Acupuncture - TCSGOrganization Approach to Promoting Smoking Cessation Among African Americans."...

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Cost Effectiveness of CessationBarendregt, J.J., L. Bonneux, and P.J. van der Maas. "The Health Care Costs of Smoking." TheNew England Journal of Medicine (1997) 337:1052-1057.

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Cheung, A.M. and J. Tsevat. "Economic Evaluations of Smoking Interventions." PreventiveMedicine (1997) 26:271-273.

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Warner, K.E. "Cost Effectiveness of Smoking-Cessation Therapies. Interpretation of theEvidence and Implications for Coverage." Pharmacoeconomics (1997) 11:538-549.

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Warner, K.E. "The Economics of Tobacco: Myths and Realities." Tobacco Control (2000)9:78-89.

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ElderlyBoyd, N.R. "Smoking Cessation: A Four-Step Plan to Help Older Patients Quit." Geriatrics(1996) 51:52-7, quiz 58.

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Rimer, B. K., et. al “The Older Smoker: Status, Challenges and Opportunities for Intervention.”Chest (1990) 97:547-553.

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Taira, D.A., et. al. “The Relationship Between Patient Income and Physician Discussion ofHealth Risk Behaviors.” JAMA (1997) 278:1412-1417.

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General Information & Overview of Cessation ApproachesCalverley, P.M. "Overview of Current Therapies." Novartis Found Symp (2001) 24:27-34.

Dale, L.C., J.O. Ebbert, J.T. Hays, and R.D. Hurt. "Treatment of Nicotine Dependence." MayoClinic Proceedings (2000) 75:1311-1316.

Glasgow, R.E. and C.T. Orleans. "Adherence to Smoking Cessation Regimes." Handbook ofHealth Behavior Research II: Provider Determinants. Gochman, D.S., ed. New York,NY:Plenum Press, 353-377.

Hays, J.T., L.C. Dale, R.D. Hurt, and I.T. Croghan. "Trends in Smoking-Related Diseases: WhySmoking Cessation is Still the Best Medicine." Postgraduate Medicine (1998) 104:56-71.

Jorenby, D.E. "New Developments in Approaches to Smoking Cessation." Current Opinion inPulmonary Medicine (1998) 4:103-106.

Lando, H.A. "Smoking Cessation Products and Programs." Alaska Medicine (1996) 38(2):65-68.

"The Management of Nicotine Addiction." Nicotine Addiction in Britain: A Report of theTobacco Advisory Group of the Royal College of Physicians. London: Royal College of thePhysicians of London, 2000. www.rpclondn.ac.uk/pubs/books/nicotine/7-management.htm

Richards, J.W. Jr. "Smoking Cessation: Still Looking for a Miracle." American FamilyPhysician (2001) 63:626-630.

“Succeeding with Tobacco Cessation takes Perseverance and Innovation.” Med Manag Netw(1999) 7:8-10.

Zhu, S., T. Melcer, J. Sun, B. Rosbrook, and J.P. Pierce. “Smoking Cessation With and WithoutAssistance: A Population-Based Analysis.” American Journal of Preventive Medicine (2000)18(4):305-311.

Health, Smoking & CessationAssali, A.R., Y. Beigel, R. Schreibman, Z. Shafer, and M. Fainaru. "Weight Gain and InsulinResistance During Nicotine Replacement Therapy." Clinical Cardiology (1999) 22:357-360.

Ayanian, J.Z., and P.D. Cleary. "Perceived Risks of Heart Disease and Cancer Among CigaretteSmokers." JAMA (1999) 281:1019-1021.

Benowitz, N.L. and Gourlay S.G. “Cardiovascular Toxicity of Nicotine: Implications forNicotine Replacement Therapy.” Journal of the American College of Cardiology. (1997)29:1422-1431.

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Bock, B. C., et. al. “Physician Intervention and Patient Risk Perception Among Smokers withAcute Respiratory Illness in the Emergency Department.” Preventive Medicine (2001) 32:175-181.

Bock, B.C., B. Becker, R. Niaura, and R. Partridge. "Smoking Among Emergency Chest PainPatients: Motivation to Quit, Risk Perception and Physician Intervention." Nicotine & TobaccoResearch (2000) 2:93-96.

Burns, D.M., “Cigarette Smoking Among the Elderly: Disease Consequences and the Benefits ofCessation.” American Journal of Health Promotion (2000) 14:357-361.

Christen, W.G., et. al. “Smoking Cessation and Risk of Age-Related Cataract in Men.” JAMA(2000) 284:713-716.

Cosnes, J., L. Beaugerie, F. Carbonnel, and J. Gendre. “Smoking Cessation and the Course ofCrohn’s Disease: An Intervention Study.” Gastroenterology (2001) 120:1093-1099.

Dale, L.C., et. al. “Weight Change After Smoking Cessation Using Variable Doses ofTransdermal Nicotine Replacement.” Journal of General Internal Medicine (1998) 13(1):9-15.

