5 Major Diseases and Treatments

8/4/2019 5 Major Diseases and Treatments

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5 Major Health Diseases and

Treatments


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Nose reshaping - a discussion about Rhinoplasty

The plastic surgery by which the nose of an individual is re-structured is calledRhinoplasty and in laymen terms, it t is understood as Nose reshaping. The operationmay be carried out to improve the shape of the nose. This can be done to make theindividual look visually more appealing or for medical reasons like breathing difficulty.For such patients, a nose job improves the breathing activity.

Before the Plastic surgeon operates upon you, there will be a discussion about yourexpectations, fitness to undergo the surgery, your medical history and what the results ofthe nose reshaping would be like. With improved technologies like computer imaging, itis easy to get an idea about the final outcome. One can also visit the internet and talk todoctors online, much before your scheduled appointment with the plastic surgeon, so as

to get an idea about what to expect from the procedure.

People of any age group can volunteer for a nose reshaping procedure. However, aminimum age restriction of 13 years for girls and 15 years for boys is prescribed. This isbecause during adolescence and puberty, the body structures may not be fully developed.Further still, it is important that the individual personally opts for such a surgicalprocedure himself and is not influenced by peers or parents; as is possible at young age.


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Plastic surgeries are often not covered in the medical insurance policies. Typically, thecost for Rhinoplasty may range from about $4000 to $7000 depending on factors such asthe complexity of the operation, the surgeon performing the procedure and the location oftreatment. After the procedure you may have to keep your face upwards to avoidincreased swelling. Regions near your eyes and nasal area can be slightly bruised and

swollen. The patient may also experience pain but generally, this can be controlled withpainkillers. Within a week or two all the dressings and stiches will be removed and youshall be able to indulge in normal activities comfortably after at most 4 weeks.

The effects of nose reshaping are permanent and ever lasting. The main goal ofundergoing the procedure is to create a balance in your facial statistics. Once you havecompleted your research and contemplated the consequences, you can schedule a nasalconsultation and make decision about a nose re-shape, yourself. There is plenty ofinformation available on the internet and book stores. Put in efforts and make aninformed decision.

Anemia - The RBC Deficiency & Pregnancy

Anemia is a term derived from the Greek anaimia meaning the lack of blood. Anemia isactually the lack of RBC - red blood cells or the lack of hemoglobin in the blood. Thehemoglobin is found inside the RBCs and it carries oxygen to the tissues from the lungs.As the quantity of hemoglobin decreases, there is a lack of oxygen in the organs acondition called hypoxia. The varying degree of anemia has different consequences.The most common disorder of blood is anemia, and it is of several kinds caused due tovarious underlying reasons. Anemia can be mainly categorized into deficient RBCproduction, excessive blood loss and excessive blood cell destruction.
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The low count of red blood cells causes a variety of signs and symptoms and can makeany other underlying medical condition worse. Anemia symptoms may include weakness,light-headedness, paleness, fatigue, shortness of breath, palpitations while severe anemiasymptoms may be dizziness, passing out, chest pain, rapid heart rate, angina or heartattack. Presence of anemia may be felt due to symptoms like change in stool color, low

BP, jaundice, spleen enlargement or rapid breathing.

Anemia during pregnancy is a common occurrence among women as the demand forvitamins and iron increases in the body. It is necessary for a mother to increase theproduction of RBCs in the body which is also used by the placenta and the fetus. Thebody starts producing more RBCs and plasma but the increase is not proportionate. Theplasma amount is disproportionately greater than the RBCS and hence blood is diluted.As the RBCs are lesser, there is a fall in hemoglobin concentration. In such cases,medical products like iron supplement pills and medical tests like serum ferritin is thebest way to keep a check. Iron deficiency may also be caused due to a low-iron diet, lackof folic acid in the diet or loss of blood due to bleeding from piles or ulcers.

