ANALYSIS-Amey and Mahesh Updated
Transcript of ANALYSIS-Amey and Mahesh Updated
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PROJECT REPORT TITLED
CHS
SUBMITTED BY
MAHESH VARAK
&
AMEY RANGNEKAR
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF
PROF. (MRS.) SHITAL PATIL
SUBMITTED TO
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
VIVEKANAND EDUCATION SOCIETYS
COLLEGE OF ARTS, SCIENCE & COMMERCE
SINDHI SOCIETY, CHEMBUR MUMBAI 400071
2009- 2010
A Project Report titled
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Developments in software engineering have given rise to
many modern innovative and useful software. The ever
growing need for software is the real reason for it. This
report is also going to introduce you to such a step.
Nowadays the computers are being used in almost
every field. To make work more easier and time saving, the
computers with new software versions, new technologies are
being developed. They are not only used in large scale
organization but also in small scale organization to make
work easier. Therefore we have designed a system, CHS
which is used to automate the manual process of calculating
the Charges and other functions of a Housing Society.
CHS software is being prepared for the Prashant
CHS located n Kandivli (E). Our designed system consists of
salient features: it will help to store records related to house
owners of the Society more efficiently and sort them as per
the convenience of the client. The system will automate the
process for managing his functions and make it much more
easier and faster.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We have great pleasure in presenting this project entitled, CHS
and we grab this opportunity to convey our immense regards
towards all the distinguished people who have their invaluable
contributions in the hour of need.
First of all we express my vote of thanks to our V.E.S.
College and PrincipalMrs. Dr.J.K. Phadnis.
We would also like to thank our Coordinator, HOD Mrs.
Jayalakshmi Shrinivasan & Project guide Mrs. Shital Patil
for his timely support in the completion of this project.
We are highly obliged to the teaching members of the
Information technology who have spared efforts in making the
project a successful endeavor. We would also like to thank non-
teaching staff members Sushil.
We would like to thank all others, who have extended their
support to complete this project.
Last but not the least we extend our sincere thanks and
appreciation to our family without their support and motivation
this project was not possible
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PERT / CPM
PERT/CPM is a method of scheduling a project based on individualtasks or activities. A PERT/CPM chart is a charting method that showsrelationships among tasks. PERT/CPM stands for project evaluation and reviewtechnique/critical path method.
By defining which tasks can be done concurrently and which ones must bedone serially. The longest path, from the first task to the lat task, of dependenttasks is called as critical path, because if any of the tasks on that path slips, thenthe entire project schedule will slip. Other tasks not on the critical path usuallyhave some slack time. The slack time for a task is the amount of time that the taskcan slip without affecting the schedule.
A PFRT/CPM chart graphically shows these dependencies, the critic path,and the slack times. It has definitely proved an effective tool for us to develop the
project schedule. It is always juggling act to balance the availability and work load.Developing a PERT/CPM is a four-step process:
Identify all the tasks. Determine the amount of work to complete each task. For each task, identify the immediate predecessor task. Chart the tasks on the PERT/CPM chart, calculating start and finish time for
each task.
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The description of the PERT Node Box is as
follows:
The other charting technique used is the Gantt chart. A
Gantt chart presents the task as horizontal bars where the
vertical ticks are calendar days and weeks. Thus a Gantt chart
does not show the dependencies quite as graphically, but it does
show calendar information well.
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WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE FOR
PROJECT PLANNING
Sr. No Activity Days
1 Requirement Gathering1.1 Meet Client 1
1.2 Determine scope and objective 2
1.3 Reviewing different technologies to implement theproject
2 Analysis
2.1 Selecting the appropriate protocol 6
2.2 Selecting The technology 5
2.3 Objectives & scope of project 6
2.4 Feasibility study of requirement 6
3 Design
3.1 Designing the architecture of the software 5
3.2 Designing the flow of software 7
3.3 Designing the algorithm to suit the requirement 5
3.4 Designing the UI 5
4 Coding
4.1 Implementing the algorithms 10
4.2 Coding the different modules 10
4.3 Integrating the modules 5
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5 Testing
5.1 Deploying the software on emulator 4
5.2 Testing each module on emulator 5
5.3 Finding defects and fix them 8
5.4 Testing on mobile 6
5.5 Checking the validations 1
5.6 Verifying the software according to requirements 2
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Gantt chart
A Gantt chart is a graphical representation of the duration
of tasks against the progression of time. A Gantt chart is a
popular type of bar chart that aims to show the timing of tasks or
activities as they occur over a period of time. Although the Gantt
chart did not initially indicate the relationship between activities
this has become more common in current usage as both timing
and interdependencies can be identified.
