicago: Society of AmericanArchivists, 1985. Reviewed byElaine D. Engst, 11:88.

127MARCON II [computer program].

Baltimore, Maryland: AIRS, Inc.,1984. Reviewed by Lorraine S.Perry, 11:78.

128May It Please the Court: The Most

Significant Oral Arguments MadeBefore the Supreme Court Since1955. Peter Irons and StephanieGuitton. New York: The New Press,1995. Reviewed by Jim Peterson,21:84.


129A Modern Archives Reader: Basic

Readings on Archival Theory andPractice. Edited by Maygene F.Daniels and Timothy Walch.Washington, D.C.: NationalArchives Trust Fund Board, 1984.Reviewed by Maynard Brichford,10:136.

130Museum Archives: An Introduction.

William A. Deiss. Chicago: Societyof American Archivists, 1984.Reviewed by Doris E. C.Hambacher, 9:103.

131Museum Public Relations. G. Donald

Adams. Nashville: AmericanAssociation for State and LocalHistory, 1983. Reviewed by TimothyL. Ericson, 10:139.

132Museums for a New Century: A Report

of the Commission on Museums for aNew Century. Washington, D.C.:American Association of Museums,1984. Reviewed by Larry J.Hackman, 10:143.

133Native American Archives: An

Introduction. John A. Fleckner.Chicago: Society of AmericanArchivists, 1984. Reviewed byPhilip C. Bantin, 10:135.

134Newspapers in the Library: New

Approaches to Management andReference Work. Lois Upham. NewYork: Haworth Press, 1988.Reviewed by Raimund E. Goerler,13:86.

135Non-Standard Collection Management.

Edited by Michael Pearce.Aldershot, England and Brookfield,Vermont: Ashgate PublishingCompany, 1992. Reviewed byMarilyn I. Levinson, 18:148.

136Oral History Cataloging Manual.

Compiled by Marion Matters.Chicago: Society of AmericanArchivists, 1995. Reviewed by CraigWright, 20:173.

137Oral History: An Interdisciplinary

Anthology. David K. Dunaway andWilla K. Baum. Nashville:American Association for State andLocal History, 1984. Reviewed byJames E. Fogerty, 10:71.

138Ordinary People and Everyday Life:

Perspectives on the New SocialHistory. Edited by James B. Gardnerand George Rollie Adams.Nashville: American Association forState and Local History, 1983.Reviewed by Katharine T. Corbett,10:67.

REVIEWS 57

139An Ounce of Prevention: A Handbook

on Disaster Contingency Planningfor Information Managers inArchives, Libraries, and RecordCentres. John P. Barton. Edited byJohanna G. Wellheiser. Toronto:Toronto Area Archivists GroupEducation Foundation, 1985.Reviewed by Lynn Wolf Gentzler,12:115.

140Our Family, Our Town: Essays on

Family and Local History Sources inthe National Archives. Compiled byTimothy Walch. Washington, D.C.:National Archives and RecordsAdministration, 1987. Reviewed byGeorge W. Bain, 13:39.

141Our Past Before Us: A Five-Year

Regional Plan for METRO’sArchives and Historical RecordsProgram, July 1, 1989-June 30,1994. METRO MiscellaneousPublication No. 41. New York:METRO, 1989. Reviewed by JamesGregory Bradsher, 16:60.

142Partners in Research: Improving Access

to the Nation’s Archives, UserStudies at the National Archives andRecords Administration. PaulConway. Pittsburgh: Archives andMuseum Informatics, 1994.Reviewed by Susan Tejada, 20:170.

143Partners in Research: Improving Access

to the Nation’s Archives. Conway,Paul Pittsburgh: Archives andMuseum Informatics, 1994.Reviewed by Kevin D. Corbitt,20:80.

144PC-File III [computer program].

Bellvue, Washington: ButtonWare,1984. Reviewed by Hampton Smith,11:79.

145PFS/File, PFS/Report [computer

program]. Mountain View,California: Software PublishingCorporation, 1982. Reviewed byLinda S. Kline, 11:71.

146Planning for the Archival Profession: A

Report of the SAA Task Force onGoals and Priorities. Society ofAmerican Archivists. Task Force onGoals and Priorities Chicago:Society of American Archivists,1986. Reviewed by James A.Nelson, 11:151.

147Popular Culture and Libraries. Edited

by Frank W. Hoffman. Hamden,Connecticut: The Shoe String Press,1985. Reviewed by Kenn Thomas,10:150.


148A Practical Introduction to

Videohistory: The SmithsonianInstitution and Alfred P. SloanFoundation Experiment. Edited byTerri A. Schorzman. Malabar,Florida: Krieger PublishingCompany, 1993. Reviewed by JamesE. Fogerty, 20:83.

149Preservation and Conservation of Sci-

Tech Materials. Edited by EllisMount. New York: Haworth Press,1987. Reviewed by George Hing Ng,13:44.

150Preservation Needs in State Archives.

National Association of GovernmentArchives and RecordsAdministrators. Albany, New York:National Association of GovernmentArchives and RecordsAdministrators, 1986. Reviewed byDuane P. Swanson, 11:154.

151Preservation of Historical Records.

Committee on Preservation ofHistorical Records, NationalResearch Council. Washington,D.C.: National Academy Press,1986. Reviewed by Judith Fortson-Jones, 12:1,46.

152Preservation Papers of the 1991 SAA

Annual Conference. Compiled byKaren Garlick. Chicago: Society ofAmerican Archivists, 1992.Reviewed by Elisabeth Wittman,18:152.

153Preserving Archives and Manuscripts.

Mary Lynn Ritzenthaler. Chicago:Society of American Archivists,1993. Reviewed by Beth L. Patkus,19:148.

154Pro-Cite 2.0 [computer program]. Ann

Arbor, Michigan: PersonalBibliographic Software, Inc., [n.d.].Reviewed by Alice M. Cornell andMark Palkovic, 17:157.

155Protecting Your Collections: A Manual

of Archival Security. GregorTrinkaus-Randall. Chicago: Societyof American Archivists, 1995.Reviewed by Laura Graedel, 20:176.

156Public Accountability and our

Documentary Heritage: TheIndiana Access to Public RecordsLaw. J. Thomas Brown.Indianapolis: Society of IndianaArchivists, 1988. Reviewed byLouise Martin, 14:51.