A pregnant woman will generally not have anemia symptoms except when thehemoglobin is below 8g/dl. Starting with paleness and tiredness, the mother mayexperience palpitations or chest pain if anemia is severe (hemoglobin drops to 6g/dl).Pregnant women should take care about anemia by emphasizing on varied diet,consulting the doctor about food and supplements intake during pregnancy, intake ofgood sources of iron and supplements of iron, vitamins and especially folic acid, so thatthe child does not suffer from the problem of spina bifida. Pregnancy is a fragilecondition and one should be very careful and alert. Rest and proper food always proves tobe good for the child.

Colonoscopy Procedure The Risks Involved

The colon is the posterior part of the digestive canal which is involved in absorption ofliquids and nutrients from the solid wastes before excretion. It is hence, and importantpart of the digestive system. The colonoscopy procedure is carried out when this distalpart of the alimentary canal needs to be examined for signs of cancers, ulcers, fistulas orany other such anomalies. Often, patients have the misconception that the examination iscarried out only for Colon cancer; but this is not true.

In most cases, the colonoscopy procedure is safe and complications are seldom seen. Thecolonoscopy instrument called the colonoscope - is entered into the anus and monitored

technically. The device records images of the colon as well as helps in clearing blockagesand polyps or to take a biopsy of tissues for studying. The process is relatively painlessand but sometimes complications may arise.

The minor complications that can be experienced are mainly nausea and subsequent,vomiting; allergies on the skin around the anus and dehydration. Dehydration is commonbecause the colon passage has to be free from solids to allow proper examination. Due to
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this, medication, which induces loose motions, is administered to the patient. The effectsmay ware off a little while after the schedule.

During the process, the abdomen is filled up with air so that the health care expert canview the internal regions of the alimentary canal clearly on the computer screen.As a side effect of the procedure, cramps in the stomach may be experience. This may beaccompanied by abdominal swelling. However, these symptoms generally do not last fora very long duration.

When a biopsy is carried out, a small amount of tissue is collected from the body. Hence,the bowel may contain small amounts of blood. The patient may suffer a slight loss ofblood for a few days.

Further, during the test, the patient is administered certain specific medications to whichthe body can develop an allergic reaction. The risk involved here, is the same as any othermedical procedure. Further, there is a uncommon possibility that the intestinal wall isscraped or damaged slightly causing a perforation or infection.

Over and above the points discussed here, one should remain updated with medical newsand technological advancements. The colonoscopy procedure, though very useful, may

not be able to diagnose some diseases. In such a case, additional investigation becomesnecessary.
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ERCP technique - Endoscopic retrograde

cholangiopancreatography

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ( ERCP) may sound like the longestword in the dictionary, but it is just a medical technique which helps the physician todiagnose problems in the pancreas, liver, bile ducts and gallbladder.

The internal body structure concerning the ercp medical procedure consists of the liver which makes a digestion-helping liquid called bile, gallbladder storage of bile till it isneeded for digestion, pancreas these glands produce chemicals helping in digestion andhormones like insulin and bile ducts tubes transporting bile liquid from liver to smallintestine and gallbladder. ERCP technique is used to examine and treat the conditions ofthese transporter bile ducts along with gallstones, scars, leaks and cancer.

The ercp procedure includes using endoscopy and x-rays so that it enables the physicianto have a better view of the inside of the stomach and the intestine. Endoscopy procedureuses an instrument called endoscope which is a lighted, flexible long tube. Dyes areinjected in the bile ducts and the pancreas so they can be seen on x-rays.

The ercp treatments start with sedating the patient and numbing the back of the throat.The endoscope is swallowed by the patient and is guided through the esophagus, stomachand the intestines to access the bile ducts and the pancreas. A small plastic tube is passedthrough the scope and the dye is injected in the ducts which would show clearly in the x-rays. As soon as the dye is injected, the x-rays are taken. Certain instruments can also beinserted in the scope to remove ant abnormal growth or obstruction, in case of theexamination showing a gallstone or narrowing of the ducts. Tissue samples can be taken
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and biopsy can be done for further testing. One can see the ercp procedure in detail withthe help oftop medical videos, which are sometimes taken live.

