Adolescence: Sturm und Drang ?
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Adolescence: Sturm und Drang?
What is “adolescence”?• Broadly speaking, it refers to the period between the onset of puberty & adult independence – it’s
getting longer
• Is it a time of “storm & stress”? The work of Margaret Mead &
others suggests otherwise
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AdolescencePhysical Changes• Growth spurts (around 10 in females, 12 in males)
• Pubescence & Puberty Pubescence: secondary sex
characteristics Puberty: primary sex
characteristics (menarche in women)
Pace can have positive or negative effects on self-imageo “Early” males adapt besto “Early” females or “late”
males may struggle
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Cognitive Changes• Piaget: Formal Operations
• David Elkind “Imaginary Audience” “Personal Fable”
• G. Stanley Hall (“storm & stress”) v. Margaret Mead (easy)
Adolescence
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Adolescence Critical Element: Identity• James Marcia & the “Identity Crisis” – Crisis & Commitment
Identity Achievement Identity Foreclosure Identity Moratorium Identity DiffusionCommitment No
Commitment
Crisis Achievement Moratorium
No Crisis
Foreclosure Diffusion
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AdulthoodRemember Erickson!• Intimacy vs. Isolation (young adulthood)
• Generativity vs. Self-Absorption (or Stagnation)
The mid-life crisis?
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Parenting / Child-Rearing Style
Authoritarian• Impose rules• Expect complete obedience• “Because I said so”
Authoritative• Demanding but
responsive• Rules w/ reasons
Permissive• Few demands made• Child’s “friend”
Rejecting/Neglecting• Disengaged, little effort• Expect little, invest little
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Myths of Old Age
Intelligence declines with age
Senility is inevitable as one ages
Most old people are isolated, withdrawn, or
lonesome
Old people are not active
It only gets worse
Use it or lose it
Sound body = sound mind
You can’t teach an old dogs new tricks
Older people are less productive than young
peopleStress is more prevalent among the elderly than
other age groups
Old people receive better health care
People become more rigid & inflexible as
they age
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The 5 Stages of Dying/Grief
1.Denial2.Anger3.Bargaining4.Depression5.Acceptance