Airbus Composites - Damage Tolerance Methodolgy - Fualdes
-
Upload
rajathjoshi -
Category
Documents
-
view
158 -
download
8
description
Transcript of Airbus Composites - Damage Tolerance Methodolgy - Fualdes
-
Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1
Damage Tolerance Methodology
Chicago, IL
Prepared by Emilie MORTEAU, Chantal FUALDES
Presented by
Chantal FUALDESAirbus Head of Composite stress analysis Composite Senior Expert
FAA Workshop for Composite Damage Tolerance and Maintenance July 19-21, 2006
Composites @ Airbus
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 2 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
Main principles in Damage tolerance methodologyR
EG
UL
AT
ION
RE
GU
LA
TIO
N
ANALYSISANALYSIS--
FATIGUEFATIGUE& DAMAGE& DAMAGE
TOLERANCETOLERANCEEVALUATIONSEVALUATIONS
ININ--SERVICESERVICEEXPERIENCEEXPERIENCE
TEST RESULTS TEST RESULTS
BUILDING BLOCK APPROACHBUILDING BLOCK APPROACH
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 3 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
CONTENT
1. AIRBUS Damage tolerance philosophy1. Damage Detectability2. Impact threat3. Large Damage4. Hail5. Manufacturing defects6. No-growth / Fatigue
2. Test Pyramid3. Analysis4. Key messages
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 4 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
CONTENT
1. AIRBUS Damage tolerance philosophy1. Damage Detectability2. Impact threat3. Large Damage4. Hail5. Manufacturing defects6. No-growth / Fatigue
2. Test Pyramid3. Analysis4. Key messages
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 5 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
1- AIRBUS Damage tolerance philosophy
DT Philosophy to answer to requirement and means of compliance
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 6 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
CONTENT
1. AIRBUS Damage tolerance philosophy1. Damage Detectability2. Impact threat3. Large Damage4. Hail5. Manufacturing defects6. No-growth / Fatigue
2. Test Pyramid3. Analysis4. Key messages
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 7 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
1.1- Damage detectability
Damage detectability
Damage metric
BVID definition
Large VID definition
Supporting tests and analysis
Relaxation behaviour
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 8 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
1.1- Damage detectability
4For Airbus composite parts (CWB, Keel Beam, aileron, spoiler, HTP, VTP, LGD, etc)relevant impacts for DT analysis are from maintenance i.e. tool drop, removable panel drop, and in a smaller extent from operation by runway debris (LGD), 4Shape of damage can be simulated by low impactor diameter (diameter generally used for composite test and DT substantiation is from 6 to 25mm), and 4Resulting damages have similar diameter, mainly the dent depth (and crack length for edges), and depend on the impact energy
For transverse impact, the damage metric used for detectability is the
dent depth
For edge impact, the damage metric used for detectability is the dent
depth and/or cracks length
Has to be revisited for composite fuselage application for consistency
with impact sources (ground handling)Damage metric
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 9 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
1.1- Damage detectability
The minimum impact damage surely detectable by scheduled inspection
4Dent depth criterion as a damage metric is widely used for composites. (It is acceptable to use additional criteria (not just dent depth) when establishing the limit of detectability, if this is justified by appropriate testing)4It corresponds to a probability of detection of 90% with an interval of confidence of 95%.4It provides a reasonable level of robustness for the structure design
the aim is to sustain UL with BVID
Two values for the BVID criterion are established dependent on the visual inspection type : DET and GVI
BVID definition
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 10 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
1.1- Damage detectability
is technology and structure dependant
4Damage size associated to walk-around is considered on a case-by-case basis
4 Typically penetration
Example for a sandwich structure
Large VID definition
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 11 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
1.1- Damage detectability
DET InspectionDetection of damages on different composite panels (size: from 100*100mm to 0.8m, painted or not, glossy or mat,white, grey, blue or green paint, primer) Duration of inspection : not limitedDistance of inspection : 50 cmLighting condition : available lighting+grazing light (if required)Several impactor diameter : 6mm and 16mmA total of 902 inspections
GVI InspectionInspection on large panel (8m*1.2 m)Two configurations : horizontal or vertical panelsDistance of inspection : 1mDuration of inspection : 30sec/panelArtificial lighting representative of Natural daylightSeveral impacts on painted panel: from 0.3mm deep to perforationSeveral impactor diameter : from 6 to 120mmA total of 240 inspections
FOR BVID TRANSVERSE IMPACT
Supporting tests and analysis and in-service survey
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 12 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
1.1- Damage detectability
( )
-
-
-
---
==>j
jd
md
ymd
j dyeddeddPs
s
psp
log
22
log
det
2
2
2
21
)(log.2
1)(
33.2)95/50()95/99(
)95/50(
:
aLogaLogaLogm
depthdentd
-=
=
sBVID
Results of inspection were statistically processed using a search for maximum plausibility type approach.
