Alexander hoards. III : Andritsaena / by Edward T. Newell

8/22/2019 Alexander hoards. III : Andritsaena / by Edward T. Newell

1/59

NUMISMATIC NOTES

AND

MONOGRAPHS

No.

21

ALEXANDER HOARDS

ANDRITSAENA

BY

EDWARD T. NEWELL

THE AMERICAN

NUMISMATIC

SOCIETY

BROADWAY

AT

I

5

6TH

STREET

NEW YORK

I923

This content downloaded from 83.85.134.3 on Sat, 30 Jan 2016 16:34:02 UTCAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions


2/59


3/59

N

U M

I

S

M ATI

C

NOTES

AND

MONOGRAPHS



4/59

Numismatic

Notes

and Monographs

is devoted o

essays

nd

treatises

n sub-

jects

relating

to

coins

paper

money

medals

and

decorations

nd

is uniform

with

Hispanic

Notes

and

Monographs

published y

The

Hispanic

Society

of

America

nd with

Indian

Notes

and

Monographs

ssued

y

he

Museum

f

the

Americanndian-Heye Foundation.

Publication

Committee

Agnes

Baldwin

Brett

Chairman

Henry

Russell

Drowne

John

Reilly

Jr.

Editorial

Staff

Sydney

hilip

Noe

Editor

HowlandWood ssociateditor

V. E.

Karle

Assistant



5/59

COPYRIGHT

923

BY

THEAMERICANUMISMATICOCIETY

THE E

1NNE

RESS

NEWORK



6/59


7/59

ALEXANDER

HOARDS

III. ANDRITSAENA

BY

EDWARDT. NEWELL

THE

AMERICAN

UMISMATIC

OCIETY

BROADWAY

T

56TH

TREET

NEW ORK

I923



8/59


9/59

1

THE

ANDRITSAENA

HOARD

By

Edward T. Newell

This

small but

interesting

oard

is

stated o have been

foundnear

Andrit-

saena

in

the

Peloponnesus

nd was of-

fered or sale

by

an

Athenian

ntiquity

dealer

early

in

March of

1923.

How

long

before his t had been

found,

e

do

notknow. It was

entirely

ue to the n-

terest and active interventionf

Mr.

Sydney

P.

Noe,

who

chancedto be

in

Athens

t the

time,

hat

the

Philip

and

Alexander

portion

f

the

findwas se-

cured

ntact,

s

well

as casts

of

many

f

the

remaining

oeotian,

Eginetan,

icy-

onian,

nd

Olympian

taters.

No further

articulars

oncerning

he

hoard,

r

the circumstances

urrounding

its discovery,re at present vailable.

As it

had

passed through

t least two

hands before

reaching

the

Athenian

dealer,

t

was

found

mpossible

o secure

NUMISMATIC NOTES



10/59

2

ALEXANDER HOARDS

any

further

nformation.

All

we

can

definitelytate is that it was certainly

found

n

the

Peloponnesus

nd that

all

the

specimens

fferedo

and secured

y

thedealerhave been seen.

Whether

he

find as

originallyarger

s

not

definitely

known,

ut

the

person

fromwhomthe

dealer

acquired

his

portion

s said to

have made

the

vague

statementhat

he

believed herewere a

few

more

pieces.

None,

however,

ere seen

n

Athens e-

fore he end ofMay,1923.As the con-

tents f the hoardmake

well rounded

out

whole,

t is

quite

possible

hat

we

possess

t

in

its

entirety.

At

any

rate,

t

is well worth

ublishing.

As a

whole,

hecoins

n

thishoard

re

exceedingly

well

preserved.

Not

only

was their

riginal

wner

pparently

ery

particular

with

regard

o

the condition

of the

pieces

which

he

added

to his sav-

ings,

uttime lso

has dealt

kindly

with

the little reasure ntrusted o its not

always

tender are.

When

found,

he

majority

f

our

coins were but

slightly

oxidized,

omenot at all. This oxidiza-

NUMISMATIC NOTES



11/59

ANDRITS

AEN A

3

tion

has

proved

asily

removable,

s has

also thefawn-coloredarth rclaywhich

originally

ncrusted ll

of

the coins.

With hree

xceptions,

eserved or

pos-

sible

future

eference,

ll of the

Philips

and

Alexanders ave now been cleaned.

The

weights

f the

Boeotian,

Eginetan,

Sicyonian,

nd

Olympian

taterswere

not

scertained,

ut hose f the

remain-

der are

given

below.

PHILIP

II

OF

MACEDON,

59-336

.C.

Mint of Amphipolis.

1

Tetradrachm.

Obv. Laureate head of Zeus to r.

Rev.

MAinnOY.

Youthful

rider

wearing

illet

nd

holding

alm

branch,

on horseback

o r. Beneath

foreleg.

ROSE.

Mller,

o.

75.

VG.

gr.14.47.

2

Tetradrachm.

Obv. Similar.

Rev. Similar. Beneath

horse,

ee

and

STERN.

Mller,

o.

197.

F.

gr.

14.32.

3

Tetradrachm.

Obv.

Similar.

AND

MONOGRAPHS



12/59

4

ALEXANDER

HOARDS


horse,

ee

and

DOUBLEEAD.

Mller,

o.

2701.

F.

gr.14.435*

Plate

.

4

Tetradrachm.

Similar

o the

preceding.

F.

gr.

4.38.

5

Tetradrachm.

Obv. Similar.

Rev. Similar.

Beneath

horse,

double

head.

Mller,

o.

269.

VF.

gr. 14-535-

6 Tetradrachm.

Obv. Similar.

Rev. Similar. Beneath foreleg,dou-

ble

head.

Mller,

o.

269.

VG.

gr.

14.375.

7

Tetradrachm.

Obv. Similar.

Rev. Similar.

Beneath

foreleg,

tern.

Mller,

o.

210.

VG.

gr.

14.22.

Mint

of

Pella.

8

Tetradrachm.

Obv. Similar.

Rev. IAinnOY. The king n kausiaandmantle, ight andraised, dvanc-

ing

to 1. on horseback.

Beneath

horse,

HM.

Mller,

o.

297.

G.

gr.

14.26.

Plate .

NUMISMATIC

NOTES



13/59

ANDRITSAENA 5

g

Tetradrachm.

Obv. Similar.

Rev. Youthfulhorseman o

r. as

on

No. i.