In project management, a Gantt chart can show when the
project terminal elements start and finish, summary elements
(shown) or terminal element dependencies (not shown). A
terminal element is defined as the smallest task tracked as part of
the project effort.
Since the initial introduction ofGantt charts, they have becomean industry standard as a key project management tool for
representing the phases, tasks and activities that are scheduled as a
part of a Project Work Breakdown Structure or timeline of
activities.
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TASK Dec Jan Feb Mar
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
1.Planning Phase
Define the
problem
Work breakdown
structure
Product Project
Schedule
2.Analysis Phase
Gather
Information
Define System
Requirement
Objectives and
feasibility
3.Design Phase
Design each
component
Design database
Design system
flow
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4.Coding Phase
Write Code for
Individual
component
Integrate the
components
5.Testing Phase
Unit Testing
System testing
Integration testing
6.Implementatio
nPhase
Base Line Schedule
Actual Time
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Process involved
We should adopt a process model thatdescribes the various phases involved in software
development.
The most basic process model used in web
site development should be familiar to most people or
simply Top-down Approach. The basic web projectprocess starts with a big picture & narrows down to the
specific steps necessary to complete the site. The
model starts with a planning stage, then a design
phase, then implementation & testing, & ends with a
maintenance phase. In software engineering this model
is often called the Modified Waterfall Model or
sometimes the Software Lifecycle Model, because it
describes the phases in the lifetime of software. Each
stage in the waterfall model proceeds one after another
until conclusion.
Even though, this process does not deal
well with change, this is a simple model for the site
design continues to be very popular & it is easy to
understand & easy to follow.
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The Modified Waterfall Model works better
in most cases than the classic waterfall model. It has
the same breakdown of development tasks, but has the
additional feature of feedback to make things better.
A MODIFIED WATERFALL MODEL
V & V: Verification and Validation
PROBLEM
REQUIREMENT
DESIGN
IMPLEMENTATION &
UNIT TESTING
INTEGRATION &
SYSTEM TESTING
RELEASE
OPERATION &
V & V
V & V
V & V
V & V
V & V
V & V
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TABLE OF CONTENT
SERIAL
NO.
CONTENTS PAGE
NO.
1. ANALYSIS PHASE 1
A. System Study 2
Problems statement. 3
Problem with current system. 4
Questionnaire 5
Objectives and Scope of the
system
6
Advantages of existing system. 7
B. Feasibility Study
Cost Benefit Analysis(CBA)
C. Requirement Specification
Tools & Technology used.
2. DESIGN PHASE
Class Diagram
Activity Diagram
Sequence Diagram
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Collaboration Diagram
E-R Diagram
Use Case Diagram
Event Table
4. IMPLEMENTATION PHASE
Screen Layouts.
5. TESTING PHASE
Types of testing
5. VALIDATION.
6. SYSTEM MAINTENANCE &
EVALUATION.
7. FUTURE ENHANCEMENT OF OUR
PROJECT
8. BIBLIOGRAPHY
Books referred, Sites Visited, andEncyclopedia
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1. ANALYSIS PHASE
A.SYSTEM STUDY
1. PROBLEM STATEMENT The existing system of Prashant Co-Operative HousingSociety is not automated, so our aim is to automate it.
The processes such as keeping the records of all thehouse owners and other miscellaneous work(painting,
leakage or any other repair work)is in the form ofhardcopy which is space consuming and the calculation ofthe maintenance amount is done manually which is timeconsuming.
The processes such as parking charges, penalty chargeon the delayed payment and keeping the track of ownerswho have given their rooms on rent are maintained indifferent record books. Hence it becomes a tedious taskfor the person concerned to go through all the record
books while preparing the bills.The proposed system will overcome all this problemsfaced by the existing system.
2. PROBLEMS WITH THE CURRENT SYSTEM: -
Lack of immediate retrievals: -Theinformation is very difficult to retrieve and tofind particular information.
Lack of immediate information storage: -The information generated by varioustransactions takes time and efforts to be storedat right place.
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Error prone manual calculation: - Manualcalculations are error prone and take a lot of
time this may result in incorrect information.
Preparation of accurate and promptreports: - This becomes a difficult task asinformation is difficult to collect from variousregisters.
Privacy of information cannot be maintained.
Generating report details on yearly, monthly andweekly basis is tedious.
