8. Predavanje - Skeleton Thoracis - Vlajkovic

7/26/2019 8. Predavanje - Skeleton Thoracis - Vlajkovic

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SKELETON THORACISSKELETON THORACIS

GRUDNA KOSTGRUDNA KOST(STERNUM)(STERNUM)

STERNUMSTERNUM

OsnovniOsnovni delovidelovi

1.1. DrDrka grudne kosti (manubriumka grudne kosti (manubriumsterni)sterni)

2.2. Telo grudne kosti (corpus sterni)Telo grudne kosti (corpus sterni)

3.3. MaMani nastavak (processusni nastavak (processusxiphoideus)xiphoideus)

STERNUMSTERNUM((manubriummanubrium sternisterni))

STERNUMSTERNUM(corpus(corpus sternisterni))

STERNUMSTERNUM((processusprocessusxiphoideusxiphoideus))

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Ugao grudne kosti (angulus sterni)Ugao grudne kosti (angulus sterni) nanaspoju drspoju drke i tela u nivou useka II rebarneke i tela u nivou useka II rebarne

hrskavicehrskavice

STERNUMSTERNUM(napred, bo(napred, bono i pozadi)no i pozadi)

1.1. Incisura jugularisIncisura jugularis

2.2. Incisura clavicularisIncisura clavicularis

3.3. Incisurae costalesIncisurae costales(4. Sternebrae = ekvivalent(4. Sternebrae = ekvivalentprprljena)ljena)

5. M. sternocleidomastoideus5. M. sternocleidomastoideus

6. M. pectoralis major6. M. pectoralis major

7. M. rectus abdominis7. M. rectus abdominis

8. M. sternohyoideus8. M. sternohyoideus

9. M. sternothyroideus9. M. sternothyroideus

10. M. transversus thoracis10. M. transversus thoracis

11. Pars sternalis11. Pars sternalisdiaphragmatisdiaphragmatis

STERNUMSTERNUM

STERNUMSTERNUM((pripojpripoj mimiiia na zadnjoja na zadnjojstrani grudne kosti:strani grudne kosti:

M. sternohyoideusM. sternohyoideusM. sternothyroideusM. sternothyroideusM. transversus thoracisM. transversus thoracisM. transversus abdominisM. transversus abdominisPars sternalis diaphragmatisPars sternalis diaphragmatis

REBRO (COSTA)REBRO (COSTA)

COSTAECOSTAE

11--7 = COSTAE VERAE7 = COSTAE VERAE

88--12 = COSTAE SPURIAE12 = COSTAE SPURIAE

(11(11--12 = Costae12 = Costaefluctuantes)fluctuantes)

Spatia intercostaliaSpatia intercostalia



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COSTACOSTA (TYPICA*)(TYPICA*)

1.1. TELO (CORPUS COSTAE)TELO (CORPUS COSTAE)1.1. Gornja i donja ivica1.1. Gornja i donja ivica

1.2. Spolja1.2. Spoljanja i unutranja i unutranjanjastranastrana

2.2. PREDNJI KRAJPREDNJI KRAJ(extremitas sternalis(extremitas sternalis*)*)

3.3. ZADNJI KRAJ (ZADNJI KRAJ (extremitasextremitasvertebralisvertebralis*)*)

3.1. Caput costae3.1. Caput costae3.2.3.2. CollumCollum costaecostae3.3.3.3. TuberculumTuberculum costaecostae4.4. REBARNI UGAOREBARNI UGAO

(ANGULUS COSTAE)(ANGULUS COSTAE)

COSTA (TYPICA)COSTA (TYPICA)

1.1. Caput costaeCaput costae

2.2. Collum costaeCollum costae

3.3. Tuberculum costaeTuberculum costae4.4. Facies articularisFacies articularis

tuberculi costaetuberculi costae

5.5. Angulus costaeAngulus costae

6.6. Corpus costaeCorpus costae

(7. Prednji rebarni ugao)(7. Prednji rebarni ugao)

