A Meeting of Many Worlds. Main Points Europe and Exploration Europe and Exploration Causes and...
-
Upload
blaze-horn -
Category
Documents
-
view
219 -
download
2
Transcript of A Meeting of Many Worlds. Main Points Europe and Exploration Europe and Exploration Causes and...
Main PointsMain Points
Europe and ExplorationEurope and Exploration Causes and Methods of Causes and Methods of
ExpansionExpansion SignificanceSignificance Contact and ConquestContact and Conquest Spain and the MexicaSpain and the Mexica FranceFrance BritainBritain Legacies of ConquestLegacies of Conquest
Conditions in Europe, Conditions in Europe, 1400’s1400’s
I. I. Black DeathBlack Death, 1340’s , 1340’s
-Ec. & pop. growth, -Ec. & pop. growth, 1400’s1400’s
II. II. RenaissanceRenaissance
-15-15thth & 16 & 16thth century century
III. Consolidate powerIII. Consolidate power
--Spanish Spanish reconquistareconquista
Religion in EuropeReligion in Europe
III. Catholic ChurchIII. Catholic Church
A. A. ReformationReformation, 1510s-, 1510s-20s 20s
1. 1. Martin LutherMartin Luther
a. Personal faitha. Personal faith
b. Question doctrine b. Question doctrine
B. B. “Protestants”“Protestants”
C. Religious divisionC. Religious division
1. Cath., Prot., Calv.1. Cath., Prot., Calv.
2. Intolerance2. Intolerance
Why Explore?Why Explore?
I. Material gainI. Material gain A. TradeA. Trade 1. Spices1. Spices 2. Silks & furs2. Silks & furs 3. Gold/slaves3. Gold/slavesII. ReligiousII. Religious A. ConversionA. Conversion B. Block IslamB. Block IslamIII. Political III. Political
powerpower
How they How they exploredexplored
III. New technologyIII. New technology
A. Stronger shipsA. Stronger ships
1. Caravels1. Caravels
2. Sails2. Sails
B. Navigational toolsB. Navigational tools
1. Astrolabe1. Astrolabe
2. Magnetic 2. Magnetic compasscompass
C. MapsC. Maps
1. Geography1. Geography
2. Currents2. Currents
Who?Who?
Bartolemeu Diaz southern Africa 1488Bartolemeu Diaz southern Africa 1488 Christopher ColumbusChristopher Columbus,, Bahamas 1492 Bahamas 1492 Vasco Da Gama, under Africa to India Vasco Da Gama, under Africa to India
1499 1499 John Cabot, Newfoundland 1497John Cabot, Newfoundland 1497 Juan Ponce de Leon, Florida 1513Juan Ponce de Leon, Florida 1513 Hernan CortesHernan Cortes,, Mexico 1519 Mexico 1519 Jacques Cartier, St. Lawrence River. Jacques Cartier, St. Lawrence River.
15351535
Significance?Significance?
I. I. Power of Spain Power of Spain II. European conflictsII. European conflicts III. African slaveryIII. African slavery IV. ChristianityIV. Christianity V. Contact with Indigenous V. Contact with Indigenous
peoplepeople VI. New wealthVI. New wealth VII. Population changeVII. Population change
Pop QuizPop Quiz
Take out a piece of Take out a piece of paperpaper
Name, class, I.D. #Name, class, I.D. #
1. Name of the process that involved 1. Name of the process that involved the exchange of animals, plants, & the exchange of animals, plants, & disease between the old and new disease between the old and new worlds.worlds.
2. One type of labor system used by 2. One type of labor system used by the Spanish in the new worldthe Spanish in the new world
Contact & Conquest, 1492-Contact & Conquest, 1492-1640s1640s
I. SpainI. Spain
II. FranceII. France
III. BritainIII. Britain
IV. InteractionIV. Interaction
and conflictsand conflicts
SpainSpain
I. Christopher I. Christopher Columbus Columbus
II. Ferdinand & II. Ferdinand & IsabellaIsabella
III. Route to AsiaIII. Route to Asia
IV. CaribbeanIV. Caribbean
V. TainosV. Tainos
The Spanish The Spanish EmpireEmpire
I. I. Cortez & the MexicaCortez & the Mexica, , 1519-15211519-1521
II. II. MontezumaMontezuma
““Empire of tribute”Empire of tribute”
III. ConquestIII. Conquest
A. War & A. War & technologytechnology
B. B. Tarascans/TlaxcalansTarascans/Tlaxcalans
C. DiseaseC. Disease
Spanish InstitutionsSpanish Institutions
I. I. PresidiosPresidios (Military/State)(Military/State)
A. ExploreA. Explore
B. Trade B. Trade
C. “Defend”C. “Defend”
D. Subdue IndiansD. Subdue Indians
-Onate 1590, Acoma-Onate 1590, Acoma
II.II. Missions Missions (Church) (Church)
A. Franciscans & A. Franciscans & JesuitsJesuits
B. ConversionB. Conversion
C. Indian LaborC. Indian Labor
Spanish Colonial LaborSpanish Colonial LaborA. A. EncomiendaEncomienda -Tribute & labor -Tribute & labor given to an given to an encomenderoencomenderoB.B. Repartimiento Repartimiento -Guaranteed Indian -Guaranteed Indian labor to Spanish for labor to Spanish for public projectspublic projectsC. C. RescateRescate-Ransomed Indian -Ransomed Indian captives worked for captives worked for Spanish Spanish
Spanish BorderlandsSpanish Borderlands
missions and military presidios by 1780smissions and military presidios by 1780s
““The Columbian The Columbian Exchange”Exchange”
AmericasAmericas CornCorn BeansBeans PeppersPeppers PotatoesPotatoes CocoaCocoa TobaccoTobacco
EuropeEurope DiseaseDisease Horses, pigs, Horses, pigs,
sheepsheep Cattle Cattle GunsGuns WeedsWeeds SugarSugar CoffeeCoffee
The FrenchThe French
I. Weak empireI. Weak empire
A. Less interestA. Less interest
B. TradeB. Trade
C. Few colonistsC. Few colonists
D. CatholicD. Catholic
II. II. Samuel de Samuel de Champlain Champlain
1607 Quebec1607 Quebec
III. Indian alliancesIII. Indian alliances
A. A. HuronsHurons
The FrenchThe FrenchIV. CatholicIV. Catholic
A. A. Jesuits Jesuits (blackrobes)(blackrobes)
B. B. SyncretismSyncretism
1. 1. Kateri Kateri TekakwithaTekakwitha
*Mohawk *Mohawk womanwoman
*Catholic*Catholic
*Saint in 20*Saint in 20thth c. c.