There is no proper authorization i.e. anyone cangain access to records.
Therefore, to defeat all these problems, we
are developing software which will meet all the needs of
the current system .Our software will ensure that our
client has fast and easy access to records.
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3. QUESTIONNAIRE FOR STRUCTURED QUERY
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN:-
What is the current system?
Do you have any automated system or is it manual?
What are the flaws in the current system?
How is the system going to help you overcome the above flaws?
What is current systems input and output?
Will they remain same for the new system?
Any extra feature that you want to add?
Any due dates for the completion?
Can you give any document, which will help us to understand thecurrent system and requirements of the new system?
Who all are the different users of the system?
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Choices of front end and back end?
If they are ready to give money, what is the cost of the system?
4. OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE OF THE SYSTEM
CHS system is designed to maintain the data more efficiently
and sort it as per the needs of the client. The proposed system will grant
access only to the legitimate user thus providing proper authorization to theuser.
By using the proposed system, the user can calculate
maintenance bill of the house owner, set new charges for housing society
enter details regarding his/her flat. It will also help to maintain the details
like mode of payment, date of payment, fine calculation etc .Based on the
details provided the user can calculate monthly bill for each room owner.
Our software uses GUI to make it more userfriendly. The
system is easy to understand, easy to use and offers the simplicity of fast
point and click service to our client. The visual interface makes the
everyday aspect of calculating and reporting fast. It offers user a
centralized point of control.
Thus the designed software will surely help the CHS to meet
their requirement.
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Each of the modules is designed as forms in Visual Basic .Net
and is connected to a backend developed in ORACLE 10G. The
application is developed in IDE environment so as to maintain and retrieve
information with ease and in a convenient and efficient manner.
5. ADVANTAGES OF THE SYSTEM
Planned approach towards working: - The working in the
organization will be well planned and organized. The data will be
stored properly in data stores, which will help in retrieval of
information as well as its storage.
No Redundancy: - In the proposed system utmost care would be
that no information is repeated anywhere, in storage or otherwise
i.e. a centralized point of control.
Immediate retrieval of information: - The main objective ofproposed system is to provide for a quick and efficient retrieval of
information. Any type of information would be available whenever
the user requires.
Immediate storage of information: - In manual system there are
many problems to store the largest amount of information.
Automated Process: - It allows the client toautomate and streamline the entire operation.
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Security: -This system provides security thatallocates specific access privileges to user who login.
Error Avoidance: -The typographical mistakes ofthe user, while entering the data will be debugged atthe same time. Hence our client will not face theproblems raised by the typographical mistakes.
B. FEASIBILITY STUDY
An important outcome of the preliminary investigation is thedetermination that the proposed system is feasible. There are
three aspects in the feasibility study portion of the preliminary
investigation.
1. Economical Feasibility2. Technical Feasibility3. Operational Feasibility
Economical Feasibility:
In the short term, it is quite a big investment as per the
vendors point of view. But in the long run; it gives profit and
allows the vendor to achieve his goals. The proposed system
crosses the level beyond the break-even point where the ROI is
far more than initial investment.
Technical Feasibility:
As our proposed system is still in the process of evolving,
it requires technical staff for further development and also for its
implementation.
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Due to available information can make betterdecision(leading to additional cash flows).
Increase staff moral from using the state of the art toolsfor running the business.
C.REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATION
1. HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE USED
Hardware requirement:
Processor 1.91 GHz or more
RAM 512 MB or more
Hard disk 80 GB or more
Software requirement:
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Operating system Windows 2003, Windows NT, Windows
XP, Windows VISTA, Windows 98
Software to be used Microsoft Visual Studio. Net
Framework, Oracle10g
TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGY USED
1. Visual Basic . NET:
Microsoft visual basic is the fastest and easiest way to
create applications for Microsoft windows whether one is an
experienced professional or brand new to windows
programming. Visual Basic provides us with a complete set of
tools to simplify rapid application development.
So what is Visual Basic? The Visual Basic part refers to
the methods used to create graphical user interface (GUI).
Rather than writing numerous lines of code to describe the
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appearance and location of interface elements you simplify
add already built objects on the screen.
The part refers basic (Beginners all-Purpose symbolicinstruction code), a language used by programmers more
than any other language in the history of computing. Visual
Basic has evolved from the original basic language and now
contains several hundred statements, functions and
keywords.
Beginners can create useful applications by learningjust a few keywords, yet the power of program allows
professionals to accomplish anything that can accomplished
using any other Windows Programming Language.