8. Sulcus costae8. Sulcus costae

COSTACOSTA-- GornjaGornja ivicaivica ii spoljnaspoljna stranastrana telatela

rebrarebra (corpus(corpus costae)costae) --

COSTACOSTA-- UnutraUnutranja strana inja strana i leb (sleb (sulcusulcus

costae)costae) uz donju ivicu rebrauz donju ivicu rebra --

SULCUS COSTAESULCUS COSTAECOSTACOSTA

-- Caput et facies articularis capitisCaput et facies articularis capitiscostaecostae --

((zadnjizadnji krajkraj rebrarebra))



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COSTACOSTA-- CollumCollum etet cristacrista collicolli

((zadnjizadnji krajkraj rebrarebra))

COSTACOSTA-- TuberculumTuberculum etet faciesfacies articularisarticularis

tuberculituberculi costaecostae((zadnjizadnji krajkraj rebrarebra))

COSTACOSTA((AngulusAngulus costae)costae) COSTAE (ATYPICAE*)COSTAE (ATYPICAE*)

1.1. COSTA PRIMA (I)COSTA PRIMA (I)

2.2. COSTA SECUNDA (II)COSTA SECUNDA (II)

3.3. COSTA UNDECIMA (XI)COSTA UNDECIMA (XI)

4.4. COSTA DUODECIMA (XII)COSTA DUODECIMA (XII)

COSTA PRIMA (I)COSTA PRIMA (I)

2. Collum costae2. Collum costae

3. Tuberculum costae3. Tuberculum costae

4. Tuberculum m. scaleni4. Tuberculum m. scalenianteriorisanterioris

5. M. scalenus medius5. M. scalenus medius6. M. scalenus posterior6. M. scalenus posterior

7. M. subclavius7. M. subclavius

8. V. subclavia8. V. subclavia

9. A. subclavia9. A. subclavia

10. Truncus inferior plexus10. Truncus inferior plexusbrachialisbrachialis

(C8 et T1)(C8 et T1)

COSTA PRIMACOSTA PRIMA



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COSTA SECUNDACOSTA SECUNDA COSTAE XICOSTAE XI--XIIXII

SKELETONSKELETON THORACISTHORACIS--VERTEBRAE THORACICAEVERTEBRAE THORACICAE --

-- COSTAECOSTAE --((zadnjazadnja stranastrana skeletaskeleta grudnoggrudnog kokoa)a)

PRPRLJEN (VERTEBRA)LJEN (VERTEBRA)

COLUMNA VERTEBRALISCOLUMNA VERTEBRALIS

1.1. VERTEBRAE CERVICALESVERTEBRAE CERVICALES

(CI(CI CVII)CVII)

2.2. VERTEBRAE THORACICAEVERTEBRAE THORACICAE

(TI(TI TXII)TXII)

3.3. VERTEBRAE LUMBALESVERTEBRAE LUMBALES(LI(LI LV)LV)

4. OS SACRUM (VERTEBRAE4. OS SACRUM (VERTEBRAESACRALES ISACRALES IV)V)

5. OS COCCYGIS; COCCYX5. OS COCCYGIS; COCCYX(VERTEBRAE COCCYGEAE I(VERTEBRAE COCCYGEAE IIV)IV)

VERTEBRA (TYPICA)VERTEBRA (TYPICA)

CorpusCorpusArcus vertebraeArcus vertebrae

(laminae et pediculi)(laminae et pediculi) Processus tProcessus transversransversii Processus spinosusProcessus spinosus Processus articularesProcessus articulares

(Zygapophyses)(Zygapophyses)superiores etsuperiores etinferioresinferiores

Foramen vForamen vertebralertebralee



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VERTEBRA THORACICAVERTEBRA THORACICA(pogled sa gornje strane)(pogled sa gornje strane)

