An overview on Education in India
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ANURAG BAGADE
NIKHIL PAWAR
DEMOGRAPHY AND STATISTICS
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In India the Guru or the teacher is held inhigh esteem.
Indeed, there is an understanding that if thedevotee were presented with the guru andGod, first he would pay respect to the guru,since the guru had been instrumental inleading him to God
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Gurukul system ofeducation
The gurudakshina is a
traditional gesture of
acknowledgment,
respect and thanks
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REMAINS OF TAXILA UNIVERSITY
NALANDA UNIVERSITY
There were universities like Taxila, Ujjain, Kanchi etc. for medicine and
learning including mathematics and astronomy.
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Education of Indians hadbecome a topic of interestamong East India Companyofficials. The policys goalwas
to advance knowledge ofIndians and
to employ that knowledge inthe East India Company
The British Parliament formed apetition in support of bothestablishing and adequatelyfunding university education inIndia which helped in shaping theeducation system of India.
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GRANT MEDICAL COLLEGE,1844UNIVERSITY OF BOMBAY
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/b5/Grant_medical_college1844.jpghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/b5/Grant_medical_college1844.jpg -
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THE INDIAN
EDUCATION SYSTEM
Following independence in1947, MAULANA AZAD,India's first educationminister recommended strongcentral government controlover education throughoutthe country, with a uniformeducational system
POST INDEPENDENCE
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The Indian government lays great
emphasis to primary education up to the
age of fourteen years (referred to as
Elementary Education in India.)
The Indian government has also banned
child labour in order to ensure that the
children do not enter unsafe workingconditions.
Education has also been made free for
children for six to 16 years of age.
The District Primary Education
Programme (DPEP) was launched in1994 with an aim to universalize primary
education in India by reforming and
vitalizing the existing primary education
system
The Mid-day Meal Scheme is the
popular name for school meal
programme in India. It involves
provision of lunch free of cost to
school-children on all working
days with an objective to:
increase school enrolment andattendance, improve socialisation
among children belonging to all
castes and addressing
malnutrition.
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The current scheme foruniversalization of Education
for All is the SARVA
SHIKSHA ABHIYAN which is
one of the largest education
initiatives in the world.
RIGHT TO EDUCATION
Every child between the
ages of 6 to 14 years has
the right to free and
compulsory education. The
government schools shall
provide free education to all
the children. Private
schools shall admit at least25% of the children in their
schools without any fee.
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In our national perception,
Education refines sensitivities
and perceptions that contribute
to national cohesion, a scientific
temper and independence of
mind and spirit - thus
furthering the goals of
socialism, secularism and
democracy enshrined in our
Constitution.
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The government is committed to
providing education through
mainstream schools for children
with disabilities.
The need for inclusive education
arises precisely because it is now
well understood that most
children with disabilities can, with
motivation and effort on the part
of teaching institutions, become
an integral part of those
institutions.
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Significant feature of India's
secondary school system is the
emphasis on inclusion of the
disadvantaged sections of the
society.
Another feature of India's
secondary school system is its
emphasis on profession based
vocational training to help
students attain skills for finding a
vocation of his/her choosing.
The Secondary education is supported
by the following organizations under
the administrative control of theUnion Department of Education:
National Council of EducationalResearch and Training (NCERT)
Central Board of Secondary
Education (CBSE)
National Institute of Open Schooling
(NIOS)
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The CBSE was set up by a special
resolution of the Government of
India in 1929 at Ajmer with a
view to play a useful role in the
field of Secondary Education and
to raise its standard.
The CBSE has constantly been
engaged in process of curriculum
design, in-service teacher
empowerment programmes and
development of textual material.
CBSE has introduced
CONTINUOUS AND
COMPREHENSIVE
EVALUATION (CCE) at the
secondary level.
