AESO Considerations and Experiences with Development … · AESO Considerations and Experiences...

AESO Considerations and Experiences with Development of Wind Facility InterconnectionJohn H. Kehler, Senior Technical Specialist

BC Focused Wind Workshop

January 25-26, 2005

Supporting the Future Role of Wind Power

Topics

• Background on Alberta and AESO

• Considerations for Wind Interconnection• Existing and Future Development

• Modeling and representation of wind facilities

• Technical requirement development for Reliability and System Operations

• Standard Development and Continued Work

• Experiences• Voltage Regulation, Power Quality, Operations


Background – AlbertaExisting Generation Capacity

Interconnections:British Columbia 200 – 750Saskatchewan 75 – 150

Generating Capacity (MW)

Coal 5,999

Gas 4,738

Hydro 917

Wind 279

Biomass 153

Fuel Oil 8

Total 12,094

50%39%

1%2%8%


Electric Utilities Act

Minister of EnergyAppoints Board members , MSA & EUB Chair

MarketSurveillance Administrator

(MSA)

BalancingPool

Wholesale Energy Market

Transmission

Alberta Electric System Operator

Real-timeAlberta Electric System

Operator

Alberta Energy& Utilities

Board (EUB)Regulates AESO’s

Transmission businessLoad

Settlement

Industry Structure (June 2003)

DFO’s

TFO’s


Concerns with Integration of Wind Power

• Wind Power Industry concerns

• Voltage Behavior• Low voltage tripping

• Voltage Regulation

• Operations impact as a result of wind power variability

• Previous AESO standard inadequate for wind development• No requirements for low voltage ride through capability

• No ability to manage power from facility


Southwest AlbertaExisting wind generation 279 MW

Proposed wind generation 560 MW

D ryw ood41 5S

Y arrow99 5S

G len w ood22 9S

S pringC o u lee38 5S

M agra th22 5S

T ay lo r C hu te13 M W

R ive rb end61 8S

Le thb ridge 674S

F t. M acle od15 S

P e igan59 S

E . S ta ve ly92 8 S

S ta ve ly34 9S

T o Ja net74 S

R a ym ond21 M W

S tir lin g67 S

T em pe st40 3 S

T o M iloJunc tion

C o lem an79 9S

Lu ndbreck51 3S

T o N a ta lB -1S

11 1S

S he ll W ate rton37 9S

S he ll W a te rton50 2S

W a rner34 4S

C a stleR ive r23 9S

40 M W

C o w ley R idge32 2S

41 M W

O ldm an H ydro32 M W

P inch erC reek39 6S

N

53Ft. M ac le od

55G lenw o o d

La kev iew59 3S

14 6S

24 1S

C h in C hu te11 M W

C o a lda le25 4S

T o B la ck ie25 3S

N . Le thb rid ge37 0S17 2L

72 5L

17 0L

164L

185L

22 5L

66L

863L

1 4 6L/162L

17 0L

911L

180L

8 2 4L

M cB ride L ake75 M W

T oC ranbrook

T oLa ngdo n

10 2S

78 6L

S um m erv iew13 1 M W (T o ta l)

