Andrea's fish id project

Fish I.D

ProjectBy: Andrea Fernandez

Title: Saltwater Fish Species #: 1

Common Name: Grey Reef Shark

Scientific Name: Carcharhinus Amblyrhymchos

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata

Class: Chondrichthys Order: Carcharhinifomes

Family: Carcharhinus

Geography / Habitat: They are found in the central pacific to around Madagascar. They inhabit near coral reefs. It is most abundant near outer reef slopes though. In some regions, they are more commonly found in low coral islands rather than high coral islands. It is less likely to be present in shallow water.

Food / Feed Strategy: They feed on small, bony fish. They also eat squids, octopuses, lobsters, and shrimp. Some scientists say that they feed more on bottom-dwelling marine life rather than mid ocean species. Groups will herd schooling fish near the reef before attacking them.

● Body Form or Style: Sagittiform ● Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunnifom ● Mouth Position: Terminal

Citation: http://www.omgsharks.com/types-of-sharks/gray-reef-shark.htm


Common Name: Great Hammerhead Shark

Scientific Name: Sphyrna Mokarran

http://www.omgsharks.com/types-of-sharks/gray-reef-shark.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Grey5b.jpg


Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Carcharhiniformes

Family: Sphyrnidae

Geography / Habitat: They are found in temperate and tropical oceans around the world. It is most likely to be found near shallow water close to shore. During the summer months, they migrate to cooler waters.

Food / Feed Strategy: They have a really good sense of smell which helps find the prey easier. It feeds on other sharks and bony fishes. They’re most fond of stingrays and guitar fishes. They do not mind being stung by stingrays if they do sting.


Citation: http://www.omgsharks.com/types-of-sharks/great-hammerhead-shark.htm


Common Name: Great White Shark

Scientific Name: Carcharodon Carcharias

http://www.omgsharks.com/types-of-sharks/great-hammerhead-shark.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sphyrna_mokarran_at_georgia.jpg


Class: Condrichthyes Order: Lamniformes

Family: Lamnidae

Geography / Habitat: They live in water over continental shelves. They can also live near island coasts and reefs. They don’t like the water hot or cold. They prefer warm temperate to temperate waters. In the fall, some female sharks migrate to warmer water to give birth.

Food / Feed Strategy: Their primary diet includes fish such as sea lions, seals, sea otters, smaller whales, and smaller sharks, porpoises and dolphins, and sea turtles. Their energy comes from the fatty tissue of these animals. They don’t chew their food. They take big chunks and swallow it whole. They also attack their prey by surprise.

● Body Form or Style: Sagittiform ● Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunnifom● Mouth Position: Terminal

Citation: http://www.omgsharks.com/types-of-sharks/great-white-shark.htm


Common Name: Tiger Shark

Scientific Name: Galeocerdo Cuvier


http://www.omgsharks.com/types-of-sharks/great-white-shark.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:White_shark.jpg


Family: Carcharhinidae

Geography / Habitat: They are found in tropical water worldwide and in some temperate seas. They are known for tolerating abroad range of habitats. They can be found in deep waters, open waters, and shorelines.

Food / Feed Strategy: They are known to be one of the fiercest predators and they eat just about anything that it can catch alive. It also eats birds that sit at the top of the surface. They have also been known to be called the swimming trash cans because scientists sometimes find trash in their stomachs.


Citation: http://www.omgsharks.com/types-of-sharks/tiger-shark.htm


Common Name: Shortfin Mako Shark

Scientific Name: Isurus Oxyrinchus

Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: None

Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Lamniformes

http://www.omgsharks.com/types-of-sharks/tiger-shark.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tiger_shark.jpg

Family: Lamnidae

Geography / Habitat: They live all over the world. They live offshore in tropical and temperate waters. They sometimes are seen by open-water divers. They can be occasionally found near the shore and near islands.

Food / Feed Strategy: The adults feed on large fish such as swordfish and tuna. The babies feed on smaller fish. They can also eat other sharks and many different types of bony fish. They usually swim under their prey before they attack.


Citation: http://www.omgsharks.com/types-of-sharks/shortfin-mako-shark.htm


Common Name: Cub/Bull Shark

Scientific Name: Carcharhinus Leucas




http://www.omgsharks.com/types-of-sharks/shortfin-mako-shark.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Isurus_oxyrinchus_by_mark_conlin2.JPG

Geography / Habitat: Can live in reefs, lakes/ponds, and rivers and streams. They favor murky water for hunting. They can be found in deep and shallow water. It is one of the only sharks that can live in freshwater for long periods of time.

Food / Feed Strategy: They tend to go to murkier water when they are hunting for their food. They are actually omnivores. It preys upon fish and sharks, and just about anything it can find. Even the remains of humans to hippopotami have been found in the stomachs of these sharks.


Citation: http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Carcharhinus_leucas/


Common Name: Blacktip Reef Shark

Scientific Name: Carcharhinus limbatus




http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Carcharhinus_leucas/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bullshark_Beqa_Fiji_2007.jpg

Geography / Habitat: They are in all tropic and subtropic continental waters. They are commonly found close to the shore. They can also be found in shallow muddy bays. They can handle freshwater environments are rarely found in them. They don’t go lower than thirty feet and stay in shallow areas.

Food / Feed Strategy: They travel in school and when they attack, they spin so they can get their food in all different directions. They are primarily fish eaters and eat bony fish, and occasionally consume small sharks.


Citation: http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Carcharhinus_limbatus/


Common Name: Blue Shark

Scientific Name: Prionace glauca




http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Carcharhinus_limbatus/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Carcharhinus_melanopterus_mirihi.jpg

Geography / Habitat: They are one of the most wide-ranged sharks and are found all over major oceans. They are usually found in open water but can be occasionally found near the shore. They are sometimes found near the edge of the continental shelves.

Food / Feed Strategy: Blue sharks usually prey on up to 24 species of cephalopods and 16 species of fish. They prey on small schools of fish and nonactive animals such as squid and the blanket octopus. During the migration cycles, they are known to eat sea birds.


Citation: http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Prionace_glauca/


Common Name: Grey Nurse Shark/Sand Tiger Shark

Scientific Name: Carcharias taurus



Family: Odontaspididae

Geography / Habitat: They can be found in Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian oceans. They are in temperate and tropical waters. They are usually found in shallow waters like surf zones and many others. They are usually found in the bottom of the water column.

http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Prionace_glauca/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Prionace_glauca_1.jpg

Food / Feed Strategy: They have a range of prey from bony fish to other small sharks. They often herd fish into small groups and then attack them. They are known to have random attack frenzies, wherea large number of prey is found. They can hunt in groups of twenty or fewer, but usually travel alone.