157Recognizing Leadership and

Partnership: A Report on theCondition of Historical Records inthe States and Efforts to EnsureTheir Preservation and Use. VictoriaIrons Walch. Des Moines: Councilof State Historical RecordsCoordinators, 1993. Reviewed byWilliam J. Maher, 19:74.

REVIEWS 59

158Records Management for Parishes and

Schools. Compiled by David P. Gray.Detroit: Association of CatholicDiocesan Archivists, 1986.Reviewed by Jerry Hiland, 11:149.

159Records Management Handbook for

United States Senate Committees.Karen Dawley Paul. Washington,D.C.: Senate Historical Office,1988. Reviewed by Kim Efird,13:85.


United States Senators and TheirArchival Repositories. Karen DawleyPaul. Washington, D.C.: Secretaryof the Senate, 1992. Reviewed byTodd J. Daniels-Howell, 19:70.


United States Senators and TheirRepositories. Karen Dawley Paul,under the direction of Jo-Anne L.Coe. Washington, D.C.: UnitedStates Historical Office, 1985.Reviewed by Sandra ShafferVanDoren, 11:155.

162Reference Services in Archives. Edited

by Lucille Whalen. New York:Haworth Press, 1986. Reviewed byRuth Ellen Bauer, 11:142.

163Report by the Committee on the Records

of Government. Washington, D.C.:Sponsored through private fundingby the American Council of LearnedSocieties, the Social ScienceResearch Council, and the Councilon Library Resources. 1985.Reviewed by Roland M. Baumann,11:83.

164Research Guide to the Turner Movement

in the United States. Compiled byEric Pumroy and KatjaRampelmann. Westport,Connecticut: Greenwood Press,1996. Reviewed by Matthew T.Schaefer, 21:182.

165Researching Modern Evangelicalism: A

Guide to the Holdings of the BillyGraham Center, With Information onOther Collections. Compiled byRobert D. Shuster, JamesStambaugh, and Ferne Weimer.Westport, Connecticut: GreenwoodPress, 1990. Reviewed by Charles R.Elston, 17:152.

166Resources for the History of Computing:

A Guide to U.S. and CanadianRecords. Edited by Bruce H.Bruemmer. Minneapolis: CharlesBabbage Institute, 1987. Reviewedby Ira R. Berlin, 13:40.

167RLG Digital Image Access Project.

Edited by Patricia A. McClung.Mountain View, California: TheResearch Libraries Group, 1995.Reviewed by Greg Kinney, 21:174.


168The Role of Archives and Records

Management in NationalInformation Systems: A RAMPStudy. Rev. ed. James B. Rhoads.Paris: UNESCO, 1989. Reviewedby Philip N. Cronenwett, 16:62.

169The Russian Century: A Photographic

History of Russia’s 100 Years. BrianMoynahan. New York: RandomHouse, 1994. Reviewed by RhondaJ. Huber, 21:78.

170Savvy PC 4.0 [computer program].

Albuquerque, New Mexico:Excalibur Technologies Corporation,1984. Reviewed by Christopher AnnPaton, 11:76.

171Savvy PC 5.1 [computer program].

Albuquerque, New Mexico: TheSavvy Corporation, 1985. Reviewedby Christopher Ann Paton, 11:76.

172Sci-Tech Archives and Manuscript

Collections. Edited by Ellis Mount.New York: Haworth Press, 1989.Reviewed by Dennis E. Meissner,15:122.

173A Select Bibliography on Business

Archives and Records Management.Compiled and edited by Karen M.Benedict. Chicago: Society ofAmerican Archivists, 1981.Reviewed by Thomas C. Pardo,9:52.

174Selected Records in the New York State

Archives Relating to Women:Descriptive List. New York StateArchives. Albany: Office of CulturalEducation, 1985. Reviewed byRobert E. Bailey, 11:141.

175Selected Records Relating to New York

State Canals. New York StateArchives. Albany: Office of CulturalEducation, 1985. Reviewed byRobert E. Bailey, 11:141.

176Selecting and Appraising Archives and

Manuscripts. F. Gerald Ham.Chicago: Society of AmericanArchivists, 1993. Reviewed by MarkA. Greene, 18:146.

177Social Action Collections at the State

Historical Society of Wisconsin: AGuide. Menzi L. Behrnd-Klodt andCarolyn J. Mattern. Madison: StateHistorical Society of Wisconsin,1983. Reviewed by Patrick M.Quinn, 9:54.

178Society of American Archivists Case

Study Series. Chicago: Society ofAmerican Archivists, 1995-1996.Reviewed by Frank Boles, 21:169.

179The Source: A Guidebook of American

Genealogy. Edited by Arlene Eakleand Johni Cerny. Salt Lake City:Ancestry Publishing Company,1984. Reviewed by Lynn WolfGentzler, 10:141.

REVIEWS 61

180Stalin’s Letters to Molotov: 1925-1936.

Edited by Lars T. Lih, Oleg V.Haumov, and Oleg V. Khlevniuk.Translated from the Russian byCatherine A. Fitzpatrick. NewHaven, Connecticut: YaleUniversity Press, 1995. Reviewed byThomas F. Jorsch, 21:80.

181Standards for Archival Description: A

Handbook. Compiled by VictoriaIrons. Chicago: Society of AmericanArchivists, 1994. Reviewed byChristopher Densmore, 19:143.

182Standing the Test of Time: Quality

Assurance for State and LocalGovernment Records Microfilming.Edited by Linda James and Sue E.Holbert. St. Paul: MinnesotaHistorical Society, 1986. Reviewedby Thomas D. Norris, 12:123.

183Starting an Archives. Elizabeth Yakel.

Metuchen, New Jersey: Society ofAmerican Archivists and ScarecrowPress, 1994. Reviewed by SharronG. Uhler, 19:151.

184Strengthening New York’s Historical

Records Programs: A Self-StudyGuide. New York State Archives andRecords Administration. [Albany]:New York State Archives andRecords Administration, 1989.Reviewed by Tim Cary. 14:95.

185A Summary Guide to Local

Governmental Records in the IllinoisRegional Archives. Edited by RobertE. Bailey, Elaine Shemoney Evans,and Barbara Heflin. Springfield:Illinois State Archives, Office of theState, 1992. Reviewed by Victor S.Wagher, 18:70.

