9 coast and jungle malnutrition
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Transcript of 9 coast and jungle malnutrition
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
PEDRO RUIZ GALLO
HUMAN MEDICINE FACULTY
PROFFESSOR : DRA. ROSA GONZALES LLONTOP
STUDENTS:
BALLENA RÁZURI, LUIS ANDRÉ.
CORONADO VIDARTE, KRISTIAN ALBERT.
DÁVILA DÍAZ, JOB JOEL.
SALINAS GUTIÉRREZ , CINTHYA.
SUYÓN DELGADO, ALEXANDRA.
YONG CADENA, HUGO ALBERTO.
GROUP 09
MALNUTRITION IN THE PERUVIAN
COAST AND JUNGLE
CHRONIC MALNUTRITION
CHRONIC MALNUTRITION
is
an indicator of a country's development
Achieve its reduction will help
to ensure
the development
of
physical
intellectual emotional
social
Children
This indicator is determined by comparing the size of the
girl or boy with that expected for their age and
sex.
In the framework of the Budget Result, chronic malnutrition is an indicator of outcome and is used
to analyze the achievements Articulated Nutrition.
Standard Reference NCHS2 /
Chronic malnutrition is the state in which girls and boys,
are short relative to a reference population
reflects the cumulative
effects
inadequate food and nutrient
intake
repeated episodes of illness
and the interaction
between themFor 2007-2010 2010
the national chronic malnutrition has fallen
by 4.7 percentage points
from 22.6 to 17.9 percent
By 2010 a breakdown of children under five years of age in two
groups
shows that the proportion of chronic malnutrition is somewhat higher in the second age group,
19.4 percent versus 16.9 percent
for the group of under 36 months.
GRAPHIC No. 01 PERU: RATIO UNDER 5 chronic malnutrition, STANDARDIZED REFERENCE NCHS, 2000, 2007, 2009 AND 2010
the results
of the DHS 2007
DHS 2010
shows
a decrease Continuing, being much higher in
rural areas.Between 2007
and 2009
chronic malnutrition in urban areas rose from 11.8
percent to 10.1 percent
decreasing by 1.7 percentage points
while that in rural areas decreased from 36.9 to 31,
3 percent.
which means 5.6 percentage points.
By natural region, shows the trend found
in different investigations
concerning the behavior of the socioeconomic and
demographic variables related
to chronic malnutrition.
Mountain region
is the one with the highest percentage
chronic malnutrition
27.6 percent
of
21.7 percent
Coast region
which has the lowest
percentage
10.3 percent
Jungle region
GRAPHIC No. 02 PERU: RATIO UNDER 5 chronic malnutrition, BY AREA OF RESIDENCE AND NATURAL REGION, 2007, 2009 AND 2010
Resistance Area natural region
the education of the mother
Is one variable that influences the level of chronic malnutrition of
children
the higher the educational level
6.2 percent in children of mothers with higher
education
32 , 5 percent in those
malnutrition observed smaller percentage
of
primary education or no education.
with
TREATED WATER
Another variable associated
the level of chronic malnutrition is the
availability
withIS
The 25.3 percent of children under five years of age
with chronic malnutrition consume water without
treatment.
Chronic malnutrition is lower when consuming water treated
with chlorine residual
5.6 percent
meanwhile
that the 19.0 percent consume boiled water, public network
(17.5 percent)
and other sources (23 , 5 percent)
Wealth quintile
we can see
that the rates of chronic malnutrition are high in the
lowest quintile (35.9 percent)
in the second quintile
21.3 percent
corresponding to the top quintile only 2.9 per percent of children
with chronic malnutrition.
In 2010
girls and children under five years old living in the National Program of Direct Support to the poorest
TOGETHER
have more than twice the rate of chronic malnutrition
(38.0 percent)
which the whole country (17.9
percent)
In 2007, chronic malnutrition was 42.1
percent
in 2010 reached 38.0 percent
representing in this period decreased 4.1 percentage points.