Beneath

horse,

hunderbolt

In

exergue,

N.

Mller,

o. n.

VG.

gr.14.33.

Platel.

Posthumousssue

of

circa

325

b.c.

io

Tetradrachm.

Obv.

Similar,

ut of

later

style.

Rev.

Similar,

but of

later

style.

Be-

neath

horse,

lyingbee.

Variety

f

Mller,

o.

191.

VF.

gr.

14.31.

Plate .

ALEXANDER II OF MACEDON,

336-323

.C.

Mint

of Amphipolis.

Group

,

circa

36-334

.c.

II- 12

Tetradrachms.

Obv

Head

of

young

Heracles

to

r.

Rev.

AAESANAPOY.

Zeus

aetophor

seated o 1. on throne.

n

front,

row

Mller,

o.

503.

G.

gr.

7.07.

.

17.09.

Group

,

circa

33

nd

332

b.c.

13 Tetradrachm.Obv. Similar.

Rev.

Similar.

In

field,

bunch of

grapes.

Mller,

o.

306.

F.

gr.

17.15.

AND

MONOGRAPHS



14/59

6

ALEXANDER

HOARDS

Group

,

circa

30

and

329

b.c.

14 Tetradrachm.

Obv.

Similar.

Rev.

Similar.

In

field,

lub

and

(J)

Variety

f

Mller,

o.

138.

F.

gr.17.095.

15

Tetradrachm.

Obv. Similar.

Rev. Similar.

In

field,

orse's

head.

Mller,

o.

528.

VF.

gr.

1

-145-

16

Tetradrachm.

Obv.

Similar.

Rev. Similar.

In

field,

dolphin.

Mller,

o.

539.

G.

gr.

17.20.

Group, circa 28 nd327b.c.

17

Tetradrachm.

Obv.

Similar.

Rev. Similar.

In

field,

erm.

Mller,

o.

366.

VF.

gr.

17.24.

18

Tetradrachm.

Obv.

Similar.

Rev.

Similar.

In

field,

ock.

Mller,

o.

392.

VF.

16.945.

Group

,

circa

26

b.c.

19

Tetradrachm.

Obv. Similar.

Rev. Similar. n field,ow ndquiverMller,o.591.VF.gr. 7.15-

Group

,

irca

25

b.c.

20

Tetradrachm.

Obv.

Similar.

NUMISMATIC

NOTES



15/59

ANDRITS

AENA

7

Rev.

Similar,

ut

inscription:

AES-

ANA P- 0YBA2IAE05. In field,

CORNUCOPIA.

Mller,

o.

368.

VF.

gr.

17.22.

Group

,

circa

24

nd

323

b.c.

21-22

TETRADRACHMS.

Obv. Similar.

Rev.

Similar,

but

inscription:

A2I-

AES

AAESANAPOY.

n

field,

hryg-

ian

cap.

Mller,

o.

854.

VF.

gr.

7.21,

7.16.

23

Tetradrachm.

Obv. Similar.Rev. Similar. In field,ripod.

Mller,

o.

146.

VF.

gr.

17.20.

Group

,

circa

22

nd

321

b.c.

24

Tetradrachm.

Obv. Similar.

Rev. Similar. In

field,

Mller,

o.

860.

VF.

gr.

17.125.

Piateli.

25-28

Tetradrachms.

Obv.

Similar.

Rev.

Similar.

In

field,

]

Mller,

o.

863.

F.

D.

C.

gr.17.18,

7.20.

17.22,

.27.

Group , irca 20 nd319b.c.

29

Tetradrachm.

Obv. Similar.

Rev.

Similar.

In

field,

ar

of

barley

AND

MONOGRAPHS



16/59

8

ALEXANDER

HOARDS

Beneath

hrone,

I.

Mller, o.570.F. D. C.gr. 7.15.

30

Tetradrachm.

Obv.

Similar.

Rev

Similar.

In

field,

aurel sprig.

Beneath

hrone,

I.

Mller,

o.

560.

F.

D. C.

gr.

17.10.

31

Tetradrachm.

Obv.

Similar.

Rev. Similar.

In

field,

rescent

(up-

right).

Beneath

hrone,

I.

Mller,

o. 261.

F.

D. C.

gr.

17.205.

32 Tetradrachm.

Obv.

Similar.

Rev. Similar.

In

field,

rescent

(in-

verted).

Beneath

hrone,

I.

Variety

f

Mller,

o.

261.

F.

D.

C.

gr.

17.32.

Piateli.

Mint of

Pella.

Circa

36-320

.c.

33-35

Tetradrachms.

Obv.

Similar,

but

of

different

tyle.

Rev.

Similar,

but

of

different

tyle.

Beneath hrone, .Mller, o.197.VG. oF.gr.17.12, 7.18.

17.19.

36

Tetradrachm.

Obv.

Similar.

NUMISMATIC NOTES



17/59

ANDRITSAENA

9

Rev

Similar.

In

field,

Mller, o.762.F. D. C.gr.17.32.

Plate

I.

37

Tetradrachm.

Obv. Similar.

Rev. Similar.

No

symbol.

Variety

ot n

Mller.

F.

gr.

17.195.

38

Tetradrachm.

Obv

Similar.

Rev.

Similar.

Beneath

throne,

bu-

cranium.

Mller,

o.

98.

VF.

gr.

17.17.

Uncertain Mint

in

Macedonia

or Thessaly.

39-40

Tetradrachms.

Obv. Similar

o the

preceding.

Rev.

Similar.

In

field,

elmet. Be-

neath

hrone,

2.

Mller,

o.

1472.

.

D.

C.

gr.

17.14,

7.195.

Mint

of

Phaselis or

Side.

41-53

Tetradrachms.

Obv. Head

of fine

tyle

o r.

Rev.

AAEEANAPOY

n

r.,

BA2IAE22

in

exergue.

Zeus on

high-back

hrone

to 1. In

field,wreath. Beneaththrone, I.

Mller,

o.

550.

F.

to F. D.

C.

gr. 17.00;

17.01;

17.075; 7.10;

1

.

17.12;

17.14;

I7-I45;

17.15;

17-16;

7.18;

17.22;

17-25-

Plate I.

AND

MONOGRAPHS



18/59

10

ALEXANDER

HOARDS

54

Tetradrachm.

Obv. Similar.

Rev. Similar.

Beneath

hrone,

I.

Mller,

o. 216.

VF.

gr.

