Active Transport Ch 8. It is possible for particles to travel in the reverse direction across the...
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Transcript of Active Transport Ch 8. It is possible for particles to travel in the reverse direction across the...
It is possible for particles to travel in the reverse direction across the membrane and have particles travel from an area of ______ concentration to an area of_High_____ concentration, but in order to counteract the force of diffusion the cell must expend energy. This process is called _active transport_.
Low
Active transport is the movement of materials through a membrane ____________ a concentration gradient.
Active transport requires ____________.
AGAINST
ENERGY
The energy for active transport comes from ______ (Adenosine Triphosphate) generated inside mitochondria.
ATP
This process requires specialized proteins, which are __________ proteins to bind with the particle and transport it.
Carrier
Thus, far we have talked about the movement of ________ particles traveling across the membrane.
small
However, __________ particles are able to cross to and do so by any of these four active transport processes:
Large
• 1) Exocytosis• 2) Endocytosis• 3) Pinocytosis• 4) Phagocytosis
Endocytosis vs Exocytosis:
BOTH REQUIRE ENERGY
Large particles are transported across the membrane in membrane bound vesicles.
Plasma membrane
Endocytosis:• The process where a cell surrounds and takes ____ material from its environments.
• The particle does not pass through the membrane, it is simply __________ and enclosed
engulfed
in
Exocytosis:• The reverse process where materials are ____________ or secreted from a cell.
• This is used to ____________ and secreted substances (ex: hormones) produced by the cell.
expelled
rid wastes
• When exocytosis is getting rid of cell wastes, the process is called ___________
• When exocytosis is pushing useful substances out of the cell, then the process is known as ____________
excretion
secretion
Pinocytosis:
• Pinocytosis is when the cell ________.
• Pinocytosis deals with __________.
• Pinocytosis is a process that is happening all of the time.
pinches
liquids
(DRINKS)
• The liquid is enclosed in “vesicles”, formed by invagination of the plasma membrane. These vesicles then move into the cell.
Pinocytosis:
• Phagocytosis is when the cell _________
• Phagocytosis deals with _________.
• Once the vesicle has formed, it travels into the cytoplasm where it will fuse with ___________ that will kill and digest the engulfed material.
solids
engulfs
lysosome
Phagocytosis:
Used by white blood cells to engulf bacteria or infected cells
Phagocytosis:
• Phagocytosis is process the human body uses to destroy dead or foreign _______.cells