1. 1. Produced by Thomas Gensous, Loc Billioud, Quentin Soignon and Florence Merle 15/06/2015 Case Study Apollo 13 Apollo 13 XIII Thirteen
2. 2. The crew The original crew : James A. Lovell, Thomas Mattingly and Fred W. Haise John L. Swigert, the new Command Module pilot
3. 3. Space programs in the US Project Mercury Project Gemini Apollo Program Context - Launch - What happened ? How to survive ? - Landing- What about future ?
4. 4. Apollo Program AS-201 First unmanned flight Apollo 7 First manned Earth orbital demonstration Apollo 8 First manned flight to Moon Apollo 11 First manned landing, in Sea of Tranquility July 1624, 1969 Apollo 13 Third landing attempt aborted near the Moon, due to SM failure. Crew used LM as "life boat" to return to Earth. Apollo 14/15/16/17.
5. 5. Launch : how to create awe ? Add camera moves Reproduce what they remembered, not what they saw Add an impressive music Always have an extinguisher Context - Launch - What happened ? How to survive ? - Landing- What about future ?
6. 6. Houston we have a problem !! .The astronauts heard a "loud bang. . The crew initially thought that a meteoroid might have struck the Lunar Module. .Fluctuations in electrical power and firing of the attitude control thrusters. Context - Launch - What happened ? How to survive ? - Landing- What about future ?
7. 7. Houston, we have a problem OK Houston, weve had a problem
8. 8. Houston weve had a problem !! .The astronauts heard a "loud bang. . The crew initially thought that a meteoroid might have struck the Lunar Module. .Fluctuations in electrical power and firing of the attitude control thrusters. Context - Launch - What happened ? How to survive ? - Landing- What about future ?
9. 9. Detailed Chronology of Events Surrounding the Apollo 13 accident 55:55:20 - Swigert: "Okay, Houston, we've had a problem here." 55:55:28 - Lousma: "This is Houston. Say again please." 55:55:35 - Lovell: "Houston, we've had a problem. We've had a main B bus undervolt." 55:55:42 - Lousma: "Roger. Main B undervolt" 55:55:49 - Oxygen tank No. 2 temperature begins steady drop lasting 59 seconds indicating a failed sensor. 55:56:10 - Haise: "Okay. Right now, Houston, the voltage is -- is looking good. And we had a pretty large bang associated with the caution and warning there. And as I recall, main B was the one that had an amp spike on it once before. 55:56:30 - Lousma: "Roger, Fred " 55:56:38 - Oxygen tank No. 2 quantity becomes erratic for 69 seconds before assuming an off-scale low state, indicating a failed sensor. 55:56:54 - Haise: "In the interim here, we're starting to go ahead and button up the tunnel again. " 55:57:04 - Haise: "That jolt must have rocked the sensor on - see now - oxygen quantity 2. It was oscillating down around 20 to 60 percent. Now it's full-scale high. " 55:57:39 - Master caution and warning triggered by DC main bus B undervoltage. Alarm is turned off in 6 seconds. 55:57:40 - DC main bus B drops below 26.25 volts and continues to fall rapidly. Context - Launch - What happened ? How to survive ? - Landing- What about future ?
10. 10. The accident
11. 11. The service module
12. 12. The tanks of Apollo 13 and 14
13. 13. How to survive ?
14. 14. Failure is not an option ! Oh its a good idea for the title of my autobiography !! Gene Cranz
15. 15. -They come in the LM Aquarius the only way to make correction -Aquarius made for 2 people not 3 -They cut 80% of electrical devices in CM (expept houston communication)
16. 16. -Kranz chose the alternative circumlunar option, using the Moon's gravity to return the ship to Earth. Apollo 13 had left its initial free-return trajectory earlier in the mission, as required for the lunar landing at Fra Mauro. -Therefore, the first order of business was to re-establish the free-return trajectory with a 30.7-second burn of the DPS.
17. 17. - Carbon dioxide issue
18. 18. -Command module/Service module separation
19. 19. -Command module/lunar module separation -Only CM have a heat shield
20. 20. Simulations already existed ! Carbon dioxide filter
21. 21. Context - Launch - What happened ? How to survive ? - Landing- What about future ? Landing 17th April 1970
22. 22. Apollo 14 (1971 ): Success ! Apollo 15 (1971): Apollo 16 (1972) : Success ! Success ! Apollo 17 (1972) : Success ! Context --- Launch --- What happened ? How to survive ? --- Landing--- What about future ? Context - Launch - What happened ? How to survive ? - Landing- What about future ? What about future ?
23. 23. What about future ? Apollo 19Apollo 18 Restricted budget -> Mission Cancelled Context - Launch - What happened ? How to survive ? - Landing- What about future ? Apollo 20 Im hungry ! :( NASA budget
24. 24. Context - Launch - What happened ? How to survive ? - Landing- What about future ? What about future ? MARS New aim :