17.145-

55

Tetradrachm.

Obv.

Similar.

Rev.

Similar,

but

with

BA2IAE22

above.

In

field,

I.

Beneath

hrone,

B2.

Mller,

o.

1483.

F. D.

C.

gr.17.195-

Mint

of

Tarsus.

Series

,

circa

33-37

-C.

56 Tetradrachm.

Obv.

Head of

young

Heracles

of east-

ern

tyle.

Rev.

Zeus,

of

eastern

tyle,

s:

enthroned

o

1. Below

throne,

.

Newell,

arsos

under

Alexander,

o.

6.

VG.

gr. 7.14.

57

Tetradrachm.

Obv.

Similar.

Rev.

Similar.

Beneath

hrone,

.

Newell,

.

.

No.

10.

F.

gr.

17.11.

Mint of

Salamis.

Series,332-320.c.

58

Tetradrachm.

Obv.

Similar.

Rev. Similar.

In

field,

ow.

NUMISMATIC

NOTES



19/59

ANDRITS AEN

A

11

Mller,

o.

1287.

See also,Newell,

ome

Cypriotelexanders,um.Chron.,915,No.7.) VG.gr.17.12. Plate II.

Mint

of

Citium.

Series

,

332-320

.c.

59

Tetradrachm.

Obv Similar.

Rev Similar. In

field,

Mller,

o.

1294. See

also,

Newell,

.c.

No.

4.)

F.

gr.

17.045-

Plate II.

Mint

of

Myriandrus.

Series

I,

circa

29

b.c.

60

Tetradrachm.

Obv. Similar.

Rev.

Similar.

BA2IAE22

on

r

AAEHANAPO

n

exergue.

In

field,

w

Beneath

hrone,

Newell,

yriandros

Alexandria

a

Isson,

No.

20.

F.

gr.16.98.

Series

II,

circa

28-326

.c.

61

Tetradrachm.

Obv.

Similar.

Rev.

Similar,

ut

withouthe

itle,

nd

with

AAEHANAPOY

on

r.

Same

monograms.Newell,. c. No.22. F. gr.17.035.

Series

V,

circa

26-323

.c.

62

Tetradrachm.

Obv.

Similar.

AND

MONOGRAPHS



20/59

12 ALEXANDER

HOARDS

Rev Similar.

In

field,

o

over

Beneath hrone,

Newell,

.

No.

28.

VG.

not leaned),

r.

17.24.

Mint

of Aradus.

63

Tetradrachm.

Obv. Similar.

Rev.

Similar.

n

exergue,

ASIAES,

on

r.,

AAEEANAPOY.

Beneath

hrone,

fa

Mller,

o.

1360.

VF.

gr.17.07.

64-66

Tetradrachms.

Obv. Similar.

Rev.

Similar.

In

field,

.

Beneath

throne,

a

Mller,

o.

1364.

F.

and

VF.

gr. 17.03;

17.105;

7.195-

Plate

II.

67

Tetradrachm.

Obv.

Similar.

Rev.

Similar.

In

field,

.

Beneath

throne,

a

Mller,

o.

1363.

F.

gr.17.23.

Mint

of Byblus.

MonogramfKingAdramelek.68 Tetradrachm.

Obv.

Similar.

Rev.

Similar,

tyle arly.

In

field,

A

Mller,

o.

1375.

G.

gr.

17.015.

NUMISMATIC

NOTES



21/59

ANDRITS

AENA

13

69-71

Tetradrachms.

Obv. Similar, utof laterstyle.

Rev.

Similar,

utof

Mllems

tyle

V.

In

field,

Mller,

o.

1375.

F

to

F.

D. C.

gr.17^095

17.10; 7.19.

Plate

II.

Mint of Ake.

Series

,

circa

32-328

.c.

72

Tetradrachm.

Obv. Similar.


hrone,

M.

Newell,

he

DatedAlexander

oinage

f

Sidon nd

Ake,

No. 2.

VG.

gr.17.14-

SeriesII, circa 26-320.c.

73

Tetradrachm.

Obv. Similar.

Rev. Similar.

In

field,

JJS

year

23=

circa

323

b.c.).

Newell,

.

c.

No.

18. VF.

gr.17.07.

Plate V.

Mint

of

Babylon.

Series

I,

circa

29-326

.c.

74

Tetradrachm.

Obv. Head of

Heracles

to

r.,

of

"Babyloniantyle."Rev. Zeus enthronedo 1. Beneath

throne,

[$

and

M.

(Symbol

origi-

nally

n

the

exergue

s "off

lan.")

Mller,

o.

670.

F.

gr.

17.20.

AND MONOGRAPHS



22/59

14

ALEXANDER HOARDS

75

Tetradrachm.

Obv. From same obversedie.

Rev.

Similar,

ut with

back to

throne.

In

field,

hunderbolt.

Beneath

hrone,

M

and

M.

Mller,

o.

679.

VG.

gr. 17.12.

76

Tetradrachm.

Obv.

Similar.

Rev. Similar.

In

field,

reath.

Same

monogram

nd

M

beneath

hrone.

Variety

ot

n

Mller.

F.

gr.

17.09.

77

Tetradrachm.

Obv. Similar.

Rev.

Similar.

In

field,

antharus.

Same

monogram

nd

M

beneath

hrone

Variety

ot

n

Mller.

.

D. C.

gr. 17.18.

78

Tetradrachm.

Obv. Similar.

Rev. Similar.

In

field,

ose. Same

monogram

nd

M

beneath

hrone.

Variety

ot n

Mller.

F.

gr.

17.225.

Series

II,

circa

26-324

.c.

79

Tetradrachm.

Obv. Similar.Rev. Similar. In field, bunch of

grapes

and

M.

Same

monogram

e-

neath

hrone.

Mller,

o.

692.

VF.

gr.17.155.

NUMISMATIC

NOTES



23/59

ANDRITS

AENA

15

Series

V,

circa

23-320

.c.

80 Tetradrachm.

Obv.

Similar.

Rev.

Similar,

but of

more advanced

style

Midler's

tyle

V).

In

field,

M

Beneath

hrone,

Y.

Mller,

o.

1272.

VF.

gr.

17.115.

81-82

Tetradrachms.

In

name

of

Philip

Arrhidaeus

(after

23

b.c.).

Obv.

Similar.

Rev.

Similar,

ut

nscribed,

A2IAE02

SIAinnOY.

