APUSH Content Review #4

7. Civil War & Reconstruction

8. Gilded Age, Populism, Overseas Expansion

Civil War & Reconstruction

Review

At the outset, President Lincoln held that the Civil War was being fought to

1. end all state sovereignty 2. carry out the goals of abolitionists 3. free the slaves 4. preserve the Union

The major Civil War battle in the West which split the Confederacy in half was

1. the Battle of the Wilderness 2. Vicksburg 3. Gettysburg4. Antietam

During the Civil War, the U.S. Congress

1. could do little because of the absent southern representatives

2. neglected legislation not related to the war due to a lack of funds

3. played a major role in choosing generals to lead the Union forces

4. adopted a tariff, a homestead law, and a transcontinental railroad.

Suspension of the writ of habeas corpus for all people living between Washington and

Philadelphia is evidence that 1. local law enforcement collapsed in

many northern states 2. Union generals often usurped

presidential power 3. presidential power increased during

the Civil War 4. Congressional power increased during

the Civil War

The key event that guaranteed Lincoln's re-election in 1864 was the

1. fall of Vicksburg to General Grant 2. capture of New Orleans by Admiral

Farragut 3. defeat of Lee's army by General

Meade at Gettysburg 4. fall of Atlanta to General Sherman

The Battle of Antietam was

1. the bloodiest single day's fighting of the Civil War

2. a victory for General Lee's Army of Northern Virginia

3. a proof to Lincoln of the good leadership of General McClellan

4. The event that brought France into the war along side the Confederacy

What was Jefferson Davis' central problem during the Civil War?

1. He did not get along with his generals 2. In a society that prized states' rights,

Davis had to centralize authority3. Davis was a grand strategist who did

not focus on military details4. Davis could not generate support for

the war in the South

During the Civil War, the term "Copperhead" referred to:

1. Northerners who supported slavery2. Southerners who opposed the

Confederacy3. Southerners who called for the

abolition of slavery4. Northerners who opposed the war

The Battle of Gettysburg was significant because it:

1. led to an immediate end to the war2. opened an invasion route to the North3. inflicted a major loss on General Lee's

army4. cut off supplies to Confederate states

west of the Mississippi River

Whose reconstruction plan allowed former Confederates to gain power in the

reconstructed southern governments?

1. Ulysses S. Grant 2. Abraham Lincoln3. Radical Republicans 4. Andrew Johnson

During Reconstruction, laws that kept freemen in an economically dependent and

legally inferior status were called1. Jim Crow laws2. black codes3. poll taxes4. grandfather clauses

In the presidential election of 1868, Ulysses S. Grant:

1. transformed his personal popularity into a large majority in the popular vote

2. owed his victory to the votes of former slaves

3. gained his victory by winning the votes of the majority of whites

4. Became the first, and only, third-party candidate to win the presidency

In the years after the Civil War, most freedmen ended up working as

1. farmers on land they owned2. farmers under a sharecropper system3. wage laborers in the new textile mills4. itinerant day laborers in domestic and

service jobs

Why did Republicans turn against President Johnson?

1. He vetoed the Freedmen's Bureau bill and Civil Rights Act of 1866

2. Discovery that Johnson was delaying re-admission of former Confederate states

3. His proposal for an agency that would provide relief for poor southerners

4. A desire to show Democrats that they could work together to rebuild the South

The purpose of the Freedman's Bureau was to

1. gain the vote for all freed slaves2. feed and educate the former slaves

to help them adjust to freedom3. provide 40 acres and a mule for

each slave4. get radical Republicans in positions

of power in the South

The "Compromise of 1877" did which of the following?

1. gained political rights for freedmen2. granted political amnesty to former

Confederate leaders3. ended federal military support of

Republican gov’ts in the South4. restored the Southern states to the

Union

the Constitution prohibited states from denying a citizen the right to vote based on

race, color, or former slavery:

1. 13th 2. 14th 3. 15th 4. 16th

Emancipation in 1863Emancipation in 1863

In 1863, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation which freed the slaves in the

South; this made the Civil War about slavery

Created 5 military districts to enforce acts Created 5 military districts to enforce ReconstructionCreated 5 military districts to enforce Reconstruction

But, Radical Reconstruction was not adequate to enforce equality in the South

Gilded Age Review

U.S. policy towards Indians changed with the Dawes Act 1887 because this act

1. treated the tribes as independent nations

2. wiped out tribal ownership of property and granted 160 acres to heads of families

3. established new and larger reservations for all tribes

4. forbade selling alcohol or guns on reservations

The historian Frederick Jackson Turner argued that the frontier shaped America by

1. killing off many of the most adventurous individuals

2. stimulating individualism, nationalism, and democracy

3. producing governments very much like those of Europe

4. creating new opportunities for women

The outlawing of the Indian Sun (Ghost) Dance in 1890 resulted in the

1. Battle of Little Big Horn

2. Battle of Potowanamie Creek

3. Massacre at Sand Creek.

4. Battle of Wounded Knee.

The two factors that did most to stimulate rapid western settlement were1. the gold rush and cattle economy2. the Homestead Act and the railroad3. removal of the buffalo and Native

Americans from the plains4. the removal of the Indians and the

gold rush

Open-range ranching came to an end due to

1. overproduction of beef and declining prices

2. federal support for irrigated agriculture

3. the range wars between cattlemen and sheepherders

4. fencing of the plains with barbed wire

Which of the following was NOT a goal of the Populist party?