The Fur-TradeThe Fur-TradeV. French trappers and V. French trappers and
traders traders A. Lived with IndiansA. Lived with Indians B. Learned Native B. Learned Native
languageslanguages C. Married Native C. Married Native
womenwomen*Metis*Metis
D. Indian women did D. Indian women did most workmost work
Arrival of the BritishArrival of the British
I. Late ArrivalsI. Late Arrivals
II. Violence and II. Violence and IndiansIndians
III. Social III. Social stratificationstratification
IV. Land, colonize, IV. Land, colonize, excludeexclude
The EnglishThe English
I. Jamestown “settlers”I. Jamestown “settlers”
A. Military, not farmersA. Military, not farmers
1. 1. Virginia CompanyVirginia Company
““joint-stock joint-stock company”company”
B. B. Capt. John SmithCapt. John Smith
C. Almost died 1609/10C. Almost died 1609/10
D. TobaccoD. Tobacco
British-Native RelationsBritish-Native Relations
Powhatan Powhatan ConfederacyConfederacy
A. 14,000 peopleA. 14,000 people
B. Colonists stole B. Colonists stole corncorn
C. DiseasesC. Diseases
D. Expanded onto D. Expanded onto
Powhatan landPowhatan land
PocahontasPocahontas
PocahontasPocahontas, , daughter of daughter of Powhatan, married Powhatan, married
John RolfeJohn Rolfe Pocahontas Pocahontas
became Rebecca, became Rebecca, but died in 1617but died in 1617
Native ResponsesNative Responses
OpechancanoughOpechancanough (brother of Powhatan)(brother of Powhatan)
-Warfare through -Warfare through 1620s1620s
-Destroyed Virginia -Destroyed Virginia Co.Co.
-Colonists kept coming-Colonists kept coming
-Patterns of conflict-Patterns of conflict
Plymouth ColonyPlymouth Colony 16201620’’ss
I. New England, MassI. New England, Mass
II. II. PuritansPuritans split from split from Anglican ChurchAnglican Church
III. III. Separatists Separatists thought Church was thought Church was corruptcorrupt
IV. IV. PilgrimsPilgrims left left Europe to establish Europe to establish aa colony of “true colony of “true believers” believers”
Continuing conflictContinuing conflict
I. Plymouth Colony andI. Plymouth Colony and William William BradfordBradford
II. II. Mayflower CompactMayflower Compact
III. Wampanoag territoryIII. Wampanoag territory
A. Natives help them surviveA. Natives help them survive
B. B. Samoset, Squanto, MassasoitSamoset, Squanto, Massasoit
VI. Land loss and deathVI. Land loss and death
Massachusetts Bay Massachusetts Bay ColonyColony
I. Offshoot of PlymouthI. Offshoot of Plymouth
A. Joint-Stock CompanyA. Joint-Stock Company
B. Expansion into Pequot B. Expansion into Pequot LandLand
C. “Religious War of C. “Religious War of extermination”extermination”
II.II. Pequot War Pequot War and the Treaty and the Treaty of of
Hartford, 1638Hartford, 1638
Comparisons, 1600sComparisons, 1600s France:France: Fur trade, Jesuits, weak Fur trade, Jesuits, weak
empire, Indian alliances, empire, Indian alliances, dependencydependency
British:British: Late arrivals; full Late arrivals; full colonization; hostile Indian colonization; hostile Indian relations; conformity & exclusionrelations; conformity & exclusion
Spain:Spain: Full colonization, presidios, Full colonization, presidios, missions, labor, big empire, missions, labor, big empire, powerful state, inclusion of powerful state, inclusion of Indians into societyIndians into society
SignificanceSignificance of contact, of contact, 1600s1600s
I.I. Massive exchange of populationsMassive exchange of populations
II.II. European powerEuropean power
III.III. ““Biological conquest”Biological conquest”
IV.IV. Native resistance and adaptationNative resistance and adaptation
V.V. Expansion of ChristianityExpansion of Christianity
VI.VI. European accumulation of wealthEuropean accumulation of wealth