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Transcript of African dairy conference
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African Dairy Conference
Alain RéocreuxMember of the National Masitis council
Member of the American Dairy Sciences AssociationInternational Development Manager Olmix
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• FEED & FOOD SECURITY
• FEED & FOOD SAFETY
• GI - GO
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Simples applications of
Nanotechnologyin
dairy production• Alain Réocreux
African International Poultry Summit France
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3 Products fromNanotechnology
• Mistral : Management tool « World Award »
• M TX+ : mycotoxines
•M Feed : Alternative aux Antibiotiques
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How to increase milk productionat the farm level.
In quantity and in quality
to supply the processing plant with a better raw material
• What farmers can do ?
• What the milk plant can do ?
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Milk bacteriologic quality improvment
at the farm level
Good Farm Management Practices
More milk sold
Better milk quality
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From CALF to COW
• The calf is the dairy cow of tomorrow
• Cow’s life is very dependant on calf rearing
7
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From CALF to COW Calving pen :many problem can start there
- umbilical cord
- metritis
- mastitis
8
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Calf rearing Calf diarrhoea
- 10% cases pathogens
- 90% cases management
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Calf rearing
FEEDING :
MUST BECOME A RUMINANT
Hay or Straw
Concentrate
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To HELP the calf to digest better
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From CALF to COW
Feed efficiency better in young age
help calf to digest
in younger age
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Calf rearing
FEEDING :
MUST BECOME A RUMINANT
Concentrate
WE MUST HELP CALF TO DIGEST
THIS TOP QUALITY CONCENTRATE
- Fiber : boost rumen development
- help protein , starch ….to break down into Amino
acids, sugar…
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Calf rearing
FEEDING :
Rumen development
- rumen FLORA
- Mycotoxins have a very negative effectson protozoa and bacteria flora
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Calf rearing
FEEDING :
GUT development
- Mycotoxins such as DON, Aflatoxines , Fumonisins
- damage the gut epithelial
- building and damaging are not good friends
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Somatic Cells Count at
the farm level
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Mastitis : the most costly disease for a dairy farmer。
Losses due to Mastitis
150 – 300 $/cow/year
Drug traitement
labor costs
Discarded Milk ( not sold)
Reduced milk production
Premature culling
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Loss Milk production
1997’trial with 1 200 herds :
Somatic cell count: between 400 000 and 200 000
somatic cell count.
1 000 kg/cow/year。
3 L/day during lactation。
nearly 1 $ / day/ cow 。
Loss of milk production:
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Lactating cows
• Good feeding (balance + hygiene of the feed)
• Good milking practices
• Good bedding management to reduce risk of mastitis and SOMATIC CELLS
– Between milking period 80% of the risk ( environental mastitis )
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Sources of infection
• Two types of Mastitis:
Pathogenic mastitis:
Environmental mastitis:
Daily
1 Hour
Daily12 Hours
20%
80%
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Good Bedding Management 1/5
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Good Bedding Management 2/5
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Good Bedding Management 3/5
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Reduction of bacteria
on the floor
Faculty of Veterinary Sciences of Bangkok Thaïllande(Chulalongkorn University )
Dr. Vivat Chavananikul
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First step : remove dungs
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Drying is better than washing
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We can not reduce temperature ( udder)
Farm management : the solution
to limit the organic materials in bedding, and also,
to get rid of the moisture in the bedding。
Organic M
Moisture
Temperature
When one of those three elements is
missing bacterial growth is reduced!
Bacteria to grow require:
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Good Bedding Management 4/5
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Good Bedding Management
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Somatic Cells detected
at the farm
•1 – 2 – 3 TEST
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Somatic Cells detected
at the farm
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Somatic Cells Count and
Milk Porcessing industry
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Effects of Somatic Cells on milk collected and processed
• At the processing plant
• At the store
• For the consummer
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Effect of Somatic Cells on yoghurt
• SCC negative effects
– Lower industrial
yield
– Reduced shelf life
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Effects of Somatic Cells
• IMPORTANCE OF THE MILK QUALITY RECEIVED AT THE PROCESSING PLANT
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Effect of Somatic Cells onmilk processed
• Prevention of mastitis
• Reduction of somatic cells
• are the KEYS for HIGH MILK QUALITY products
• This takes place at the farm level
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Effects of Somatic Cells
• Protein breakdown takes place in the udder of the cow beforemilking
• Extensive dammage to milk casein is already done in the udder prior milking if the cow has a somatic cell over 300 000
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Effect of Somatic Cells on milk collected
• Pathogens responsible of somatic cells and mastitis enter in the udder via the teat canal
– When the cow lies down ( + 12 hours/day )
– During milkings
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Effect of Somatic Cells on milk collected