In

field,

M.

Beneath

throne, Y.

Mller,

o.

99.

VF.

gr.17.09;

7.115.

After

17

b.c.

83

Tetradrachm.

Obv.

Heracles'

head

of fine

tyle

o

r.

Rev.

Zeus enthroned

o 1.

In

exergue,

BA2IAE22;

on

r., AAEEANAPOY

In

field,

RZp

m

wreath.

Beneath

throne,

MI.

Mller,

o.

734.

F.

D.

C.

gr. 17.115.

Plate

V.

Ancient

Imitation of the

Alexander Coinage.

84

Tetradrachm.

Obv. Head

imitated rom

Babylonian

issues.

AND

MONOGRAPHS



24/59

16

ALEXANDER

HOARDS

Rev Seated Zeus imitated

rom

Cyp-

riote or Phoenician ssues. On r.,

AAESANA.

On

1.,

A2BA.

.A.

Not

cleaned.

G.

gr.

16.52.

Plate

V.

BOTIA.

Period

79-338

.c.

85

Stater.

Obv.

Boeotianhield.

Rev.

Amphora

etween

AI

2.

Brit.

Mus.Cat.

p.

82.

No.

134.

Somewhat

worn.

86

Stater.

Obv Boeotianhield.

Rev.

Amphora

etween

KA

BI.

Brit.

Mus.

Cat.

p.

83.

No.

150.

Somewhat

worn.

Plate

W

Period

38-335

r

ater.

87

Stater.

Obv.

Boeotian

hield.

Rev.

Amphora

between

BO

IO.

bunch

of grapes above.

Brit.Mus. Cat.

p.

36.

No.

42.

Somewhat

worn.

Plate V.

REGINA.

Period 50-456 .c.

88-972

Staters.

Obv.

Sea-turtle.

Rev.

Incuse

square

divided

by

bands

NUMISMATIC

NOTES



25/59

ANDRITSAENA

17

into

a conventional

attern

of five

compartments.

Brit.

Mus.

Cat.

Pl.

xxiv,

Nos.

i,

2.

All

very

uch orn.

Period

04-350

.c.,

r

later.

98-105

Staters.

Obv.

Land-tortoisetestudo

rca).

Rev

Incuse

square

divided

by

bands

into a

conventional

attern

of

fiv

compartments.

Brit.Mus.

Cat.

Pl.

xxiv,

os.

10-12. .-VF.

Plate

V.

At least three nd

probably

more

of

these ight taters,ll in the finest on-

dition,

were of the ater

type

with

nar-

row

bands,

spread

fabric,

nd tortoise

of

later

tyle.

SICYON.

Period

00-300

.c.

106 Stater.

Obv.

Chimaera

o 1.

Beneath,

E.

Rev. Dove

flying

o 1.

n

wreath.

Brit.Mus.Cat.

PI. vii.

No.

17.

Somewhat

worn.

107

Stater.

Obv.

Chimaera

o r.

Beneath,

1.

Rev.

Dove

flying

o r.

in

wreath.

Somewhat

orn.

Plate

V.

AND

MONOGRAPHS



26/59

18

ALEXANDER

HOARDS

ELIS

(OLYMPIA).

Period21-365.c.

108

Stater.

Obv.

On

boss

of a

round

hield,

agle

to

1.

devouring

erpent.

Rev.

Thunderbolt

etween

-

A.

Seltman,

os.162-6

die

BV).

Much

worn

and

overed

ith

unchmarks.

Period

43-3*3

.c.

109

Stater.

Obv.

Laureate

head

of

Zeus to

r.

Rev.

Eagle

standing

o

r. on

Ionic

capital.

In

field,

hunderbolt

andSERPENT.

Seltman,

os.

207-12

die

CT).

Somewhat

worn.

Period

63-323

.c.,

r

ater,

no

Stater.

Obv.

Head

of

Hera

to

r.

wearing

Stephanos

nscribed

FAAEIfN.

In

field,

(A).

Rev.

Eagle

standing

o

1.,

head

to

r.

and

wings

pread.

The

whole n

olive

wreath.

Seltman,

o.

344 diesFG-irj). F.PlateV.

One of

the

principal

easons

mpelling

the

writer

o

publish

his

ittle

find

be-

NUMISMATIC

NOTES



27/59

ANDRITSAENA

19

fore

thermore

mportant

nes)

is

that,

smallthough t is, it furnishes very

typical pecimen

f the

kind of hoards

buried

n

Hellas

during

he

ast

quarter

of the

fourth

entury

.c.

The

usual

contents

f such

deposits

may

be sum-

marized

briefly

s follows:

large

pro-

portion

f

Alexander's etradrachms

n

which Macedonian ssues

predominate;

a smaller

ut not at all

negligible

um-

ber

of the ssues

both

contemporaneous

and posthumous)of Philip II; and,

finally, scattering

umber

f

such

ocal

and

autonomousssues s were till

eing

struck

n

the

larger

cities or

were

still

generally

urrent-

hough

heir

riginal

mints had been closed.

Furthermore,

from he

standpoint

f the Alexander

series,

heAndritsaena oard s interest-

ing

as

representing

he

Greek

counter-

part,

n

everything

ut

size,

of the

great

Egyptian

ind

f

Demanhur.

With

one

importantxception ll of its varieties

are

to

be

found

n

theDemanhur

eposit.

And this one

exception,

o.

83,

enables

us to

place

the

probable

urial date of

AND MONOGRAPHS



28/59

20

ALEXANDER

HOARDS

the Andritsaenahoard within rather

narrow imits.

It

is

to be noticed hat

not

one

of our

Alexander coins was struck fter the

death of

Philip

Arrhidseus,

xcepting

only

No.

83.

Now this

piece represents

the firstssue

immediatelyollowing

he

seriescurrent

n

Babylon

t

the

time

f

his death.3With

hem his oin s

closely

bound

y great

imilarity

f

detail,

tyle,

and

fabric.

As these

very

oon

change,

it must

have been struck

arly

in

the

course of the new issue. It cannot

therefore ave

appeared

much fter he

commencementf

316

b.c.,

for

Philip

was assassinated

arly

n

November f

317

b.c.4 This hoard

cannot, hen,

have

been buriedearlier than

the

year

316.