186Teaching with Documents: Using

Primary Sources from the NationalArchives. National Archives andRecords Administration and theNational Council for the SocialStudies. Washington, D.C.: NationalArchives Trust Fund Board, 1989.Reviewed by Matt Blessing, 15:118.

187The Diary of Jack the Ripper: The

Discovery, the Investigation, theDebate. Shirley Harrison. New York:Hyperion, 1993. Reviewed byBonita J. Shucha, 21:85.

1883480 Class Tape Cartridge Drives and

Archival Data Storage: TechnologyAssessment Report. Thomas E. Weir.National Archives TechnicalInformation Paper No. 4.Washington, D.C.: Department ofCommerce, 1988. Reviewed byFrederick L. Honhart, 13:88.


189Two Hundred Years of Catholic Record

Keeping in America: Current Issuesand Responsibilities. Edited byFrederic J. Stielow, John J. Treanor,and Timothy A. Slavin. Chicago:Association of Catholic DiocesanArchivists, 1990. Reviewed byFrancis X. Blouin, 17:151.

190Understanding Progress as Process:

Documentation of the History ofPost-War Science and Technology inthe United States. Edited by Clark A.Elliott. Final Report of the JointCommittee on Archives of Scienceand Technology. Chicago: Societyof American Archivists, 1983.Reviewed by Paul G. Anderson,10:64

191UNESCO, ICA and Archives in the

Modern World: Essays from theUNESCO Journal of InformationScience, Librarianship and ArchivesAdministration. Edited by Alan Ives.Wagga Wagga, Australia: Riverina-Murray Institute of Highereducation, 1987. Reviewed by DebraBarr, 16:121.

192The United States Expands West, 1785-

1842 [kit]. Boca Raton, Florida:National Archives and Social IssuesResources Series, 1990. Reviewedby Lucia Dunn, 17:76.

193Universal Access to E-Mail: Feasibility

and Societal Implications. Robert H.Anderson and Tora K. Bikson. SantaMonica, California: RandCorporation, 1995. Reviewed byBruce Henstell, 21:172.

194University Archives in ARL Libraries.

Association of Research Libraries,The Systems and ProceduresExchange Center, SPEC Kit 107Washington, D.C.: Association ofResearch Libraries, 1984. Reviewedby Penelope Krosch, 10:148.

195Watergate: The Corruption of American

Politics and the Fall of RichardNixon. Edited by Fred Emery. NewYork: Times Books, 1994.Reviewed by Nicholas P. Weber,21:89.

196White House E-Mail: The Top Secret

Messages The Reagan/Bush WhiteHouse Tried to Destroy. Edited byTom Blanton. New York: NewPress, 1995. Reviewed by JulieThomas, 21:87.

197Windows of the Past. Roy C. Turnbaugh

with Robert E. Bailey. Springfield:Illinois State Archives, 1983.Reviewed by Robert G. Marshall,9:106.

REVIEWS 63

198Wisconsin Task Force on Court and

Local Government Records: FinalReport. Madison: State HistoricalSociety of Wisconsin, 1990.Reviewed by Duane P. Swanson,16:65.

199Without Consent: The Ethics of

Disclosing Personal Information inPublic Archives. Heather MacNeil.Metuchen, New Jersey: ScarecrowPress, 1992. Reviewed by StephenM. Charter, 18:63.

200The WPA Guide to Minnesota. Compiled

and written by the Federal Writer’sProject of the Works ProgressAdministration, with a newintroduction by Frederick Manfred.St. Paul, Minnesota: MinnesotaHistorical Society Press, 1985.Reviewed by Scott Jessee, 12:48.

201You May Plow Here: The Narrative of

Sara Brooks. Edited by ThordisSimonsen. New York: TouchstoneBooks, 1987. Reviewed by Lynda J.DeLoach, 13:42.

202Your Memoirs: Collecting Them for Fun

and Posterity. Seymour Rothman.Jefferson, North Carolina andLondon: McFarland and Company,1987. Reviewed by Barbara Floyd.13:43.

AUTHOR INDEX 65

AAbraham, Terry, 46

Adams, G. Donald, 131

Adams, George, Rollie, 138

Adams, Pamela Kirwin, 97

Adams, Patricia L., 24, review 63

Ambacher, Bruce, 77

Anderson, Paul G., review 190

Anderson, Robert H., 193

Archives Group of the Library Councilof Metropolitan Milwaukee, 57

Aspray, William, 92

Association for Sound RecordedCollections. Association AudioArchives Committee, 29