Doherty, K., F.S. Militello, T. Kinnunen, and A.J. Garvey. “Nicotine Gum Dose and WeightGain After Smoking Cessation.” Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology (1996) 64:799-807.

Goldstein, M.G. and R. Niaura. "Methods to Enhance Smoking Cessation after MyocardialInfarction." Medical Clinics of North America (2000) 84:63-80, viii.

Foland, S.S. "Smoking Cessation Interventions for Patients with Heart Disease." TobaccoControl (2000) 9:i59.

Hasdai, D. "Predictors of Smoking Cessation After Percutaneous Coronary Revascularization."Mayo Clinic Proceedings (1998) 73(3):205-209.

Hays, J.T., L.C. Dale, R.D. Hurt, and I.T. Croghan. "Trends in Smoking-Related Diseases: WhySmoking Cessation is Still the Best Medicine." Postgraduate Medicine (1998) 104:56-71.

Hill, A.L., D.J. Roe, D.L. Taren, M.M. Muramoto, and S.J. Leischow. "Efficacy of TransdermalNicotine in Reducing Post-Cessation Weight Gain in a Hispanic Sample." Nicotine & TobaccoResearch (2000) 2:247-253.

Huijbrechts, I., et al. "Modification of Smoking Habits Five Months after Myocardial Infarction:Relationship with Personality Characteristics." Journal of Psychosomatic Research (1996)40:369-378.

Jeffery, R.W., D.J. Hennrikus, H.A. Land, D.M. Murray, and J.W. Liu. "Reconciling ConflictingFindings Regarding Postcessation Weight Concerns and Success in Smoking Cessation." HealthPsychology (2000) 19:242-246.

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Jemal, A., K.C. Chu, and R.E. Tarone. "Recent Trends in Lung Cancer Mortality in the UnitedStates." Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2001) 93:277-283.

Jimenez-Ruiz, C.A., et al. "Smoking Characteristics: Differences in Attitudes and DependenceBetween Healthy Smokers and Smokers with COPD." Chest (2001) 119:1365-1370.

Jorenby, D.E, et. al. “Characterization of Tobacco Withdrawal Symptoms: TransdermalNicotine Reduces Hunger and Weight Gain.” Psychopharmacology (1996) 128:130-138.

Joseph, A.M., et. al. “The Safety of Transdermal Nicotine as an Aid to Smoking Cessation inPatients with Cardiac Disease.” New England Journal of Medicine (1996) 33:1792-1798.

Kamimoto, L.A., A.N. Easton, E. Maurice, C.G. Husten, and C.A. Macera. “Surveillance forFive Health Risks Among Older Adults—United States 1993-1997.” Morbidity and MortalityWeekly Report (1999) 48:89-130.

Kassel, J.D. "Smoking and Stress: Correlation, Causation, and Context." AmericanPsychologist (2000) 55:1155-1156.

Kimmel, S.E., et. al. “Risk of Acute First Myocardial Infarction and Use of Nicotine Patches ina General Population.” Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001) 37:1297-1302.

Leveille, S.G., et al. “Physical Inactivity and Smoking Increase Risk for Serious Infections inOlder Women.” Journal of the American Geriatric Society (2000) 48:1582-1588.

Lightwood, J.M. and S.A. Glantz. “Short-Term Economic and Health Benefits of SmokingCessation: Myocardial Infarction and Stroke.” Circulation (1997) 96:1089-1096.

Mahmarian, J.J., et. al. “Nicotine Patch Therapy in Smoking Cessation Reduces the Extent ofExercise-Induced Myocardial Ischemia.” Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1997)30:125-130.

Meyers, A.W., R.C. Klesges, S.E. Winders, K.D. Ward, B.A Peterson, and L.H. Eck. "AreWeight Concerns Predictive of Smoking Cessation? A Prospective Analysis." Journal ofConsulting and Clinical Psychology (1997) 65:448-452.

Molander, L., A. Hansson, and E. Lunell. “Pharmacokinetics of Nicotine in Healthy ElderlyPeople.” Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (2001) 69:57-65.

Nordstrom, B.L., T. Kinnunen, C.H. Utman, and A.J. Garvey. "Long-Term Effects of NicotineGum on Weight gain After Smoking Cessation." Nicotine & Tobacco Research (1999) 1:259-268.

Parker, A.S., et. al. “Smoking and Risk of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Subtypes in a Cohort ofOlder Women.” Leukemia and Lymphoma (2000) 37:341-349.

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Parrott, A.C. "Cigarette Smoking Does Cause Stress." American Psychologist (2000) 55:1159-1160.

Parrott, A.C. and F.J. Kaye. "Daily Uplifts, Hassles, Stresses and Cognitive Failures: InCigarette Smokers, Abstaining Smokers, and Non-Smokers." Behav Pharmacol (1999) 10:639-646.