• Importance of hygiene
– During milking
–Between milkings ( control of the bedding surrounding the udder and bacteria pressure at the teat end)
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TAKE HOME
MESSAGES
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Milk quality : 1 calving / cow / year • Good feeding ( balance + hygiene of the feed)
• Good milking practices
• Good bedding management to reduce risk of mastitis and SOMATIC CELLS
• Good HEAT DETECTION :
–Silent heat
–False heat
–Short cycle
–Long cycle
–Abortion
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Main mycotoxines in US (9 yrs)
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Straws : mycotoxin RISK
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Why Zearalonone is phyto-oestrogenic
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15 months Scientific trials on 7 farms
in France operated by a major AI center
7 farms
596 cows
15 months
Identical groups
« 7 farms without problems of mycotoxins »
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Emmanuel Pruvost, Bangkok, 31st October 2009
4: Results
1 cocktail in 100% of the analysis
Individually:contaminations always < to the EU recommendations for ruminants
Coherent values with other studies (Driehuis and Giffei, 2005)
Trial conditions :
Contamination from the ration to the trough (mg/kg of MS)
« a cocktail of mycotoxins in every rations to trough »
0,0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1,0
1,2
14,3% 54,8% 57,1% 100,0% 83,3% 100,0% 66,7% 38,1%
HT-2 TOXIN 15 ACETOXYSCIRPENOL NIVALENOL DON 15-O-ACETYL-DEOXYNIVALENOL ZEARALENONE FUMONISINE B1 FUMONISINE B2
Mycotoxin and frequence of detection per analysis
Averag
e c
on
tam
inatio
n o
f t
he r
atio
n
(m
g/k
g D
M)
farm n°1 farm n°2 farm n°3 farm n°4 farm n°5 farm n°6 farm n°7
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Results 35 gr MTX+ / cow/ day
Reproduction : significant reduction of silent heat
« + visible heats »0
20
40
60
80
100
120
medium visible
Mmi group
Control group
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Seaweeds : a natural & safe ingredient
Amadeite™, the origins to his industrial applicationsAmadeite® , combining Clay + seaweeds extracts
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Opening of the interlayer spaces allowing
the entrance of the big size mycotoxins in the structure and
their binding by adsorption..
AMADEITE ACTS IN THE GUT TO AVOID TOXINS TO ENTER IN BlOODSTREAM
NO YES 2005 european research , patented
A wide spectrum of adsorption
Amadeite® works LIKE A FILTER + MAGNET
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Yeast cell walls Diatomaceous earthMontmorillonite
+ +
=
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Spectrum of Activity
AFLATOXINS
OCHRATOXINS
ZON
DON
FUMONISIN
T-2
CLAYS
YEAST CELL WALL
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Cyclicity of cows
10%
12%
14%
16%
18%
20%
22%
returns < 19
days
returns > 25
days not
multiple of 2
cycles
returns multiple
of 2 cycles
% o
f ret
orn
s
Mmi group, o of returns:
173
Control group, no of
returns: 183
Reproduction: « - false heats and cycles + regular »
ns: (P= 12%)
ns: (P= 12%)
ns: (P= 35%)
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28/09/2015 57
Results 35 gr MTX+ / cow/ day Reproduction:
« For every AI, the success is improved »
% de réussite des IA
34.5%
42.6%
40.5%
38.1%
31.8%
40.0%
31.1%
34.3%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
% réussite 1ère IA % réussite 2ème IA % réussite 3ème IA % réussite toutes IA
% d
e ré
uss
ite
par
lo
t et
par
n°
d'IA
lot testé
lot témoin
596 toutes IA296 IAP 188 IA2 109 IA3
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Reproduction:
« Metritis less frequent »
Métrites observed by farmers
12%
19%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
% o
f D
C a
ffe
cte
d b
y t
his
pa
tho
log
y
MMi group
lot témoin
138 VL
en
lactatio
141 VL
en
lactatio
Results 35 gr MTX+ / cow/ day
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Results 35 gr MTX+ / cow/ day Milk production:
Standard milk (kg/day for 38 of TB and 32 of TP)
« 1 variable effect depending on ranges »
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More Milk , SAFER Milk
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M TX+ : MYCOTOXINES
New Generation Nanotechnology
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Easy application at the farm or added at the feedmill( (smaller farmers ) ( higher price,limiting access to villages)
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Top Dressing at the farm
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Somatic Cells in milk andHuman Health
• Possible connections between SCC in bovine milk and human health
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IN CONCLUSION
Mycotoxins under control
Economic losses
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Also applicable in poultry
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Mtx+ Proven efficiency
67
Experimental design 2,400 Red-Tilapia
Allocated in 2 treatments:
1control group: Commercial Feed
1 Mtx+ group: Commercial Feed+ 0,1% Mtx+
3 replicates/ treatment.
During 2 months (18/08/11 to 17/10/11)
Data monitoring Water parameter
Daily mortality
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Pathogens are smarter than we think
Antibiotic Year of market introduction Apparition of first resistances
Sulfamids 1936 1940
Penicilline G 1943 1946
Streptomycine 1943 1959
Chloramphenicol 1947 1959
Tetracycline 1948 1953
Erythromycine 1952 1988
Ampicilline 1961 1973
Ciprofloxacine[5] 1987 2006
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Failure to tackle drug-resistant infections
• lead to at least 10 million extra deaths / year
• cost the global economy up to $100tn by 2050,
• according the Jim O’neill, chairman of the review into antimicrobial resistance (AMR) appointed by the U.K. government.
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Failure to tackle drug-resistant infections
Ladies and Gentlemen
• We have the knowledge ( researches , computers, mobiles= easy access)
• We have the responsabolity to advise farmers whosometimes have not had the chance to get access to education as we did .
• Our RESPONSABILITY IS ENGAGED
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Thank you for your attention