Chronic malnutrition departmental
huan
cave
lica
caja
mar
ca
huan
uco
apur
imac
ayac
ucho
tacn
a
moq
uegu
alim
a0
10
20
30
40
50
Chronic malnutrition
Chronic M.
Tacna, Moquegua and Lima had the lowest levels of chronic
malnutrition (2.4, 4.8 and 6.2 percent respectively).
At the departmental level, higher
levels of chronic malnutrition in children under five years are
presented
taking into account the value of the national
baseline for this indicator (22.6 percent)
implemented in 2007, the results of the
Continuous DHS 2010
show that levels of malnutrition in eleven
departments are for above the baseline:
HuancavelicaCajamarcaHuánucoApurimacAyacuchoCuscoJunínLoreto PascoUcayaliAncash
In five departments, malnutrition levels are below the baseline but
higher than the goal to be reached in 2011 (16.0 percent)
AmazonasSan MartinLa
LibertadPiuraPuno
Meanwhile, eight departments that
show lower levels of malnutrition to 16, 0 percent, which is
the national goal.
Standard Reference OMS3 /
In 2006, the World Health Organization, recommended a
new benchmark known as WHO Patron
this pattern is more demanding in certain periods
of growth in children
resulting in the estimation of chronic malnutrition
using this pattern reference is greater than
the estimated NCHS4 pattern.
Using the OMS standard
chronic malnutrition affected 23.2 percent of children under five years
old
this would reflect a downward trend
when compared with 2007
which recorded 28.5 percent of
malnutrition chronic.
GRAPHIC No. 03 PERU: RATIO UNDER 5 chronic malnutrition, STANDARDIZED REFERENCE WHO, 2000, 2007, 2009 AND 2010
By area of residence
chronic malnutrition affected a greater proportion of girls and rural children (38.8
percent)
means, 2.8 times more than in urban areas (14.1 percent)
By natural region
the Sierra
has the highest proportion of chronic malnutrition (34.4
percent)
Forest region
(28.5 percent)
Lima metropolitan and the rest sub-region
has the lowest percentages Costa, 2000, 2007, 2009 AND
2010
(8.6 and 14.9 percent,
respectively)
On the other hand, chronic malnutrition affected more strongly to children of
mothers with no education and primary level (40.4 percent)
GRAPHIC No. 04 PERU: RATIO UNDER 5 chronic malnutrition, BY AREA OF RESIDENCE AND NATURAL REGION, 2007, 2009 AND 2010
Malnutrition
departmental
At the departmental
level
higher levels of chronic malnutrition in children under five years
using the OMS reference standard are
presented
Huancavelica (54.6 percent) Cajamarca (40.5 percent)Ayacucho (38.8 percent)Apurimac (38.6 percent)Huánuco (37.4 percent)
Conversely, Tacna, Moquegua and Lima had the lowest levels of chronic malnutrition (3.0, 5.7 and
8.9 percent respectively).
ANEMIA
Anemia is a condition in which blood lacks sufficient red blood cells.
An iron deficiency in the daily diet is more than half the total number of cases
of anemia.
Peru: Proportion of children from 6 to less than 36 months old with anemia as natural area, 2007, 2009 and 2010.
COAST HIGHLAND JUNGLE
SOURCE: INEI, National Population and Family Health DHS 2007, 2009 and 2010.
BREAST MILK
BREAST MILK
A
• Provides essential nutrients for the first 6 months of life
B• Immunization of
different diseases
C
• Its absence causes acute childhood malnutrition
GRAPHIC No. 01PERU: PROPORTION OF LESS THAN SIX MONTHS
Exclusively breastfed, 2007, 2009 AND 2010
MOUNTAINS
COAST JUNGLEURBAN RURAL
AREA OF RESIDENCE NATURAL REGION
SOURCE: INEI, National Population and Family Health DHS 2007, 2009 and 2010.