Parrott, A.C. "Does Cigarette Smoking Cause Stress?" American Psychologist 54:817-820.

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Hajek, P. and R. West. "Continued Dependence on Nicotine Replacement Therapy Should beReported and Discussed in Smoking Cessation Trials." Archives of Internal Medicine (2000)160:2062-2063.

Hajek, P., et. al. “Randomized Comparative Trial of Nicotine Polacrilex, a Transdermal Patch,Nasal Spray, and an Inhaler. Archives of Internal Medicine (1999) 159:2033-2038.

Hays, J.Y., et. al. “Over-the Counter Nicotine Patch Therapy for Smoking Cessation: Resultsfrom Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled, and Open Label Trials.” AmericanJournal of Public Health (1999) 89:1701-1707.


Hjalmarson, A., F. Nilsson, L. Sjostrom, and O. Wiklund. “The Nicotine Inhaler in SmokingCessation. Archives of Internal Medicine (1997) 157:1721-1728.

Hughes, J.R., et. al. "Are Higher Doses of Nicotine Replacement More Effective for SmokingCessation?" Nicotine & Tobacco Research (1999) 1:169-174.

Hughes, J.R., M.G. Goldstein, R.D. Hurt, and S. Shiffman. “Recent Advances in thePharmacotherapy of Smoking.” JAMA (1999) 281:72-76.

Hurt, R.D., et. al. "Nicotine Nasal Spray for Smoking Cessation: Pattern of Use, Side Effects,Relief of Withdrawal Symptoms, and Cotinine Levels." Mayo Clinic Proceedings (1998)73:118-125.

Hurt, R.D., et. al. "Temporal Effects of Nicotine Nasal Spray and Gum on Nicotine WithdrawalSymptoms." Psychopharmacology (1998) 140:98-104.

Jorenby, D.E, et. al. “Characterization of Tobacco Withdrawal Symptoms: TransdermalNicotine Reduces Hunger and Weight Gain.” Psychopharmacology (1996) 128:130-138.

Jorenby, D.E., D.S. Keehn, and M.C. Fiore. “Comparative Efficacy and Tolerability of NicotineReplacement Therapies.” CNS Drugs (1995) 3:227-236.

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Jorenby, D.E., et. al. “A Controlled Trial of Sustained-Release Bupropin, a Nicotine Patch, orBoth for Smoking Cessation.” New England Journal of Medicine (1999) 340:685-691.

Joseph, A.M., et. al. “The Safety of Transdermal Nicotine as an Aid to Smoking Cessation inPatients with Cardiac Disease.” New England Journal of Medicine (1996) 33:1792-1798.

Killen, J.D., S.P. Fortmann, L. Davis, L. Strausberg, and A. Varady. “Do Heavy SmokersBenefit From a Higher Dose Nicotine Patch Therapy?” Experimental and ClinicalPsychopharmacology (1999) 7:226-233.

Killen, J.D., S.P. Fortmann, L. Davis, and A. Varady. “Nicotine Patch and Self-Help Video forCigarette Smoking Cessation.” Journal of Clinical Psychology (1997) 65:663-672.

Kimmel, S.E., et. al. “Risk of Acute First Myocardial Infarction and Use of Nicotine Patches ina General Population.” Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001) 37:1297-1302.

Kunze U., R. Schoberberger, A. Schmeiser-Reider, E. Groman, and M. Kunze. "AlternativeNicotine Delivery Systems (ANDS)--Public Health-Aspects." Wiener Klinisch Wochenschrift(1998) 23:811-816.

Kunze, M. "Harm Reduction: The Possible Role of Nicotine Replacement." The TobaccoEpidemic: Progress in Respiratory Research. (1997) 28:190-198.

Kunze, M. “Maximizing Help for Dissonant Smokers.” Addiction (2000) 95(Supp 1):S13-S17.

Lawrence, W.F., S.S. Smith, T.B. Baker, and M.C. Fiore. "Does Over-the-Counter NicotineReplacement Therapy Improve Smoker's Life Expectancy?" Tobacco Control (1998) 7:364-368.

Lewis, S.F., T.M. Piasecki, M.C. Fiore, J.E. Anderson, and T.B. Baker. “Transdermal NicotineReplacement for Hospitalized Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial.” Preventive Medicine(1998) 27:296-303.

Mahmarian, J.J., et. al. “Nicotine Patch Therapy in Smoking Cessation Reduces the Extent ofExercise-Induced Myocardial Ischemia.” Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1997)30:125-130.

Mathias, R. “Nicotine Patch Helps Smokeless Tobacco Users Quit, but Maintaining AbstinenceMay Require Additional Treatment.” NIDA Notes (2001) 16:8-9.

Montalto, N.J. and S.D. Garrett. "Utilization of Nicotine Nasal Spray in Smoking Cessation." JAmerican Osteopathic Association Journal (1998) 98:160-164.