Association of British ColumbiaArchivists. Small Archives Commit-tee, 122

Association of Research Libraries. TheSysems and Procedures ExchangeCenter, 194

Association of St. Louis Area Archivists,55

BBBBBBailey, Robert E., 37, 38, 60, 185, 197,

reviews 39, 114, 174, 175

Bain, George W., 120, reviews 13, 140

Bale, Shelby G., 79

Bamberger, Mary Ann, review 89

Bantin, Philip C., 78, review 133

Barata, Kimberly J., 69

Barnett, Le Roy, 106

Barr, Debra, review 191

Barritt, Marjorie Rabe, 3, 32

AUTHOR INDEXBartlett, Nancy, review 52

Barton, John P., 139

Bauer, Ruth Ellen, review 162

Baum, Willa K., 137

Baumann, Karen J., review 50

Baumann, Roland M., 84, 77, 97,reviews 6, 108, 163

Bearman, David, 16, 61, 70

Beatty, William K., review 96

Behrnd-Klodt, Menzi L., 177, review 28

Bellardo, Lewis J., 73

Bellardo, Lynn Lady, 73

Benedict, Karen M., 173

Bennett, Pamela J., review 60

Berlin, Ira R., review 166

Berner, Richard, 102

Bidelman, Patrick Kay, 34

Bikerts, Sven, 99

Bikson, Tora K., 193

Bisk, John, 111

Biskup, Peter, 49

Blanton, Tom, 196

Blessing, Matt, review 186

Bloom, Loralee J., review 19

Blouin, Francis X., review 189

Boeder, Thelma, review 101

Boles, Frank, 60, 68, review 178

Boutros, David, review 48

Boylan, James, 55

Bradsher, James Gregory, 52, 101, 119,review 141

Brichford, Maynard, 96, review 129

Broadwell, Jessica G., 77


Brown, J. Thomas, 156

Bruemmer, Bruce H., 111, 92, 102, 166,reviews 4, 56

Bryan, Mary Lynn McCree, 89

Burckel, Nicholas C., 80, review 5

Burton, Shirley J., 44, review 10

Bussey, Holly, 112

CCCCCCantelon, Philip L., 43

Cantrell, Karen, 71

Carleton, Don E., 71

Carmichael, David, 93

Carter, John E., review 83

Cary, Tim, review 184

Casterline, Gail Farr, 14

Cerny, Johni, 179

Charter, Stephen M., review 199

Cline, Scott, 87

Cloud, Patricia, 103, review 125

Coe, Jo-Anne L., 161

Coles, Laura M., 7

Colman, Gould P., 45

Combe, Sonia, 23

Conference on Documenting theImmigrant Experience PlanningCommittee, 59

Connors, Thomas, 62

Conway, Paul, 99, 42, 142, 143, review104

Cook, J, Frank, review 74

Cook, Michael, 116, 123

Corbett, Bryan E., 10

Corbett, Katharine T., review 138

Corbitt, Kevin D., reviews 24, 143

Cornell, Alice M., review 154

Cortada, James W., 24

Couture, Carol, 113

Cox, Richard J., 15, 22, 63, 3, 19, 68,121, review 118

Craig, Barbara, 87, 8

Crawford, Anthony R., reviews 76, 78

Cronenwett, Philip N., review 168

Crum, Laurie Brooke, 41

Cunningham, William, reviews 37, 38

Curtin, Bonnie Rose, 75

DDan, Kathryn, 49

Daniels, Maygene F., 129

Daniels-Howell, Todd J., reviews 7, 160

Davis, Jane E., 81

Davis, Richard C., 46

Davis, Susan E., 11, reviews 116, 123

Dearstyne, Bruce W., 6, 21

DeGruson, Gene, 86

Deiss, William A., 130

Deken, Jean Marie, 97

DeLoach, Lynda J., review 201

Densmore, Christopher, review 181

DeWitt, Donald L., 56, 98

Diamond, Sigmund, 7

Diffendal, Anne P., reviews 41, 113

Duckett, Kenneth W., review 36

Dunaway, David K., 137

Dunn, Lucia, review 192

Duranti, Luciana, 96

AUTHOR INDEX 67

EEEEEEakle, Arlene, 179

East, Dennis, 64

Easterby, Ronald, 104

Edelen, Ann J., review 46

Efird, Kim, review 159

Elliott, Clark A., 190

Elston, Charles R., review 165

Emery, Fred, 195

Endelmann, Judith E., review 70

Engst, Elaine D., 51, review 126

Ericksen, Paul A., 66, review 9

Ericson, Timothy L., reviews 35, 99, 131

Evangelical Archives Conference, 100

Evans, Elaine Shemoney, 37, 38, 60, 185

Evans, Max J., 119, 125

FFFFFFederal Writer’s Project of the Works

Progress Administration, 200

Finch, Else Freeman, 8, 1

Fitzpatrick, Catherine A., 180

Fleckner, John A., 17

Floyd, Barbara, 20, review 202

Fogerty, James E., reviews 92, 137, 148

Fortson-Jones, Judith, 33, review 151

Frantilla, Anne, review 33

Freeman, Elsie, 29, 105

GGGGGGallagher, Connell B., 98

Gardner, James B., 138

Garlick, Karen, 152

Garretson, Frank, 112

Garrison, Ellen, 65, 82

Gentzler, Lynn Wolf, reviews 139, 179

Gibbon, Lisa, review 51

Gildemeister, Glen A., 26, reviews 55,57

Gilliland-Swetland, Anne J., 23, 40,review 16

Gilliland-Swetland, Luke, review 103

Ginter, Sue, review 87

Goerler, Raimund E., 115, review 117,134

Goggin, Jacqueline, 59

Gracy, David B., 122

Graedel, Laura, review 155

Gray, David P., 114, 158

Green, Jeremy, review 107

Greene, Mark A., 6, 76, 109, 118,reviews 122, 176

Greenstein, Shane, 112

Guitton, Stephanie, 128

HHaas, Joan K., 4

Haberman, Marjorie J., review 18

Hackman, Larry J., review 132

Hage, Anne A., 75

Ham, F. Gerald, 46, 176

Hambacher, Doris E. C., review 130

Harrison, Shirley, 187

Haumov, Oleg V., 180

Haury, David A., 100, 101

Hedstrom, Margaret L., 20

Heflin, Barbara, 185

Hendrickson, Gordon O., reviews 86, 91

Henry, Linda J., 123, reviews 69


Hensen, Steven C., 25, 26

Henstell, Bruce, reviews 193

Hickerson, H. Thomas, reviews 17, 30

Hiland, Jerry, reviews 158

Hincha, Richard, 37

Hine, Darlene Clark, 34

Hite, Richard W., 108, 113

Hochheiser, Sheldon, 102

Hoffman, Frank W., 147