The analytical POD function used is the Log Normal cumulative distribution
Supporting tests and analysis and in-service survey
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 13 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
1.1- Damage detectability
85% of collected impact damages (dent) (around 1000 damage records) detected through GVI inspection (A, C check, daily, weekly, etc) are below Airbus established detectability threshold
Airbus BVID(GVI) is consistent with Airline survey findings
Survey in European airlineCumulative curve of dent depth
0,00%
20,00%
40,00%
60,00%
80,00%
100,00%
120,00%
0,00 0,50 1,00 1,50 2,00 2,50 3,00 3,50 4,00 4,50 5,00 5,50 6,00 6,50
Dent depth (mm)
Po
urc
enta
ge
of
dam
ages
wit
h d
ent
less
than
d
Example for GVI inspection
Supporting tests and analysis and in-service survey
Airbus BVID (GVI)
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 14 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
1.1- Damage detectability
The relaxation is the phenomenon that leads to damages that become less detectable over time: a damage being detectable at time of impact, can become undetectable after an interval of inspection due to mechanical, thermal cycling, wet and ambient ageing and temperature.
Material A
0,00
0,10
0,20
0,30
0,40
0,50
0,60
0,70
0,80
0,90
After impact After 20 mn After 48H After WA Beforefatigue
After110cycles
0,6Fr
After fatigue
Event
Den
t dep
th e
volu
tion
(mm
)
18J impact+WA70/95%HR1500h and fatigue (r=10c/c) at 20
18J impact+WA70/95%HR1500h and fatigue (r=10c/c) at -40
18J impact+WA70/95%HR1500h and fatigue (r=-1 t/c)at 20
20J impact+WA70/95%HR1500h and fatigue (r=10c/c) at 20
20J impact+WA70/95%HR1500h and fatigue (r=10c/c) at -4020J impact+WA70/95%HR1500h and fatigue (r=-1 t/c)at 20
23J impact+WA70/95%HR1500h and fatigue (r=10c/c) at 20
23J impact+WA70/95%HR1500h and fatigue (r=10c/c) at -4023J impact+WA70/95%HR1500h and fatigue (r=-1 t/c)at 20
Influent parameters were studied, the wet ageing until saturation covers all environmental and mechanical effects during the aircraft life.For tests, impact inflicted to the structure takes into account the relaxation of the dent under environmental conditions.
Hot/wet ageing
Relaxation behaviour
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 15 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
CONTENT
1. AIRBUS Damage tolerance philosophy1. Damage Detectability2. Impact threat3. Large Damage4. Hail5. Manufacturing defects6. No-growth / Fatigue
2. Test Pyramid3. Analysis4. Key messages
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 16 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
1.2- Impact threat
Impact threat
Impact threat definition
Typical impact threat
Supporting data and analysis
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 17 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
1.2- Impact threat
The impact threat is the mathematical description of impact severities associated to their probability of occurrence. It is supported by extensive survey of in-service incidents.
External partTypical impact threat:
35J 10-5 /FH (static cut-off)90J 10-9 /FH (damage tolerance cut-off)
HTP root/Rear fuselage skin140J 10-5 /FH (static cut-off)
Doorway zones132,5J 10-5 /FH (static cut-off)238,5J 10-9 /FH (damage tolerance cut-off)
Note : for some structures where a low impact threat can be anticipated (eg x >2,7), then the energy associated to a realistic event could be low.
1510)(jEx
jj EEp--
=
fhJEPj /10)30(5-=
fhJEPj /10)90(9-=
with x=3, giving
Impact threat definition
Typical impact threatRef: Effect of low velocity impact damage on primary aircraft structures the certification issue; Aug 1999, J. Rouchon
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 18 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
1.2- Impact threat
4A survey on wing impact damage, covering the whole Airbus types, totalling 18,740,000 flight hours and 9,800,000 flight cycles4A similar survey extended the data to the fuselage, covering A320 family, totalling 1,140,000 flight hours 4A similar survey covering the whole aircraft covering A320 family, totalling 500,000 flight hours4And another source of data was a survey, totalling 10,330,000 flight hours
Extensive survey available from which the current impact threat is derived.
Impact threat parameters have a solid foundation, new in-service data, additional applications (A380 for example) and associated in-service history should lead to future updates with a more complete understanding of damage threats.
