(a) Particles in solid (b) Particles in liquid (c) Particles in gas.
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Transcript of (a) Particles in solid (b) Particles in liquid (c) Particles in gas.
STATES OF MATTER & PHASE CHANGES
Solid
(a) Particles in solid (b) Particles in liquid (c) Particles in gas
Liquid Gas
States of Matter
Solid Liquid Gas
Holds Shape
Fixed Volume
Shape of Container
Fixed Volume
Shape of Container
Volume of Container
heat heat
States of Matter
Solid Liquid Gasheat heat
States of Matter
State Particle Model
Shape Volume Energy
Solid Definite Definite lowest
Liquid Indefinite Definite
Gas Indefinite Indefinite highest
Characteristics of Solids
Particles are very tightly packed
Definite shape, definite volume
Particles vibrate but cannot move
Characteristics of Liquids
Looser attraction between particles
indefinite shape, definite volume
Particles can tumble over each other
Liquids can flow
Characteristics of Gases
No attraction between particles
indefinite shape, indefinite volume
Particles move rapidly and are in constant motion
Gases can flow
What is the state of oobleck?
Discuss with your group which state of matter oobleck should be classified as.
Cite evidence for your answer!
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yHlAcASsf6U
Phase Changes
Melting
Freezing
Vaporization
Condensation
Deposition
Sublimation
Can you comeup with an example
for each?
Phase Changes
Let’s Label Together!
Phase Changes
Answer:
Food for Thought
There is a 4th state of matter known as plasma. A plasma is an ionized gas A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity
and is affected by magnetic fields.
Examples:
Phase Diagram of Water
Defining a Phase Diagram
A phase diagram is common way to represent the various phases of a substance and the conditions under which each phase exists
solid
liquid
gas
vaporization
condensation
melting
freezing
Heat added
Tem
pera
ture
(oC
)
A
B
C
DE
Heating Curve for Water
0
100
LeMay Jr, Beall, Robblee, Brower, Chemistry Connections to Our Changing World , 1996, page 487
What does this phase diagramtell you?
Interpreting a Phase Diagram 6. What is the melting
point of the substance?
7. What is the boiling point of the substance?
8. What letter on the diagram indicates solid is present only?
A
B
C
D
About 55°C
About 95°C
A
Interpreting a Phase Diagram 9. What letter on the
diagram indicates a gas is present only?
10. What letter on the diagram indicates a liquid is present only?
11. What letter on the diagram indicates both solid AND liquid are present?
A
B
C
D
B
C
D
Questions about Phase Change Lab?
Analysis Questions
Claims and Evidence
Reflection Questions
LAB REPORT DUE THURSDAY, APRIL 4th.
Types of Reactions
Endothermic reaction- Energy is gained by the substance as it changes state Heat is needed/absorbed.
Exothermic reaction-Energy is removed by the substance as it changes state. Heat is released.
Discuss with your partner:What phase changes are endothermic?
EXOTHERMIC?
Phase Changes - Melting
Melting is when a substance changes from a solid to a liquid.
Do particles gain or lose speed?
The particles increase their speed causing them to break apart from each other.
Endothermic or Exothermic Reaction? Endothermic
Examples-melting snow or ice
Phase Change – Condensing Condensing is when a substance changes
from a gas to a liquid.
Do particles gain or lose speed? The particles lose their speed causing them to
pack a little more closely together.
Endothermic or Exothermic Reaction? Exothermic Reaction
Example: Cloudy bathroom
Let’s Change some Phases by…
MAKING ICE CREAM!
Take a Look at Your Lab
CHANGE PROCEDURE #5 TO SAY ½ CUP OF ROCK SALT
solid
liquid
gas
vaporization
condensation
melting
freezing
Heat added
Tem
pera
ture
(oC
)
A
B
C
DE
Heating Curve for Water
0
100
LeMay Jr, Beall, Robblee, Brower, Chemistry Connections to Our Changing World , 1996, page 487