Citation: http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Carcharias_taurus/


Common Name: Sand Tiger Shark

Scientific Name: Carcharias taurus



Family: Odontaspididae

Geography / Habitat: They can be found in the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific oceans. They are usually in temperate and tropical waters. Typically found in shallow waters, bays, surf zones and coral reefs. They have been found in deeper waters, but are more commonly found in shallow waters.

http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Carcharias_taurus/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:UShaka_Sea_World_1079-a.jpg

Food / Feed Strategy: They have a range of prey from bony fish, lobsters and crabs to other sharks. They have been known to attack their prey at random and have feeding frenzies. They sometimes travel in groups but usually travel alone.


Citation: http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Carcharias_taurus/

Title: Saltwater Fish Species #:11

Common Name: Whale Shark

Scientific Name: Rhincodon typus


Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Orectolobiformes

Family: Rhincodontidae

Geography / Habitat: They migrate from place to place very often throughout tropical seas. They are known to be in deep and shallow waters. They are found in coastal zones where there is high food productivity.

http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Carcharias_taurus/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:UShaka_Sea_World_1079-a.jpg

Food / Feed Strategy: They are known to prey on different types of plankton. They are able to feed by suction, ram feed, and active surface ram feeding. When they eat their foo, it is usually like a filter. Before it enters their mouth, it filters. They usually travel alone yet there have been times where there will be a group. They are strong, yet slow swimmers.


Citation: http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Rhincodon_typus/


Common Name: Zebra Shark

Scientific Name: Stegostoma fasciatum



Family: Stegostomatidae

Geography / Habitat: They are commonly found near warm water reefs and shallow areas. Are found in the Central, Western, Indian and Pacific oceans. They are usually found in the Australian waters. They can be found in sandy bottoms. It is occasionally found in freshwaters also. They don’t usually swim in open waters.

Food / Feed Strategy: Usually eat gastropods, crabs, and small fish. It is a nocturnal hunter so it does most of its food at night and just swims around during the day.

http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Rhincodon_typus/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Whale_shark_Georgia_aquarium.jpg


Citation: http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Stegostoma_fasciatum/


Common Name: Spiny Dogfish Shark

Scientific Name: Squalus acanthias


Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Squaliformes

Family: Squalidae

Geography / Habitat: They live in the temperate and subarctic parts of the North Atlantic and North Pacific oceans. They have been found in the Black and Mediterranean seas. One of the natives oceans they can live in is the Arctic Ocean as well.

Food / Feed Strategy: They are fish that usually travel in groups of hundreds or thousands. They prey of bony fish, smaller sharks, octopus, squid, crabs, and egg cases of some sharks.

http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Stegostoma_fasciatum/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Stegostoma_fasciatum_thailand.jpg


Citation: http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Squalus_acanthias/


Common Name: Goblin Shark

Scientific Name: Mitsukurina owstoni



Family: Mitsukurinidae

Geography / Habitat: Originally found in Japan, there is a wide range but not evenly distributed. The majority come from bays of Japan while the rest are mostly found off New Zealand, southern Africa, and in the Eastern Atlantic and Indian Oceans. They also live in the mid and deep-water zones of outer continental shelves.

Food / Feed Strategy: They feed mid-water or close to the bottom where it uses a combination of electrical sensors, smell and some eyesight to catch any vertically migrating animals that it comes across. It is also possible that they stay deep and scan the bottom for prey. They also eat squid, fish, and crabs.

http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Squalus_acanthias/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Squalus_acanthias_stellwagen.jpg


Citation: http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Mitsukurina_owstoni/


Common Name: Leopard Shark

Scientific Name: Stegostoma fasciatum



Family: Stegostomatidae

Geography / Habitat: They are commonly found around warm water reefs and sandy areas. It is common along the Australian coast. They live in the central, western and Indian Pacific oceans. It lives mainly over continental and insular shelves and is very common around coral reefs and sandy bottoms.

Food / Feed Strategy: They are mostly solitary. It is a nocturnal hunter, so most of its day is spent lazily swimming around the reef. It is a powerful swimmer with a tail that is as long as, if not longer than, its body. Natural foods include gastropod and bivalve mollusks with smaller amounts of crabs, shrimp, and small fish.

http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Mitsukurina_owstoni/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mistukurina_owstoni_museum_victoria.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Leopard_shark_(Triakis_semifasciata)_01.jpg




Common Name: White Tip Reef Shark

Scientific Name: Triaenodon obesus




Geography / Habitat: They are found in both the Indian and Pacific oceans. They exist as far west as the coasts of South Africa and Sri Lanka in the Indian Ocean and can be seen as far east as the coasts of Costa Rica and Panama in the Pacific Ocean.

Food / Feed Strategy: They live in tropical, coastal waters. Being a nocturnal animal, it spends much of the day in caves and deep crevices in coral reefs or coral reef lagoons. They share these habitats with other reef sharks. They live in among the coral reefs, most commonly between the depths of 8 and 40 meters.


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Carcharhinus_albimarginatus-shark.jpg




Common Name: Salmon Shark

Scientific Name: Lamna ditropis



Family: Lamnidae

Geography / Habitat: They are widely distributed throughout coastal and pelagic environments within the subarctic and temperate North Pacific Ocean. They are primarily pelagic, but are also found in coastal waters of the North Pacific. They generally swim in the surface layer of subarctic water, but also occur in deeper waters of warmer southern regions to at least 150m.

Food / Feed Strategy: They eat pelagic and demersal fish, mainly Pacific salmon. Salmon sharks also consume steelhead trout, Pacific herring, sardines, pollock, lancet fishes, dagger teeth, Pacific saurie, pomfrets, mackerel, lumpfishes, sculpins, and other fish that they can capture.





Common Name: Sandbar Shark

Scientific Name: Carcharhinus plumbeus




Geography / Habitat: They are found worldwide in tropical and warm temperate waters. These sharks can be found in the western Atlantic, the eastern Atlantic, the western Pacific, the western Indian, and the eastern Indian oceans. They may also be found in the Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, and the Mediterranean Sea. Sandbar sharks tend to be coastal, typically found on muddy or sandy flats in bays, harbors, estuaries and river mouths

Food / Feed Strategy: They eat small bottom fish, mollusks, and crustaceans. They also eat sardines, shad, menhaden, anchovies, sea catfishes, moray and snake eels, pipefish, barracuda, mullets, goatfishes, hair tails, Spanish mackerel, bonito, mackerel.


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Carcharhinus_plumbeus_georgia.jpg




Common Name: Grey Reef Shark

Scientific Name: Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos




Geography / Habitat: They can be found in the eastern Pacific Ocean through the western Pacific and Indian Oceans, and in the Red Sea. Grey reef sharks are most commonly encountered off the islands of Tahiti, Micronesia, Fiji, Papua New Guinea, and Malaysia. It is common on coral reefs and areas near drop-offs into deeper water.

Food / Feed Strategy: They eat bony reef fishes less than 30 cm long. It also eats squid, octopi, crabs, lobsters, and shrimp. These sharks catch their food with their jaws and sharp teeth. When hunting, grey reef sharks have been observed swimming at speeds of up to 30 mph.


