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Appendix F: Miscellaneous

34P A R T

34

H V A C E Q U AT I O N S , D A TA , A N D R U L E S O F T H U M B

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726 PART 34

34.01 Airborne Contaminants

 A. Particle Classifications:

1. Fine <2.5 microns

2. Course ≥2.5 microns3. Respirable <10.0 microns

4. Nonrespirable ≥10.0 microns

B. Relative Sizes:

1. Micron= 1 millionth of a meter (0.000001 meter) = 39 millionths of an inch (0.000039

inch)

2. Visible to the Naked Eye 25 microns

3. Human Hair 100 microns

4. Dust 25 microns5. Optical Microscope 0.25 micron

6. Scanning Electron Microscope 0.002 micron

7. Macro Particle Range 25 microns and larger

8. Micro Particle Range 1.0 to 25 microns

9. Molecular Macro Range 0.085 to 1.0 micron

10. Molecular Range 0.002 to 0.085 micron

11. Ionic Range 0.002 microns and smaller

C. Airborne Particle Sizes are given in the following table:

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 Appendix F: Miscellaneous 727

D. Airborne Particulate Cleanliness Classes: FED-STD-209E-1992:

1. A Clean Zone is a defined space in which the concentration of airborne particles is con-

trolled to meet a specified airborne particulate cleanliness class.2. A Cleanroom is a room in which the concentration of airborne particles is controlled

and which contains one or more clean zones:

a. As-built Cleanroom is a cleanroom complete and ready for operation, certifiable,

with all services connected and functional, but without equipment or operating per-

sonnel in the facility.

b. At-rest Cleanroom is a cleanroom that is complete, with all services functioning and

with equipment installed and operable or operating, as specified, but without oper-

ating personnel in the facility.

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728 PART 34

c. Operational Cleanroom is a cleanroom in normal operation, with all services func-

tioning and with equipment and personnel, if applicable, present and performing

their normal work functions in the facility.

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 Appendix F: Miscellaneous 729

Cleanroom Design Criteria

 Notes:

1. Velocity and filter coverage could be reduced possibly as low as 35 fpm and 50% coverage if paral-lelism requirements are relaxed by the client.

2. Parallelism requirements are often driven by a client’s standard facility criteria.3. Makeup Air: 1–6 CFM/SQ.FT.4. Pressurization Requirement: 1 ⁄ 4–1 ⁄ 2 CFM/SQ.FT.5. Temperature:

a. Range: 68–74°F. b. Tolerance: Ϯ0.1–Ϯ2.0°F.c. Change Rate: 0.75–2.0°F./Hourd. Example: 72°F.,Ϯ2.0°F.

6. Relative Humidity:a. Range: 30–50%RH b. Tolerance: Ϯ1.0–Ϯ5.0%RHc. Change Rate: 1.0–5.0%RH/Hourd. Example: 45% RH,Ϯ5.0%RH

7. Fire Protection/Smoke Purge Exhaust: 3–5 CFM/SQ.FT.8. Air change rate is based on 10′-0″ ceiling height.

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730 PART 34

 Notes:

1. Table provides equivalent wind chill temperatures at various outside dry bulb temperatures andcorresponding wind velocities.

2. Wind speed greater than 40 mph have little additional chilling effect.3. WCF Х T DB − (1.5 ×W S)

WCF= Wind Chill FactorTDB = Dry Bulb Air TemperatureWS = Wind Speed

Wind Chill Index

34.02 Miscellaneous

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 Appendix F: Miscellaneous 731

Heat Index

 Notes:

1. Table provides equivalent heat index temperatures at various temperatures and corresponding relative humidities.

2. The heat index is a measure of how the average person perceives temperature and humidity andhow it affects the body’s ability to cool itself.

3. Sunstroke and heat exhaustion are likely when the heat index is 105 or greater.

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732 PART 34

Areas and Circumferences of Circles

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 Appendix F: Miscellaneous 733

Areas and Circumferences of Circles

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734 PART 34

Fraction-Decimal Equivalents

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 Appendix F: Miscellaneous 735

Fraction-Decimal Equivalents

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736 PART 34

Physical Properties of Fuels and Oils

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 Appendix F: Miscellaneous 737

Physical Properties of Fuels and Oils

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738 PART 34

Physical Properties of Fuels and Oils

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 Appendix F: Miscellaneous 739

Physical Properties of Fuels and Oils

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740 PART 34

 Velocity of Sound in Various Media

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 Appendix F: Miscellaneous 741

 Voice Level Comparison at Various Distances

Directional Effect on Sound

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742 PART 34

Typical Sound Levels

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 Appendix F: Miscellaneous 743

Typical Noise Levels

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744 PART 34

Subjective Effect of Changes in Sound Characteristics

Decibel Addition

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 Appendix F: Miscellaneous 745

Acceptable HVAC Noise Levels

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746 PART 34

U.S. Postal Service Abbreviations