The scheme of CCE discourages mechanical
testing. It envisages employment of variety of
tools and techniques for assessment in
informal and formal settings which are more
interesting, relevant and meaningful and
involve learners for greater participation and
learning
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Levelwise Education in Different Years
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150 100 50 0 50 100
Primary (I-V)
Upper Primary (VI-VIII)
Secondary/Senior Senior(XI-XII)
Higher Educaton
No. of Students
LevelOfEducation
1950-51
Female
Male
-300 -200 -100 0 100 200
Primary (I-V)
Upper Primary (VI-
VIII)
Secondary/SeniorSenior(XI-XII)
Higher Educaton
No. of Students
LevelOfEducation
1960-61
Female
Male
-400 -200 0 200 400
Primary (I-V)
Upper Primary (VI-VIII)
Secondary/Senior Senior(XI-
XII)
Higher Educaton
No. of Students
LevelOfEducatio
n
1970-71
Female
Male
-600 -400 -200 0 200 400
Primary (I-V)
Upper Primary (VI-VIII)
Secondary/Senior Senior(XI-
XII)
Higher Educaton
No. of Students
LevelOfEducatio
n
1980-81
Female
Male
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800 600 400 200 0 200 400 600
Primary (I-V)
Upper Primary (VI-VIII)
Secondary/Senior Senior(XI-XII)
Higher Educaton
No. of Students
LevelOfEducation
2000-01
Female
Male
1,000.00 500.00 0.00 500.00 1,000.00
Primary (I-V)
Upper Primary (VI-VIII)
Secondary/Senior Senior(XI-
XII)
Higher Educaton
No. of Students
LevelOfEd
ucation
2005-06
Female
Male
1,000.00 500.00 0.00 500.00 1,000.00
Primary (I-V)
Upper Primary (VI-VIII)
Secondary/Senior Senior(XI-XII)
Higher Educaton
No. of Students
LevelOfEducation
2006-07
Female
Male
1,000.00 500.00 0.00 500.00 1,000.00
Primary (I-V)
Upper Primary (VI-VIII)
Secondary/Senior Senior(XI-
XII)
Higher Educaton
No. of Students
LevelOfEdu
cation
2007-08
Femal
Male
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NCERT is an autonomous bodyfully funded by the Ministry ofHuman Resource and Development(MHRD)
The NCERT was established in
1961. It functions as a resourcecentre in the field of schooleducation and teacher education.Publication of school textbooks andother educational material liketeachers guides/manuals etc. are its
major functions. It aims at making environmental
education an integral part ofcurriculum in school education.
India's higher education system is the third
largest in the world, after China and the
United States.
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Higher education in India hasevolved in divergent streams witheach stream monitored by an apex
body UNIVERSITY GRANTSCOMMISION- organisation set up
by Union government in 1956, for the
coordination, determination andmaintenance of standards of universityeducation, indirectly controlled bythe Ministry of Human ResourceDevelopment.
Most universities are administeredby the States, but there are 18
important universities calledCentral Universities, which aremaintained by the UnionGovernment.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Main(Administrative)Building_IIT-Roorkee.JPG -
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Delhi Chief Minister Ms.SheilaDikshit launched the Ladli. Underthe scheme, the state governmentintends to deposit Rs.100,000 in theaccount of every girl child(belonging to a particular incomegroup) by the time she attains theage of 18.
As per the scheme, thegovernment will depositRs.10,000 in the name of a girl
child at the time of her birth andRs.5,000 each at the time ofadmission to Class I, VI, IX, Xand XII to encourage hereducation.
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Maths labs are a part of the infrastructure
along with physics, chemistry, biology ,
psychology, home science and computers.