As

this

particular abylonian

oin is in

such

perfect

onditiont could have seen

but

ittle,

f

any,

irculation. n our cal-

culations,

owever,

e must

llow a cer-

tain timefor tslong ourneyfrom he

plains

of

Babylonia

o

the

mountains f

the western

eloponnesus.

This will

of

necessity ring

us

to

the end of

316,

or

NUMISMATIC

NOTES



29/59

ANDRITS

AEN

A 21

even

well into the

year

315

b.c. as

the

only possibledate at which he Andrit-

saena hoard ould

have

been

buried.

The

total

absenceof so

many

very

common

coins

struck

n

the last

years

of

Philip

Arrhidaeusr

in the first

ears

of

Alex-

ander

IV

forbids

etting

he

burial

at

a later date.

This is further

orrobo-

rated

by

the

uniformly

rilliant

ondi-

tion

exhibited

y

all

the

coins

in the

hoard which

date

after about

320

b.c.

Thus,on the sole evidence f thecoinsin this

find,

we seem

amply

ustified

n

fixing

n

the

year

315

b.c.

as the

prob-

able time

t which

hey

were

buried.

And this date would

seem to fit

in

remarkably

ell

with

certain

polit-

ical

events which took

place

in the

Peloponnesus

t this

time,

and

which

might

have induced he

former wner

of our

hoard to

consign

t to

Mother

Earth.

We

know hat

fter he success-

fulconclusionf Antigonus'ampaigns

against

Eumenes

n

the

east,

he moved

his

army

rom

abylon

o

Cilicia,

where

he

went nto

winter

uarters.

This

was

AND

MONOGRAPHS



30/59

22 ALEXANDER

HOARDS

in

the late autumn

f

316

b.c. At this

time he foundhimselfhreatenedy a

powerful

oalition

f the

remaining

a-

traps,

Cassander of

Macedn,

Lysi-

machusof

Thrace,

Assanderof

Caria,

and

Ptolemy

f

Egypt.

To hold Cas-

sander

n

check while he settledwith

the

remainder,

ntigonus

ow sent his

trusted

riend,

Aristodemusf

Miletus,

with one

thousand alents o the Pelo-

ponnesus

with instructionso

raise

an

army

of mercenaries

nd,especially,

o

win

Polysperchon

or his cause. The

latter

had,

since

318

b.c.,

been

waging

desperate

warfare

against

Cassander,

and now found

imself

n

the

possession

of a

large portion

f the

Peloponnesus.

By

the

beginning

f

315

b.c.,

Aristode-

mus had

ccomplished

ll his

objects

nd,

together

with

Polysperchon,

as

at the

head of a considerable

rmy.

In

the meanwhile

Apollonides,

as-

sander's eneral tationednArgos,had

been

ble to

hold his own until

his mas-

ter's

rrival,

nd even to

seize the town

of

Stymphalus.

Having

recruited

a

NUMISMATIC

NOTES



31/59

ANDRITSAENA

23

fresh

rmy

n

Macedonia,

assander,

n

the springof 315 b.c., marched outh

through

hessaly

and

Bceotia,

ecured

Corinth's

arbor

Kenchrese,5

nd

pushed

on into Arcadia.

He seized

Orcho-

menus nd

staged

n ambitious

aid over

into Messenia.

As,

however,

e

found

the

city

f Messene

oo

strongly

eld

by

Polysperchon

o warrant

n

attempt

t

assault,

he

returned

o Arcadia.

Leav-

ing

Damis as

military

ommander

f

the district, assanderwent to Argos

and celebrated erethe Nemean

Games.

These are reckoned

y Droysen6

o

have

been held

in

the

first

ear

of the

11

th

Olympiad,

r

August

of

315

b.c. Soon

after

e

returned ithhis

army

o

Mace-

donia,

Cassander's

opponents,

mmedi-

ately mproving

pon

this

opportunity,

again

overran all the

Peloponnesus,

chased the

garrisons

from own after

town,

nd soon were

n

undisturbed

os-

session fpracticallyll of thepeninsula.

Thus ended he

campaign

f

315

b.c.

Although

he

fighting

as resumedwith

the

pring

f

314,

t was

principally

on-

AND

MONOGRAPHS



32/59

24

ALEXANDER

HOARDS

fined o

northwesternlis

(about

Kyl-

lene) and to the provinceof Achaia,

leaving

the

district bout

modern

An-

dritsaena

uite

untouched.

This state f

affairs,

o

far s we can

gather

rom

ur

ancient

ources,

lso

held true

for the

ensuing

ears.

In

other

words,

t would

appear

that

only

in

315

b.c.

was the

country,

ithin

radiusof

twenty

miles

of

Andritsaena,

isturbed

y actually

contending

rmies o

that

ife and

prop-

ertywould not be safe.7

At that

time

the hills about Andritsaena

ay

but a

littleto

one side of

Cassander's

direct

route

rom

Orchomenus

o

Messene.

He

would

probably

t least

have sent

raid-

ing

parties

nto the hills

during

his ad-

vance

southwards,

f

only

o

protect

is

flank,

s well

as his

line

of

supplies

nd

retreat,

gainst ny

sudden

ttack. Cas-

sander's

ampaign

ppears

o have been

merely

tourde

force

in

the

course of

whichhe held onlythe places actually

occupied by

his soldiers.

All

the

re-

mainingportions

f the

Peloponnesus

and

all but few f

the

arge

ities

such

AND

MONOGRAPHS



33/59

ANDRITSAENA 25

as

Argos, tymphalus,

rchomenus,

nd

possibly pidaurus) werein the hands

of

Polysperchon,

is

son, Alexander,

Aristodemus,

nd their llies. The

latter,

however,

id

notonce dare to meet

Cas-

sander's

veteran

forces

n

open

battle,

but contented hemselveswith

holding

the walled

cities,

nd

undoubtedly

he

mountainso either ide

of

his

advancing

forces. Guerillawarfare

was

apparently

the orderof the

day.

No wonderhen hat nsuchtroublous

times,

nd wellwithin he one ofactive

operations,

he

former wner

of our

hoarddecided

o

place

his

savings

n

as

safe a

place

as

possible.

Why

he was

never ble to

remove hem ater

is,

of

course,

open

to

many conjectures.

To

attempt

solution

wouldbe futile.

With

he sole

exception

f No.