1. government regulation of railroads2. increasing the money supply by

coining silver3. defeating the Sherman Silver

Purchase Act of 18904. direct election of U. S. senators

Supporters of the Populist Party included all of the following groups EXCEPT:

1. mid-western family farmers2. southern tenant farmers3. western miners4. eastern labor union members

One of the most significant aspects of the Interstate Commerce Act was that it1. revolutionized the business system2. failed to end the worst abuses of big

business, such as pools & rebates3. actually did nothing to control the

abuses of big business4. represented the first attempt by the

federal gov’t to regulate business

In its approach to union organization, the Knights of Labor officially:

1. organized workers by their skilled craft2. welcomed both skilled & unskilled

workers3. encouraged the use of the strike4. discriminated against blacks & women

The "Gospel of Wealth," as advanced by Andrew Carnegie, promoted the concept

that people with wealth should:

1. give aid directly to the poor2. devote time to the public welfare3. donate the bulk of their wealth to

religious institutions4. use their resources to help society

Which of the following best accounts for the success of Standard Oil:

1. interlocking directorate2. trust3. vertical integration4. horizontal integration

The first "big business" in America, at least in terms of finance, labor relations,

and management, was1. the oil refining industry2. the textile industry3. the steel industry4. the railroad industry

The Interstate Commerce Act of 1887 and the Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890 had in

common the fact that they:1. convinced the Populists that they had

achieved their goals2. were strengthened by the Supreme Court

in the years after they were passed3. ended the Republican domination of the

U. S. Senate4. were intended to do away with the spoils

system in politics

In 1890, Jacob Riis vividly portrayed life in an American urban slum in:

1. The Jungle

2. Ragged John

3. How the Other Half Lives

4. Maggie, Girl of the Streets

Which population trend occurred in the U.S. from 1860 to 1920?

1. decline in the number of Eastern & Southern European immigrants

2. shift of the majority of the urban population from city to suburbs

3. significant shift of the population from the North to the South

4. growth in the cities & decline in rural areas of America

Which group would have been most likely to support Tammany Hall?

1. industrial and business leaders

2. poor urban immigrants

3. middle-class shop owners

4. wealthy rural landowners

Jane Addams is most associated with:

1. temperance reform2. the settlement house movement3. higher education for women4. women's suffrage

Europeans who came to the U.S. after 1880 were called "new" immigrants because they1. were considered physically superior

workers to earlier immigrants2. arrived before the closing of the

frontier & settled farms in the West3. came chiefly from northern and

western Europe4. came generally from different countries

than most earlier immigrants

The major point of difference between Booker T. Washington & W. E. B. Du Bois

was over their view of:1. the need for education2. the need for immediate equality for

blacks3. aiding efforts for independence in

Africa4. using white assistance to help blacks

The Supreme Court decision in the case of Plessy v. Ferguson upheld which principle?

1. "Clear and present danger“2. "With all deliberate speed“3. "Separate but equal“4. "Without redeeming social value"

By the end of his presidency, Ulysses S. Grant's popularity had declined

substantially because of1. the corruption in his administration2. his brutal policies toward the South3. his support for "greenback"

monetary policies4. his refusal to support the Radical

Republicans in Congress

Why did President Cleveland intervene with troops in the Pullman Strike of 1894?

1. the governor of Illinois requested federal troops be sent

2. the strike endangered the national health and safety

3. the strike interfered with the U.S. mail and interstate trade

4. federal property was being destroyed

“If the gold delegates dare to defend the gold standard as a good thing, we will fight them to the uppermost.” William Jennings Bryan's famous "Cross of Gold" speech called for?:

1. the unlimited coinage of silver2. lower tariffs3. greenback paper currency4. renewed religious commitment for

all Americans

USA in the Gilded Age: 1870-1920Industrialization

Reconstruction

Ranching, Mining, Farming

America in the Gilded Age: 1865-1918The South:

Still recovering from the Civil War but no longer forced to “reconstruct”

The “New South”?

SharecroppingJim Crow Laws

America in the Gilded Age: 1865-1918

The West:Farmers,

ranchers, & miners

closed the last of the frontier at

the expense of Indians

Populists

Native Americans in the West:

Major Battles &

Reservations

• Wounded Knee—Indians were killed to stop performance of Ghost Dance ritual

• Little Big Horn—Sioux surrounded & killed US Army division led by Custer

America in the Gilded Age: 1865-1918

The North:Experienced a “2nd Industrial Revolution,”

mass immigration, & urbanization

Northern industries grewBad: Treatment of Workers

Bad: Living Conditions

Good: Steel Production

Good: Patents Issued

America became the world’s leader in railroad, steel, & oil production

Vertical & Horizontal IntegrationVertical & Horizontal Integration

UrbanizationNew York City, 1907

Immigration Restrictions to the USA

National Origins Act of 1924: lowered the number of

Eastern/Southern Europeans and Asians to the USA

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