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Grey5b.jpg




Common Name: Greenland Shark

Scientific Name: Somniosus microcephalus



Family: Somniosidae

Geography / Habitat: They are found in the north Atlantic, from the coast of New England and Canada to Scandinavian waters. They occasionally venture as far south as the mouth of the Seine River in France. They live mainly on continental and insular shelves. They occupy intertidal regions in addition to some river mouths and shallow bay areas during the winter months and often move to depths from 180 to 550 meters during warmer months.

Food / Feed Strategy: They eat fish, marine mammals, and carrion. Seals and small whales are also common food items. Drowned horses and reindeer have also been found in the stomachs of them.


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Somniosus_microcephalus_okeanos.jpg




Common Name: Bullhead Shark

Scientific Name: Heterodontus portusjacksoni


Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Heterodontiformes

Family: Heterodontidae

Geography / Habitat: They are found from southern coastal Australia to the central coast of Western Australia. Some have been found as far north as York Sound in Western Australia. They live in tropical marine waters usually near the bottom of rocky environments. They tend to be found in caves with sandy bottoms. They are nocturnal, bottom-dwelling sharks. Some have been found in muddy areas with sea grass.

Food / Feed Strategy: They feed primarily on invertebrates, mainly echinoderms. They eat sea urchins, starfish, polychaetes, large gastropods, prawns, crabs, barnacles, and small fishes. They eat at night on the ocean bottom.

● Body Form or Style: Sagittiform ● Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunnifom


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hornhai_(Heterodontus_francisci).JPG

● Mouth Position: Terminal

Citation: http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Heterodontus_portusjacksoni/


Common Name: Dusky Shark

Scientific Name: Carcharhinus obscurus




Geography / Habitat: They are coastal and pelagic in its distribution, where it occurs from the surf zone to well offshore, and from the surface to depths of 400 m. They live in tropical and warm temperate seas. They can also live in continental coastlines from the surf zone to the outer continental shelf and adjacent oceanic waters.

Food / Feed Strategy: They eat pelagic fishes, demersal fishes, reef fishes, including barracudas, goatfish, spadefish, groupers, scorpion fish, and porcupine fish like cartilaginous fishes, including dogfish, saw sharks, angel sharks, cat sharks, thresher sharks, smooth hounds, smaller requiem sharks, sawfish, guitarfish, skates, stingrays, and butterfly rays; and invertebrates, including cephalopods, decapod crustaceans, barnacles, and sea stars.


Citation: http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/3852/0/


http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Heterodontus_portusjacksoni/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Carcharhinus_obscurus_at_Seaworld.jpg


Common Name: Cat Shark

Scientific Name:



Family: Scyliorhinidae

Geography / Habitat: They live in warmer seas around the globe. Many species of cat shark are endemic to certain locations, for example seas off Australia or South Africa. They also most frequently live near the bottom, ranging from shallow intertidal zones to depths of more than 2000 m. Many occur along continental and insular slopes, and this deep water habitat makes many cat sharks difficult to observe and collect.

Food / Feed Strategy: Small fish and invertebrates make up the diet of most catsharks. Catsharks are relatively slow-moving and non-migratory.


Citation: http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Scyliorhinidae/

http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Scyliorhinidae/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Catshark_oedv.jpg


Common Name: Graceful Shark

Scientific Name: Squatina californica


Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Squatiniformes

Family: Squatinidae

Geography / Habitat: They live in the Eastern Pacific ocean, ranging from Costa Rica to Southern Chile and also from Southeast Alaska to the Gulf of California, though it is unusual to encounter these sharks north of California between Oregon and Southern Alaska. They live in marine temperate and tropical environments. These bottom-dwelling sharks partially bury themselves in sandy or muddy environments during the day, while at night they often take a more active approach and cruise over the bottom.

Food / Feed Strategy: They are carnivores that primarily feed on bony fish and cephalopods (squid and octopus) but are known to consume crustaceans and other types of mollusks as well. Angel sharks are most commonly found alone but they may occasionally be spotted in aggregations.


Citation: http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Squatina_californica/


http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Squatina_californica/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Squatina_australis.jpg

Common Name: Blue Shark

Scientific Name: Prionace glauca




Geography / Habitat: They are one of the most wide ranging shark species and can be found in all major oceans (except the Arctic), as well as the Mediterranean Sea and in temperate and tropical pelagic waters. Blue sharks inhabit the epipelagic and mesopelagic zones

Food / Feed Strategy: They prey on up to 24 species of cephalopods and 16 species of fish. They primarily feed upon non-active, gelatinous, mesopelagic/bathypelagic cephalopods such as blanket octopus. Prey also includes small schooling fishes, such as long-snouted lancet fish.


Citation: http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Prionace_glauca/#food_habits Title: Saltwater Fish Species #:26

Common Name: Basking Shark

http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Prionace_glauca/#food_habits

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Blueshark_300.jpg

Scientific Name: Cetorhinus maximus



Family: Cetorhinidae

Geography / Habitat: They are found in the North and South Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Basking sharks inhabit subpolar and temperate seas moving southward during the winter. They prefer surface waters of the open sea, straying inland only to breed in the summer.

Food / Feed Strategy: They swim with their mouth open widely, gillrakers straining plankton from the water. The absence of basking sharks in the winter has led to the belief that they hibernate in deep waters until the following summer and, since they lose their gill rakers in winter, possibly cease to feed during this time.


Citation: http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Cetorhinus_maximus/


Common Name: Bonnet Head Shark

Scientific Name: Sphyrna tiburo

http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Cetorhinus_maximus/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cetorhinus_maximus_by_greg_skomal.JPG



Family: Sphyrnidae

Geography / Habitat: They live in warm waters of the western hemisphere. It often travels in schools of five to fifteen individuals. Migrating schools of hundreds and even thousands of these sharks have been reported.

Food / Feed Strategy: They eat crustaceans, consisting mostly of blue crabs, but also it feeds upon shrimp, mollusks, and small fishes. This species must remain in motion at all times in order to survive. Sharks breathe through their gills and in order to receive oxygen they must force their gills open by swimming.


Citation: http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Sphyrna_tiburo/


Common Name: Long Nose Saw Shark

Scientific Name: Pristiophorus cirratus


http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Sphyrna_tiburo/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bonnethead_shark.jpg

Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Pristiophoriformes

Family: Pristiophoridae

Geography / Habitat: They are found in the waters around southern Australia’s outer continental shelf, and is endemic to that region. This includes the eastern portion of the Indian Ocean and the southwest portion of the Pacific Ocean. Long nose saw sharks prefer a variety of marine habitats including the open sea and coastal regions. They are typically found at depths below 40 meters.