"Nicotine Replacement Therapy for a Healthier Nation: Nicotine Replacement is Cost Effectiveand Should be Prescribable on the NHS." British Medical Journal (1998) 317:1266-1267.

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Nordstrom, B.L., T. Kinnunen, C.H. Utman, and A.J. Garvey. "Long-Term Effects of NicotineGum on Weight gain After Smoking Cessation." Nicotine & Tobacco Research (1999) 1:259-268.

Okuyemi, K.S., J.S. Ahluwalia, and K.J. Harris. “Pharmacotherapy of Smoking Cessation.”Archives of Family Medicine (2000) 9:270-281.

Orleans, C.T., et. al. “Use of Transdermal Nicotine in a State-Level Prescription Plan for theElderly. A First Look at the ‘Real World’ Patch Users.” JAMA (1994) 271:601-607.

Oster, G., T.E. Delea, D.M. Huse, M.M. Regan, and G.A. Colditz. “The Benefits and Risks ofOver-the-Counter Availability of Nicotine Polacrilex (‘Nicotine Gum’). Medical Care (1996)34(5):389-402.

Perkins, K.A. "Sex Differences in Nicotine Verses Non-Nicotine Reinforcement asDeterminants of Tobacco Smoking. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology (1996)64:166-177.

Richmond, R.L., L. Kehoe, and A.C. De Almeida Neto. "Effectiveness of a 24-Hour NicotinePatch in Conjuction with a Cognitive Behavioral Programme: One Year Outcome Transdermal."Addiction (1997) 27-31.

Rosal, M.C., J.K. Ockene, T.G. Hurley, K. Kalan, and J.J. Hebert. “Effectiveness of Nicotine-Containing Gum in the Physician-Delivered Intervention Study.” Preventive Medicine (1998)27:262-267.

Schneider, N.G., et. al. "Efficacy of a Nicotine Inhaler in Smoking Cessation: A Double-Blind,Placebo Controlled Trial." Addiction (1996) 91:1293-1306.

Shiffman, S., J.A. Paty, J.M. Rohay, M.E. Di Marino, and J. Gitchell. "The Efficacy ofComputer-Tailored Smoking Cessation Material as a Supplement to Nicotine Polacrilex GumTherapy." Archives of Internal Medicine (2000) 160:1675-1681.

Shiffman, S., M. Khayrallah, and R. Nowak. "Efficacy of the Nicotine Patch for Relief ofCraving and Withdrawal 7-10 Weeks After Cessation." Nicotine & Tobacco Research (2000)2:371-378.

Silagy, C., D. Mant, G. Fowler, and T. Lancaster. "Nicotine Replacement Therapy for SmokingCessation." Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2000) 2:CD000146.

Solomon, L.J. “Free Nicotine Patch Plus Proactive Telephone Peer Support to Help Low-IncomeWomen Stop Smoking.” Preventive Medicine (2000) 31:68-74.

Stapleton, J.A., G. Sutherland, and M.A. Russell. "How Much Does Relapse After One YearErode Effectiveness of Smoking Cessation Treatments? Long-Term Follow up of RandomisedTrial of Nicotine Nasal Spray." British Medical Journal (1998) 316:830-831.

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Stapleton, J.A., A. Lowin, and M.A. Russell. "Prescription of Transdermal Nicotine Patches forSmoking Cessation in General Practice: Evaluation of Cost-Effectiveness. Lancet (1999)354:210-215.

Thompson, G.H. and D.A. Hunter. "Nicotine Replacement Therapy." Annals ofPharmacotherapy (1998) 31:1067-1075.

Tonnesen, P., et. al. "Higher Dosage Nicotine Patches Increase One-Year Smoking CessationRates: Results from the European CEASE Trial. Collaborative European Anti-SmokingEvaluation. European Respiratory Society." European Respiratory Journal (1999) 13:238-246.

Tonnesen, P. "Nicotine Replacement and Other Drugs in Smoking Cessation." The TobaccoEpidemic: Progress in Respiratory Research (1997) 28:178-189.

Tonnensen, P. "Smoking Cessation: Nicotine Replacement, Gums and Patches." Monaldi ArchChest Dis (1999) 54:489-494.

Wasley, M.A., S.E. McNagny, V.L. Phillips, and J.S. Ahluwalia. “The Cost-Effectiveness of theNicotine Transdermal Patch for Smoking Cessation.” Preventive Medicine 1997 26(2):264-270.

West, R., et. al. "A Comparison of the Abuse Liability and Dependence Potential of NicotinePatch, Gum, Spray and Inhaler." Psychopharmacology (2000) 149:198-202.

West, R., et. al. "Individual Differences in Preferences for and Responses to Four NicotineReplacement Products." Psychopharmacology (2001) 153:225-230.

Wetter, D.W., et. al. "Gender Differences in Response to Nicotine Replacement Therapy:Objective and Subjective Indexes of Tobacco Withdrawal." Experimental and ClinicalPsychopharmacology (1999) 7:135-144.

