Sandesh Bolakhe

Roll No: 42

Advance Silviculture

Introduction

Emperor Ashoka, was the first Indian King who planted shady trees on the sides of roads and later he was followed by Moghuls but this planting was mostly Unplanned.

During the British Rule, this work was continued but it was done by the Public Workers Department.

In 1938, Chaturvedi, drew the attention of the Government regarding the arising questions for Neglecting Plantation, by preparing Working scheme for U.P roads.

In present roadside plantation is being done in several states by Forest Departments and National commission on Agriculture in India.

Factors of Locality and other Conditions

Climate Varise from place to place as the roads passes through areas with varying climates, the soil also varies from sandy to stiff clay with stretches of Saline alkaline soils

The borrow pits upset the natural drainage and tend to become water-logged.

Grazing does a lot of damage to the plants.

Soil Preparation Done usually in winter, after winter rain, when soil is easy to dig.

60cm X 60cm deep pits are dug for mangifera indica and dalbergia sissoo.

45cm X 45 cm for Eucalyptus and other species.

Alignment of rows of pits is very important from the point of view of beauty of avenue planting.

Choice of Species Spps. Should be hardy, evergreen or winter decidious, wind-firm, fast

growing, and fairly tall.

Should have good grown but should not have dropping branches

edible fruits and valuable timber Species are preferred.

most commonly used suitable species. Accacia arabica, Albizzia procera, dalbergia sissoo, Eucalyptus spps, Ficus infectoria, F.

bengalensis, F. glomerata, Madhuca indica, Mangifera indica, Pongamia pinnata, Syzygium cumuni, terminalia arjuna etc.

In saline alkaline soils, prosopis juliflora, Parkinsonia aculeata have proved very successful.

To break the monotony, ornnamental plants, such as Cassia fistula, Cassia javanica, bahunnia variegata, Delonix regia, Jacaranda ovalifolia, Grevillea robusta, lagerstroemia species, are planted near Kilometer stones.

In the hills, Populas nigra, Populas alba, Robinia, Acer oblongum, Alianthus altissima, etc, can be planted.

Method of Raising Plants

Plants have to be raised under very adverse condition, so the protection is a great problem.

Nursery grown tall plants with ball of earth or raised in containers, are usually planted.

Plants are then transplanted in nursery two or three times to enable them to develop a bushy root system

By Control of spacing: the plant become sturdy and tall By Pruning: develops clear bole

Minimum height considered: 2.4 m for sisham, it takes 3 years to attain this height, while mango and jamun take 2 to 3 years, Eucalyptus takes 8-9 months, and 1.5m for other species

Protection Methods

I. Construction of a mud wall with diameter 1.5 m and of equal height, round each plant

II. Construction of circular open brick-work enclosure, 1.5 m in diameter and height, with mortared overlaps and top curb, round each plant

III. Making a live circular hedge of Accacia arabica, Agave, etc. round each plant

IV. Old coaltar drums variously cut and bent to increase effective height round each plant

V. Tying of inverted Khajur (Palm) leaves on the steam of the plant all round and making a ring of brush wood or thorens round each plant

Tending

Requires continuous attention for proper development of plants

Stakes are used to give support to the tall lanky leaning plants

During winter, frost-tender plants like mango and jamun are protected against frost by erecting grass covers over them

Advantage

Advantage

Increase property values

Improvement of Air Quality

Increase in community pride

Increase in Recreational Opportunities

Reduction of noise levels

Some Organizations Involved

Roadside tree planting through cooperative approach-Bangladesh, 2006

Roadside Environment Committee, New South Whales

Environmental Conservation project: roadside tree palntation in Punjab, Rajasthan, Madhya Pardesh (MP) and Delhi, 1999 (36,030 plants were planted in 232 km road span)

Road Side Tree Plantation Project, July 2002 to June 2005. Bangladesh

Roadside plantation in Nepal The concept of bioengineering in road construction

was introduced in Nepal 40 years ago with roadside plantations in a US-assisted project on the DhangadhiDadeldhura highway in western Nepal.

It was later applied in the Lamosangu - Jiri highway in the country's central hills region, built with Swiss assistance.

Any Queries

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