A Blended Mobile Learning Model-Context Oriented (By Fernando Moreira)
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Transcript of A Blended Mobile Learning Model-Context Oriented (By Fernando Moreira)
10/15/2010
1
A Blended Mobile Learning Model-
Context Oriented (BML-CO)
Fernando [email protected]
Portugal6/10/2010
Overview
• Introduction
• Benefits of using a mobile device
• Blended Mobile Learning
• Mobile Learner Preferences
• Proposal
• Tools
• Final Considerations
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Introduction
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• What is Mobile learning (m_learning)?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KMAjCWVzA8Q
Benefits of using a mobile
device
• In-class use of mobile technologies
– Students
• Focus their learning on areas of weakness
• Diminish misunderstanding
• Enhanced learning
– Teachers
• Identify students’ misconceptions, challenges
• Adapt teaching practices
• Enhanced assessment and feedback
• Enhanced teaching
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Blended Learning Model
Adapted from Lanham (2007)
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Blended Mobile Learning
Adapted from Khaddge(2009)
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What we need?
• Pedagogical considerations of M_learning
– At this moment there isn’t a pedagogy theory for
mobile learning
• Contents
– Type
– How they should be made available to students?
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Context
• Learning context
– “Any information that can be used to characterize
the situation of learning entities that are
considered relevant to the interactions between a
learner and an application.” (Bahaskar, 2010)
– When?
– Where?
– Why?
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Mobile Learner Preferences
• Physical activity vs Learning content
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Physical
Activity
Context
Learning Content Type
Text Video Audio Image
Walking 11 0 16 0
Stationary 3 14 3 7
In a Group 4 3 0 20
Travelling 4 7 14 3
(Bahaskar, 2010)
Mobile Learner Preferences
• Place vs Learning content
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Location
context
Learning Content Type
Text Video Audio Image
Class Room 7 14 0 7
Lab 7 4 4 14
Library 18 0 0 14
Hostel/Home 4 21 4 11
Campus 18 4 7 7
Public Places 14 4 7 0
(Bahaskar, 2010)
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Proposal - assumptions
• BML model in the teaching / learning process
itself is not enough
• Constraints that the context may require
– Technological
• Wi-fi (Wireless Fidelity)
• 3G, HSPA, …
– Associated Costs
• Downloading materials using the institution's network
is very different to perform the same operation using
the telecom operator
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Proposal - architecture
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Proposal
• Learning contents
– The learning contents when it is read (text) or viewed
(image / video) or hear (audio), the student will not spend
more than 10 minutes of time with the learning activity
– Text
• Indication of how the theoretical concepts must be studied,
practical examples, and statements of problems to solve
– Image / video
• A set of video tutorials
– Audio
• Used small audio podcasts
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Contents video
• For example a Youtube video
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Lower than 10 minutes http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ZuWD2CBjgs
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Assessment
• The assessment is done in two ways
– Theoretical questions about the concepts through quizzes
that will always be different for each student
– Practical issues
• Process
– The system proposes a set of exercises about the learning
activity
– The student submits his solution to the tool associated with
class
– Whatever type of assessment the student receives an
immediate response, and thus can evaluate its performance.
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Proposal
• Learning content according to context
– The student who uses m-Learning is not stationary, so the
different learning activities should be conducted at times
and in different places.
– The learning contents should be distributed according to
the context in which the student are
– Contextual elements must be defined
• Time of day (morning, afternoon, evening)
• Type of day (week, weekend, holidays, vacation)
• Mobile device communication mode (wi-fi, 3G, etc…)
• Physical activity (stationary or moving)
• Learning place (home, school bus, train, ..., university, ...)
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Proposal
• Learning activities's log
– Information on learning activities is stored in the Learning
Management System (LMS)
– When a student receives or performs a learning activity is stored
a set of information that will to allow verify
• Time
• Place
• Duration
– It is necessary to take into consideration the place
• Stationary (in the cafeteria, bar, home)
• Walking (traveling between buildings on campus)
• Travel (home / institution, institution / home)
• Groups (study rooms, occasionally meetings, etc.)
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Proposal
• Tools
– LMS
• Moodle (http://moodle.org/)
• Mobile Learning Engine – MLE-Moodle (http://mle.sourceforge.net/mlemoodle/index.php)
– Application example
• Algorithms and programming
– Mooshack – is a system for managing programming contests
on the Web. This tool will be adapted to mobile devices. (http://mooshak.dcc.fc.up.pt/)
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Mobile Learning Engine
MLE-Moodle
• Main interface
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Mobile Learning Engine
MLE-Moodle
• Forums and exercises
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Mobile Learning Engine
MLE-Moodle
• Course features - Quizzes
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Application example
• Mooshak
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Final considerations
• A model is proposed which follows the principles of
BML with the use of mobile technologies
– Learning content,
– Learning content according to context
– Learning activities's log
– Delivery schedules
• Concern about costs
– Software open source
• In future the model will be implemented and tested
in a given teaching / learning context
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Some useful references
• Lanham, E. (2007): Supporting Blende Learning in na E-learning Evironment. Ph. D.
Thesis. Deakin University, Australia
• Khaddge, F., Lenham, E., and Zhou, W., “A Mobile Learning Model for Universities:
Re-Blending the Current Learning Environement”, iJIM – Volume 3, Special Issue
1:”ICML2009”, July 2009
• Mostakhdemin-Hosseini, A., “Analysis of Pedagogical Considerations of M-Learning
in Smart Devices”, iJIM – Volume 3, Issue 4, pp. 33-34, October 2009
• Paes, C., Moreira, F., "Aprendizagem com Dispositivos Móveis: Aspectos Técnicos e
Pedagógicos a Serem Considerados Num Sistema de Educação", Challenges 2007,
pp. 23-32, Maio de 2007, Braga, Portugal
• C. Paes, F. Moreira, "Dispositivos móveis: estratégia de gestão dos dispositivos na
sala de aula e o toolkit do professor ", Revista da Faculdade de Ciência e
Tecnologia da Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Julho de 2007, Porto, Portugal
• Bahaskar, N., Govindarajulu, P., “Advanced and Effective Learning in Context Aware
and Adaptative Mobile Learning Scenarios”, ”, iJIM – Volume 4, Issue 1, pp. 9-13,
January 2010
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A Blended Mobile Learning Model-
Context Oriented (BML-CO)
Fernando [email protected]
Portugal6/10/2010
Thank you for your attention.