Wetter, D.W., et. al. "Gender Differences in Smoking Cessation." Journal of Consulting andClinical Psychology (1999) 67:555-562.

Wiseman, E.J. "Nicotine Replacement Therapy and Smoking Reduction as an Interim Goal."JAMA (1998) 279:194-195.

Zhu, S.H., et. al. “Telephone Counseling and Adjuvant Treatment for Nicotine ReplacementTherapy in a 'Real-World' Setting.” Preventive Medicine (2000) 31 (4):357-363.

Non-Nicotine Replacement Therapy MedicationsBalfour, D.J. “The Pharmacology Underlying Pharmacotherapy for Tobacco Dependence: AFocus on Bupropion.” International Journal of Clinical Practice (2001) 55:53-57.

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Blondal, T., et. al. "The Effects of Fluoxetine Combined with Nicotine Inhalers in SmokingCessation--a Randomized Trial. Addiction (1999) 94:1007-1015.

“Bupropion (Zyban) for Smoking Cessation” Medical Letters on Drugs and Therapeutics(1997) 39(1007):77-78.

“Bupropion to Aid Smoking Cessation.” Drug Ther Bull (2000) 38(10):73-75.

Cousins, M.S., H.M. Stanat, and H. de Wit. "Effects of a Single Dose of Baclofen on Self-Reported Subjective Effects and Tobacco Smoking." Nicotine Tobacco Research (2001) 3:123-129.

Covey, L.S., et. al. "Advances in Non-Nicotine Pharmacotherapy for Smoking Cessation."Drugs (2000) 59:17-31.

Covey, L.S., A.H. Glassman, and F. Stetner. “Naltrexone Effects on Short-Term and Long-TermSmoking Cessation.” J Addict Dis (1999) 18(1):31-40.

Dale, L.C., et. al. "Bupropion for Smoking Cessation: Predictors of Successful Outcome."Chest (2001) 119:1357-1364.

Dunlap, H. “Bupropion (Zyban, Sustained-Release Tablets): Update.” Canadian MedicalAssociation Journal (2000) 162:110-111.

Evins, E.A. and T. Tisdale. "Bupropion and Smoking Cessation." The American Journal ofPsychiatry (1999) 156:798-799.

Gourlay, S.G., L.F. Stead, and N.L. Benowitz. "Clonidine for Smoking Cessation." CochraneDatabase of Systematic Reviews (2000) 2:CD000058.

Hayford, K.E., et. al. “Efficacy of Bupropion for Smoking Cessation in Smokers with a FormerHistory of Major Depression or Alcoholism.” British Journal of Psychiatry (1999) 174:173-178.

Herbert, S. “Bupropion (Zyban, Sustained-Release Tablets): Reported Adverse Reactions.”Canadian Medical Association Journal 160:1050-1055.

Hitsman, B., et. al. "Antidepressant Pharmacotherapy Helps Some Cigarette Smokers More thanOthers." Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology (1999) 67:547-554.

Holm, K.J., and C.M. Spencer. "Bupropion: A Review of its use in the Management of SmokingCessation." Drugs (2000) 59:1007-1024.

Hurt, R.D., et. al. “A Comparison of Sustained-Release Bupropion and Placebo for SmokingCessation.” New England Journal of Medicine (1997) 337:1195-1202.

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Hughes, J.R., L.F. Stead, and T. Lancaster. "Anxiolytics and Antidepressants for SmokingCessation." Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2000) 2:CD000031.

Hyder Ferry, L. "Non-Nicotine Pharmacotherapy for Smoking Cessation." Primary Care(1999) 26:653-669.

Jorenby, D.E., et. al. “A Controlled Trial of Sustained-Release Bupropion, a Nicotine Patch, orBoth for Smoking Cessation.” New England Journal of Medicine (1999) 340:685-691.

Levine, R.S. “Briefing Paper—Zyban.” Br Dent J (2000) 189:412.

MacConnachie, A.M. “Bupropion (Zyban ®) for Smoking Cessation.” Intensive and CriticalCare Nursing (2000) 16:266-267.

Nichols, M.R. “The Use of Bupropion Hydrochloride for Smoking Cessation Therapy.”Clinical Excellence for Nurse Practitioners (1999) 3:317-322.

Raymond, E., et al. “What’s New in Smoking Cessation: Zyban.” Canadian Family Physician(1999) 45:633-634.

“Snuffing the Urge to Smoke.” JAMA 284(7):822.

Steele, C. “Zyban: An Effective Treatment for Nicotine Addiction.” Hospital Medicine (2000)61(11):785-788.

Tonnesen, P. "Nicotine Replacement and Other Drugs in Smoking Cessation." The TobaccoEpidemic: Progress in Respiratory Research (1997) 28:178-189.

Other“Aggressive Smoking Cessation Programs Reap Big Rewards.” Dis Manag Advis (2000)6(10):149-154.