Hogan, Patricia, 44

Holbert, Sue E., 182, reviews 119

Honhart, Frederick L., reviews 65, 188

Hope, Anne, 80

Horn, David, 49

Hornel, David, 113

Horrocks, David A., review 85

Howe, Barbara J., review 44

Huber, Rhonda J., review 169

Humeston, Helen, 19

Hutchcraft, Ruth, 38

IIrons, Peter, 128

Irons, Victoria, 181

Ives, Alan, 191

JJJJJJacob, Kathryn Allamong, 85

James, Linda, 182

Jessee, Scott, review 200

Johnson, Kurt, 90

Johnson, Liz Holum, review 43

Jones, Arnita A., 43

Jones, H. G., 103

Jones, Ken, 41

Jorsch, Thomas F., review 180

KKKKKKahn, Miriam, review 53

Kansas City Area Archivists, 109

Kaplan, Elisabeth, 74

Kenney, Anne R., review 34

Kentucky Department for Libraries andArchives, 82, 110

Kesner, Richard M., 30, 105

Khlevniuk, Oleg V., 180

King, Jennifer, 95

Kinney, Gregory, 94, reviews 115, 167

Kinossian, Yves, review 23

Klaassen, David J., 1, 12, review 106

Kline, Linda S., review 145

Komor, Valerie S., 58, review 49

Koplowitz, Bradford S., 104

Kovan, Allan, review 21

Krizack, Joan D., 58

Krosch, Penelope, review 194

Krueger, Kristine L., review 66

Kwik, Phillip James, review 84

LLamoree, Karen, M., 47

Landis, William, 14, 95, review 42

Lankford, Nancy, review 314

LaPorte, Tom, review 61

Lasewicz, Paul C., 110

Levinson, Marilyn I., review 135

Lih, Lars T., 180

AUTHOR INDEX 69

Long, Linda J., review 45

Long, Margery S., 11

Lucas, Lydia, 93, 94

Luebking, Sandra H., 10

Lynch, Larry, review 111

MMaass, Christel, review 80

MacLeish, A. Bruce, 36

MacNeil, Heather, 199

Maher, William J., 34, 50, 116, 96, 117,reviews 22, 157

Manfred, Frederick, 200

Marshall, Robert G., review 197

Martin, Louise, review 156

Mason, Karen M., review 95

Mattern, Carolyn J., 48, 177

Matters, Marion E., 93, 136, reviews 68,105

McCall, Nancy, 51

McCarthy, Paul H., 22

McClung, Patricia A., 167

McConnel, Malcolm, 107

McCrank, Lawrence J., 17

McEwen, Colleen, 49

McPherson, James M., review 79

McShane, Stephen G., 89

Meade, Roger A., 84

Meissner, Dennis, 35, 85, review 172

Melehy, Hassan, 92

Menninger, Walter W., 72

Metzler, Valerie A., review 54

Mifflin, Jeffrey, 74

Miller, Fredric M., 28

Miller, Page Putnam, 52

Mix, Lisa A., 51

Monroe, Alden, review 72

Morgenstern, Michael, 77

Morrissey, Charles T., 27

Motley, Archie, 86

Mount, Ellis, 149, 172

Moynahan, Brian, 169

Munoff, Gerald J., 11

Murray, Toby, review 12

Myers, Marjorie J., 84

Myers, WIlliam G., review 94

NNagler, Jorg, 80

National Archives and Records Admin-istration, 186

National Association of GovernmentArchives and Records Administrators,75, 150

National Council for the Social Studies,186

National Historical Publications andRecords Commission, 107, 56

National Research Council. Committeeon Preservation of Historical Records,151

Neal, Kathryn M., 57

Nelb, Tawny, review 77

Nelson, James A., review 146

Nelson-Strauss, Brenda, 92

Nesmith, Tom, 35

New York State Archives, 39, 114, 174,175

New York State Archives and RecordsAdministration, 184


Newborg, Gerald G., 83, reviews 64, 81

Ng, George Hing, review 149

Nolte, William, 118

Norris, Thomas D., 93, review 182

Nowicke, Carol Elizabeth, 70

OO’Connor, Diane Vogt, 83, review 11

O’Shea, Greg, 49

O’Toole, James M., 21, 32, review 75

OCLC, 18

Olson, David J., 27

PPadway, Janet, 30

Painter, Patricia Scollard, review 14

Palkovic, Mark, review 154

Pardo, Thomas C., 31, review 173

Patkus, Beth L., review 153

Paton, Christopher Ann, 5, 91, reviews29, 124, 170, 171

Paul, Karen Dawley, 159, 160, 161

Peace, Nancy E., 5

Pearce, Michael, 135

Pederson, Ann, 4, 14

Perry, Lorraine S., review 127

Peterson, Gary M., 13

Peterson, Jim, review 128

Peterson, Trudy Huskamp, 13

Phillips, Charles, 44

Potter, Constance, 79

Powell, Graeme, 49

Pritchard, Colleen, 120

Proctor, Margaret, 116, 123

Proffitt, Kevin, 9

Pumroy, Eric, 164, review 2

QQueen’s Film Studies Department, 9

Quinn, Patrick M., 73, review 177

RRRRRRabins, Joan, review 20

Rampelmann, Katja, 164

Ratcliffe, Donald, 78

Redmann, Gail R., 21

Rhoads, James B., 168

Richmond, Lesley, 40

Rider, Edward, review 102

Ritzenthaler, Mary Lynn, 11, 12, 153

Roberts, Randy, review 8

Rothman, Seymour, 202

Rousseau, Jean-Yves, 113

Royce, Robert, 95

Ruller, Thomas J., 42

Russo, David J., 108

SSack, John, 66

Sahli, Nancy, 81, 126

Samuels, Helen Willa, 4

Saretzky, Gary D., 64, 81

Sawka, Barbara, 25

Scalera, Nicholas, 94

Schaefer, Matthew T., review 164

Schorzman, Terri A., 148

Schultz, Charles R., review 93

Schweitzer, Ted, 107

AUTHOR INDEX 71

Shawcross, Nancy M., 31

Shelstad, Mark L., 95, reviews 59, 98

Sherer, Robert G., review 3

Shucha, Bonita J., review 187

Shur, Leonid, 111

Shuster, Robert D., 165

Shutkin, Sara, review 100

Simmons, Barbara Trippel, 4

Simonsen, Thordis, 201

Slavin, Timothy A., 189

Smiraglia, Richard P., 50

Smith, Hampton, review 144

Smith, Jessie Carney, 63

Smith, Thomas A., review 82

Society of American ArchivistsBusiness Archives Section, 54Task Force on Goals and Priorities,