1.1. Corpus vertebraeCorpus vertebrae

2.2. Facies intervertebralis sup.Facies intervertebralis sup.

3.3. Epiphysis anularisEpiphysis anularis4.4. Fovea costalis sup.Fovea costalis sup.

5.5. Pediculus arcus vertebraePediculus arcus vertebrae

6.6. Lamina arcus vertebraeLamina arcus vertebrae

7.7. Foramen vertebraleForamen vertebrale

8.8. Processus transversusProcessus transversus

9.9. Fovea costalis processusFovea costalis processustransversitransversi

10.10. Processus spinosusProcessus spinosus

11.11. Processus articularis sup.Processus articularis sup.

(12. Sulcus vertebralis)(12. Sulcus vertebralis)

VERTEBRA THORACICAVERTEBRA THORACICA(bo(boni aspekt)ni aspekt)

1.1. Facies intervertebralis sup.Facies intervertebralis sup.

2.2. Prednja strana tela prPrednja strana tela prljenaljena

3.3. Zadnja strana tela prZadnja strana tela prljenaljena

4.4. Fovea costalis superiorFovea costalis superior

5.5. Fovea costalis inferiorFovea costalis inferior

6.6. Pediculus arcus vertebraePediculus arcus vertebrae

7.7. Processus articularis sup.Processus articularis sup.

8.8. Processus articularis inf.Processus articularis inf.

9.9. Processus transversusProcessus transversus

10.10. Processus spinosusProcessus spinosus

11.11. Foramen intervertebraleForamen intervertebrale

12.12. Facies intervertebralis inf.Facies intervertebralis inf.

CORPUS VERTEBRAECORPUS VERTEBRAE((FaciesFacies intervertebralisintervertebralis))

CORPUS VERTEBRAECORPUS VERTEBRAE(Fovea costalis superior)(Fovea costalis superior)

VERTEBRAVERTEBRA-- PediculusPediculus arcusarcus vertebrae etvertebrae etincisuraincisura vertebralisvertebralis superiorsuperior

((obostranoobostrano))

VERTEBRAVERTEBRA((LaminaeLaminae arcusarcus vertebrae)vertebrae)



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VERTEBRAVERTEBRA(Foramen(Foramen vertebralevertebrale))

PROCESSUSPROCESSUS // FACIES ARTICULARISFACIES ARTICULARISSUPERIORSUPERIOR etet INFERIORINFERIOR

VERTEBRAVERTEBRA((ProcessusProcessus transversitransversi))

VERTEBRAVERTEBRA((ProcessusProcessus spinosusspinosus))

VERTEBRAE THORACICAEVERTEBRAE THORACICAE(T I(T I T XII)T XII)

VERTEBRA THORACICA PRIMAVERTEBRA THORACICA PRIMA(T I)(T I)



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VERTEBRA THORACICA DECIMAVERTEBRA THORACICA DECIMA(T X)(T X)

VERTEBRA THORACICA UNDECIMAVERTEBRA THORACICA UNDECIMA(T XI)(T XI)

VERTEBRA THORACICA DUODECIMAVERTEBRA THORACICA DUODECIMA(T XII)(T XII)

COLUMNA VERTEBRALISCOLUMNA VERTEBRALIS

I.I. CURVATURACURVATURA

PRIMARIAPRIMARIA

II--1.1. KyphosisKyphosisthoracicathoracica

II--2.2. KyphosisKyphosissacralissacralis

II. CURVATURAEII. CURVATURAE

SECUNDARIAESECUNDARIAE

IIII--1.1. LordosisLordosiscerviciscervicis

IIII--2.2. LordosisLordosislumbalislumbalis

CURVATURAE COLUMNAECURVATURAE COLUMNAEVERTEBRALISVERTEBRALIS



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SCOLIOSISSCOLIOSIS

MorfoloMorfolokuku

slikusliku

kikimenog stuba imenog stuba igrudnoggrudnog

kokoa u skoliozia u skoliozikarakterikarakteriee

ttipiipina distorzijana distorzijaprprljenaljena

i rebara.i rebara.