Food / Feed Strategy: They eat bony fish, including cornet fishes, shrimp, small squids, and various crustaceans. Long nose saw sharks uses their barbells and snout to detect prey on the ocean floor, and then immobilize their prey by hitting it with a side-swipe of their snout, which is lined with sharp teeth.


Citation: http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Pristiophorus_cirratus/


Common Name: California Horn Shark

Scientific Name: Heterodontus francisci


Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Heterodontiformes

http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Pristiophorus_cirratus/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sketchbook_of_fishes_-_25._(Longnose)_Saw_shark_-_William_Buelow_Gould,_c1832.jpg

Family: Heterodontidae

Geography / Habitat: They live in warm-temperate and subtropical regions of the eastern Pacific. It is mainly found inhabiting the coastal areas from Southern California to the Gulf of California and also areas around Ecuador and Peru. They dwell along the water bottom frequently in kelp beds laying 8-12 meters deep.

Food / Feed Strategy: They eat small fishes and invertebrates. They have been known to eat many types of small fish; however, their chief staples are mollusks, sea urchins, and crustaceans. Since horn sharks are fairly inactive they prefer to wait for their prey to swim by before attacking it and feasting.


Citation: http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Heterodontus_francisci/


Common Name: Blunt nose Six gill Shark

Scientific Name: Hexanchus griseus


Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Hexanchiformes

Family: Hexanchidae

http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Heterodontus_francisci/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Heterodontus_francisci_catalina.jpg

Geography / Habitat: They live and thrive in the most widespread distribution of all known sharks. It is mainly a deep water shark, rarely found at depths of less than 100 m. The species seems to usually stay close to the bottom, near rocky reefs or soft sediments. They are nocturnal and remain in the deep oceans during the day but rise towards the surface at night.

Food / Feed Strategy: It is a skilled predator and is solely carnivorous, feeding on such animals as fishes, rays, and other sharks. They are sluggish in nature, their body structure enables them to reach remarkable speeds for chasing and effectively capturing prey. Aside from feeding on mollusks and marine mammals, they eat crustaceans.


Citation: http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Hexanchus_griseus/


Common Name: Swell Shark

Scientific Name: Cephaloscyllium ventriosum



Family: Scyliorhinidae

http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Hexanchus_griseus/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hexanchus_griseus.jpg

Geography / Habitat: They are found in the eastern Pacific Ocean, ranging from Central California, in the Monterey Bay, to southern Mexico and central Chile.

Food / Feed Strategy: It is a benthic and epibenthic shark living in warm-temperate and subtropical continental waters. The depth range of this species varies from inshore to 457 m and is most common at depths of 5 to 37 m.


Citation: http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Cephaloscyllium_ventriosum/


Common Name: Silver Tip Shark

Scientific Name: Carcharhiniformes albimargunatus




http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Cephaloscyllium_ventriosum/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Swell_Shark,_San_Clemente_Island,_California.jpg

Geography / Habitat: They are mainly found in tropical regions of the western Indian Ocean, including the Red Sea and eastern African waters. They are also found in the western Pacific Ocean from southern Japan to northern Australia.

Food / Feed Strategy: They are apex predators and consume benthic and mid-water organisms including wahoo, spotted eagle rays, wrasses, tuna and bonito, lantern fish, flying fish, escolar, banana fish, smaller sharks, octopus, and squid.


Citation: http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Carcharhinus_albimarginatus/


Common Name: Blunt nose sevengill shark

Scientific Name:


Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Hexanchiformes

Family: Hexanchidae

Geography / Habitat: They are a marine benthic animals associated with continental shelves. Sevengill sharks inhabit different depth ranges depending on size. In general,

http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Carcharhinus_albimarginatus/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Silver6.jpg

sevengill sharks show a preference for rocky bottom habitats although they commonly appear in muddy and sandy environments. Sevengill sharks prefer swimming slowly at the bottom but occasionally swim at the surface

Food / Feed Strategy: They hunt in groups and ambush prey by sneaking up on them and attacking at high speed. The lower jaw contains comb-shaped teeth and the teeth in the upper jaw are jagged, allowing these sharks to eat large prey.


Citation: http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Notorynchus_cepedianus/


Common Name: White Lip Shark

Scientific Name: Carcharhinus longimanus


Class: Chondrichthyes Order: Carchiniformes


Geography / Habitat: The white tip reef shark in found in both the Indian and Pacific oceans. They exist as far west as the coasts of South Africa and Sri Lanka in the Indian Ocean and can be seen as far east as the coasts of Costa Rica and Panama in the Pacific Ocean. Being a nocturnal animal, it spends much of the day in caves and deep crevices in

http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Notorynchus_cepedianus/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Notorynchus_cepedianus_2.jpg

coral reefs or coral reef lagoons. Whitetip reef sharks share these habitats with other reef sharks.

Food / Feed Strategy: Despite the docile nature of this shark during the day, during feeding at night they become very aggressive. It will thrash through coral reefs looking for food. The whitetip reef shark usually hunts alone but will work with other sharks to pursue prey throughout the coral reefs. The whitetip reef shark is considered clumsy and slow in open water, however it is still considered a pelagic predator


Citation: http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Triaenodon_obesus/


Common Name: Crocodile Shark

Scientific Name: Pseudocarcharias kamoharai



Family: Pseudocarchariidae

Geography / Habitat: They can be found in nearly all subtropical and tropical oceans of the world. Crocodile sharks are mostly pelagic; however, there have been some incidences where crocodile sharks have been found inshore.

http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Triaenodon_obesus/

http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Triaenodon_obesus/pictures/collections/contributors/cary_wien/IMG_5081/

Food / Feed Strategy: They are carnivores. They eat small bony fish, squids, and shrimp. They have protractible and muscular jaws that suggest they are capable of eating a wide variety of prey. They remain deep in the ocean by day and ascend to the surface at night.


Citation: http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Pseudocarcharias_kamoharai/


Common Name: Cookie-Cutter Shark

Scientific Name: Isistius brasiliensis



Family: Dalatiidae

Geography / Habitat: They are found in seas as far north as Japan and south to Southern Australia. It is a deep-water fish, and wide-ranging, often found near islands. They are wide-ranging creatures, found in tropical oceanic climates all across the world. They tend to be found closer to islands, but they have been caught in open sea, as well.

http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Pseudocarcharias_kamoharai/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pseudocarcharias_kamoharai.jpg

Food / Feed Strategy: They attach itself to its prey with its strong sucking mouth, and then twists about, using its sharp lower teeth to slice out a plug of flesh. It preys on deep water organisms, including crustaceans, squid, large bony fishes, cetaceans, and even large sharks. It is bioluminescent, able to emit a greenish light from its belly. It may use this light to attract the attention of potential victims.


Citation: http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Isistius_brasiliensis/


Common Name: Gummy Shark

Scientific Name: Mustelus Antarcticus



Family: Triakidae

Geography / Habitat: They are commonly found in Southern Australia, in temperate waters on the continental shelf from shore down. Some also dwell on the continental slope, to depths of 1,150 feet. Divers will often see them lying on the seabed in shallow coastal waters.