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27.20
40.40
46.00
56.40
64.10
75.30
82.10
8.9
15.4
22
29.8
39.3
53.7
65.5
1951
1961
1971
1981
1991
2000
2011
Indias Male Female Literacy Rate (Year wise)
Male Female
Literacy Rate is a number of literates in the age group of 7 year and above
expressed as percentage of total corresponding population
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100 75 50 25 0 25 50 75
1-5
6-8
9-10
11-12
Polytechnics
Graduate
Post graduate
Ph.D
Level-wise Enrolment in School in 2009-10
Female
Male
No. of Students (in thousands)
Pyramid Showing the Level-wise enrolment in schools/colleges by students in
the year of 2009-2010
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2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0 500 1,000 1,500
1950-51
1960-61
1970-71
1980-81
1990-91
2000-01
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09P
2009-10P
No. of Teachers (in Thousands)
Year
Teachers in Primary School I - V
Male
Female
T h i U P i S h l VI VIII
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1,500 1,000 500 0 500 1,000
1950-51
1960-61
1970-71
1980-81
1990-91
2000-01
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09P
2009-10P
No. of Teachers (in Thousands)
Year
Teachers in Upper Primary School VI - VIII
Male
Female
Teachers in Secondary IX X
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2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0 500 1,000 1,500
1950-51
1960-61
1970-71
1980-81
1990-91
2000-01
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09P
2009-10P
No. of Teachers (in Thousands)
Year
Teachers in Secondary IX - X
Male
Female
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80 60 40 20 0 20 40 60 80
1960-61
1970-71
1980-81
1990-91
2000-01
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09P
2009-10P
Students (in %)
Year
DROPOUT from I-V
Female
Male
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100 50 0 50 100
1960-61
1970-71
1980-81
1990-91
2000-01
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09P
2009-10P
Students (in %)
Year
DROPOUT from I-VIII
Female
Male
DROPOUT from IX X
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100 80 60 40 20 0 20 40 60 80 100
1960-61
1970-71
1980-81
1990-91
2000-01
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09P
2009-10P
Students (in %)
Year
DROPOUT from IX-X
Female
Male
Rural Urban Statewise Literacy
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-1E+08 -80000000 -60000000 -40000000 -20000000 0 20000000 40000000 60000000
India/
UTTAR PRADESH
BIHAR
MAHARASHTRA
WEST BENGAL
ANDHRA PRADESH
MADHYA PRADESH
RAJASTHAN
TAMIL NADU
KARNATAKA
GUJARAT
ORISSA
ASSAM
KERALA
JHARKHAND
PUNJAB
CHHATTISGARH
HARYANA
JAMMU & KASHMIR
UTTARAKHAND
HIMACHAL PRADESH
TRIPURA
MEGHALAYA
MANIPUR
NAGALAND
ARUNACHAL PRADESH
GOA
MIZORAM
SIKKIM
NCT OF DELHI #
PUDUCHERRY #
A & N ISLANDS #
DADRA & NAGAR HAVELI #
DAMAN & DIU #
CHANDIGARH #
LAKSHADWEEP #
Population
State
Rural-Urban Statewise Literacy
Urban
Rural
Statewise Literacy Rate
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-150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150
LAKSHADWEEP #
KERALA
MIZORAM
GOA
TRIPURA
PUDUCHERRY #
DAMAN & DIU #
NCT OF DELHI #HIMACHAL PRADESH
CHANDIGARH #
A & N ISLANDS #
MAHARASHTRA
UTTARAKHAND
SIKKIM
GUJARAT
TAMIL NADU
MANIPUR
DADRA & NAGAR HAVELI #HARYANA
NAGALAND
KARNATAKA
WEST BENGAL
ORISSA
PUNJAB
CHHATTISGARH
MADHYA PRADESH
RAJASTHAN
UTTAR PRADESH
ASSAM
JHARKHAND
JAMMU & KASHMIR
MEGHALAYA
ANDHRA PRADESH
ARUNACHAL PRADESH
BIHAR
Literacy rate
State
Statewise Literacy Rate
Literacy Rate
(Females)
Literacy Rate
(Males)
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We give them roots, we give them wingsAnd great joys from, little things,A hope that they will soar ,A hope that they will try,We are sure that one day ,Our children will learn to fly.