146

Spear, Allan, 90

Stambaugh, James, 165

Stepenoff, Bonnie, 16

Stepka, Susan A., review 97

Stevens, Michael E., reviews 27, 109

Stewart, Virginia, 18, 117

Stielow, Frederic J., 189

Stockford, Bridget, 40

Straw, John, 53

Sturgeon, Stephen C., 39

Su, Mila C., 124

Summers, Bill, review 32

Sung, Carolyn Hoover, 15

Svoboda, Joseph G., 76

Swanson, Duane P., review 150, 198

Swartzburg, Susan Garretson, 112

Szucs, Loretto D., 10

TTatem, Jill M., 28, review 62

Taylor, Hugh A., 54

Tejada, Susan, review 142

Thiel, Mark G., 78

Thies, Cheri, review 1

Thomas, Julie, review 196

Thomas, Kenn, review 147

Thomas, Norma Myers, review 47

Toll, Jean, review 120

Traub, Thomas, 92

Treanor, John J., 189

Trinkaus-Randall, Gregor, 155, review112

Turnbaugh, Roy C., 13, 197

UUhler, Sharron G., reviews 25, 71, 183

University of Minnesota. ImmigrationHistory Research Center, 62

Upham, Lois, 134

VVan Camp, Anne, review 40

Vanderbilt, Paul, 33

VanDoren, Sandra Shaffer, review 161

Vargas, Mark A., 30, 43, reviews 26, 88

WWagher, Victor S., review 185

Walch, Timothy, 74, 129, 140

Walch, Victoria Irons, 61, 106, 157

Waldrep, Christopher, review 110

Walle, Dennis F., 38


Wallen, Denise, 71

Walters, Tyler O., 2, 36, review 73

Ward, Alan, 124

Warner, Robert M., 79, 53

Weber, Lisa B., 62, 125

Weber, Nicholas P., review 195

Weil, Alexandra, 97

Weimer, Ferne, 165

Weir, Thomas E., 188

Wellheiser, Johanna G., 139

Whalen, Lucille, 162

Williams, Brian A., review 58

Williamson, Myrna, review 67

Wilsted, Thomas, 118, review 121

Winn, Karyl, review 15

Wittman, Elisabeth, review 152

Wosh, Peter J., 61

Wright, Craig, review 136

Wright, H. Douglas, review 90

Wright, Steven L., 67

YYakel, Elizabeth, 183

ZZimmerman, Ann, 88

Zwaga, Harm, 104

SUBJECT INDEX 73

AAccess, 28, 156, 193, 199

France, 23Restrictions, 7, 76, 101User studies, 142, 143

Acquisitions, 12Case studies, 35, 60

Addams, Jane papers, 89

Advocacy, 8, 86, 90

Agricultural history, 45

American Association for State andLocal History (AASLH), 115

American Institute of Physics, 88

Appraisal, 40, 66, 119, 4, 64, 176Case studies, 6, 52, 108Surveys, 42

Architectural preservationSee Historic preservation

Architectural records and archives, 16,77

Archival administration, 15, 20, 94, 110,17, 19, 106, 117, 118, 119, 120, 124,168, 183, 191Bibliographies, 19Finance, 71Legal aspects, 13Manuals, 122, 130

Archival associations, 9, 34, 73, 86, 90

Archival educationSee Education and training

Archival principles and practice, 4, 32,96, 5, 6, 8, 49, 65, 113, 121, 129Canada, 35Surveys, 120

Archival profession, 9, 11, 15, 22, 23,34, 49, 57, 68, 86, 89, 90, 122, 1, 3,68, 146History, 4, 32, 87, 102

Europe, 58

Archival researchSee terms describing specific types of

research: Bibliographies; Casestudies; Citation analysis;Statistical studies; Surveys; Userstudies

ArchivesSee terms describing specific types of

records and archives:Architectural records and archives;Business records and archives;Church records and archives;Collecting repositories;College and university records andarchives; Congressional records andarchives; Electronic records andarchives; Federal records andarchives; Institutional records andarchives; Labor records andarchives; Local government recordsand archives; Manuscripts; Medicalrecords and archives; Militaryrecords and archives; Public recordsand archives; Scientific records andarchives; Senatorial papers; Soundrecords and archives; State recordsand archives; Visual records andarchives

Archivists, 15, 20, 21, 22, 54, 55, 122Church, 61Consultant, 117Minority

Surveys, 57Women, 123

SUBJECT INDEX


Arrangement and description, 66, 93, 28,50Case studies, 108, 113Manuals, 32, 116, 123, 181

Association of Canadian Archivists(ACA), 10

Association records and archivesSee Institutional records and archives

Audio recordingsSee Sound records and archives

Authentication, 187

Authority control, 43

Automation, 26, 16, 30, 70

BBerner, Richard C., 4, 102

Bethel College (North Newton, Kansas),100

BibliographiesArchival administration, 19Collection guides, 98Electronic records and archives, 105Records management, 173Sound records and archives, 5

Billy Graham Center Archives, WheatonCollege, 66

Black history, 34, 201User studies, 59

Brooks, SaraOral history, 201

BurnoutCase studies, 54

Business records and archives, 67, 109,110, 7, 43, 120, 173Case studies, 35, 95Directories, 54Research guides, 102United Kingdom, 40

CCalifornia State Railroad Museum

(Sacramento), 93

CanadaArchival principles and practice, 35Business records and archives

Directories, 54Casanova, Eugenio, 58

Case studies, 178Acquisitions, 35, 60Appraisal, 6, 52, 108Arrangement and description, 108,

113Burnout, 54Business records and archives, 35, 95Cataloging, 31, 82Collecting repositories, 35, 50, 98Collection development, 48, 51College and university records and

archives, 84, 118, 124Congressional records and archives,

6, 98Documentation strategy, 1, 53Electronic records and archives, 70,

95Manuscripts, 124Records management, 95Records schedules, 104Records surveys, 75Retrospective conversion, 103Sound records and archives, 82

Cataloging, 28, 30, 85, 103, 125, 126Case studies, 31, 82Manuals, 25, 26, 136Statistical studies, 43

Catalogs, Online, 2, 30, 85, 18

Center for Popular Music (MiddleTennessee State University), 65, 82

Central Michigan University (Mt. Pleasant), 60

Chicago, Illinois

SUBJECT INDEX 75

Local Government records andarchives, 37, 38, 60, 69

Chicago Symphony Orchestra, 92

Church archivistsSee Archivists, Church

Church records and archives, 61, 66, 75,100, 121, 32, 78, 100, 101, 158, 189

Cincinnati Historical Society, 67

Citation analysisInformation technology, 23

Civil War history, 39, 79

Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), 16

Clarke Historical Library (CentralMichigan University), 60

Collecting repositories, 12, 38, 51, 60Case studies, 35, 50, 98Directories, 56

Kentucky, 82St. Louis, Missouri, 55Wisconsin, 57

Collection development, 38, 39, 47, 65Case studies, 48, 51Statistical studies, 114