Food / Feed Strategy: Because of their unique teeth they are able to crush crabs, shrimps, and shellfish they find on smooth sea bottoms. Most travel only relatively short distances.

http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Isistius_brasiliensis/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Isistius_brasiliensis.jpg

The gummy shark often occurs in small schools composed predominantly of one sex and size group, and are most active at night.


Citation: http://www.omgsharks.com/types-of-sharks/gummy-shark.htm


Common Name: Porbeagle Shark

Scientific Name: Lamna nasus



Family: Lamnidae

Geography / Habitat: They can be found in the northern hemisphere of the Atlantic Ocean, from South Carolina in the United States to as far north as the southern edge of Svalbard, Norway. They are primarily found in the pelagic and littoral zones and prefer cold, offshore fishing banks. They often remain in deeper waters during winter and occasionally come inshore during summer.

Food / Feed Strategy: They eat pelagic fishes including lancet fish, herring, sardines or pilchards, sauries, and mackerel. Secondary prey includes cusk, cod, and redfish. Occasionally they may feed on other sharks such as tope and spiny dogfish. Porbeagles

http://www.omgsharks.com/types-of-sharks/gummy-shark.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mustelus_antarcticus1.jpg

have also been documented consuming sea snails and sea urchins, which suggests they may forage at the bottom of the water column.


Citation: http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Lamna_nasus/


Common Name: Seal Shark

Scientific Name: Dalatias licha



Family: Dalatiidae

Geography / Habitat: Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans. This species is a deep-water shark found mainly in warm-temperate and tropical outer continental and insular shelves and slopes, usually on or near bottom in depths.

Food / Feed Strategy: They feed mainly on deep water fishes, may take bites out of large live prey, the young feed more on cephalopods. This shark is thought to be a solitary species. Hovers above bottom (large-filled liver provides neutral buoyancy) and swims well off the bottom.

http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Lamna_nasus/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Dalatias_licha_csiro-nfc.jpg


Citation: http://www.omgsharks.com/types-of-sharks/seal-shark.htm


Common Name: Silky Shark

Scientific Name: Carcharhinus falciformis




Geography / Habitat: Silky sharks are mostly found in the coastal and oceanic waters of tropical oceans. They favor sub-tropical waters and are among the world’s most abundant shark species. They are highly migratory sharks, but have been known to concentrate in the Gulf of Aden, the Gulf of Mexico, and along the coast of southern Baja California.

Food / Feed Strategy: They eat fish, squid, and pelagic crabs, including red crab, jumbo squid, and chub mackerel. They primarily feed on schooling fish, most likely because of an increased likelihood of catching more prey, which reduces the amount of energy used in foraging.

http://www.omgsharks.com/types-of-sharks/seal-shark.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Carcharhinus_falciformis_off_Cuba.jpg


Citation: http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Carcharhinus_falciformis/

Title: Freshwater Fish Species #:41

Common Name: Black Bass

Scientific Name: Micropterus dolomieu


Class: Actinopterygii Order: Perciformes

Family: Centrarchidae

Geography / Habitat: Rocky Mountains in North America, the Hudson Bay basin in Canada then to northeastern Mexico. They live among dark water tend to be rather torpedo shaped and very dark brown in order to be more efficient for feeding. They tend to hide next to docks, logs, submerged brush/rocks, underwater ridges, or near an abrupt drop-off. Food / Feed Strategy: feed on small fish, crayfish, worms, lizards, insects, mice, small birds, and frogs

http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Carcharhinus_falciformis/

Body Form or Style: Compressiform and Rover predatorsSwim / Locomotion Style: CarangiformMouth Position: The upper jaw of smallmouth bass extends to the middle of the eye

Title: Freshwater Fish Species #: 42

Common Name: Nile Tilapia

Scientific Name: Oreochromis niloticus



Family: Cichlidae

Geography / Habitat: They live in Africa from Egypt south to East and Central Africa, and as far west as Gambia. It is also native to Israel, and numerous introduced populations exist outside its natural range.

Food / Feed Strategy: The Nile tilapia is an omnivore that feeds on both plankton and aquatic plants and feeds in shallow waters. The Nile tilapia typically feeds during daytime hours. In general, tilapias are macrophyte-feeders, feeding on a diverse range of filamentous algae and plankton.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Oreochromis-niloticus-Nairobi.JPG


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nile_tilapia


Common Name: Blue Tilapia

Scientific Name: Oreochromis aureus



Family: Cichlidae

Geography / Habitat: Widespread and abundant in Florida; found in fertile lakes, ponds, rivers, streams, and canals. It is tolerant of saltwater and found in some near shore marine habitats, such as Tampa Bay.

Food / Feed Strategy: Feed primarily on plankton and small organisms living in or on bottom detritus; three most common foods consumed in Lake Alice and Lake George were diatoms, green algae, and detritus

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nile_tilapia


Citation: http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/nonnatives/blue-tilapia/


Common Name: American Shad

Scientific Name: Alosa sapidissima


Class: Actincptierygii Order: Clupeiformes

Family: Clupeidae

Geography / Habitat: Lives in the sea, but swims up fresh rivers to spawn. In Florida, it occurs only in the northeast, mostly in the St. Johns River and Nassau River when it returns from the ocean to spawn, typically between late December and early April.

Food / Feed Strategy: Primarily feed on plankton, swimming with their mouths open and gill covers extended while straining the water. They also eats small crustaceans, insects, fish eggs, algae, and small fish.

http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/nonnatives/blue-tilapia/

http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/nonnatives/blue-tilapia/


Citation: http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/american-shad/


Common Name: Banded Tilapia

Scientific Name: Tilapia sparrmanii



Family: Cichlidae

Geography / Habitat: They in a widely diverse habitat; it favors areas where plant cover exists along the edges of rivers, lakes or swamps and prefers shallow sheltered waters and does not colonize the open water of large lakes. Adults feed preferentially on filamentous algae, aquatic macrophyte and vegetable matter of terrestrial origin.

Food / Feed Strategy: The Banded Tilapia does prefer still water (Such as dams, lakes) with submerged aquatic plants and vegetation. These Kurper can attain 25 centimeters and reach a weight of almost 600 grams. Banded Tilapia are omnivorous fish and feed on algae, plants, insects and small fish or fry.

● Body Form or Style: Sagittiform

http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/american-shad/

● Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunnifom ● Mouth Position: Terminal

Citation: http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/181777/0


Common Name: Okavango Tilapia

Scientific Name: Tilapia ruweti



Family: Cichlidae

Geography / Habitat: They live in swamps and floodplain habitats, especially enriched pans and well-vegetated shallow littoral margins of Drainage Rivers. It is found in very shallow water in the margins of swamps and floodplains, and also in flooded grasses on the floodplain at high water.