2. ORACLE 10.G
An independent Comparative Management Cost Study from
the Edison Group proves Oracle Database 10g offers superior
manageability, resulting in significant advantages and cost
savings over Microsoft SQL Server 2000 and 2005. The latest
report demonstrates that Oracles manageability advantage over
SQL Server has increasedsince the last comparison. In theprevious study, Oracle Database 10g release1 had a 30% time
advantage and 20% complexity differential with Microsoft SQLServer 2000, compared to the 38% time and 30% complexity
differential that Oracle Database 10g Release2 now holds over
SQL Server 2005.
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In the side-by-side comparison Oracle Database 10g
beats Microsoft SQL Server because with Oracle:
Typical DBA functions are 38% faster Requires 30% fewer steps, making it less complex
Business can save up to US $31,664 annually per databaseadministrator (DBA)
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DESIGN PHASE
The design phase gives an insight of the proposed
system, thereby providing a precise view of the system.
The design phase includes:
1. Logical Design:-
It includes Class Diagram, Event Table, CollaborationDiagram, Sequence Diagram, Activity Diagram, State
Transition Diagram, Information Structure, Site map
2. Physical Design:-
It includes System Flow Chart
CLASS DIAGRAM
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VIDEO RENTAL
Cd_id, cd_name, customer_id,
customer-name, issue_date,
charges
check(), buy(), return()
SUPPLIER
manufacture(),
count(), test(),
invoice(), supply()
SHOPKEEPER
buy(), count(),
sell(), check(),
invoice()
CUSTOMER
buy(), pay(), return(),
check()
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Use Case Diagram
User
Owner
SEQUENCE DIAGRAM
Enter Owner
Details
Enter Ownership
Details
Enter Flat
Details
Search a Required
Detail
Calculate
Maintenance
Charge
Generate a Bill
Send Bill to Owner
Set Due Dates
Does Payment
Check Due
Dates
Fine If late
Payment
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Provides details
sets owner id
asks for Flat type
provides details
asks for Flat Details
provides
Flat Details
SEQUENCE DIAGRAM
BILL
ISSUER
SOCIETY CHARGE
MGMT
OWNER
BILL
ISSUER
SOCIETY CHARGE
MGMT
OWNER
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charge Calculated on basis of details
Generates Bill
Sends Bill toOwner
Does Payment
Checks Payment Date
Charges Fine if Late
ACTIVITY DIAGRAM
LOGIN
VALIDATE THE
USER/ADMIN Enter to Main
page
Back to login
page .
Admin
Login
Treasurer
Login
Add New
User
Updates current
Member
Update
Char es
Calculates
Maintenance
Calculate
FineGenerate
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Matched correctly Login failed
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1) COLLABORATION DIAGRAM
DOES PAYMENT
FINE IF LATE
ADDS
ADDS
MEMBER
PROVIDES
PERSONAL
INFORMATION
GIVES
BILL
GIVES
MODIFIED
INFORMATIO
N
UPDATES
CHANGES
ADMIN
USER
MEMBER
1
7
23
64
5
8
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6) EVENT TABLE
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EVENT TRIGGER SOURCE ACTIVITY RESPONSE DESTINAT
N
1) LOGIN LOGIN
MONITORING
ADMIN VERIFICATIO
N
ACCESS TO
SYSTEM
ADD USE
2) LOGIN LOGIN
MONITORI
NG
USER VERIFICATIO
N
ACCESS TO
SYSTEM
MAIN PAG
3) USER
ADDS
MEMBER
ORDER
INFORMAT
ION
USER ENTER
MEMBER
DETAILS
MEMBER
ENTERED
MAIN PAG
4) UPDATE
MEMBER
INFORM
ATION
SCANS
RECORDS
USER SEARCH
PARTICULAR
MEMBER
SEARCH
COMPLETED
MAIN PAG
5) UPDATE
CHARGE
S
CHARGE
UPDATION
USER UPDATE THE
CHARGES
CHARGE
UPDATED
MAIN PAG
6) CALCUL
ATEBILL
SCANS FOR
MEMBERDETAILS
USER SEARCH FOR
MEMBERDETAILS
CALCULATE
BILL
MAIN PAG
7) GENERA
TE BILL
FOR
MEMBER
BILL
GENERATI
ON
USER GENERATE
BILL
PRODUCES
BILL
MAIN PAG
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IMPLEMENTATION PHASE
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TESTING
Software Testing is an empirical investigation conducted to
provide stakeholders with information about the quality of the
product or service under test , with respect to the context in
which it is intended to operate. This includes, but is not limited
to, the process of executing a program or application with the
intent of finding software bugs. It can also be stated as the
process of validating and verifying that a software program
/application/product meets the business and technical
requirements that guided its design and development, so that it
works as expected and can be implemented with the same
characteristics.
