Aim: How do pathogens infect plants and animals? 5.2b Viruses, bacteria, fungi and other parasites...
-
Upload
kaitlyn-reed -
Category
Documents
-
view
218 -
download
1
Transcript of Aim: How do pathogens infect plants and animals? 5.2b Viruses, bacteria, fungi and other parasites...
![Page 1: Aim: How do pathogens infect plants and animals? 5.2b Viruses, bacteria, fungi and other parasites may infect plants and animals and interfere with normal.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b54f2550346d41a8b61dd/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Aim: How do pathogens infect plants and animals?
5.2b Viruses, bacteria, fungi and other parasites may infect plants and animals and interfere with normal life functions.
HW#20
Text read pages 473,477 to 481
read pages 482 – 487
Answer ques. 1 – 16 page 491
![Page 2: Aim: How do pathogens infect plants and animals? 5.2b Viruses, bacteria, fungi and other parasites may infect plants and animals and interfere with normal.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b54f2550346d41a8b61dd/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Bacteria are found everywhere…
• Microbiologists broadly classify bacteria according to their shape: spherical, rod-shaped, and spiral-shaped.
• Cocci• Bacilli• Spirilla
![Page 3: Aim: How do pathogens infect plants and animals? 5.2b Viruses, bacteria, fungi and other parasites may infect plants and animals and interfere with normal.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b54f2550346d41a8b61dd/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Beneficial bacteria are found in living things..
![Page 4: Aim: How do pathogens infect plants and animals? 5.2b Viruses, bacteria, fungi and other parasites may infect plants and animals and interfere with normal.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b54f2550346d41a8b61dd/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Beneficial Intestinal Bacteria
Some benefits of PROBIOTICS•augments the immune system •alleviates anxiety •prevents arterial disease, lowering cholesterol •prevents and controls diarrhea •inhibits food pathogens and enhances food preservation •inhibits tumors and carcinogenesis •fights fungal/yeast/candida infections •promotes/aids liver function and detoxification •produces natural antibiotic-like agents that fight and
prevent bacterial infections •prevents osteoporosis and promotes longevity
![Page 5: Aim: How do pathogens infect plants and animals? 5.2b Viruses, bacteria, fungi and other parasites may infect plants and animals and interfere with normal.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b54f2550346d41a8b61dd/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Beneficial bacteria are found in soil..
![Page 6: Aim: How do pathogens infect plants and animals? 5.2b Viruses, bacteria, fungi and other parasites may infect plants and animals and interfere with normal.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b54f2550346d41a8b61dd/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Beneficial bacteria are used to make food.
Yogurt Cheese
Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus
![Page 7: Aim: How do pathogens infect plants and animals? 5.2b Viruses, bacteria, fungi and other parasites may infect plants and animals and interfere with normal.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b54f2550346d41a8b61dd/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Tooth decay
Lyme disease
Tetanus
Tuberculosis
Salmonella food
poisoning
Pneumonia
Cholera
Streptococcus mutans
Borrelia burgdorferi
Clostridium tetani
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Salmonella enteritidis
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Vibrio cholerae
Regular dental hygiene
Protection from tick bites
Current tetanus vaccination
Vaccination
Proper food-handling
Maintaining good health
Clean water supplies
Disease Pathogen Prevention
Section 19-2
Common Diseases Caused by Bacteria
Go to Section:
Disease causing Bacteria
![Page 8: Aim: How do pathogens infect plants and animals? 5.2b Viruses, bacteria, fungi and other parasites may infect plants and animals and interfere with normal.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b54f2550346d41a8b61dd/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Bacteria can be controlled by antibiotics
• Antibiotics, also known as antimicrobial drugs, are drugs that fight infections caused by bacteria. After their discovery in the 1940's they transformed medical care and dramatically reduced illness and death from infectious diseases. However, over the decades the bacteria that antibiotics control have developed resistance to these drugs. Today, virtually all important bacterial infections in the United States and throughout the world are becoming resistant. For this reason, antibiotic resistance is among CDC's top concerns.
![Page 9: Aim: How do pathogens infect plants and animals? 5.2b Viruses, bacteria, fungi and other parasites may infect plants and animals and interfere with normal.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b54f2550346d41a8b61dd/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Differences between viruses and bacteria
Virus• 0.01 to 0.3 micron
• envelope called a protein coat and a core of genetic material, either DNA or RNA
• invade other cells and hijack their cellular machinery to reproduce
Bacteria•0.3 to 2.0 micron
•rigid cell wall and a thin, rubbery cell membrane surrounding the fluid, or cytoplasm (organelles)
•reproduce themselves
![Page 10: Aim: How do pathogens infect plants and animals? 5.2b Viruses, bacteria, fungi and other parasites may infect plants and animals and interfere with normal.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b54f2550346d41a8b61dd/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
What is a virus and are they living or non-living?
• Ebola Virus • Chicken Pox Virus
![Page 11: Aim: How do pathogens infect plants and animals? 5.2b Viruses, bacteria, fungi and other parasites may infect plants and animals and interfere with normal.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b54f2550346d41a8b61dd/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
T4 BacteriophageTobacco Mosaic
Virus Influenza Virus
Head
Tail sheath
DNA
Tail fiber
RNACapsid
Surfaceproteins Membrane
envelope
RNA
Capsidproteins
Section 19-3
Figure 19-13 Virus Structures
Go to Section:
Viruses come in a variety of sizes and shapes. It is composed of a core of DNA or RNA, surrounded by a
protein coat.
![Page 12: Aim: How do pathogens infect plants and animals? 5.2b Viruses, bacteria, fungi and other parasites may infect plants and animals and interfere with normal.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b54f2550346d41a8b61dd/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
HIV Virus
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
![Page 13: Aim: How do pathogens infect plants and animals? 5.2b Viruses, bacteria, fungi and other parasites may infect plants and animals and interfere with normal.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b54f2550346d41a8b61dd/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 15: Aim: How do pathogens infect plants and animals? 5.2b Viruses, bacteria, fungi and other parasites may infect plants and animals and interfere with normal.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b54f2550346d41a8b61dd/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Bacteriophage enzyme lyses the bacterium’s cell wall, releasing new bacteriophage particles that can attack other cells.
Bacteriophage proteins and nucleic acids assemble into complete bacteriophage particles
Bacteriophage takes over bacterium’s metabolism, causing synthesis of new bacteriophage proteins and nucleic acids
Bacteriophage injects DNA into bacterium
Bacteriophage attaches to bacterium’s cell wall
Bacteriophage
DNA
protein
Bacteriophage protein coat
Bacteriophage DNA
Bacterialchromosome
Lytic Cycle of a Virus
Section 19-3
Figure 19-14 The Lytic Cycle
Go to Section:
![Page 16: Aim: How do pathogens infect plants and animals? 5.2b Viruses, bacteria, fungi and other parasites may infect plants and animals and interfere with normal.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551b54f2550346d41a8b61dd/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Fill in the Life Cycle of a Virus