GENERATION OF

ELECTRICITY

THERMAL POWER STATION

GAS TURBINE POWER STATION

GEOTHERMAL POWER STATION

NUCLEAR POWER STATION

SOLAR ENERGY

BIOMASS POWER PLANT

WIND ENERGY

Transformers (sometimes called "voltage transformers") are devices used in electrical circuits to change the voltage of electricity flowing in the circuit. Transformers can be used either to increase the voltage (called "stepping up") or decrease the voltage ("step down").

A transformer is just a piece of iron with a pair of wires coiled around it - one with many more turns in the coil than the other. The coils of wire are not physically connected. The iron core is immersed in an insulating oil bath which does not conduct electricity well.

ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

Step up transforme

rTHERMAL POWER

STATIONNational grid

network

Main sub station

Light/heavy industries

Houses

HYDROELECTRIC POWER STATION

Switch zone

Heavy industry

Local sub station

275kV11kV

25kV

33kV11kV

240V

ELECTRICAL SUPPLY AND WIRING SYSTEM AT HOME

CABLE TYPE NOTE

LIVE/ACTIVE WIRE

Carries electricity into the house

NEUTRAL WIRE

Carries electricity from the house back to the power station.

TYPES OF CIRCUIT

1. LIGHTING CIRCUIT

2. RING MAIN CIRCUIT

3. POWER CIRCUIT

PARTS IN ELECTRICAL WIRING SYSTEM FUNCTION

1. LIVE WIRES Carries electricity from local substation to houses (240V)

2. NEUTRAL WIRES Completes electrical circuit from house back to local substation. (0V)

3. ELECTRICITY METER Measure how much electricity is used in the house

4. MAIN SWITCH Cut off main supply when doing major major repairing job in the house

5. FUSE Cuts off circuit if excess current passes through

6. CIRCUIT BREAKER Turn off electricity automatically if too much current/short circuit occurs

7. FUSE DISTRIBUTION BOX Distribution points for house electricity supply

ELCB

The power and voltage rating of home electrical appliances.

1.The rate at which an appliance uses energy is called power, measured in watts (J/s)2.The amount of current flowing through an electrical appliance:

POWER = VOLTAGE X CURRENT P = VI

3.Electrical energy used at home is measured by:ELECTRICAL ENERGY = POWER X TIME

(KwH) (Kw) (H)4. Cost of electrical used = total domestic units x tariff rate.

Cartridge fuse (1A, 2A, 5A, 10A, 13A)

Rewirable fuse (5A, 10A, 15A, 30A)

PRECAUTIONS IN ELECTRICITY

PRECAUTIONS IN ELECTRICITY

PRECAUTIONS IN ELECTRICITY