Altenative Energy Sources

8/7/2019 Altenative Energy Sources

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Submitted by:

Hetvee Desai01/07/08


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Energy is the ability to do work. When we

move something by pushing or pulling, we

are doing work. Energy is necessary foranything to move or change

While energy surrounds us in all aspects of

life, the ability to harness it and use it for

constructive ends as economically as

possible is the challenge before mankind


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.....our mother earth.


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This is what it should look like.


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Where we are headed with out using

alternative energy sources...


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Fossil Fuels

Natural Gas

Other Hydrocarbon fossil fuels Oil and CoalNuclearEnergy newest source

uranium

Dams Not renewable

Alternative energy (Renewables) wind

turbine, PVs (solar), biofuels, tidal energy


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Form of fossil fuelMaximum content : Methane

Most economical energy choice

Primarily used for space heating, electricitygeneration and now to powerour cars

Key ingredient in agricultural fertilizers.

Not a viable replacement for oil hard to ship

Can be used in automobile engines

Honda selling a natural gas CIVIC GX NGV withhome gas dispenser


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Oil Shale

Does not contain oil basis is kerosene add water/heatto get oil

Waste volume greater than ore volume must be mined

like coal Needs lots of water found in water scarce areas

Heavy Oil

Very Thick Limited uses (Bunker Oil)

Tar Sands

Long term production by SynFuels 500,000 barrelsdaily

Less than 1% of world oil production

Sizable but not huge potential - Currently about 4% of


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Major fuel source in theworld provides moreenergy than oil or gas

Abundant but dirty andinefficient

Less energy per pound thanoil/gas and much morepolluting

Liquid syn

thetic fuels can

bemade from coal

Different types of coal withdifferent heat values

Converting coal to energy isener ex ensive


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Coal and Sequestration Coal industrypitching clean coal remove CO2 (whichtakes energy)

Removed CO2 is then

sequesteredMeans bury or dump in ocean and

hope it stays there!

What if CO2 gets loose?

Life may not survive the burning of allavailable coal clean ornot!


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NuclearEnergy Only new (1945) energy

source in centuries U235

Relatively safe when operating But accidents could be catastrophic

Uranium will be available for some decades

but not forever

Fundamental issue is radioactive wastes lastfor thousands of years

Number of reactors needed to carry most ofload is phenomenal One or two orders of magnitude over current

installation


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Provides about 24% percent of the world'selectricity

good during droughts and periods of peakconsumption.

Pumped Storage Plant is similar to a hydro-power plant except it has two reservoirs.

Major ecological effect destruction of species In third world they destroy many homes and natural

processes Dams will eventually fill with silt notrenewable

Limited number of sites

Forced relocation

of people heavy human

toll


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Solar Power: Total energy we receive each year from the sun is

35,000 times the total energy used by humans

Photovoltaics / Solar Panels - a device that turns

sunlight into electricity, which can be used formany different things such as heating and lighting.

Advantages: Clean, non-polluting.

Renewable, endless supply that belongs to no one.

Works best in the sunniest, often the poorest, parts of theworld.

Dovetails with other clean systems.

Flexible and modular - systems can be resized.

Safe.


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WindEn

ergy can be harnessed into

energy without producingby-products harmful to theenvironment

The cost of wind energyhas decreased over timedue to larger turbines beingmass produced.

Low maintenance costs-one of the cheapest toproduce.

Problems with using Wind


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Tidal power More predictable than solar and

wind energy - reliable source ofenergy

Tidal Power Plants use themotion of the tides to fill

reservoirs, which are then slowlyreleased through generators

Tidal Stream Generator

draws energy from curre

nts

currents turn fan blade whichcreate energy.

These generators are placedwhere strong concentratedcurrents flow between obstructions

such as entrances to bays a

ndrocky points.


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Fuel derived fromrecently dead biologicalmaterial, mostcommonly plants

Does not add to thecarbon dioxide level inthe atmosphere

Time scale of one or two

yearsTypes ofBio-fuels: Biodiesel

Biogas

Biomass etc


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Operations

Management


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Bio fuels, solar, wind feasibility all inquestion Proponents have not yet made the case

Tabulating sun energy per sq foot is not enough

Government is committing to nuclear powerand coal

Tar sands, oil shale not proven after morethan 40 years

Huge problem with both is poisonous waste Sequestration is the sales pitch of the coal

advocates

No new fuels are likely and old fuels still dirty


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Thank You!!

Altenative Energy Sources

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