Hughes, J.R. "Four Beliefs that May Impede Progress in the Treatment of Smoking." TobaccoControl (1999) 8:323-326.

Hughes, J.R. "Why Does Smoking so Often Produce Dependence?" Tobacco Control (2001)10:62-64.

"The Management of Nicotine Addiction." Nicotine Addiction in Britain: A Report of theTobacco Advisory Group of the Royal College of Physicians. London: Royal College of thePhysicians of London, 2000.

Pierce, J.P. and E.A. Gilpin. "News Media Coverage of Smoking and Health is Associated withChanges in Population rates of Smoking Cessation but not in Initiation." Tobacco Control(2001) 10:145-153.

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Other Cessation ApproachesAhijevych, K. R. Yerardi, and N. Nedilsky. "Descriptive Outcomes of the American LungAssociation of Ohio Hypnotherapy Smoking Cessation Program." Int J Clin Exp Hypn (2000)48:374-387.

Cohen, L.M., D.M. Britt, F.L. Collins Jr., H.D. Stott, and L.C. Carter. "Chewing Gum AffectsSmoking Topography." Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology (1999) 7:444-447.

Cohen, L.M., F.L. Collins Jr., and D.M. Britt. "The Effect of Chewing Gum on TobaccoWithdrawal." Addictive Behaviors (1997) 22:769-773.

Cohen, L.M., D.M. Britt, F.L. Collins, M. Al'Absi, and D.E. McChargue. "MultimodalAssessment of the Effect of Chewing Gum on Nicotine Withdrawal." Addictive Behaviors(2001) 26:289-295.

Covino, N.A. and M. Bottari. "Hypnosis, Behavioral Therapy, and Smoking Cessation." Journalof Dental Education (2001) 65:340-347.

Glasgow, R.E., E.P. Whitlock, E.G. Eakin, and E. Lichtenstein. "A Brief Smoking CessationIntervention for Women in Low-Income Planned Parenthood Clinics." American Journal ofPublic Health (2000) 90:786-789.

Green, J.P. and S.J. Lynn. "Hypnosis and Suggestion-Based Approaches to Smoking Cessation:An Examination of the Evidence." Int J Clin Exp Hypn (2000) 48:195-224.

Hajek, P. and L.F. Stead. “Aversive Smoking for Smoking Cessation.” Cochrane Database ofSystematic Reviews (2000) 2:CD000546.

Kinnunen, T. "Integrating Hypnosis into a Comprehensive Smoking Cessation Intervention:Comments on Past and Present Studies." Int J Clin Exp Hypn (2001) 49:267-271.

Maguire, T.A., J.C. McElnay, and A. Drummond. "A Randomized Controlled Trial of aSmoking Cessation Intervention Based in Community Pharmacies." Addiction (2001) 96:325-331.

Marcus, B.H., et al. “The Efficacy of Exercise as an Aid for Smoking Cessation in Women: ARandomized Controlled Trial." Archives of Internal Medicine (1999) 159:1229-1234.

May, S. and R. West. "Do Social Support Interventions ("Buddy Systems") Aid SmokingCessation? A Review." Tobacco Control (2000) 9:415-422.

McBride, C.M., et. al. “Evaluation of a Minimal Self-Help Smoking Cessation InterventionFollowing Cervical Cancer Screening.” Preventive Medicine (1999) 29:133-138.

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Ussher, M.H., A.H. Taylor, R. West, and A. McEwen. "Does Exercise Aid Smoking Cessation?A Systematic Review." Addiction (2000) 95:199-208.

Ward, K.D., R.C. Klesges, S.M. Zbikowski, R.E. Bliss, and A.J. Garvey. "Gender Differences inthe Outcome of an Unaided Smoking Cessation Attempt." Addictive Behaviors (1997) 22:521-533.

West, R., M. Edwards, and P. Hajek. "A Randomized Controlled Trial of a 'Buddy' System toImprove Success at Giving up Smoking in General Practice." Addiction (1998) 93:1007-1011.

Predictors of Quitting and ContinuanceAbrams, D.B., T.A. Herzog, K.M. Emmons, and L. Linnan. "Stages of Change VersesAddiction: A Replication and Extension." Nicotine & Tobacco Research (2000) 2:223-229.

Ben-Noun, L. "The Capability to Resist Smoking Relapse." Public Health Review (1998)26(4):331-342.

Bunton, R., S. Baldwin, D. Flynn, and S. Whitelaw. "The 'Stages of Change' Model in HealthPromotion: Science and Ideology." Critical Public Health (2000) 10:55-70.

Clark, M.A., W. Rakowski, F.J. Kviz, and J.W. Hogan. "Age and Stage of Readiness forSmoking Cessation." J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci (1997) 52(4):S212-221.

Clark, M.A., F.J. Kviz, K.S. Crittenden, and R.B. Warnecke. "Psychological Factors andSmoking Cessation Behaviors Among Smokers who Have and Have Not Tried to Quit." HealthEducation and Research (1998) 13:145-153.

