A Guide to the Use of Phosphine Fumigants ©2011 DEGESCH America, Inc.

2

Degesch America, Inc. (DAI) was founded in 1977 and is the United States arm of German based Detia-Degesch Gmbh. Our corporate headquarters and production facility are situated in the Shenandoah Valley town of Weyers Cave, Virginia. This facility opened on March 15, 1979 and is the only producer of aluminum phosphide (Phostoxin®) and magnesium phosphide (Magtoxin®) fumigants in the United States.

DAI is the leader in specialized product packaging for the fumigation industry. Products such as Phostoxin® Tablet Prepac & Prepac Rope , Magtoxin® Prepac Spot Fumigant, Fumi-Cel®, Fumi-Strip®, Magtoxin® Granules and Detia® Fumex are used extensively in the fumigation of food products.

DAI has pioneered the development of in-transit shipboard, railcar and barge fumigations and is the developer of efficient modern techniques such as the patented J-System® for land and shipboard use, the Degesch Phosphine Generator and the Degesch Catalytic Adsorption Unit

3

EPA• Individual states &

municipalities

USDA• GIPSA, APHIS,PPQ

USCG• Ships & Barges

DOT• Inland transportation

21 kg Exemption

• CDL requirements

DHS• TWIC• Top screen process

4

Chemtrec

PROSAR

5

Phostoxin®, “a new fumigant releasing hydrogen phosphide” was invented in 1951 by Dr. L Hüter, DEGESCH Laboratory Director

US FIFRA Registration granted on November 10, 1958 to Hollywood Termite & Pest Control

6

Dr. Herbert Rauscher

demonstrates probing Phostoxin

tablets in this photo from 1954

Read the Applicators Manualand MSDS completely prior to

undertaking any fumigation

Follow the instructions given inorder to obtain optimum results

7

It is a violation of the law to use this product in a manner inconsistent with its labeling

Apply proper dosage Confirm volume Label application rate

8

Proper sealingPermanent sealsTemporary seals

9

Adequate exposure periodAvoid minimumsThink days; not hours

Adequate temperatureCommodity & AmbientExtended exposure period

10

Insure lethal concentrationMonitor!

Monitor again!Monitor some more!

11

Phostoxin® Tablet Prepac

Produce 33grams of phosphine

Phostoxin® Tablets

Produce 1 gram of phosphine

Phostoxin® Pellets

Produce .2 grams of phosphine

Phostoxin® Tablet Prepac Rope

Produce 1065 grams of phosphine

130 Hour1 Hour2 Hours4 Hours6 Hours8 Hours10 Hours24 Hours26 Hours28 Hours30 Hours32 Hours

14

Time in Hours

PH3 LevelBy %

T-1 = Moderate Temperature & High HumidityT-2 = High Temperature & Moderate HumidityT-3 = Moderate Temperature & Low Humidity

LC50 = 180ppmLC100 = 220ppm

15

The Applicator’s Manual

must accompanythis product.

17

Initial Instructions

20

Phostoxin®

--------------------- AlP + 3H2O > Al(OH)3 + Ph3

Aluminum phosphide reacts with ambient humidity (water) producing aluminum hydroxide and phosphine.

Phostoxin also contains ammonium carbamate which reacts as follows: NH2COONH4 >2NH3 + CO2

Ammonium carbamate releases ammonia and carbon dioxide.

21

Corrosive effects of phosphine on precious metals

24

Temperature x Time x Concentration

26

Maximum dosage rate

Recommended dosage ranges

H = HeightW = WidthL = Length

27

π = 3.1416r = Radius = ½

DiameterD = Diameter C = Circumference =

πD

28

29

Base Formula = L x W x H Loft Formula = (L x W x H) ÷ 2

Base Volume: 80′ x 20′ x 20′ = 32,000 Ft3

Loft Volume: (80′ x 20′ x 10′) = 16,000 ÷ 2 = 8,000Ft3

Total Volume: 32,000 Ft3 + 8,000 Ft3 = 40,000 Ft3

30

Formula: (πr2 x L) ÷ 2 π = 3.1416

Volume = (3.1416 x 15′ x 15′ x 40′ = 28,274 Ft3

28,274 Ft3 ÷ 2 = 14,137 Ft3

31

Formula: πr2 x (H÷3) r = ½D

3.1416′ x 13.5′ x 13.5′ x 5.33′ = 3, 051 Ft3

32

Formula: πr2 x H r = ½D

3.1416′ x 13.5′ x 13.5′ x 16′ = 9,160 Ft3

34

0-0.3ppm

No Respiratory Protection Required

Respiratory Protection

35

0.3-15ppm = Full face canister mask

36

Above 15ppm or unknown concentration =SCBA

A Certified Applicator must be physically present, responsiblefor, and maintain visual and/or voice contact with all fumigation

Workers during the application of the fumigant. Once theapplication is complete and the structure has been made securethe certified applicator does not need to be physically present at

the site.

