Animal digestive system
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Transcript of Animal digestive system
![Page 1: Animal digestive system](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081414/54bf131d4a79599f3e8b458a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Animal
Digestive
System
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3 main groups
• Herbivore
–Plants only
• Carnivore
–Meat only
• Omnivore
–Both plants and meat
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The Digestive System
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Mechanical breakdown of food
1. Teeth
2. Contractions in stomach wall
3. Peristalsis
Rhythmic muscular contraction and relaxation in the wall of the alimentary canal causing the food to move along the canal
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Animal Teeth
Canines
Incisors Cutting
Tearing
Crushing and
grindingMolars
Pre molars
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Oesophagus
Connects Pharynx to stomach
Food moves down the Oesophagus by Peristalsis
A muscular tube
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Stomach
J shaped muscular bag
Stores food for about 4 hours
Digest food
Churns and mixes food with gastric juice forming Chyme
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Digestion in the Stomach
2. Chemical Digestion using Gastric Juice containing
a. Mucus
b. HCl
c. Pepsinogen
1. Mechanical Digestion Peristalsis physically breaks up food particles
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Small Intestine
Has three parts
1. duodenum
2. jejunum
3. ileum
Muscular tube
Functions
Digestion
Absorption
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VilliInfolding in the lining of the small intestine
Function
Increase surface area for absorption of digested food
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Large Intestine
Appendix
Caecum
Rectum Anus
Colon
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Large Intestine Functions (Colon)
1. Reabsorb water
2. Produce B group vitamins
3. Digest cellulose
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Rectum
Stores Faeces
Appendix
Caecum
Function unknown in humans
Large Intestine Functions
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Role of the Liver in digestion
The liver produces bile
Bile is a yellow-green liquid
Bile is stored in the gall bladder
Bile enters the duodenum through the bile duct
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Bile consists of
1. Water 2. Bile salts 3. Bile pigments
1. Emulsifies fat This increases the surface area of the fat droplets
2. Neutralises the acidic chyme from stomach
Function of bile
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• At the mouth the large food molecules are taken into the gut - this is called ingestion.
• They must then be broken down into smaller ones by digestive enzymes – digestion.
• they can then be taken from the gut into the blood stream - absorption.
• The cells of the body can then use these small molecules - assimilation.
• The indigestible waste products are eliminated from the body by the act of egestion.
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Three enzymes involved in digestion
1 Amylase
2 Pepsin
3 Lipase
Enzymes are biological catalysts
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Common Ailments of the Digestive system
• Constipation– Failure to pass faeces– Caused by dehydration, poor fibre in diet– Improve fibre in diet to treat
• Diarrhoea– Passing abnormal amount of faeces (usually watery)– Caused by infection, stress, colitis– Withhold food and treat with medicine
• Pancreatitis– Inflammation of the pancreas– Caused by viral infection– Withhold food for 72h and introduce low-fat diet, fluid therapy
and antibiotics
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End