Food / Feed Strategy: It feeds on detritus, soft plants and insect larvae. Males establish a territory and attract a ripe female to form a pair bond.



http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/182877/0



Common Name: Atlantic Sturgeon

Scientific Name: Acipenser Oxyrinchus


Class: Actinopterygii Order: acipenseriformes

Family: scipenseridae

Geography / Habitat: Its range extends from New Brunswick, Canada to the eastern coast of Florida. They stay in blackish water where they are born before moving to the ocean.

Food / Feed Strategy: Sturgeons are bottom-feeders. This combination of a sub terminal mouth and barbells make the sturgeon well designed for sensing and capturing benthic prey. Their diet consists of worms, crustaceans, insect larvae, and mollusks.


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_Sturgeon

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_Sturgeon

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Acipenser_oxyrhynchus.jpg


Common Name: Brown Bullhead

Scientific Name: Ameriurus nebulosus


Class: Actinopterygii Order: siluriformes

Family: ictaluride

Geography / Habitat: The brown bullhead thrives in a variety of habitats, including lakes and ponds with low oxygen and/or muddy conditions. Lakes, ponds with low oxygen or muddy conditions in North America, Canada, and Quebec.

Food / Feed Strategy: Brown bullheads eat just about anything: insects, leeches, snails, fish, clams, plants, and so on.


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brown_bullhead

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brown_bullhead


Common Name: Spotted Tilapia

Scientific Name: Pelmatolapia mariae



Family: Cichlidae

Geography / Habitat: They have also established large feral populations outside of their native ranges, such as in Florida and Australia. Spotted mangrove cichlids live in a variety of habitats. They have been found in both still and flowing waters, in shallow and deep water, in places where there is both little or no coverage and in rocky and debris-strewn areas.

Food / Feed Strategy: Omnivorous, feeding on wide variety of food items, although most stomachs contain detritus, diatoms, algae, and sand indicating this tilapia, like most others, feed low on the food chain.


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spotted_tilapia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spotted_tilapia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tilapia123.JPG


Common Name: Guinean Tilapia

Scientific Name: Tilapia guineensis



Family: Cichlidae

Geography / Habitat: from the coastal waters from the mouth of the Senegal River to mouth of the Cuanza River. This species was introduced from the Ivory Coast to the former USSR in 1978. It is probably not established in the wild.

Food / Feed Strategy: feeds on shrimps, bivalves, plankton and detritus. This species is oviparous.





http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=EjxgquCTg-kQ7M&tbnid=c2-8-dDm2vPEgM:&ved=0CAgQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffishbase.sinica.edu.tw%2FSummary%2FSpeciesSummary.php%3Fid%3D2488&ei=UWTEUtmLJ6f32QWdqIDABw&psig=AFQjCNFaUcD7jlSs20Ydngmbwzn2GWXt0A&ust=1388688849688309

Common Name: Wami Tilapia

Scientific Name: Oreochromis urolepis hornorum



Family: Cichlidae

Geography / Habitat: considered a useful food fish in Tanzania and the island of Zanzibar, where it may have been introduced by man. It is tolerant of brackish water and grows well in saline pools, making it particularly suitable for aquaculture by communities living close to the sea.

Food / Feed Strategy: Like other tilapia it is an omnivore and will feed on algae, plants, small invertebrates, and detritus. The common name refers to the Wami River.


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wami_tilapia


Common Name: Mozambique Tilapia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wami_tilapia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tilapia_mossambica_Pune.JPG

Scientific Name: Oreochromis mossambicus



Family: Cichlidae

Geography / Habitat: The Mozambique tilapia is native to coastal regions and the lower reaches of rivers in southern Africa, from the Zambezi River delta to Bushman River in the Eastern Cape. It is now found in many tropical and subtropical habitats around the globe, where it can become an invasive species due to its robust nature.

Food / Feed Strategy: Mozambique tilapia are omnivorous. They can consume detrital material, diatoms, invertebrates, small fry and vegetation ranging from microalgae to rooted plants. This broad diet helps the species thrive in diverse locations


Citation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mozambique_tilapia


Common Name: Channel Catfish

Scientific Name: Ictalurus punctatus

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mozambique_tilapia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Oreochromis_mossambicus.JPG


Class: Actinopterygii Order: Siluriformes

Family: Ictaluridae

Geography / Habitat: Channel catfish are found throughout Florida, and spawn in holes and crevices.

Food / Feed Strategy: Primarily bottom feeders, channels also feed higher up. Major foods are aquatic insects, crayfish, mollusks, crustaceans and fish - not detritus or decaying material.


Citation: http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/channel-catfish/


Common Name: Blue Catfish

Scientific Name:


http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/channel-catfish/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ictalurus_punctatus.jpg


Family: Ictaluridae

Geography / Habitat: Originally found in the Escambia and Yellow rivers in northwest Florida, they are now also in the Apalachicola and Suwannee. Blues occur in big rivers and in the lower reaches of major tributaries. They prefer clearer, swifter water than other catfish, and are usually found over sand, gravel or rock bottoms.

Food / Feed Strategy: Young blues eat aquatic insects and small fish while larger blues prefer crayfish, mussels and other fish.


Citation: http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/blue-catfish/


Common Name: Yellow Catfish

Scientific Name: Ameiurus natalis



http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/blue-catfish/

Family: Ictaluridae

Geography / Habitat: The habitat is variable and includes vegetated areas of clear, shallow lakes, reservoirs, ponds, and slow-flowing streams. They are more tolerant of polluted environments than most other members of the catfish family.

Food / Feed Strategy: Though scavengers, yellow bullheads prefer to feed on minnows, snails, shrimp and crayfish.


Citation: http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/yellow-bullhead/


Common Name: Walking Catfish

Scientific Name: Clarias batrachus



Family: Ictaluridae

http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/yellow-bullhead/

Geography / Habitat: Prefers shallow and highly vegetated water bodies; sometimes abundant in small deeper ponds without normal complement of native fishes. They sometimes dominate small Everglade’s pools during the dry season, but not necessarily to the exclusion of native fishes.

Food / Feed Strategy: Opportunistic consuming a wide variety of food items including small fishes, aquatic insects, plant material, and detritus; also scavenges on dead fish


Citation: http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/nonnatives/walking-catfish/


Common Name: White Catfish

Scientific Name: Silonia childreni



Family: Ictaluridae

http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/nonnatives/walking-catfish/

http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/nonnatives/walking-catfish/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Clarias_batrachus.jpg

Geography / Habitat: Found statewide in rivers and streams and in slightly brackish coastal waters.

Food / Feed Strategy: Although fish are their major food, whites also eat larval aquatic insects, small crustaceans, fish eggs and aquatic plants. They may feed at night, but are not as nocturnal as other catfish.