Collection guides, 24, 34, 76, 81, 89,165, 166, 177Bibliographies, 98Kentucky, 110Local government records and

archivesIllinois, 185WashingtonSeattle, 87

Minnesota, 200National Archives and Records

Administration (NARA), 10, 79,140

Ohio, 84Oral history, 90, 92Public records and archives

Minnesota, 94Scientific records and archives, 88

Senatorial papers, 85Visual records and archives, 83

Florida, 67Washington, 91Women’s history, 95, 97

College and university records andarchives, 53, 69, 115, 117Case studies, 84, 118, 124Surveys, 3

College and university libraries, 194

College and university students, 53

Communication theory, 40, 96

Computer software, 45, 47, 48, 127,144, 145, 154, 170, 171

Conference papersMidwest Archives Conference

(MAC), 8, 72, 96Society of American Archivists

(SAA), 7, 152Conference proceedings, 59, 100

Congressional records and archives, 159Case studies, 98

Minnesota, 6Conservation

See Preservation

Consulting practices, 117

Controversial history, 47, 60

Copyright Act (1976), 19

Cornell University (Ithaca, New York),45, 51

Corporate records and archivesSee Business records and archives

CorrespondenceStalin, Josef, 180

DDeposit agreements, 50

Surveys, 38

Description


See Arrangement and Description

DiariesJack the Ripper, 187

Dictionaries, 73

Digital imaging, 42, 167

Directories, 56Business records and archives, 54

Canada, 54Kentucky, 82Missouri

St. Louis, 55Wisconsin, 57

Disaster planning, 97Manuals, 139

Disposition, 6

Documentation strategy, 39, 45, 71, 109,58, 100Case studies, 1, 53

EEducation and training, 10, 11, 20, 36,

49, 68, 105Statistical studies, 56, 77

Educational programs, 29, 118, 14, 186,192, 197

Electoral historyOhio, 64, 78

Electronic records and archives, 23, 40,41, 94, 95, 111, 112, 20, 61, 62, 68,166, 188, 193, 196Bibliographies, 105Case studies, 70, 95

EmploymentStatistical studies, 123Surveys, 56

Encryption, 94

Environmental history, 39

Ethnic history, 100, 59, 80Research guides, 63

EuropeArchival profession

History, 58

FFamily history

See Genealogy

Farm Family Decision Making Project(Cornell University), 45

Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), 7Records, 52, 101

Federal records and archives, 52, 79,101, 196

Finding aids, 81, 82

FloridaVisual records and archives

Collection guides, 67

FrancePublic records and archives, 23

Freedom of Information Act (1966;1974), 7, 101

GGender

Statistical studies, 123

Genealogy, 21, 100, 80, 140Research guides, 63

Geographic Information Systems, 88

Georgia State University (Atlanta), 91

Government records and archivesSee Public records and archives; and

terms describing specific types ofpublic records and archives:Congressional records andarchives; Federal records andarchives; Local governmentrecords and archives; State recordsand archives

SUBJECT INDEX 77

HHistoric preservation, 16

Historical Records SurveyUser studies, 24

History, 72See also terms describing specific

types of history: Agriculturalhistory; Black history; Civil Warhistory; Controversial history;Electoral history; Environmentalhistory; Ethnic history;Genealogy; Immigration history;Jewish history; Labor history;Local history; McCarthyism;Military history; Music history;Native American history; Oralhistory; Public history; Russianhistory; Russian-American history;Social history; Sports history;Vietnamese Conflict history;Western history; Women’s history

Hildreth, Gertrude papers, 81

HTML, 14, 41

IIllinois


Illinois State Archives, 13, 185

Immigration history, 59

IndianaPublic records and archives, 156

Information retrieval, 28, 45, 81, 115

Information technology, 26, 40, 81, 87,111, 112, 113, 115, 99Citation analysis, 23

Institutional records and archives, 12,50, 59, 60, 62, 65, 121.

JJack the Ripper

Diaries, 187

Jewish history, 66

Joint Committee on the Management,Preservation and Use of LocalGovernment Records, 63

KKentucky

Collection guides, 110Directories, 82

Ku Klux Klan, 60

LLabor history, 62

Ohio, 84

Leland, Waldo G. 32

Libraries, 41, 135, 147, 194

Library of Congress, 59

Lincoln, Abraham, 58

Local government records and archives,63, 87, 141Illinois

Chicago, 37, 38, 60, 69Collection guides, 185

WashingtonSeattle


Local history, 108, 115

MMachine-readable records and archives

See Electronic records and archives

Manual for the Arrangement andDescription of Archives, 32


ManualsArchival administration, 122, 130Arrangement and description, 32,

116, 123, 181Cataloging, 25, 26, 136Disaster Planning, 139Records management, 159, 160, 161

Manuscripts, 76, 108, 114Case studies, 124

Maps, 79

MARC-AMC, 2, 28, 31, 42, 56, 82, 85,103, 18, 25, 26, 50, 125, 126

Master of Archival Studies, 10, 36

McCarthyism, 7, 71

Medical records and archives, 51, 58

Memoirs, 202

Memory, 72

Mennonite Library and Archives, BethelCollege, 100

Microphotography, 42, 182

Middle Tennessee State University, 65,82

MidwestState records and archives, 18

Midwest Archives Conference (MAC),73Conference papers, 8, 72, 96

Military records and archives, 44, 48,107National Archives and Records

Administration (NARA), 79New York, 39

Milwaukee Urban Archives (Universityof Wisconsin-Milwaukee), 43

MinnesotaCollection guides, 200Congressional records and archives, 6Public records and archives


Minnesota Conference of the UnitedChurch of Christ, 75

Minnesota Historical Society (St. Paul),6, 35, 85

Minority archivistsSee Archivists—Minority

Missouri Department of Natural Re-sources, 16

Modern Archives Institute, 77

Motion picture filmSee Visual records and archives

Multiculturalism, 60

Music history, 65

Museum objects, 36

Museums, 17, 130, 131, 132

NNational Archives and Records Admin-

istration (NARA), 79, 101, 52, 53,186, 192Collection guides, 10, 140History, 74Military records

Collection guides, 79User studies, 52

National Historical Publications andRecords Commission (NHPRC), 18,80, 107

National Park Service (NPS), 16

Native American history, 76, 78, 133

Navy Laboratories, David Taylor NavalShip Research and DevelopmentCenter (Carderock, Maryland), 70