Supporting data and analysis
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 19 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
CONTENT
1. AIRBUS Damage tolerance philosophy1. Damage Detectability2. Impact threat3. Large Damage4. Hail5. Manufacturing defects6. No-growth / Fatigue
2. Test Pyramid3. Analysis4. Key messages
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 20 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
1.3- Large Damage
Large Damage Capability, LDC: not realistic damage
Design precautions to protect against the unknown.
Design precautions
4 Fail Safe demonstration on main joint areas: hinged structures, high load introduction (disconnection of one load path)
4 In addition, for each typical technology / design, arbitrary typical damages are assumed for LDC assessment, such as: Stringer disbond analysis for co-bonded technology Missing fasteners at load introduction area Large hole in typical area
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 21 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
CONTENT
1. AIRBUS Damage tolerance philosophy1. Damage Detectability2. Impact threat3. Large Damage4. Hail5. Manufacturing defects6. No-growth / Fatigue
2. Test Pyramid3. Analysis4. Key messages
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 22 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
1.4- Hail
Hailstorms data is based on meteorological survey defining:
4 Size of hailstones : Standard hailstorm, (Dia 10mm) for a P of 50% of hailstorms Rare hailstorm, (Dia 25mm) for a P of 5% of hailstorms Extremely rare hailstorm, (Dia 50mm) for a P of 0.1% of hailstorms.
4 Concentration per unit area: number of hailstones impacting a surface based on the size of the storm.
4 Velocities for the energy of hails impact on ground and flight conditions.
Structure Damage tolerance approach, 2 points are considered:
4 Unloaded Structure, hail on ground for commercial aspect Showers of Dia 10 and 50 mm ( 33m/s; 32 Joules)
4 Loaded structure, hail in flight considered in damage tolerance analysis (Energy, loading, risk analysis) Tests determine the structure behaviour
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 23 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
CONTENT
1. AIRBUS Damage tolerance philosophy1. Damage Detectability2. Impact threat3. Large Damage4. Hail5. Manufacturing defects6. No-growth / Fatigue
2. Test Pyramid3. Analysis4. Key messages
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 24 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
1.5- Manufacturing defects
Allowable manufacturing defects accounted for in the static demonstration
Size and type4 Inherent to manufacturing process4 Established through quality assurance plan4 Quantified for each sizing criteria
Manufacturing defects included in the building block demonstration from coupon to full scale test
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 25 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
CONTENT
1. AIRBUS Damage tolerance philosophy1. Damage Detectability2. Impact threat3. Large Damage4. Hail5. Manufacturing defects6. No-growth / Fatigue
2. Test Pyramid3. Analysis4. Key messages
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 26 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
1.6- No-growth / fatigue
Means of compliance AMC25-6034 6.2.1 Structural details, elements, and subcomponents of critical structural
areas should be tested under repeated loads to define the sensitivity of the structure to damage growth. This testing can form the basis for validating a no-growth approach to the damage tolerance requirements.[]
4 6.2.3 The evaluation should demonstrate that the residual strength of the structure is equal to or greater than the strength required for the specified design loads For the no-growth concept, residual strength testing should be performed after repeated load cycling.
Tests performed for compliance4 No initiation of damages checked defining good design practices4 Critical Non detectable damage/defects under repeated loads
during one DSG4 Critical detectable damage under repeated loads during at least one
interval of inspection4 A residual test after cycling to validate required design loads
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 27 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
CONTENT
1. AIRBUS Damage tolerance philosophy1. Damage Detectability2. Impact threat3. Large Damage4. Hail5. Manufacturing defects6. No-growth / Fatigue
2. Test Pyramid3. Analysis4. Key messages
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 28 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
2- Test Pyramid
Verify analysis methods
Verify FEM predicted stress/strain distribution
Verify predicted failure modes
BUILDING BLOCK APPROACH
COUPONS
DETAILS
ELEMENT
SUBCOMPONENT
COMPONENT
FULL SCALE
Allowable validation against coupon and smaller specimen
At detail level, B values are determined if test results are used in the analysis. (1 or more typical feature per specimen)
Statistical treatment: large and small populations B value
In general 1 typical feature per specimen (hole,lay up, impact damage)
Determine environmental effects (moisture, thermal)
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 29 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
Purpose4 Assess laminate design value (CAI, TAI, ShAI & failure criterion
including environmental conditions)4 hundred of specimens4 Statistical treatment to obtain design values based on MIL-HDBK-17
2- Test Pyramid for Damage tolerance
Coupons & details tests
ShAI specimen after failure
CAI or TAI specimens after impact
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 30 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
2- Test Pyramid for Damage tolerance