17 0L

22 5L

M acLeodF la ts

60 M W

S oderg len71 M W

K ettles H ill63 M W

W a te rto n30 0 M W

T ay lor3 .4 M W

IrricanH ydro7 M W

M agra th30 M W

M onarch492S

1201

L

1 9 7L

92 4L 92 3L

725A

L

820L

1 7 2LT o T abe r

25 4S

2 40 kV

1 38 kV

6 9 kV

500 kV

F u tu reP lan ts

H ydro

E x is tin g

W in dP ro po sed L in e

P lan n ed C us tom er In te rco nne c tion


Southeast Alberta

W are Junction132S

Duchess339S

Cutting Lake227S

Brooks121S

Tilley498S

Fincastle336S

Conrad135S

Taber83S

Coaldale254S

Hays421S

Vauxhall158S

Enchant447S

W . Brooks28S

To Anderson801S

To Langdon102S

To Queens Town504S

Jenner275S

N

763AL

795L76

3L

821L

100L

827L814L

172L

924L

923L

935L

923L

172A

L 722L

Chin Chute IPP11MW

Vauxhall

Empress

Brooks

172L

Lethbridge

951L

944L

760L

Suffield895S

MedicineHat

W ardlow223S

PurpleSprings80MW

853L

Bassano431S

ToMagrath

225S

Riverbend618S

Lethbridge 674S

To Ft. Macleod 15S

To Peigan59S

ToStirling

67S

111S

Lakeview593S

146S

241S

Monarch492S

N. Lethbridge370S

172L

725L

66L

863L

824L

725A

L

Tempest403S

To Peigan 59S

240 kV

138 kV

138 kV - New

Capacitor banks

Thermal Plant

820L

Future W ind Farm

945L

To Oyen767S

760AL

871L

869L760L

830L

McNeillConvertor

Station 840S

Sask PowerInterconnection

9LS1M

Empress Liquids164S

Sandy Point204S

Empress394S

Sand Hills341S

7L76

0/76

0L

AmocoEmpress

163S

Burdett368S

W estfield107S

Medicine Hat41S

To City ofMedicine

Hat

Chappice L.649S

Bullshead523S

100L

172L

Peace Butte404S

SevenPersons120MW

207L734L

813L

823L

Proposed wind generation 200 MW


Summary of AESO actions to address concerns

• New Standard• Voltage Ride Through and Voltage Regulation

requirements

• TFO must have ability to trip wind farm facility, in emergencies.

• Small wind farms exempt from certain requirements.

• Further Studies and Consultation• Initiated wind power variability study with support

provided by wind developers.

• Continue to consult with industry in the development of wind power technical requirements.


Intent of the Wind Power Facility Standard

• Treat wind farms similar to other generators, while recognizing differences in technologies.

• Interconnection requirements are not intended to exclude particular wind power technologies.

• Standards contribute to maintaining AIES reliability.

• New standards are not intended to be applied retroactively.

• Technical standards to be consistent with North American practices, under similar circumstances, and evolving standards.

• Stakeholder consultation throughout the initiative.

Considerations for Wind Interconnections

Existing and Future Development


Forecast Wind Capacity as a Percentage of Total Alberta Generation

Alberta Calif. PJM NewYork

ERCOT0%

8%

4%

2006

2004


Modeling and Representation of Wind Facilities


Dynamic Models

NEW MODEL OLD MODEL

15%

• Accurate models are required for dynamic studies

• LVRT at 15% did not mitigate multiple wind facility trips with the original model used in the studies.


Wind Facility Modeling Standard Development

WTGs < 690v 25 - 35 kV

External VoltageRegulation /

Reactive PowerSystem

TransmissionVoltage

WIND POWER FACILITY REPRESENTATION


Wind Facility ModelingActual Facilities

• Depending on the nature of the study the AESO may use;• single turbine representation

• Example: Network studies

• full detailed representation • Example: Dynamic simulation for testing and

validation


Technical Requirement Development for Reliability and System Operations


• AESO Voltage Ride Through standard is to;• mitigate multiple wind facility tripping identified in studies,

• satisfy operating requirements, and

• specified at the transmission voltage of the wind facility.

• temporary consideration until Jan.1 2006.


• AESO Voltage Regulation standard is to;• accommodate unique differences and advanced technology for

wind facilities.

• provide options to satisfy voltage and reactive power requirements.

• Installation at transmission voltage levels or within wind facility.

• Static, dynamic and overload capabilities.

• Facilities must be capable of voltage set-point adjustment of +/-5% from rated.


• AESO Power Management standard;• Operational requirements of wind facilities will be determined

following the ‘variability study’.

• Power management is optional at this time and will be assessed after the ‘variability study’.

• Permits ‘self-control’ of Wind facilities.

• Ability to start, stop and change load without operator intervention.

• Coarse Control

• ‘Remote trip only’ of a wind facility by a TFO during emergencies.


• Wind Facility Monitoring• Normal SCADA requirements

plus wind speed and wind direction.

• Dynamic system monitoring equipment to record wind facility voltage, reactive power and real-power behavior to system disturbances

• Testing and Validation• Voltage Regulation and

Reactive Power capability

Experiences

Voltage Regulation, Power Quality, Operations


Voltage Regulation• The AESO requires testing and validation of the automatic

voltage regulation controls.

• A Phasor Measurement Unit monitors the collector feeders into the low side of the system step-up transformer.

• Validation is performed with GE PSLF or PTI PSS/E.


Voltage Quality

Alberta Voltage Flicker Curve

Wind facility measurement well within compliance.

Wind facility measurement


Total Wind Power – During December 2004

Alberta Total Wind (Dec 2004)

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

Time - 1 Day Per Division

MW


Deviation in % of CapacityDec 2004

VARIABILITY- 10 MIN AVERAGES

00.20.40.60.8

1


00.20.40.60.8

1


00.20.40.60.8

1

VARIABILITY- 60MIN AVERAGES

00.20.40.60.8

1

10 MINUTE 30 MINUTE

20 MINUTE 60 MINUTE

Where 1 = 100%


Questions ?

Web Site: www.aeso.ca

John Kehler, 403-539-2622,

[email protected]

http://www.aeso.ca/

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