83,

the

Philip

and

Alexander oins

in

the An-

dritsaenahoard call

for but little om-

ment. The issues of Amphipolis,he

largest

f

all the Alexander

mints,

ut-

number hose

of

any

other

ne

mint,

s

is

only

natural

for

a

hoard

found

n

a

AND

MONOGRAPHS



34/59

26

ALEXANDER HOARDS

country

enjoying

close

and constant

communicationsithMacedonia. This

was even

the case with

such a

distant

hoard s

thatof

Demanhur

q.

v.).

On

the other

hand

it is

interesting

o ob-

serve

hat,

f

taken

ogether,

he

Asiatic

Alexander

ssues

by

far

outnumber

43

as

against

0)

the

European

nes.

This

s

not

usually

he case

with

hoards

found

in

Europe

nd

dating

rom

he ast

quar-

ter of

the

fourth

entury

.c.8

In

this

case, however, heremay be an easysolution.It willbe rememberedhat n

316

b.c.,

r

ust

the

year

before he

prob-

able

burial date

of our

hoard,

Aristo-

demus

was

sent

by

Antigonus

o the

Peloponnesus

with a

thousand

talents

with

which to

raise

troops.9

Again,

early

n

315

b.c.,

Diodorus

states10

hat

Polysperchon's

on,

Alexander,

eturned

from

short

isit o

Antigonus

n

Cilicia

with

further

umof

fivehundred

al-

ents.Thesehuge umswereundoubtedly

in

the

form

of

coined

money.

There

were

no

facilities

n

the

southern

elo-

ponnesus

o

convert

o

much ullion

nto

NUMISMATIC

NOTES



35/59

ANDRITSAENA

27

readymoney,

nd the

all-important

ime

was lacking. It wouldobviously ave

been

far more

xpedient

or

Antigonus

merely

o turn

ver

lready

oined

money

furnished im

by

the

many

ctivemints

at

his

command

n

the

east. Further-

more,

we

may

gather

fromDiodorus11

that

his

recent uccessful

ampaigns

n

the

east had been

most ucrative.

Antigonus

t this imewas

assembling

a

great

army

n

Cilicia for

the

coming

expeditiongainst yria ndEgypt.Forthis

purpose

he had

probably

eento it

that the

satrapal

offers

houldbe well

filledwith the

"sinews of war"

in

an

immediately

vailable

form.

Any

coins

Aristodemus,

nd

later,

Alexander,

ad

brought

ith

hem

rom

Asia would oon

be certainto

find heir

way

through-

out the

ength

nd breadth

f

the south-

ern

Peloponnesus.

The

newly

hired

soldierswould e

only

oo

ready

o

spend

thefirstnstalmentsf their ay. Their

commanders,

ecause of

political

ondi-

tions,

ad

only

he

mmediately

urround-

ing

countryside

rom

which

o draw

heir

AND

MONOGRAPHS



36/59

28

ALEXANDER

HOARDS

supplies.

These would

probably

ot be

all commandeered.n a poorcountryike

this,

Polysperchon

nd his allies

had

to

depend

oo much

upon

the

good-will

f

the

inhabitants-

ver

ready

to welcome

a

change-

to risknot

paying

or

t

least

some of the

supplies

requisitioned

or

the

support

f their rmies.

Thus,

very

soon,

probably

considerable

number

of Alexander oins

from astern

mints

was

in

circulation

mong

the

people

of

Messenia, Laconia, southern lis, andsouthernArcadia. It is

possible,

lso,

that

many

of the earlier

eastern ssues

had

already

ound heir

way

to

the Pelo-

ponnesus

as

to the rest of

Hellas)

in

the hands of

returning

eteransfrom

Alexander's rmies.

Provided hat

we

really

have the en-

tire

find efore

us,

it is

curious,

o

say

the

east,

to

note the entire bsence of

any

of those

Alexandrine

ssues which

were first ssigned o a mint t Sicyon

by

M. Babelon.12

The

very

same

phe-

nomenon

s also observable

n

the

Kypa-

rissiahoard.13 Of

course,

n

such small

NUMISMATIC

NOTES



37/59

ANDRITSAENA

29

hoards chance must needs

play

a

very

large partand too much tressmustnot

be laid

upon

the

absence of

any

one

variety, articularly

f

t

be

at all scarce.

To the best

of the writer's

nowledge

the Andritsaena

oard,

n

point

f

date,

is the

arliest

of

whichwe have

record)

in

which

posthumous

ssues of

Philip

I

(No.

io,

Plate

I)

make an

appearance.

Later these

oinsbecome

uite

ommon,

as

in

the

Megara,

Lamia,

and other

Grecianhoards which t is hopedwill

be

published

ventually.

As shown

bove

by

the

catalogue,

n-

cluded

n

this findwas also an ancient

forgery

f

the Alexander etradrachm

(No.

84,

Plate

IV).

The nature f

the

coin s

indicated

y

ts

blundered

egends,

the

dryness

f the

style,

nd the fact

that

ts obverse

s imitated rom

enu-

ine

Babylonian

ssues,

while

ts reverse

copies

certain

arly

Phoenician r

Cyp-

riote Alexanders. Furthermore,t is

the

only

coin

in

the

hoard

which,

n

addition o the

purple

xide and

yellow-

ish

dirtwhich t bears

in

common

with

AND MONOGRAPHS



38/59

30

ALEXANDER

HOARDS

the

remaining

oins

of the

fnd}

s

also

encrusted ith hick atches fverdigris.

This is a

phenomenon

requently

b-

served

by

the

writer

n certain

hoards

which

have contained

oth ancient

for-

geries

nd

genuine

ssues.

Almost

nvari-

ably

these

mitations f

the

period

will

be encrusted

ith

pots

of

verdigris

ot

shown

by any

of the

genuine

pieces.

This is

undoubtedly

ue to the

poorer

quality

f

the silver

of which

the for-

geriesare made,the larger

amount f

copper

n their

lloy

brought

othe sur-

face

by

decomposition,

nd other hem-

ical

changes

which

have

taken

place

during

he

long period

in which

they

have

lain buried

underground.

The

accompanyingenuine

oins,

having

but

little,

f

any,

copper

n

the

composition

of

their

metal,

will

only

how

the usual

forms

f

decomposition

ustomary

or

pure

ilver.

In view of the Peloponnesian rigin

of our

find,

t

is but

natural

hat

coins

of

.Egina,

icyon,

nd

Elis should

have

formed

he

greater

ortion

f the uton-

NUMISMATIC

NOTES



39/59

ANDRITS

AEN

A

31

omous

coinages

which t

contained.

