Aluminium and Titanium These are two metals with a low density which means they are lightweight for...
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![Page 1: Aluminium and Titanium These are two metals with a low density which means they are lightweight for their size. Aluminium is used for aircraft, trains,](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022083008/56649e115503460f94afcf0b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Aluminium and Titanium
These are two metals with a low density which means they are lightweight for their size.
Aluminium is used for aircraft, trains, overhead power cables, saucepans and cooking foil.
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Titanium, when pure, is a lustrous, white metal.
The metal burns in air and is the only element that burns in nitrogen. It is marvellous in fireworks.
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Aluminium and Titanium resist corrosion as they have a very thin layer of their oxides on the surface, which stops air and water getting to the metal.
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Extraction
Unlike iron, aluminium and titaniumcannot be extracted from their oxides by reduction with carbon because: Aluminium is more reactive than carbon, so the reaction does not work.
Titanium forms titanium carbide with carbon, which makes the metal brittle.
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• In order to isolate pure aluminium, impurities must be removed from the bauxite.
• This is done by the Bayer process, which involves treatment with sodium hydroxide solution, followed by purification using electrolysis.
Aluminium is mined in huge scales as bauxite.
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This involves the action of chlorine and carbon on the titanium ore followed by fractional distillation and then reduction with magnesium.
Titanium is isolated using the
Kroll method.
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COST
Aluminium extraction is expensive because the process needs a lot of electrical energy.
Titanium extraction is expensive because the process involves several stages and a lot of energy. This especially limits the uses of titanium.
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Summary• Aluminium and Titanium both have a low density
which means they are lightweight for their size.
• They resist corrosion.
• They cannot be extracted by reduction.
• Extraction is expensive because there are
several stages involved and the processes require a lot of energy.
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