Purpose4 Verify strength of critical design details (hole edge impact, top stringer
impact, ply drop off with impact, etc)4 Obtain design values for these critical designs (Statistical treatment
based on small sample law)4 Tenths of specimens
Element tests
Top stringer impacted after compression failure Compression specimen with impact in the
hole radius
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 31 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
2- Test Pyramid for Damage tolerance
Purpose4 Verify design concept4 Validate method
(analytical, complex loading, etc)
4 Validate fatigue behaviour
4 Few specimens
Sub-Component tests
Stiffened panel with stringer edge impact loading with
combined compression/pressure
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 32 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
2- Test Pyramid for Damage tolerance
Component & Full-scale tests Purpose
4 Validate the stress GFEM analysis4 Prove the behaviour of the structure4 Show compliance with Regulations. For instance
Limit load strength without detrimental deformations Ultimate load strength (with BVID damages and allowable manufacturing defects in
critical location) Fatigue and damage tolerance requirements (no generation of new damages and no
growth of damages) with BVID, manufacturing defect, VID and large damage in critical location
4 Validate in-service repair solutions
Example of full scale test
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 33 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
CONTENT
1. AIRBUS Damage tolerance philosophy1. Damage Detectability2. Impact threat3. Large Damage4. Hail5. Manufacturing defects6. No-growth / Fatigue
2. Test Pyramid3. Analysis4. Key messages
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 34 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
3- Analysis
The damage tolerance method4 Dent depth versus impact energy4 Damage size versus impact energy4 Residual strength versus damage size4 Failure criterion
Relies on coupons&detail tests of the test pyramidAnd is enhanced at higher level of the test pyramid
Parameters accounted for4 Material differences4 Laminate thickness4 Lay-up and stacking sequence4 Hot/wet4 Support condition for impact4 Net section for residual4 Scatter (B-value)4 etc
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 35 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
3- Analysis
Dent depth prediction example
( )conditionsboundarythMatEfd .,,,=+ Relationship between Dent depth after relaxation and dent depth just after impact
Qualification test results QI(4mm) AR/RT
0
0,5
1
1,5
2
2,5
3
3,5
4
4,5
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Energy (J)
Den
t de
pth
afte
r im
pact
(m
m)
prediction material 1
Test points Material 1
prediction material 2
Test points Material 2
Material 2: thickness effect
0
0,5
1
1,5
2
2,5
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Impact energy (J)
dent
dep
th a
fter
impa
ct (
mm
)
test points 4mmprediction 4mmtest point 4,5mmprediction 4,5mmtest points 5mmprediction 5mm
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 36 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
3- Analysis
Delaminated area prediction example
( )uplayconditionsboundarythMatEfSd -= ,.,,,Qualification test results QI(4mm) AR/RT
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Energy (J)
Del
amin
ated
are
a (m
m)
prediction material 1
Test points Material 1
prediction material 2Test points Material 2
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 37 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
3- Analysis
Compression after impact prediction example
( )uplayngconditionithMatSdfEpsCAI -= ,,,, Test results AR/RT
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
Delaminated area (mm)
Lo
ss o
f st
rain
in c
om
pre
ssio
n
Material 1 prediction QI 4mm thick
Material 1 Test points QI 4mm thick
Material 2 prediction oriented lay-up 8mm thick
Material 2 Test points oriented lay-up 8mm thick
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 38 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
CONTENT
1. AIRBUS Damage tolerance philosophy1. Damage Detectability2. Impact threat3. Large Damage4. Hail5. Manufacturing defects6. No-growth / Fatigue
2. Test Pyramid3. Analysis4. Key messages
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 39 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
4- Key messages
Airbus Damage tolerance methodology relies on
Mature design practices Extensive tests to support analysis Robust impact survey based on in-service experience
Airlines cooperation, by rigorous inspections reporting , enables Airbus to design more durable and damage tolerant Composite Structures
Impact threat understanding Detectability assessment
-
July 2006Damage Tolerance Methodology - ESAC - Ref. X029PR0608046 - Issue 1 Page 40 A
IRB
US
S.A
.S. A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
. Con
fiden
tial a
nd p
ropr
ieta
ry d
ocum
ent.
AIRBUS S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
This document and all information contained herein is the sole property of AIRBUS S.A.S.. No intellectual property rights are granted by the delivery of this document or the disclosure of its content. This document shall not be reproduced or disclosed to a third party without the express written consent of AIRBUS S.A.S. This document and its content shall not be used for any purpose other than that for which it is supplied.
The statements made herein do not constitute an offer. They are based on the mentioned assumptions and are expressed in good faith. Where the supporting grounds for these statements are not shown, AIRBUS S.A.S. will be pleased to explain the basis thereof.
AIRBUS, its logo, A300, A310, A318, A319, A320, A321, A330, A340, A350, A380, A400M are registered trademarks.