7th Grade Lesson Plans Wednesday

Putnam CountyMiddle School 7th Grade Social Studies

Southern and Eastern Asia

Standards

• SS7G12 The student will analyze the diverse cultures of the people who live in Southern and Eastern Asia.– a. Explain the differences between an ethnic group

and a religious group.– b. Compare and contrast the prominent religions in

Southern and Eastern Asia: Buddhism, Hinduism, Islam, Shintoism and the philosophy of Confucianism.

– c. Evaluate how the literacy rate affects the standard of living.

Diverse Cultures of South and East Asia


What Religion

?

Where?


• Ethnic Group– a social group or category of the population that,

in a larger society, is set apart and bound together by common ties of race, language, nationality, or culture.

• Religious Group– A set of individuals whose identity as such is

distinctive in terms of common religious creed, beliefs, doctrines, practices, or rituals

Can they be the same? Are they the same?

http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/551180/social-differentiation


Wait how can both Buddhism and Shintoism be dominant in the same locations?

Would Kurdistan be an ethnic or religious group?

Diverse Cultures of South and East AsiaBUDDHISM

Buddhism is a philosophy, a moral code, and, for some a religious faith which originated 2,500 years ago in India. It offers a moral code based on compassion and non-violence. Buddhism provides a path to reach a deeper understanding of the nature of reality. Buddhism offers a practical way to connect with everyday life and with others. Today, an estimated 500 million people follow one of the many varieties of Buddhism.

Started by prince Siddhartha Gautama around 563 – 483? BC in north eastern India


BUDDHISM THE FOUR NOBLE TRUTHSThe first truth is that life

always incorporates sufferingThe second noble truth is that

suffering in its broad sense, comes from desire

The third noble truth tells us that if our attachment to

desire ends, so too will the suffering

The fourth noble truth shows the way to the ending of

suffering

Diverse Cultures of South and East AsiaBUDDHISM

THE EIGHTFOLD PATHRight

Understanding Right Intent

Right SpeechRight Action

Right LivelihoodRight Effort

Right MindfulnessRight

Concentration.

Diverse Cultures of South and East AsiaHINDUISM

The word 'Hinduism ‘ does not appear anywhere in Hindu scriptures, The proper name for Hinduism is ‘Sanatan Dharma’ Sanatan = eternal Dharma = religion.

Hinduism is the world’s third biggest religion. It has about 900 million followers. About 20 million Hindus live outside India. All the rest live in India, where the religion was born.

Hinduism is one of the world’s oldest religions, but it has no founder. It grew slowly out of the beliefs and practice of ancient tribes. These tribes, the Indo-Aryans, entered India around 3000 BC.

Hindus believe every living thing has a soul. They say that after death, each soul gets born again into a different body. This is called reincarnation. People are rewarded for each good deed and punished for each bad one this is called karma.


Hinduism has no central book, like the Bible. Instead, it has many sacred texts. Together, these books are called the Vedas. They contain hymns and religious instruction. They also discuss how to live a good life and achieve union with Brahman


Hinduism is not just a religion but a way of life as well. Hindus have rituals for every life activity. These rituals cover eating, sleeping, and working as well as love, marriage, and friendship.This way of life unfolds within something called the caste system. A caste is a group of people with a certain status. Some castes are higher and some lower. Hindus believe in marrying only others of their own caste. Everyone is born into a caste. According to Hinduism, people cannot move to a different caste within their lifetime. They must wait until death. After that, they may be reborn into a higher (or lower) caste.

Diverse Cultures of South and East AsiaIslam

Islam began historically on the Arabian peninsula, in the towns of Mecca and Medina (near the west coast inland from the Red Sea). Muhammad (570-632 AD)

The Qur’an (sometimes spelled “Koran”) is the Holy Book of Islam, the written record of God’s revelation. It means “recital.” Muslims believe that the Qur’an was composed by God and recited by Muhammad in Arabic over a period of 23 years.

Today Muslims live in all parts of the world, are of many different races and nationalities, and speak many different languages. There are approximately one billion Muslims in the world, but only about 180 million Arabs—and not all Arabs are Muslims. So, while Islam began among Arabs, Arab Muslims are now the minority.


THERE ARE FIVE PILLARS OF PRACTICE TESTIMONY (shahada). Muslims declare, “I bear witness that there is no god but God, and Muhammad is the Messenger of God.” PRAYER (salat). Five times a day, using a set pattern of postures and texts. CHARITY (zakat). Returning 2.5% of one’s wealth to the community each year. FASTING (sawm). Abstinence from food and drink from sunrise to sunset during the month of Ramadan in the Islamic lunar calendar. PILGRIMAGE (hajj). A journey to Mecca during the 12th month of the Islamic lunar calendar once in one’s lifetime, health and resources permitting.


Sunni Muslims / Shi’i MuslimsSunni believe that the leader is the rightly guided one, (the best qualified)Shi’i believe that the leader should be of Muhammad's blood line.

Diverse Cultures of South and East AsiaSHINTOISM

Shinto is the native religion in Japan with its roots stretching back to 500 B.C., and is a poly-theistic one venerating almost any natural objectsranging from mountains, rivers, water, rocks, trees, to dead notables. In other words, it is based on animism. Natural wonders make the Japanese believe, out of an awe or reverence, that such wonders are created by the mighty, super-natural powers, and the ghost of a deity dwells in such objects. The sun is most appealing to Japanese and the Sun Goddess is regarded as the principal deity of Shinto

TORII – Gates of Purification

Diverse Cultures of South and East AsiaSHINTOISM

There are "Four Affirmations“ in Shinto:

Tradition and the family: The family is seen as the main mechanism by which traditions are preserved. Their main celebrations relate to birth and marriage.Love of nature: Nature is sacred; to be in contact with nature is to be close to the Gods. Natural objects are worshipped as sacred spirits.Physical cleanliness: Followers of Shinto take baths, wash their hands, and rinse out their mouth often."Matsuri": The worship and honor given to the Kami and ancestral spirits.

