All of these organisms are animals and belong in Kingdom Animalia

1. If you had to classify these organisms into two groups, what would your categories be and which animals would be in which category?

An example is on the side board- you cannot use mine.

2. If you had to classify these organisms into three groups, what would your categories be and which animals would be in which category?

BELLRINGER

Whale

Lion Whale

Bat Spider

BirdButterfly

Lobster Fish

• Taxonomy is the study of how living things are classified into groups.

• The groups that organisms are classified into are called taxa. (Taxon if singular)

Organisms are classified based

on:

physical similarities genetic similarities

8 Classification Groups “Taxa”Most broad, only three domains: Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya

Example: Humans at this level are grouped with all other organisms made of eukaryotic cells– (Algae, Fungus, Plants, and Animals)

More specific, based on cell type, method of obtaining energy, and # of cells, and complexity: Example: Humans at this level are grouped with all other animals- (Sponge, Insects, Birds, Mammals)

Based on even more specific characteristics. Example: Humans are grouped with other animals that have backbones at this level.

Even more specific Example: Humans at this level are grouped with other human-like ancestors based on the use of language and tool use.

Domain-

Kingdom-

Phylum-

Class - Based on even more specific characteristics. Example: Humans are grouped with other animals with backbones that feed milk to their young.

Order - Based on even more specific characteristics. Example: Humans are grouped with other animals with backbones that feed milk to their young and have opposable thumbs.

Family - Based on even more specific characteristics. Example: Humans are grouped with other great apes that have opposable thumbs and have very close DNA strand sequence.

Genus -

Species - Exact organism Example: “Modern” humans with our brain size, learning capacity, and longevity.

How Humans Are Classified

Broad Domain Eukarya

Kingdom Animalia

Phylum (Division for plants) Chordata

Class Mammalia

Order Primata

Family Hominidae

Genus Homo

Specific Species sapeins

Dear

King

Phillip

Cried

Out

For

Good

Soup

Domain

Kingdom

Phylum

Class

Order

Family

Genus

Species

The 8 Classification Groups “Taxa” for all living things are:

“binomial nomenclature”

Was created by Linnaeus.

It is a two-word naming system for living things.

SCIENTIFIC NAMING!

Carolus Linnaeus (1707‑1778), a

Swedish botanist

• The “Binomial nomenclature” or scientific name for each species, is a combination of the

genus name and species name.

Homo sapiens

Homo = Genus, sapiens = species

Domain Kingdom

Phylum Class Order

Family Genus

Species

Naming Organisms

What is the name of this organism?

Why don’t scientists use common names?

Confusing – there can be more than one common name per species.

Misleading – Example: starfish is not a fish

WHY USE A SCIENTIFIC NAME?

There is only one scientific name for

each species

Felis concolor

The common name of many animals can be misleading.

Ceylon frogmouth (Batrachostomus moniliger)

Killer whales (Orcinus orca )are the largest member of the dolphin family.

is a bird….

Flying fish (Parezocoetus mesogaster) do not fly, but glide.

Seahorse (Hippocampus zosterae) is not a horse, but a fish.

MORE THAN ONE COMMON NAME…

United States and England- Sparrow

Spain – Gorrion domestico

Holland – Huismus

Scientific name: Passer domesticus

What language is used for the scientific naming?

LATIN1. Latin is no longer used in conversation.

2. It’s tradition.

3. Universal.

* Always capitalize the Genus and not the species.

What is the correct way to write the scientific name?

•If handwriting, underline the name: Felis concolor

•If typing, put the name in italics: Felis concolor

•You can also abbreviate the Genus: F. concolor

• Compare the appearance of a lynx, Lynx rufus,

a bobcat, Lynx canadensis

a mountain lion, Felis concolor.

LynxMountain

lionBobcat

How Living Things Are Related

Lynx Mountain lion

Bobcat

How Living Things Are Classified

The scientific names of the lynx and bobcat tell you that they belong to the same genus, Lynx.

All species in the genus Lynx have 28 teeth.

Mountain lions, have 30 teeth and belong to another genus. However all of these cats belong to the same family, called Felidae.

Recognizing Relationships Tell me something about each of these organisms.

Carnegiea gigantea

Nymphaea odorata

Canis familiaris

Peromyscus californicus

Viola tricolor

giant saguaro cactus

fragrant water lily

domestic dog

common California mouse

three color pansy

Question 1 According to the table, at what level does the domestic cat diverge from the ferret?

Classification of Representative Mammals

Kingdom

Phylum

Class

Order

Family

Genus

Species

Common Name

Animalia

Chordata

Mammalia

Cetacea

Mysticeti

Balenopora

B. physalus

Blue Whale

Animalia Animalia

Chordata Chordata

Mammalia Mammalia

Carnivora Carnivora

Mustelidae Felidae

Mustela Felis

M. furo F. catus

Ferret Domestic Cat

Classification of Representative Mammals

Kingdom

Phylum

Class

Order

Family

Genus

Species

Common Name

Animalia

Chordata

Mammalia

Cetacea

Mysticeti

Balenopora

B. physalus

Blue Whale

Animalia Animalia

Chordata Chordata

Mammalia Mammalia

Carnivora Carnivora

Mustelidae Felidae

Mustela Felis

M. furo F. catus

Ferret Domestic Cat

The domestic cat belongs to the family Felidae and the ferret belongs to the

family Mustelidae.

Question 2

Classification of Representative Mammals

Kingdom

Phylum

Class

Order

Family

Genus

Species

Common Name

Animalia

Chordata

Mammalia

Cetacea

Mysticeti

Balenopora

B. physalus

Blue Whale

Animalia Animalia

Chordata Chordata

Mammalia Mammalia

Carnivora Carnivora

Mustelidae Felidae

Mustela Felis

M. furo F. catus

Ferret Domestic Cat

How many levels of classification do all three animals share?

All three animals belong to the same kingdom, phylum, and class.