Each phase of software development has a parallel
testing activity as shown in the figure:-
DEFIFINE SYSTEM TEST
DEFIFINE INTEGRATION TEST
DEFIFINE UNIT TEST
REQUIREMENTS SYSTEM TEST
DESIGNSPECIFICATION
INTEGRATIONTEST
UNIT
SPECIFICATION
UNIT TEST
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1. The requirements document provides input to the
definingsystem test cases and also drives the design phase.
2. The design phase consists of refining the design fromhighlevel down to detailed level. Each level defines a part
of the system and thus requires integration tests to
ensure that each component works as an
incremental element.
3. The unit phase provides specifications and eventuallythecode for each unit. Unit specifications are used to
define unit tests.
IMPLEMENT THE
UNITS
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Testing For the CHS
A primary purpose for this testing is to detect softwarefailures so that defects may be uncovered and corrected.
This is a non-trivial pursuit. This testing cannot establish that
a product functions properly under all conditions but can
only establish that it does not function properly under
specific conditions. The scope of this software testing often
includes examination of code as well as execution of that
code in various environments and conditions as well as
examining the aspects of code: does it do what it is
supposed to do and do what it needs to do.
Testing is done on the following levels:
Unit Testing
The minimal software component( module) are tested
Each unit (basic component) of the software is tested toverify that the detailed design for the unit has beencorrectly implemented
Testing is done at the class level, and the minimal unittests include the constructors and destructors
In White Box Testing each function of the procedure ofthe system is tested in sequence
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In Black Box Testing Specification-based testing isdone to find that each module gives specific output forparticular input
Integration testing
The interfaces and interaction between integratedcomponents are tested
Progressively larger groups of tested softwarecomponents corresponding to elements of thearchitectural design are integrated and tested until thesoftware works as a system
Four integration strategies exists:
TOP DOWN.
BOTTOM UP.
SANDWICH.
BIG BANG.
Bottom up approach is used
System testing
Testing is performed on the entire system in thecontext of a Functional Requirement Specification (FRS)and System Requirement Specification (SRS).
The behaviour and even the believed expectations ofthe customer are also tested.
SECURITY, SERVICEABILITY, PERFORMANCE testing arealso done.
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Validations
User must confirm login when charges need to beupdated.
Two users cannot log in at the same time.
The Society charges updated are used for calculationsand old ones are stored in the database for reference.
The same flat number cannot be assigned to anotherOwner.
The user can edit the information wrongly entered. User get proper message when system is being closed . User get error message for invalid password.
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User get error message for wrong format of DataEntered.
SYSTEM MAINTENANCE & EVALUATION
System maintenance is a modification of the software
product after delivery to accomplish one of the following
objectives:
Correct faults. Improve the performance or other attributes.
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Adapt the product to a changedenvironment.
The terms support and maintenance describe activities that
occur after a system is made operational. Support activities
assist users in realizing the full benefits of the system
.Maintenance activities ensures that the system functions at
peak efficiency and that needed changes are implemented with
minimal disruption to the organization.
The performance of the system can be
measured by two factors, viz. the efficiency and the
effectiveness .the efficiency indicates the manner in whichthe inputs are used by the system. If the input-output ratio is
adverse, we say that the system is inefficient though it
produces the desired results .The effectiveness is the
measure for deciding whether the system provides the
desired output or not. When the system is ineffective, the
system is out of control and it needs a major correction. A
system has to be effective and efficient for the highest utility
to the user of the system .Broadly speaking, the
effectiveness is a measure of the productivity i.e. the
measure of the output against the input.
Throughout the lifecycle of the project it is put
through the test against efficiency and effectiveness quite
frequently .The stronger the system is, the lesser
maintenance the system requires .As of now, there is no
significant maintenance policy adopted or proposed for the
system.
FUTURE ENHANCEMENT
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As per the task allocated to us we have
completed the project successfully. After
knowing and studying about the client
requirements, this is what we concluded to dofor the complete system.
But there are always chances for future
modifications for providing more facilities.
We would enhance our system by
adding Security module. This modulewould maintain records of visitors to
the society.
Another enhancement would include
personal details of employees who
work for the society like the sweeper,
electrician, watchmen etc.
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