Symbol for Shinto Shrine


(the Great Sun Buddha)

In general, Shinto has no canon of written scriptures like the Bible or the Koran, though ceremonial prayer called norito (a formulary statement addressed to the deity) is chanted by shrine priests.

The Kami are the Shinto deities. The word "Kami" is generally translated "god" or "gods." However, the Kami bear little resemblance to the gods of monotheistic religions. There are no concepts which compare to the Christian beliefs in the wrath of God, his omnipotence and omni-presence, or the separation of God from humanity due to sin.

Diverse Cultures of South and East AsiaCONFUCIANISM

Confucius, whose Chinese name was Kong Qiu (K'ung Ch'iu), was born around 552 B.C.E. and died in 479 B.C.E. Confucius's ideas became well known only after his death. Confucius left no writings, although the "Five Classics" of Chinese literature are traditionally attributed to him as writer or editor. Han Feizi's philosophy was of profound importance to the Qin emperor who first unified China in 221 B.C.E. His "Confucianism," which emphasized strict regulations and obedience to authority. Confucianism, along with Taoism and Buddhism, has been blamed for China's inability to compete with the West during the 19th and 20th centuries. Confucianism has also been praised as the key to China's unique cultural heritage and strong social order.

Diverse Cultures of South and East AsiaCONFUCIANISM

Confucius did not deny the existence of a reality beyond the human world, but he said that the nature of ultimate reality of divinities are beyond human capacity to understand. Human morals should therefore be based on human relationships, without reference to some higher order.

According to some interpretations of Confucianism, suffering and evil are inevitable in human life, and can promote learning and growth. A mistake is not a "sin," but an opportunity to learn and do better next time. Empathy for the suffering of others also provides motivation to grow morally, but not all humans are capable of empathy.

Confucius was a strong advocate for ritual. He believed that participation in ritual served to unite people and strengthen the human community.

To live one's life as the best person one can be, to constantly strive to cultivate one's character, and to act according to one's proper role within the human community -- these are the daily devotional activities of one who is trained under the Confucian system.

Diverse Cultures of South and East AsiaLITERACY RATES

Literacy is vital for beating poverty and disease and reinforcing stability – UN

8 September 2011 – With nearly 800 million people unable to read or write, the United Nations today marked International Literacy Day with a warning that illiteracy undermines efforts to eliminate a host of social ills such as poverty and sickness and threatens the very stability of nations. “The costs are enormous,” Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon said in a message. “Illiteracy exacerbates cycles of poverty, ill-health and deprivation. It weakens communities and undermines democratic processes through marginalization and exclusion. These and other impacts can combine to destabilize societies.” Mr. Ban noted that despite progress, illiteracy continues to afflict millions of people, especially women and girls. In 2009, roughly two thirds of the world’s estimated 793 million illiterate adults were female. That same year, some 67 million primary school-aged children and 72 million adolescents were denied their right to an education, he added. “Literacy unlocks the capacity of individuals to imagine and create a more fulfilling future. It opens the way to greater justice, equality and progress. Literacy can help societies heal, advance political processes and contribute to the common good,” he declared.


Low levels of literacy, and education in general, can impede the economic development of a country in the current rapidly changing, technology-driven world.

Country Total Population Male Population Female PopulationJapan 99.0% 99.0% 99.0%

North Korea 99.0% 99.0% 99.0%South Korea 97.9% 99.2% 96.6%

Vietnam 94.0% 96.1% 92.0%China 92.2% 96.0% 88.5%

Indonesia 90.4% 94.0% 86.8%Cambodia 73.6% 84.7% 64.1%

Laos 73.0% 83.0% 63.0%India 61.0% 73.4% 47.8%Nepal 48.6% 62.7% 34.9%Bhutan 47.0% 60.0% 34.0%

Literacy Rate as defined by CIA World Fact BookDefinition: age 15 and over that can read and write


In India, there are less than 93 women for every 100 men in the population. The accepted reason for such a disparity is the practice of female infanticide in India, prompted by the existence of a dowry system which requires the family to pay out a great deal of money when a female child is married. For a poor family, the birth of a girl child can signal the beginning of financial ruin and extreme hardship.

More than ½ of Delhi’s population live in slums

The discrimination is not limited to unborn or recently born females in India. When a husband dies, the widow is supposed to die with her. Millions follow this tradition every year. Thousands are burnt alive against their will. Hundreds survive and show up in Trauma Centers in the cities.

The situation is even worse regarding educating these children. India, which is estimated to have some 432 million illiterate people, must give top priority to compulsory elementary education for social and economic growth to occur. 64 percent of Indian men are literate, but fewer than two out of five women can read and write. About 41 percent of Indian girls under the age of 14 do not attend school.


• Assignment:– Pick a new religion, write down a 1 page essay on

where they might live, what language they may speak, and what rights they might have.

– Boy have to pretend to be girls and girls have to pretend to be boys.

– To be handed in Friday.


• SS7G12 The student will analyze the diverse cultures of the people who live in Southern and Eastern Asia.– a. Explain the differences between an ethnic group

and a religious group.– b. Compare and contrast the prominent religions in

Southern and Eastern Asia: Buddhism, Hinduism, Islam, Shintoism and the philosophy of Confucianism.

– c. Evaluate how the literacy rate affects the standard of living.

7th Grade Lesson Plans Wednesday

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