Curry, S.J., L. Grothaus, and C. McBride. “Reasons for Quitting: Intrinsic and ExtrinsicMotivation for Smoking Cessation in a Population-Based Sample of Smokers.” AddictiveBehaviors (1997) 22:727-739.

Dale, L.C., D.A. Olsen, C.A. Patten, D.R. Schroeder, I.T. Croghan, R.D. Hurt, K.P. Offord, T.D.Wolter. "Predictors of Smoking Cessation Among Elderly Smokers Treated for NicotineDependence." Tobacco Control (1997) 6:181-187.

Dale, L.C., J.O. Ebbert, J.T. Hays, and R.D. Hurt. "Treatment of Nicotine Dependence." MayoClinic Proceedings (2000) 75:1311-1316.

Dijkstra, A., J. Roijackers, and H. DeVries. "Smokers in Four Stages of Readiness to Change."Addictive Behaviors (1998) 23:339-350.

Dijkstra, A. and H. DeVries. "Subtypes of Precontemplating Smokers Defined by DifferentLong-Term Plans to Change their Smoking Behavior." Health Education Research (2000)15:423-434.

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Emery, S., E.A. Gilpin, C. Ake, A.J. Farkas, and J.P. Pierce. "Characterizing and Identifying'Hard-Core' Smokers: Implications for Further Reducing Smoking Prevalence." AmericanJournal of Public Health (2000) 90:387-394.

Glover, E.D. and P.N. Glover. "Treating Nicotine Dependence." W V Medical Journal (2001)97:39-43.

Hasdai, D. "Predictors of Smoking Cessation After Percutaneous Coronary Revascularization."Mayo Clinic Proceedings (1998) 73(3):205-209.

Huijbrechts, I., et al. "Modification of Smoking Habits Five Months after Myocardial Infarction:Relationship with Personality Characteristics." Journal of Psychosomatic Research (1996)40:369-378.

Jarvis, M.J. "Patterns and Predictors of Smoking Cessation in the General Population" TheTobacco Epidemic: Progress in Respiratory Research (1997) 28:151-164.

Jeffery, R.W., D.J. Hennrikus, H.A. Land, D.M. Murray, and J.W. Liu. "Reconciling ConflictingFindings Regarding Postcessation Weight Concerns and Success in Smoking Cessation." HealthPsychology (2000) 19:242-246.

Jimenez-Ruiz, C.A. et al. "Smoking Characteristics: Differences in Attitudes and DependenceBetween Healthy Smokers and Smokers with COPD." Chest (2001) 119:1365-1370.

Kviz, F.J., M.A. Clark, K.S. Crittenden, R.B. Warnecke, and S. Freels. "Age and SmokingCessation Behaviors." Preventive Medicine (1995) 24:297-307.

Lindstrom, M., B. Hanson, P. Ostergren, and G. Berglund. "Socioeconomic Differences inSmoking Cessation: The Role of Social Participation." Scandinavian Journal of Public Health(2000) 28:200-208.

Manfredi, C., L.P. Lacey, R. Warnecke, and J. Petraitis. "Sociopsychological Correlates ofMotivation to Quit Smoking Among Low-SES African American Women." Health Educationand Behavior (1998) 25:304-318.

Meyers, A.W., R.C. Klesges, S.E. Winders, K.D. Ward, B.A. Peterson, and L.H. Eck. "AreWeight Concerns Predictive of Smoking Cessation? A Prospective Analysis." Journal ofConsulting & Clinical Psychology (1997) 65:448-452.

Monso, E., J. Campbell, P. Tonnesen, G. Gustavsson, and J. Morera. "SociodemographicPredictors of Success in Smoking Intervention." Tobacco Control (2001) 10:165-169.

Nguyet, N.M., F. Beland, and J. Otis. "Is the Intention to Quit Smoking Influenced by OtherHeart-Healthy Lifestyle Habits in 30-to 60-year-old Men?" Addictive Behaviors (1998) 23:23-30.

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Nigg, C.R., et. al. "Stages of Change Across Ten Health Risk Behaviors for Older Adults."Gerontologist (1999) 39:473-482.

Nordstrom, B.L., et. al. “Predictors of Continued Smoking Over 25 Years of Follow-Up in theNormative Aging Study.” American Journal of Public Health (2000) 90:404-406.

Norman, P., M. Conner, and R. Bell. "The Theory of Planned Behavior and SmokingCessation." Health Psychology (1999) 18:89-94.

Orleans, C.T., C. Jepson, N. Resch, and B.K. Rimer. “Quitting Motives and Barriers AmongOlder Smokers. The 1986 Adult Use of Tobacco Survey Revisited.” Cancer (1994) 74:2055-2061.

Rosal, M.C., et. al. “Coronary Artery Smoking Intervention Study (CAIS): 5-year follow-up.Health Psychology (1998) 17:476-478.