It

is noticeable,s was also thecase with

the

Kyparissia

hoard,

that Athenian

tetradrachms

nd Corinthian

taters re

both

absent. The

Boeotian,

icyonian,

and

Olympian

ssues call for no

special

remarks.

They

are

precisely

what

one

would

have

expected

o occur

n

a hoard

of

thisdate

and

place.

The

^Eginetan

taters,

os.

98-105,

n

the other

hand,

would seem

to raise a

question f dating. It will be noticedthat

they

are of the Testudo Gr eca

(land-tortoise)

ype

and

belong

to

the

anepigraphic

eries,

now

assigned

by

scholars o the

years

mmediately

ollow-

ing

he

Eginetan

estoration

f

404

b.c.14

At least

three

n

our find

re of

the

ate,

spread-fabric

ype

with hin

instead

of

thick)

bands

dividing

he ncuse

f their

reverses.

All

the

specimens

re

in

fine

condition

nd could have

seen

but

ittle

circulation. n theotherhand,notone

of the

nscribed

arieties,

earing

A,

AI,

AIT,

or

AITI,

turned

up.

These

are

supposed

o have been

struck

uring

he

AND

MONOGRAPHS



40/59

32 ALEXANDER HOARDS

years

mmediately

receding

48

b.c.

It

is curiousthatthese shouldbe missing

when he

supposedly

uch arlier

eries

was

present

ot

only

n

goodly

numbers

but lso

in

suchfine ondition. t

would

seem

as if the latter

the

uninscribed,

thin-banded,

nd

spread-

abric

ype)

had

been struck ut

recently,

nd not at the

very

ommencementf the

century.

The writer

might

not

have

paid

any

particular

ttentiono

this

urious

nom-

aly-in hoards o much s

due to

mere

chance-had it not been for theconsid-

eration that

another ittle

hoard

(or

portion

f a

hoard),

brought

o his

at-

tention

n

1

2

1,

presented

he

very

ame

feature.

That ot

consisted f six

Philip

II

tetradrachms

Mller,

Nos.

158,

252,

263,

two

specimens

f

269,

270)

;

four-

teen

Alexander tetradrachms

Mller,

Nos.

3,

216,

392,

two

specimens

f

550,

var.

of

567,

684,

697,

var.

704,

853,

860,

var. 1302,var. 1342,1473) and three

^Eginetan

taters

n

fine

condition

nd

all of

the

404-350

b.c.

type

ccurring

n

the Andritsaena

find.

Here,

too,

in-

NUMISMATIC

NOTES



41/59

ANDRITSAENA

33

scribed

Eginetan

taters re noticeable

bytheir bsence.

The reader will

forgive slight

di-

gression

o allow the discussion f

this

second

find." A

selection

f four

yp-

ical

specimens

s

given

n

Plate

VI.

The

coins themselves

were

shown

to

the

writer

n

November,

921,

y

Mr.

A.

H.

Baldwin

of London.

According

o

the

latter's

tatement,

here

ouldbe

no

ques-

tion but

that

these

twenty-three

oins

had reallybeen found ogether.When

first ffered or

sale

they

had all

been

coveredwith

n identical

ype

f

patina

which,

s was also

the

case with

the

Andritsaena

oins,

proved asily

remov-

able,

o that

he oins

o-day

ave almost

the

appearance

f

having

been

freshly

minted.Mr.

Baldwin urthertated hat

the ot

had been

brought

n

to

him but

a short ime efore

y

a

Greek,

native

of the ittle

Peloponnesian

ity

of

"Tai-

poli" (undoubtedlyripolis, lso known

as

Tripolitsa),

who informed

im

that

the

coins

had

only recently

een found

"in

that

neighborhood."

AND MONOGRAPHS



42/59

34

ALEXANDER

HOARDS

The

astonishing

imilarity

n

content

of this"Tripolitsa" indwithwhat has

come

to us of the

Andritsaena oard s

at once manifest

nd at

least

suggests

the

possibility

f a common

rigin.

The

Alexander

ssues

n

both

cover

exactly

the

possibility

f

a

common

rigin.

The

same

proportion

f

European

o

Asiatic

issues. As

against

he

30

European

nd

43

Asiatic

Alexanders

of

the

Andrit-

saena

lot,

compare

he

5

European

and

7 Asiatic

in

the "Tripolitsa"- he pro-

portion

s

practically

dentical. Both

hoards

ontained,

n

addition,

propor-

tionate

numberof

Philip's

coins

and

.Eginetan

taters.

The

average

condi-

tion

of wear exhibited

y

the coins

in

the

two lots is

also

absolutely

dentical.

Furthermore,

ripolitsa,

ne

of the

arg-

est towns

n

the

Peloponnesus

nd the

chef

ieu of

Arcadia,

s

moreor less di-

rectly

connected

with Andritsaena

by

carriage oad viaMegalopolis ndKary-

taena,

so that

it would not be

so

very

surprising

or coins found

n

the

neigh-

borhood

of

Andritsaena o turn

up

in

NUMISMATIC NOTES



43/59

ANDRITSAE

NA

35

Tripolitsa.

It is

curious,

f

course,

but

not entirelywithout recedent,hatso

long

time

hould

have

elapsed

between

the

ppearance

n

themarket

f thetwo

lots.

In

February

f

1922,

the writer

visited

Athens nd

made

many

nquiries

concerning

possible

hoard of

Alexan-

der's

coins

supposedly

ecently

ound

n

the

Peloponnesus.

On the last

day

of

his

tay

n

Athens certain ealer15

ame

to

him

tating

hat

he had

ust

received

word

oncerning

lot ofabout

hundred

Alexanders rom recent ind- ut the

writer could

not ascertain

where

the

find ad been

made,

nor

could he

delay

his

departure

or the

somewhat

emote

possibility

f

eventually eing

able to

secure he

"find."

Whether his ot had

anything

o

do with

the Andritsaena

pieces

which

arrived

n

Athens

year

later,

s

certainly

ot at

present

uscep-

tible f

proof.

So much

or he

"Tripo-

litsa" find.For the time-beingothing

more

definitean

be said

concerning

ts

origin,

ut n

studying

he

Andritsaena

hoardwe

must

not

ose

sight

f thecir-

AND

MONOGRAPHS



44/59

36

ALEXANDER

HOARDS

cumstance

hat the

"Tripolitsa"

ot

may

also originally ave belonged o it.