Citation: http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/white-catfish/


Common Name: Blue Gill

Scientific Name: Lepomis macrochirus




Geography / Habitat: Bluegill are common throughout Florida but are best known in lakes and ponds

http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/white-catfish/

Food / Feed Strategy: Bluegill eat mostly insects and their larvae. Bluegill spawn throughout summer, congregating in large "beds". Anglers may find 30-40 shallow nests scooped out in sandy areas.


Citation: http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/bluegill/


Common Name: Black Crappie

Scientific Name: Pomoxis nigromaculatus




Geography / Habitat: Unlike most other panfish, crappie spend much of their time offshore feeding on small fish in lakes or in large slow-moving clear water rivers.

http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/bluegill/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lepomis_macrochirus_photo.jpg

Food / Feed Strategy: They nest in colonies from February to April. Nests are fanned by males over gravel or muddy bottoms in depths of 3-8 feet, with big fish deeper. Primary food items are crustaceans, aquatic insects and small fishes.


Citation: http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/black-crappie/


Common Name: Bowfin

Scientific Name: Amia calva


Class: Actinopterygii Order: Amiiformes

Family: Amiidae

Geography / Habitat: Prefers swamps, or backwaters of lowland streams. They live in warm, poorly oxygenated waters.

Food / Feed Strategy: Males clear a nest among heavy vegetation. Eggs are laid at night and males guard them. Larvae use an adhesive organ to anchor themselves.

http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/black-crappie/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pomoxis_nigromaculatus1.jpg


Citation: http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/bowfin/


Common Name: Chain Pickerel

Scientific Name:


Class: Actinopterygii Order: Esociformes

Family: Esocidae

Geography / Habitat: Found statewide, normally in vegetated lakes, swamps and backwaters of small to large rivers.

Food / Feed Strategy: Spawning occurs in late winter to spring among heavy aquatic weed growth or flooded grasses, in water from a few inches deep to several feet deep. Large number of adhesive eggs are scattered over vegetation.

http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/bowfin/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Amia_calva1.jpg


Citation: http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/chain-pickerel/


Common Name: Redbreast Sunfish

Scientific Name: Lepomis auritus




Geography / Habitat: Also known as river bream and redbellies, these are the flowing water cousins of bluegill. Redbellies often can be found in backwater areas with less flow, especially where there are sandy bottoms. Common in rivers of north Florida, but absent from south Florida.

Food / Feed Strategy: The redbreast's diet is probably the most varied of any of the sunfishes. Principal food organisms are bottom-dwelling insect larvae, snails, clams, shrimp, crayfish, and small fish. Compared to some sunfish, redbreasts grow slowly. Redbreast reach six inches in about two to three years.

http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/chain-pickerel/


Citation: http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/redbreast-sunfish/


Common Name: Redear Sunfish

Scientific Name: Lepomis microlophus




Geography / Habitat: Redear prefer hard bottoms, congregating in deeper water than bluegill

Food / Feed Strategy: They prefer snails and clams, giving them their common nickname. Shell cracker grow larger than bluegill, with fish over 1 pound common.

http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/redbreast-sunfish/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lepomis_auritus.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Redearsunfishnctc.jpg


Citation: http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/redear-sunfish/

Title: Freshwater Fish Species #: 64

Common Name: Shaol Bass

Scientific Name: Micropterus cataractae




Geography / Habitat: Although historically found in the Apalachicola River, habitat degradation has all but eliminated shoal bass from the river proper. Very limited numbers of shoal bass can be found just downstream from Jim Woodruff Dam, where a few "shoal" type habitats still remain. The best destination to catch shoal bass in Florida is the Chipola River.

Food / Feed Strategy: Shoal bass primarily eat crustaceans but will also eat a variety of fish and insects. Shoal bass are primarily found among river but larger shoal bass can often be found in the deeper pools containing limestone formations above and below the shoals.

http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/redear-sunfish/


Citation: http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/shoal-bass/


Common Name: Spotted Sunfish

Scientific Name: Lepomis punctatus




Geography / Habitat: The preferred habitat is slow-moving, heavily vegetated streams and rivers with limestone, sand, or gravel substrates. A nest-builder that tends to be more solitary than other members of the sunfish family

Food / Feed Strategy: The bulk of their diet consists of a variety of plants and animals that are usually associated with aquatic vegetation, brush, or rubble.

http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/shoal-bass/


Citation: http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/spotted-sunfish/


Common Name: Black Acaria

Scientific Name: Cichlasoma bimaculatum



Family: Cichlidae

Geography / Habitat: Most common in shallow, stagnant, roadside ditches or similarly disturbed habitats that normally contain few other fishes; infrequent in larger canals and lakes; early success of this fish in Florida led to an erroneous conclusion that it would have significant negative effects on native fishes

Food / Feed Strategy: Fish remains were found in nearly half the stomachs examined, along with aquatic insects, plant material, snails, and detritus.

http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/spotted-sunfish/


Citation: http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/nonnatives/black-acaria/


Common Name: American Eel

Scientific Name: Anguilla rostrata


Class: Actinopterygii Order: Anguilliformes

Family: Anguillidae

Geography / Habitat: American eels are found in waters with coastal access along the Atlantic seaboard of the US. Eels are primarily riverine but access ponds and lakes. They orient to structure and flow.

Food / Feed Strategy: American eels are opportunistic feeders, which means they eat whatever food is available to them. They are considered carnivorous and eat a variety of food, including fish, frogs, insects and dead organisms.

http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/nonnatives/black-acaria/

http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/nonnatives/black-acaria/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:American_Eel.jpg


Citation: http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/american-eel/


Common Name: Swamp Eel

Scientific Name: Monopterus albus


Class: Actinopterygii Order: Synbranchiformes

Family: Synbranchidae

Geography / Habitat: Prefers shallow, sluggish, standing, or even stagnant waters and dense vegetation; often burrows or submerges in mud bottoms; can live in waters without oxygen because it breathes air. In native range found in ponds, canals, ditches, rice-fields, and swamps and is reported to survive in moist mud during dry season.

Food / Feed Strategy: Feeds primarily on small fishes, crayfish, grass shrimp, and worms; due to mouth width, the largest food a 30-inch swamp eel can eat is about the same as what a 9-inch largemouth bass can eat; due to mouth size, weak swimming attributes, and poor vision, swamp eels do not appear to be affecting native fish in canals.

http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/american-eel/


Citation: http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/nonnatives/swamp-eel/


Common Name: Striped Bass

Scientific Name: Morone saxatilis



Family: Moronidae

Geography / Habitat: In Florida, striped bass are found primarily in the St. Johns River and its tributaries, and a few panhandle rivers. Striped bass need long stretches of flowing water to reproduce successfully. These conditions are rare in Florida.

Food / Feed Strategy: Stripers do not tolerate water temperatures over 75˚F for long. During Florida summers, striped bass become less active and must find cool water to survive. Striped bass populations depend on annual stockings from FWC and federal hatcheries.

