Accelerating the improvement of plantain

and matookeRony Swennen

RTB Annual Review and Planning Meeting

29 September 2014

Objectives of research

1. Breed high yielding plantain/matooke with good consumer acceptability

2. Accelerate the development of improved hybrids

Plantain and Matooke

● Xxxxxxxx● xxxxxxx

Matooke (3x), 660K-1 (4x), Calcutta (2x), TMB2x 8075-7 (2x), 12468.S6 (3x)

3x 4x 2x

4x 2x 3x

Musa breeding scheme

3x landrace X 2x improved/wild

4x hybrids X 2x improved

3x secondary triploids

Diploid breeding

Narita hybrids: bunch variation

NARITA 1

NARITA 5

NARITA 7

NARITA 19

3x 4x 3x

Hybrid distribution and testing

NARITA testing● Rwanda- Burundi : NARS evaluation

● Uganda-Tanzania: G x E, mother and baby trials

PITA testing• Rwanda – Burundi – Comoros – Ghana – DR Congo

– Ivory Coast: NARS evaluation

PITA and NARITA

International Transit Centre, Bioversity International

Yield of the cooking banana hybrids originating from Enzirabahima

Hybrids  

use Yield (kg ha-1)

NARITA 22 Cooking 34340.2

NARITA 8 Juice 33506.7

NARITA 14  Cooking 33456.7

NARITA 4 Cooking 32173.1

NARITA 9      Juice 28205.6

NARITA 15  Cooking 23671.4

NARITA 10  Juice 23071.3

NARITA 1  Cooking 22671.2

NARITA 3  Juice 19603.9

NARITA 16 Juice 9735.3

NARITA 5 Cooking 8468.4ENZIRABAHIMA† Cooking 11555.0

Yield of the beer banana hybrids originating from Entukura

Hybrids

  use

Yield (kg ha-1)

NARITA 2 Food

15636.5

NARITA 20 Food

13802.8

NARITA 17  Food

12152.4

ENTUKURA† 

7498.5

Objectives of research

1. Breed high yielding plantain/matooke with good consumer acceptability

2. Accelerate the development of improved hybrids

Time to deliver

Year activity

0 Installation of a collection

1 selection of parents and multiplication of selected parents

2-3 crosses and seed germination

4-5 F1 selection, cloning and evaluation

6-7 multiplication and crosses

8-9 F2 selection, cloning and evaluation

10-13 multilocational testing

14-16 on farm testing

17 large scale distribution

How to go faster?

1. Embryo rescue

2. Molecular marker development and use

3. Gene discovery (for drought)

4. Genomic selection for east African Highland bananas

5. Triploid production

1. Embryo rescue

2. Molecular markers

Diploid crosses are made for segregation populations for:

Parthenocarpy

Fruit length

Bunch orientation

Plant size

Nematode resistance

Black Sigatoka resistance

……

3. Gene discovery (for drought)

3. Gene discovery (for drought)

Proteomics and transciptomics

sequenced AA and BB genome

3. Gene discovery (for drought)

• 21 genes identified

• 21 gene families

• automatic annotation of the predicted genes of the banana reference genome was often erroneous

• more than 90 genes needed structural revision of the coding sequence

 

3. Gene discovery (for drought)

Functional genomics

Genetic engineering• Higher expression• Silencing

Phenotypic analysis

Control pIMHKUL3 pIMHKUL4

Functional genomics

4. Genomic selection

● Banana breeding is slow

● Need to develop a prediction tool to select hybrids based

1) on genetic information

2) not on phenotypic information: takes too long, and G x E effect

4. Genomic selection

A training population needs to be analysed, to calibrate markers effects

299 out of 320 plants already genotyped by GBS at Cornell

Two phenotyping fields established under different E

A validation population analysed to estimate the prediction value

Before applying it on a test population

5. Triploid production

3x landrace X 2x improved/wild

4x hybrids X 2x improved/wild

3x secondary triploids

Linkage to outcomes and flagship project

● BA 5: Improved banana varieties

Improved banana hybrids, adapted to

farmers’, consumers’ and market’s needs

Banana plant and fruit

ideotypes defined

Documented genetic resources

for utilization in breeding

Tools for improved selection efficiency

Improved breeding methods

Improved evaluation and

selection methods: high throughput

phenotyping methods improved

for key traits

Guidelines for registration, release and

dissimination of improved hybrids

Contributors organized by topic

Brigitte Uwimana, Delphine Amah Jassmine Zorilla, Sebastien Carpentier, Nicolas Roux, Mathieu Rouard, Alberto Cenci, Ismail RabbiDang Vi Tuong, Windelinckx Saskia, Henry M Isabelle, De Coninck Barbara, Cammue P Bruno, Remy Serge, Jerome Kubiriba, Tendo Ssali, Alex Barekye, Robooni TumuhimbiseMoses Niyne, Jaroslav Dolezel, Eva HribovaMichael Abberton, Badara Gueye, Emmanuel Njukwe Inge Van den Bergh

Contributors organized by topic