The

apparent

bsence f

any

nscribed

iEginetan

staters

n

the

two lots

de-

scribed

above

is

brought

into

yet

stronger

elief

by

a

large

hoard of

an

entirely

ifferent

haracter.

The writer

refers o the

great

hoard

of

1596

Boeo-

tian,

Sicyonian,

and

-Eginetan

oins

found n

1914

in

Thessaly

nd

now

in

the

Athens

National

Collection.16

This

remarkable ind ontained 078Boeotianstatersfrom he earliest

periods

right

down

o,

nd

ncluding,

oins

f the

period

338-3

b.c.

Because

of the

compara-

tively arge

number

f this latter

lass

contained

n

the

find,

t

musthave been

buriedwell

after

he

year 338

b.c.

Of

the

accompanying

25

^Eginetan

taters,

234

bore the

sea-turtle

s

type,

nd

so

belong

to

the

sixth

and

fifth

enturies

b.c. The

remaining0

specimens

ave

the

land-tortoisetestudorca) and belong

to the

fourth

entury.

Again

it

is

to

be noted

that

they

ncludenot a

single

specimen

f the

type

earing

he

nscrip-

NUMISMATIC

NOTES



45/59

ANDRITSAENA

37

tions

A,

AI, Air,

or

Ain.

This fact

s

all the more noteworthys the find

was a

large

one,

and thus

the element

of chance s

almost

entirely

liminated.

Can

it be

that

he

minting

f

silver ta-

ters

t

.Egina

id

not

really

ometo an

end with

the

year

348

b.c.,17

ut

was

again

undertaken

t a

slightly

ater

date

and under he

aegis

f

Macedn?

Any

detailed

discussion,

r

any

ten-

tative

rearrangement

f

the

^Eginetan

series,wouldbe out ofplacehere. That

must

be left for others

o

accomplish.

Leaving

aside the

moot

question

f

the

real

date of

the

inscribed

Eginetan

staters,

he ittle

Andritsaena

oard has

at least

sustained

he

assignment

y

Fox

of

the

land-tortoise

ype

to the fourth

century.

AND

MONOGRAPHS



46/59

38

ALEXANDER

HOARDS

NOTES

1

Muller,

n

describing

his

oin

which

s m

the

Paris

ollection,

as

mistaken

he

ee

ymbol

or

a

"lambda."

8

None ftheseen oins ere

ctually

een

y

Mr.

Noe,

nd

hey

ave

een ncluded

nly

n

the

trength

f

a statement

ade

y

one

f

the

Athenian

oin

ealers ho

aw he

hoard efore

its

dispersal.

here

s no

adequate

eason

hy

they

ight

ot ave een

ontainedn he oard.

8

At he imehe ews f

Philip's

eath

as

e-

ceivednBabylon,heoinsepresentedyMller'snumbers6, 117 inname fPhilipII) and

1542,

543

in

name

fAlexander

V)

were

eing

struck.

his onclusion

asbeen eached

y

he

writer

n

study

f

hemintt

Babylon

hiche

hopes

oon

o

publish.

nfortunately,

e here

cannot

o

nto his

matter

n

greater

etail.

4

Droysen,

eschichte

es

Hellenismus,I, i,

p.

241,

note

.

5

At his ime

eld

y olysperchon's

on,

Alex-

ander.

8

Droysen,

. .

Ill,

2,

p.

37.

T

t must

e remembered

hat,

ecause

f

the

character

f its

contents,

he

hoard ouldnot

possibly

ave

een

uried

revious

o

the

om-

mencementf316b.c. Thereforeolysperchon'scampaigngainstMegalopolisn 318b.c.and

Cassander's

ttacks

n

Tegea

n

317

b.c.

need

ot

betaken

nto ccount.

n

316

b.c.Cassander

id

indeed

nvade

he

eloponnesus

nd eize

Argos.

Messene

nd

other

ities f the

peninsula

ere

"freed,"

r

voluntarily

ided ith

im.

o far s

NUMISMATIC

NOTES



47/59

AND

MONOGRAPHS

ANDRITSAENA 39

our

ources ouldeem

o

show,

owever,

he

forcesever

ame o

any

ctual

ighting,

or he

powerfPolysperchonn he eloponnesustthistime as

omparatively

eak.

8

For

nstance,

n

the

Kyparissia

oard

q.

v.)

there ere

5 European

lexanders,

s

against

only

Asiatic. lso

n the

amia

oard

in

the

Athens

ational

ollection)

ehave 8

European

to

ii

Asiatic

lexanders.he

Messene

oard,

whichhewriter

opes

oon o

publish,

epresents

special

nd

very

nteresting

ase.

Here,

amely,

there

urned

p

30

Asiaticnd

nly

ne

uropean

Alexander

8

iodorus,IX,

57,

5.

10

IX,61,

.

11

IX,

6,

and

;

XIX,

7,

,

where

e

lso

learnhathe theratrapserenlyoo nxioustodividehe poils.

12

evue

umismatique1904,

p.

1

7-133.

18

ne,

however,

ccurred

n

the

Epidaurus

hoard,

phemeris,

903,

p.98-116.

14

arle ox

n

Corolla

umismatica,

p.

34-46.

Head,

istoria

umorum,

nd

d.,

. 397.

Head,

in

thefirst

ditionf

the

Historiand

n

the

Brit.Mus.Cat.

Attica,tc.,

ad

previously

s-

signed

heseoins o

the

mpossible

ate

80-456

b.c.

Curiouslynough,

abelon

as

recently

followed

imn

this

Trait,Is,

pp.

155-158).

15

ot he

ame ealer rom

hom

heAndrit-

saena

ieces

ere

ventually

cquired.

18 ublishedyJ.N.Svoronos,nArch.eltion,Vol. I, pp. 73-335.

17

s both

ead nd

Babelon

elieve.



48/59


49/59

Plate

I

NDRITSAENA



50/59


51/59

Plate

II

NDRITSAENA



52/59


53/59

Plate

III

NDRITSAENA



54/59


55/59

Plate IV

NDRITSAENA



56/59


57/59

Plate

V

NDRITSAENA



58/59


59/59

Plate

VI

NDRITSAENA

Alexander hoards. III : Andritsaena / by Edward T. Newell

Documents

Transcript of Alexander hoards. III : Andritsaena / by Edward T. Newell