VERTEBRAVERTEBRA(Rezime)(Rezime)

OsnovniOsnovni delovidelovi::1. Corpus vertebrae1. Corpus vertebrae1.1.1.1. FaciesFacies intervertebralisintervertebralis1.2. Epiphysis1.2. Epiphysis anularisanularis2.2.ArcusArcusvertebraevertebrae2.1.2.1. PediculusPediculus arcusarcus vertebraevertebrae2.1.1.2.1.1. IncisuraIncisura vertebralisvertebralis superiorsuperior2.1.2.2.1.2. IncisuraIncisura vertebralisvertebralis inferiorinferior2.2. Lamina2.2. Lamina arcusarcus vertebraevertebrae33.. ForamenForamen vertebralevertebrale4.4.ProcessusProcessustransversitransversi5.5. ProcessusProcessusarticularisarticularissuperior;superior;

((ZygapophysisZygapophysissuperiorsuperior))5.1.5.1. FaciesFacies articularisarticularis superiorsuperior6.6. ProcessusProcessusarticularisarticularisinferior;inferior;

((ZygapophysisZygapophysisinferiorinferior))6.1.6.1. FaciesFacies articularisarticularis inferiorinferior7.7. ProcessusProcessusspinosusspinosus

VERTEBRAE THORACICAEVERTEBRAE THORACICAEATYPICAEATYPICAE** (I, IX(I, IX--XII)XII)

ZGLOBOVI GRUDNOG KOZGLOBOVI GRUDNOG KOAA

IIARTT. VERTEBRALESARTT. VERTEBRALES1. Symphysis1. Symphysisintervertebralisintervertebralis2. Artt. zygapophysiales2. Artt. zygapophysiales3. Syndesmoses3. Syndesmosesintervertebrales:intervertebrales:-- ligg. flavaligg. flava-- ligg. interspinalialigg. interspinalia-- ligg. supraspinalialigg. supraspinalia-- ligg. intertransversarialigg. intertransversaria

IIIIARTT. THORACISARTT. THORACIS1. Artt. costovertebrales:1. Artt. costovertebrales:--Art. capitis costaeArt. capitis costae

--Art. costotransversariaArt. costotransversaria2. Synchondrosis2. Synchondrosismanubriosternalismanubriosternalis3. Synchondrosis3. Synchondrosisxiphisternalisxiphisternalis4. Artt. sternocostales4. Artt. sternocostales5. Artt. costochondrales5. Artt. costochondrales6. Artt. interchondrales6. Artt. interchondrales

SYNDESMOSES ET SYMPHYSESSYNDESMOSES ET SYMPHYSESINTERVERTEBRALESINTERVERTEBRALES(na bo(na bonom aspektu)nom aspektu)

1.1. DiscusDiscus

intervertebralisintervertebralis

2.2. Lig. interspinaleLig. interspinale

3.3. Lig. supraspinaleLig. supraspinale

(4. Foramen(4. Foramenintervertebrale)intervertebrale)

ARTT. ZYGAPOPHYSIALES etARTT. ZYGAPOPHYSIALES etSYNDESMOSES INTERVERTEBRALESSYNDESMOSES INTERVERTEBRALES

1. LIGG. FLAVA1. LIGG. FLAVA

Prednja ivicaPrednja ivica -- zglobovi zglobnihzglobovi zglobnihnastavakanastavaka

Zadnje iviceZadnje ivice -- prednja ivica lig.prednja ivica lig.

interspinaleinterspinaleGornja ivicaGornja ivica -- prednja strana laminaeprednja strana laminaearcus vertebraearcus vertebrae

Donja ivicaDonja ivica -- zadnja strana laminaezadnja strana laminaearcus vertebraearcus vertebrae

Prednja stranaPrednja strana -- dura materdura mater

Zadnja stranaZadnja strana -- mimiiii dorzalnihi dorzalnih lebovalebova

2. LIGG. INTERSPINALIA2. LIGG. INTERSPINALIA

3. capsula articularis ART.3. capsula articularis ART.ZYGAPOPHYSIALISZYGAPOPHYSIALIS