● Body Form or Style: Sagittiform ● Swim / Locomotion Style: Thunnifom

http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/nonnatives/swamp-eel/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Morone_saxatilis.png

● Mouth Position: Terminal

Citation: http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/striped-bass/


Common Name: White Bass

Scientific Name: Morone chrysops



Family: Moronidae

Geography / Habitat: White bass are found mostly in the Apalachicola and Ochlocknee river systems.

Food / Feed Strategy: White bass eat minnows and open-water baitfish like gizzard or threadfin shad.


Citation: http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/white-bass/

http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/white-bass/

http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/striped-bass/


Common Name: Spotted Bass

Scientific Name: Micropterus punctulatus




Geography / Habitat: They prefer small to medium streams and rivers with clear, slow-moving water, and gravel or rock bottoms. Seldom found in natural lakes, and they do not enter brackish water.

Food / Feed Strategy: Grow slower than largemouth bass and do not attain as large a size as other black bass.


Citation: http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/spotted-bass/

http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/spotted-bass/


Common Name: Suwannee Bass

Scientific Name: Micropterus notius




Geography / Habitat: Originally restricted to the Suwannee and Ochlocknee rivers, they now are in the Santa Fe, Ichetucknee, St. Marks, Aucilla and Wacissa systems. They prefer rapidly flowing water along rocky shoals.

Food / Feed Strategy: Feeds primarily on small fishes, crayfish, grass shrimp, and worms


Citation: http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/suwannee-bass/

http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/suwannee-bass/


Common Name: warmouth

Scientific Name: Lepomis gulosus




Geography / Habitat: Warmouths inhabit swamps, marshes, shallow lakes, slow-moving streams and canals with soft, muddy bottoms. They stay around aquatic vegetation, stumps and snags and under the banks of streams and ponds. They have more tolerance for muddy water than most species.

Food / Feed Strategy: Crayfish, shrimp, insects and small fishes make up the bulk of their diet. Most feeding is done in the morning, as it appears to sleep at night.


Citation: http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/warmouth/

http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/warmouth/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Chaenobryttus_gulosus.jpg


Common Name: Brown Hoplo

Scientific Name: Hoplosternum littorale



Family: Callichthyidae

Geography / Habitat: Occur in a variety of freshwater habitats including muddy bottom and slow moving rivers, streams, side channels, ponds, marshes, and man-made waterways such as ditches and borrow pits; larvae and juveniles inhabit shallow water areas with lots of vegetation; adults prefer foraging in deeper, open water areas

Food / Feed Strategy: Primarily feeds on benthic invertebrates and detritus


Citation: http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/nonnatives/brown-hoplo/


http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/nonnatives/brown-hoplo/

http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/nonnatives/brown-hoplo/

Common Name: Sucker

Scientific Name: Catostomidae


Class: Actinopterygii Order: Cypriniformes

Family: Catostomidae

Geography / Habitat: Suckers can be found throughout the state, but most species are concentrated in northwest Florida. Spotted suckers are found in northern Florida streams, from the Perdido River to the Suwannee River.

Food / Feed Strategy: These fish use their small sucker mouth to “vacuum” small insects or other invertebrates from lake or stream bottoms. Suckers play an important role in the ecology of many Florida waters, often providing food for game fish.


Citation: http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/sucker/


Common Name: Clown Knifefish

http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/sucker/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Quillback.jpg

Scientific Name: Notopterus chitala


Class: Actinopterygii Order: Osteoglossiformes

Family: Notopteridae

Geography / Habitat: Lakes, swamps, and river backwaters; young fish occur in schools among aquatic plants and submerged roots; adults tend to be loaners commonly found near shore in areas with overhanging vegetation or docks; utilizes air to survive in warm, stagnant waters with little oxygen.

Food / Feed Strategy: Feeds on a variety of prey including small fish, insects, and grass shrimp.


Citation: http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/nonnatives/clown-knifefish/


Common Name: Grass Carp

Scientific Name: Ctenopharyngodon

http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/nonnatives/clown-knifefish/

http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/nonnatives/clown-knifefish/


Class: Actinopterygii Order: Cypriniformes

Family: Cyprinidae

Geography / Habitat: Only occurs where stocked within Florida. In its native range it occurs in lakes, ponds, pools and backwaters of large rivers but prefers large, slow-flowing or standing water bodies with vegetation. Food / Feed Strategy: As the name implies grass carp consume higher aquatic plants and submerged grasses they will also eat detritus, insects and other invertebrates when necessary. Because of their feeding behavior, they are used in this country under special restricted circumstances to help manage aquatic plant problems


Citation: http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/nonnatives/grass-carp/


Common Name: Suckermouth Catfish

Scientific Name: Pterygoplichthy multiradiatus


http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/nonnatives/grass-carp/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Grass-Carp1web.jpg


Family: Loricariidae

Geography / Habitat: Sailfin catfish live in nearly any type of slow moving streams, canals, ponds, and lakes; and are normally most abundant along the shore and in shallower waters. They are known to create spawning burrows along shorelines, sometimes undermining canal banks and lake shorelines.

Food / Feed Strategy: 100% of stomachs that were examined contained detritus, and most also contained algae, sand, small freshwater bivalves, water fleas, and decaying matter; most active around dusk when root around bottom looking for worms and insect larvae; sucker-like mouth used to scrape algae from stones and other surfaces with their spoon shaped teeth.


Citation: http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/nonnatives/suckermouth-catfish/


Common Name: Jaguar Guapote

Scientific Name: Cichlasoma managuense



http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/nonnatives/suckermouth-catfish/

http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/nonnatives/suckermouth-catfish/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Liposarcus_multiradiatus_01_ssj_20050321.jpg

Family: Cichlidae

Geography / Habitat: Currently found in southeast Florida box-cut canals; tolerant of poor water quality. In native range occupy a variety of habitats including rivers and lakes with muddy, sandy, and rocky bottoms.

Food / Feed Strategy: Medium-sized opportunistic predator; feeds primarily on small fish and aquatic insects; also consumes some snails, worms, and even an occasional lizard


Citation: http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/nonnatives/jaguar-guapote/


Common Name: Mayan Cichlid

Scientific Name: cichlasoma urophthalmus



Family: Cichlidae

http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/nonnatives/jaguar-guapote/

http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/nonnatives/jaguar-guapote/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Parachromis_managuensis_2012_G1.jpg

Geography / Habitat: Very adaptable and lives well in variety of habitats including canals, rivers, lakes and marshes; tolerates wide range of salinities.

Food / Feed Strategy: Consumes grass shrimp, small fish, snails, and insects along with some incidental detritus and vegetative matter.


Citation: http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/nonnatives/mayan-cichlid/

http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/nonnatives/mayan-cichlid/

http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/fish/freshwater/nonnatives/mayan-cichlid/

Andrea's fish id project

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Transcript of Andrea's fish id project