Ruggiero, L. “Smoking and Diabetes: Readiness for Change and Provider Advice.” AddictiveBehaviors (1999) 24:573-578.

Schorling, J.B. “The Stages of Change of Rural African-American Smokers.” American Journalof Preventive Medicine (1995) 11:170-177.

Shiffman, S., et. al. "A Day at a Time: Predicting Smoking Lapse from Daily Urge." Journal ofAbnormal Psychology (1997) 106:104-116.

Stapleton, J. "Cigarette Smoking Prevalence, Cessation and Relapse." Statistical Methods inMedical Research (1998) 7:187-203.

Tessaro, I., et al. "Readiness to Change Smoking Behavior in a Community Health CenterPopulation." Journal of Community Health (1997) 22:15-31.

Van Berkel, T.F.M., M.J. van der Vlugt, and H. Boersma. "Characteristics of Smokers andLong-Term Changes in Smoking Behavior in Consecutive Patients with Myocardial Infarction."Preventive Medicine (2000) 31:732-741.

West, R., A. McEwen, K. Bolling, and L. Owen. "Smoking Cessation and Smoking Patterns inthe General Population: A 1-Year Follow-Up." Addiction (2001) 96:891-902.

Williams, C.D., O. Lewis-Jack, K. Johnson, and L. Adams-Campbell. "EnvironmentalInfluences, Employment Status, and Religious Activity Predict Current Cigarette Smoking inElderly." Addictive Behaviors (2001) 26(2):297-301.

Wray, L.A., A.R. Herzog, and R.J. Willis. "The Impact of Education and Heart Attack onSmoking Cessation Among Middle-Aged Adults." Journal of Health and Social Behavior(1998):271-294.

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Printed Materials , Telephone Hotlines, Computer Generated Messages &VideosBalanda, K.P., J.B. Lowe, M. O'Connor-Fleming. "Comparison of Two Self-Help SmokingCessation Booklets." Tobacco Control (1999) 8:57-61.

Becona, E. and F.L. Vazquez. "Effectiveness of Personalized Written Feedback Through a MailIntervention for Smoking Cessation: A Randomized-Controlled Trial in Spanish Smokers."Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology (2001) 69:33-40.

Borland, R., C.J. Segan, P.M. Livingston, and N. Owen. "The Effectiveness of CallbackCounselling for Smoking Cessation: A Randomized Trial." Addiction (2001) 96:881-889.

Brandon, T.H., B.N. Collins, L.M. Juliano, and A.B. Lazev. "Preventing Relapse AmongFormer Smokers: A Comparison of Minimal Interventions through Telephone and Mail." Journalof Consulting and Clinical Psychology (2000) 68:103-113.

Dijkstra, A., H. De Vries, and J. Roijackers. “Long-Term Effectiveness of Computer-GeneratedTailored Feedback in Smoking Cessation.” Health Education Research (1998) 13:207-214.

Dijkstra, A., H. De Vries, and J. Roijackers. “Targeting Smokers with Low Readiness to Changewith Tailored and Nontailored Self-Help Materials.” Preventive Medicine (1998) 28:203-211.

Killen, J.D., S.P. Fortmann, L. Davis, and A. Varady. “Nicotine Patch and Self-Help Video forCigarette Smoking Cessation.” Journal of Clinical Psychology (1997) 65:663-672.

Kreuter, M.W., V.J. Strecher, and B. Glassman. “One Size Does Not Fit All: The Case forTailoring Print Materials.” Annals of Behavioral Medicine (1999) 21:276-283.

Lancaster, T. and L.F. Stead. “Self-Help Interventions for Smoking Cessation.” CochraneDatabase of Systematic Reviews (2000) 2:CD001118.


McBride, C.M., et. al. “Use of Self-Help Materials and Smoking Cessation Among ProactivelyRecruited and Volunteer Intervention Participants.” American Journal of Health Promotion(1998) 12:321-324.

Munoz, R.F., B.V. Marin, S.F. Posner, and E.J. Perez-Stable. "Mood Management MailIntervention Increases Abstinence Rates for Spanish-Speaking Latino Smokers." AmericanJournal of Community Psychology (1997) 25:325-343.


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Orleans, C.T. et. al. “Self-Help Quit Smoking Interventions: Effects of Self-Help Materials,Social Support Instructions, and Telephone Counseling.” Journal of Consulting and ClinicalPsychology (1991) 59:439-448.

Ossip-Klein, D.J., et. al. “Effects of a Smokers’ Hotline: Results of a 10-County Self-Help Trial.Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology (1991) 59:325-332.

Ossip-Klein, D.J., A.M. Carosella, and D.A. Krusch. "Self-Help Interventions for OlderSmokers." Tobacco Control (1997) 6(3):188-193.

Owen, L. "Impact of a Telephone Helpline for Smokers who Called During a Mass MediaCampaign." Tobacco Control (2000) 9:148-154.

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