4. LIG. SUPRASPINALE4. LIG. SUPRASPINALE



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SYMPHYSIS INTERVERTEBRALISSYMPHYSIS INTERVERTEBRALIS(discus intervertebralis)(discus intervertebralis)

Zglobne povrZglobne povrine:ine:

--Facies intervertebralisFacies intervertebralisinferiorinferior

--Facies intervertebralisFacies intervertebralissuperiorsuperior

--discus intervertebralisdiscus intervertebralis

(umetnut)(umetnut)

Osnovni delovi discusOsnovni delovi discus--a:a:

1.1.Anulus fibrosusAnulus fibrosus

2.2.Nucleus pulposusNucleus pulposus

DISCUS INTERVERTEBRALISDISCUS INTERVERTEBRALIS

Corpus vertebrae

For. intervertebrale

LIG. LONGITUDINALE ANTERIUSLIG. LONGITUDINALE ANTERIUS((iroka i debela veza, pripaja se za prednju stranu telairoka i debela veza, pripaja se za prednju stranu tela

prprljenova i diskuse, spreljenova i diskuse, spreava hiperekstenziju)ava hiperekstenziju)

LIG. LONGITUDINALE POSTERIUSLIG. LONGITUDINALE POSTERIUS(uska i tanka veza, pripaja se samo za zadnju stranu diskusa,(uska i tanka veza, pripaja se samo za zadnju stranu diskusa,

limitira hiperfleksiju)limitira hiperfleksiju)

Lig. longitudinaleposterius

DISCUS HERNIADISCUS HERNIA

1.1. DiscusDiscusintervertebralisintervertebralis

2.2. Lig. longitudinaleLig. longitudinale

anteriusanterius3.3. Lig. longitudinaleLig. longitudinale

posteriusposterius

4.4. Ligg. interspinaliaLigg. interspinalia

5.5. Lig. supraspinaleLig. supraspinale

6.6. (Medulla spinalis(Medulla spinaliset nn. spinales)et nn. spinales)

ARTT. COSTOVERTEBRALESARTT. COSTOVERTEBRALES(Art. capitis costae;(Art. capitis costae;

Art. costotransversaria)Art. costotransversaria)



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ART. CAPITIS COSTAEART. CAPITIS COSTAE

ZGLOBNE POVRZGLOBNE POVRINEINE Fovea costalis superiorFovea costalis superior

et inferioret inferior

Discus intervertebralisDiscus intervertebralis

Facies articularis capitisFacies articularis capitiscostaecostae

LIGAMENTALIGAMENTA Lig. capitis costaeLig. capitis costae

radiatumradiatum

Lig. capitis costae intraLig. capitis costae intra--articularearticulare

ART. COSTOTRANSVERSARIAART. COSTOTRANSVERSARIA

ZGLOBNE POVRZGLOBNE POVRINEINE

Facies articularis tuberculi costaeFacies articularis tuberculi costae Fovea costalis processusFovea costalis processustransversitransversi

VEZEVEZE Lig costotransversariumLig costotransversarium Lig. costotransversarium superiusLig. costotransversarium superius Lig. costotransversarium lateraleLig. costotransversarium laterale

PREDNJA GRUPA ZGLOBOVAPREDNJA GRUPA ZGLOBOVAGRUDNOGGRUDNOG KOKOAA

Synchondrosis manubriosternalisSynchondrosis manubriosternalis

Synchondrosis xiphisternalisSynchondrosis xiphisternalis

Artt. sternocostalesArtt. sternocostales(Ligg. sternocostalia radiata(Ligg. sternocostalia radiata--

--Membrana sterni;Membrana sterni;Lig. sternocostale intraLig. sternocostale intra--articulare;articulare;Ligg. costoxiphoidea)Ligg. costoxiphoidea)

Artt. costochondralesArtt. costochondrales

Artt. interchondralesArtt. interchondrales

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8. Predavanje - Skeleton Thoracis - Vlajkovic

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