New YorkMilitary records, 39State records and archives, 39, 114,

174, 175, 184Newspapers, 134

Nixon, Richard M., 195

SUBJECT INDEX 79

North CarolinaState records and archives, 27

North DakotaState records and archives, 83

Northwestern University Archives(Evanston, Illinois), 103

NOTIS, 2

OOberlin College (Oberlin, Ohio), 84

OCLC, 18, 125

OhioCollection guides, 84Electoral history, 64, 78Labor history, 84Presidential elections, 64, 78Public records and archives, 64, 78

OklahomaState records and archives, 104

Online catalogsSee Catalogs, Online

Optical disks, 19

Oral history, 27, 45, 65, 72, 136, 137,148, 201Collection guides, 90, 92

Organizational records and archivesSee Institutional records and archives

OutreachSee Advocacy; Public relations

PPersonal papers

See Manuscripts

PhotographsSee Visual records and archives

Popular culture, 147

Popular Music Collection (Georgia StateUniversity, Atlanta), 91

Preservation, 25, 33, 37, 91, 92, 12, 27,29, 75, 109, 112, 149, 150, 151, 152,153

Presidential electionsOhio, 64, 78

Presidential libraries, 99

Privacy, 76, 94, 101, 199

ProcessingSee Arrangement and description

Professional associationsSee American Association for State

and Local History (AASLH);Archival associations; Associationof Canadian Archivists (ACA);Midwest Archives Conference(MAC); Society of AmericanArchivists (SAA)

Professional educationSee Education and training

Public administration, 20

Public history, 21, 44

Public records and archives, 7, 13, 24,119, 163, 182, 199France, 23Indiana, 156Minnesota

Collection guides, 94Ohio, 64, 78Surveys, 42Wisconsin, 198

Public relations, 14, 29, 55, 66, 67, 2, 9,14, 131

Q


RRecords and archives

See terms describing specific types ofrecords and archives:Architectural records and archives;Business records and archives;Church records and archives;Collecting repositories; Collegeand university records andarchives; Congressional recordsand archives; Electronic recordsand archives; Federal records andarchives; Institutional records andarchives; Labor records andarchives; Local governmentrecords and archives; Manuscripts;Medical records and archives;Military records and archives;Public records and archives;Scientific records and archives;Senatorial papers; Sound recordsand archives; State records andarchives; Visual records andarchives

Records management, 69, 88, 7Bibliographies, 173Case studies, 95Manuals, 159, 160, 161Surveys, 3

Records schedules, 119Case studies, 104

Records surveysCase studies, 75

Recruitment Surveys, 57

Reference service, 26, 105, 134, 162Surveys, 106User studies, 99, 116

Religious records and archivesSee Church records and archives

RepositoriesSee Collecting repositories

Reprography, 15

Research, ArchivalSee terms describing specific types of

research: Bibliographies; Casestudies; Citation analysis;Statistical studies; Surveys; Userstudies

Research guides, 63, 102, 164Research sources, 44, 100

Restricted accessSee Access—Restrictions

Retrospective conversion, 30, 85Case studies, 103

RLIN, 103, 125

Russian history, 180Pictorial works, 169

Russian-American history, 111

SSacramento History Center, 93

St. Louis, MissouriCollection guides, 55

Seattle, WashingtonLocal government records and

archivesCollection guides, 87

Scientific records and archives, 69, 4,64, 81, 149, 172, 190Collection guides, 88

Security, 155

Senatorial papers, 160, 161Collection guides, 85

Signage, 104

Social history, 100, 138

Social Welfare History Archives(University of Minnesota-Twin

Cities), 1

Society of American Archivists (SAA),86, 89Conference papers, 7, 152

SUBJECT INDEX 81

Goals and Priorities Task Force, 89

Sound records and archives, 25, 91, 92,29, 124Bibliographies, 5Case studies, 82

Sports history, 124

Stalin, JosefCorrespondence, 180

State Assessment Reports, 46, 80, 83,107

State Historical Records Program(NHPRC), 18

State historical societies, 103

State Historical Society of NorthDakota, 114

State Historical Society of Wisconsin, 48

State records and archives, 46, 80, 107,72, 150, 157Midwest, 18New York, 39, 114, 174, 175, 184North Carolina, 27North Dakota, 83Oklahoma, 104

Statistical studiesCataloging, 43Collection development, 114Employment, 123Gender, 123

Strategic planning, 18, 46, 110, 1, 22,30, 75, 141, 146, 184

StressSee Burnout

Supreme Court, 128

SurveysAppraisal, 42Archival principles and practices, 120Archivists

Minority, 57College and university records and

archives, 3

Deposit agreements, 38Education and training, 56, 77Employment, 56Public records and archives, 42Records management, 3Recruitment, 57Reference service, 106

TTaylor, Hugh A., 8

TheorySee Archival principles and practice

Turner MovementResearch guides, 164

UUnited Church of Christ, Minnesota

Conference, 75

United KingdomBusiness records and archives, 40

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 50, 53

University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, 1

University of Pennsylvania, 31

University of Vermont, 98

University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 30,43

University records and archivesSee College and university records

and archives

User studies, 13, 29Access, 142, 143Black history, 59Historical Records Survey, 24National Archives and Records

Administration (NARA), 52Reference service, 99, 116Women’s history, 59

USMARC-AMCSee MARC-AMC


VVan Laer, Arnold J. F., 32

Vietnam War Veterans Archives andHistory Center (Cornell University), 51

Vietnamese Conflict history, 48, 51, 107

Visual literacy, 74, 120, 33

Visual records and archives, 74, 93, 11, 33Collection guides, 83

Florida, 67

WWashington


Watergate, 195

Western history, 192

Western Reserve Historical Society(Cleveland, Ohio), 108, 113

Wheaton College (Wheaton, Illinois), 66

WisconsinDirectories, 57Public records and archives, 198

Women archivistsSee Archivists—Women

Women’s history, 100, 34, 174, 201Collection guides, 95, 97User studies, 59

Works Progress Administration, 200

Works Projects Administration (WPA), 16

Workshops, 31

World Wide Web, 14, 41

X

Y

Z

SUBJECT INDEX 83

Archival Issues - Midwest Archives Conference · cent literature has focused on macro-level...

Documents

Transcript of Archival Issues - Midwest Archives Conference · cent literature has focused on macro-level...