Music therapy for people with schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like disorders
Announcements Psychological Disorders—this week Today How do we define “abnormal?” ...
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AnnouncementsPsychological Disorders—this weekToday
How do we define “abnormal?”Schizophrenia
ThursdayMood DisordersAnxiety Disorders
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Abnormal Behavior
Behavior that causes people to experience distress and prevents them
from functioning in their daily lives.
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Historical Shift<1800s – superstitions:
witchcraft, demon possession, punishment by God
>1800s – medical & psychological model
What do you think changed as a result?Treatments: priest v.
doctor, exorcism v. therapy/drugs
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What is “abnormal” anyway?Deviation from average
So, is above average bad?Often being different doesn’t mean
something is wrong.Abnormality as a sense of personal
discomfortSome severely mentally ill people report
feeling happy.Abnormality as the inability to
function effectivelyMost common definition used by mental
health professionals Charles Mansonmurdered people.
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Are geniuses “abnormal”?
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Be careful!
When evaluating whether or not a behavior is “abnormal” you must be consider these:SituationCulture
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Is this normal? A man takes off his pants and
exposes himself to a woman in a place of business.
A. Yes
B. No
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Is this normal? A man takes off his pants and
exposes himself to a woman in a place of business.
A. Yes
B. No
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Is this normal?Mr. Redwood hears voices. He
speaks with gods.
A. Yes
B. No
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Is this normal?Mr. Redwood hears voices. He speaks with spirits and talks in
tongues.
A. Yes
B. No
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Be careful!
When evaluating whether or not a behavior is “abnormal” you must be consider these:SituationCulture
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How do psychologists make a diagnosis?
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Making a Diagnosis
1. Interview patient.
2. Administer questionnaires.a. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
3. Determine whether criteria have been met for any disorder
using the DSM-IV.
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DSM-IV
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition
Highly detailed and specific criteria for every disorder recognized by mental health professionals
Each diagnosis requires IMPAIRMENT IN SOCIAL, OCCUPATIONAL, OR EDUCATIONAL FUNCTIONING.
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Psychotic Disorders
Schizophrenia
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Which is another name for schizophrenia?
A. Bipolar disorder
B. Dissociative identity disorder
C. Multiple personality disorder
D. None of the above
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Schizophrenia is NOT:
Multiple personalitiesThere is a very rare and
controversial disorder called Multiple Personality Disorder or Dissociative Identity Disorder.
Bipolar (mood changes)Mood tends to be FLAT in people
with schizophrenia.
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Schizophrenia SymptomsThought disorder
Thinking does not make senseDelusions
Firmly held beliefs that are not based on reality E.g., Beliefs that people on TV are talking to you, beliefs that you are
being spied on by the government…
HallucinationsSeeing, hearing, or smelling things that are not there (sensory
experiences) E.g., hearing voices, smelling foul odors, seeing aliens…
WithdrawalDisinterest in others, talking little or not at all, not
acknowledging the presence of others
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What symptoms of schizophrenia did John Nash exhibit in A Beautiful Mind?
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Etiology, Course, & Treatment for Schizophrenia
EtiologyDecreased activity in the frontal lobeBig ventricles (holes in the brain)Too much dopamineInteraction between genes and stress
Course: ChronicTreatment
Medication Anti-psychotic medications
Decrease dopamine
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Schizophrenia Cases
Geraldhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gGnl8dqEo
PQ&feature=related
Artist’s storyhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H_jYqSA_f
Jk
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When Gerald talks about the egg and the sperm after being asked
about the picture on the wall having a headache, what symptom is he
displaying?
A. Thought disorder
B. Delusion
C. Hallucination
D. Withdrawal
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When the artist talks about hearing the voices of alien scientists, what
symptom is she describing?
A. Thought disorder
B. Delusion
C. Hallucination
D. Withdrawal
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When the talked about her belief that aliens were around her,
influencing her life, what symptom is that?
A. Thought disorder
B. Delusion
C. Hallucination
D. Withdrawal
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Schizophrenia SymptomsThought disorder
Thinking does not make senseDelusions
Firmly held beliefs that are not based on reality E.g., Beliefs that people on TV are talking to you, beliefs that you are
being spied on by the government…
HallucinationsSeeing, hearing, or smelling things that are not there (sensory
experiences) E.g., hearing voices, smelling foul odors, seeing aliens…
WithdrawalDisinterest in others, talking little or not at all, not
acknowledging the presence of others
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Case Studies
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What are the symptoms?
Raymond was an honors student in high school and is a college sophomore currently. His grades dropped dramatically last semester. He is no longer able to go to school. He used to be an avid reader, but now sits with a book open to the same page for hours. He sometimes gets into the shower with his clothes on and blows on his breakfast cereal because he says it is hot. He talks very little now and has a flat facial expression.
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Which is not a symptom described in this case study?
A. Thought disorder
B. Delusions
C. Hallucinations
D. Withdrawal
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Which is not a symptom of schizophrenia?
A. Decreased communication
B. Loss of interest in people
C. Hallucinations
D. Depressed mood
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Thank you!