Forest, 77.6 percent, has the highest
proportion in contrast to that observed in the
Coast
ON THE COAST IS A GREATER
RISK FACTOR FOR MALNUTRITION DUE TO
LACK OF EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEE
DING
PREVALENCE OF INFECTION
ACUTE RESPIRATORY(IARs)
PREVALENCE OF INFECTIONACUTE RESPIRATORY(IARs)
A• Malnutrition decreases the
body's defenses
B
• Microorganisms infect the respiratory tract and the body has few defenses to combat
C
• The highest proportion of respiratory infections, is in the jungle and in urban areas
PREVALENCE OF INFECTIONACUTE RESPIRATORY(IARs)
GRAPHIC No. 02PERU: PROPORTION OF CHILDREN UNDER 36 MONTHS IN TWO WEEKS
PRIOR TO THE IAR HAD SURVEY BY AREA OF RESIDENCE ANDNATURAL AREA, 2007, 2009 AND 2010
URBAN RURAL COAST MOUNTAINS
JUNGLE
AREA OF RESIDENCE
NATURAL REGION
SOURCE: INEI, National Population and Family Health DHS 2007, 2009 and 2010.
NATIONALLY, THE HIGHEST PROPORTION OF UNDER-36 MONTHS
OF AGE WITH ARF ARE
PRESENTED INDEPARTMENT
S IN THE JUNGLE FROM THE COAST.
PREVALENCE OF DIARRHEA
defined by World Health Organization
DIARRHEAhaving three or more loose or
liquid stools per day, or as having more stools than is
normal for that person
It is a common cause of death in developing countries and the second most common cause of infant deaths worldwide
The loss of fluids through diarrhea
dehydration
electrolyte disturbances
can cause
In Peru the highest prevalence of diarrhea is
found in
Jungle
Mountain
children are less exposed to
disease
in rural and coastal areas
1 in 1.6 children will experience an
episode of rotavirus diarrhea
1 in 9.4 will
seek medical
care
1 in 19.7 will require hospitalizat
ion
1 in 375 will die of
the disease
Peruvian children In their first 5 years of life
IN A YEAR THIS REPRESENTS APPROXIMATELY
384,000 cases 64,000 clinic visits 30,000 hospitalizations 1,600 deaths
PREVALENCE OF DIARRHEA BY DEPARTMENT
Lore
to
San
Mar
tin
Mad
re d
e Dio
s
Amaz
onas
Pasc
o
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
Serie 1
Serie 3
LOW BIRTH WEIGHT
LOW BIRTH WEIGHT
Low-birthweight babies
newborns weighing less
than 2,500 grams
are
children who were born with a LBW
may experience
stunted growth
cognitive problems
chronic diseases in later life
• Low-birthweight babies (% of births) was:
• Its highest value over the past 25 years was 12.00 in 1986
• Its lowest value was 5.80 in 1995
IN PERU
8.00 as of 2010
PERU: PROPORTION OF LIVE BIRTHS IN THE LAST 5 YEARSPRIOR TO SURVEY WITH LOW BIRTH WEIGHT (<2.5 KG.), 2000,
2007, 2009 AND 2010
URBAN RURAL COAST MOUNTAINS
JUNGLE
AREA OF RESIDENCE
NATURAL REGION
PERU: PERCENTAGE OF LIVE BIRTHS IN THE LAST 5 YEARS PRIOR TO SURVEY WITH LOW BIRTH WEIGHT (<2.5 KG.), AS
AREA OF RESIDENCE AND NATURAL REGION 2007, 2009 AND 2010
• The proportion of newborns with LBW increased in rural areas (0.9 percentage point)
• decreased (0.7 percentage point) in the urban area.
When comparing with the ENDES 2007
JUNGLEpresents a proportion above the national average (8.8 percent)
HOUSEHOLDS WITH ACCESS TO TREATED
WATER
Water has a close relationship
with the life of the
People.
It is an essential agent or health
disease.
Households with access to treated water
Nationally, nine out of ten households (91.5 percent) have access to safe water.
According natural region, the proportion of households with access to water in the forest region is 75.3 percent.
COASTAL
REGION
MOUNTAINOUS REGION
JUNGLE REGION
SOURCE: INEI, National Population and Family Health DHS 2000, 2007, 2009 and 2010.