37

A Certified Applicator must be physically present, responsible for and maintain visual and/or voice contact with all fumigation

workers during the initial opening of the fumigation structure for aeration. Once the aeration process is secured

and monitoring has established that aeration can be completed safely the certified applicator does not need to be

physically present and trained person(s) can complete the process and remove the placards.

38

Persons with documented training in the handling of phosphine productsmust be responsible for receiving, aerating and removal of placards from

vehicles which have been fumigated in transit. Refer to section 12 fortraining requirements.

39

41

Draeger Water Vapor 1/b

n=

2

1510531

Batch: ARHM - 0111

8101781

42

8 Hour TWA 0.3 ppm15 Minute STEL 1.0 ppm

Do not exceed the TLV of 0.3 ppm in any occupied areasReadings should be taken and documented

43

45

The user must immediately report the theft of any

phosphine fumigants to the local police department

The registrant of the label must be informed by telephone of

any adverse incident to human health or the environment

involving their product so that records required by EPA can be

maintained

Placards must withstand adverse weather conditions Placards must have the name of the fumigation company

and a24-hour emergency telephone number

Placards must contain the EPA registration number of the product 46

47

Dry, well ventilated area away from heat, under lock & key

Post as pesticide storage

Do not contaminate food, water or feed

Do not store in buildings where humans or domestic animals reside

Keep out of the reach of children

48

20.1 Transport Designations - The following transport designations apply to aluminum phosphide

Proper Shipping Name:Aluminum phosphide

Hazard Class: 4.3

Identification No.: UN 1397

Packing Group: PG I

Shipping Label: Dangerous When Wet/Poison

Shipping Placard: Dangerous When Wet

20.2 Transportation Exemption: Exemption: DOT-E 10753 Purpose and Limitation: “…The motor vehicles used under the terms of this

exemption are not required to be placarded…” Modes of Transportation Authorized: Motor vehicle (Only private motor

vehicles used in pest control operations are authorized to transport the packages covered by the terms of this exemption.)

NOTE: You must have a copy of this exemption with you during transportation.

49

Maximum Quantity: 1 Case (21 Kg )

20.2 Transportation Exemption: Exemption: DOT-E 10753 Purpose and Limitation: “…The motor vehicles used under the terms of this

exemption are not required to be placarded…” Modes of Transportation Authorized: Motor vehicle (Only private motor

vehicles used in pest control operations are authorized to transport the packages covered by the terms of this exemption.)

NOTE: You must have a copy of this exemption with you during transportation.

50

Maximum Quantity: 1 Case (21 Kg )

51

The certified applicator is responsible for working with

the owners and/or responsible employees of the

structure and/or area to be fumigated to develop a

Fumigation Management Plan (FMP). The FMP is

intended to ensure a safe and effective fumigation. The

FMP must address characterization of the structure

and/or area, and include appropriate monitoring and

notification requirements……

58

Phostoxin being applied with probe and sleeve

59

•Allows precise control of dosage

• Insures uniform distribution of pellets in grain mass

• Workers do not have to enter bin/tank to apply fumigant

• Used to apply pellets as grain is going into storage

Ventilator fans must be covered...

62

Quality Preparation = Quality Fumigation

63

Vents or doors that may give access to the inside of the silo/bin must be covered or taped...

64

The grain must be covered if you cannot seal off the vent system at the top of the silo / bin...

65

67

Insures even distribution of fumigant

Workers do not have to enter bin/tank to apply fumigant

Used for grains already in storage

System installation can be either permanent or temporary

Dosage rates can often be reduced

69

Permanent installation using

PVC piping

70

Temporary installation using flexible plastic

drainage pipe

71


drainage pipe

72


drainage pipe

73

Application being made from outside.

Note use of fall protection.

No matter what application method is used, the fumigation is not complete until the site contains 0.3ppm or less of phosphine

74

Contingency planningBe prepared for the unexpected

77

If it isn’t documented, it didn’t happen79

80

DEGESCH America, Inc.

www.degeschamerica.com

[email protected]

A Guide to the Use of Phosphine Fumigants ©2011 DEGESCH America, Inc.

Documents

Transcript of A Guide to the Use of Phosphine Fumigants ©2011 DEGESCH America, Inc.