An ercp medical procedure can take around half an hour to two hours and discomfort canbe felt when air is blown in the duodenum and dye is injected. Hospital stay may be

necessary till the sedative wears off.

There may be risks and complications in ercp like in any other surgery. The possiblecomplications may be inflammation of the pancreas known as pancreatitis, perforation ofthe duodenum, bleeding or infection. A lump or tenderness may be seen where thesedative is injected but it goes away by itself in a few days.

Alzheimer's Disease - The Memory Disease

A lot has been written and spoken about the memory disease - Alzheimer's. It has alsobeen a celluloid subject and much has been done for its awareness. But the real top

medical news is the research that speaks about the brain implants that could restorememory in Alzheimer's sufferers. The electrical implant can bring back long-termmemory which has been completely lost and improve it in others who have normal recall.

Along with Alzheimer sufferers, it is also beneficial for stroke victims and people withbrain injuries. In the current statistics of people over 65, one in three is expected to diewith dementia and in UK, over 3,75,000 have Alzheimers disease. If such conditioncontinues, in just 10 years, a million people will be living with dementia.

Alzheimers disease impairs memory and gradually affects thinking and behavior. It isthe most popular form of dementia, which is a loss of brain function that occurs withcertain diseases. A type of dementia, AD, gradually gets worse with time. It also affectslanguage, judgment, decisiveness and personality over a period of time.
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The risk factors for Alzheimers may be family history and age. Combination of certaingenes, a family history or some relatives having the disease and increasing age carries therisk of developing Alzheimers. Some unproven risk factors also include history of headtrauma and high BP since a long time. Alzheimers disease can be categorized into the

early onset and late onset groups. The symptoms in the early onset of AD start showingbefore the age of 60 and progresses rapidly and this kind of disease mostly runs in thefamily. Late onset of AD is a much common disease developing after the age of 60.

The reason behind the causing of AD is not known but it can be said that it may includeboth genetic and environmental factors. Earlier, the reason was guessed to be the buildupof aluminum, mercury, lead and other substances in the brain but it is no longer believedto be a cause. The most certain way of determining the presence of AD is to examinetheir brain tissue sample after their death. The common changes in the brain tissue areneurofibrillary tangles, senile plaques and neuritic plaques.

Alzheimers disease treatment is a drug treatment which works on slowing the symptomsof the disease and many a times there are no noticeable changes. Some other medicinesmay also be combined which are needed for agitated and aggressive behaviors, whichmay prove to be dangerous. It is also said that research is being done on early testingvaccine against AD.


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Reference:

Nose reshaping: - http://docturs.com/dd/pg/groups/11287/nose-reshaping-rhinoplasty/Anemia during pregnancy: - http://docturs.com/dd/pg/groups/13264/anaemia-during-pregnancy/colonoscopy procedure: - http://docturs.com/dd/pg/groups/2441/colonoscopy-examination-of-the-colon/Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP):

-http://docturs.com/dd/pg/groups/13136/ercp/Alzheimer's disease - http://docturs.com/dd/pg/groups/13010/alzheimers-disease/Top medical news, medical videos and medical products: - http://docturs.com/dd/
http://docturs.com/dd/pg/groups/11287/nose-reshaping-rhinoplasty/http://docturs.com/dd/pg/groups/13264/anaemia-during-pregnancy/http://docturs.com/dd/pg/groups/13264/anaemia-during-pregnancy/http://docturs.com/dd/pg/groups/13264/anaemia-during-pregnancy/http://docturs.com/dd/pg/groups/2441/colonoscopy-examination-of-the-colon/http://docturs.com/dd/pg/groups/2441/colonoscopy-examination-of-the-colon/http://docturs.com/dd/pg/groups/13136/ercp/http://docturs.com/dd/pg/groups/13010/alzheimers-disease/http://docturs.com/dd/http://docturs.com/dd/pg/groups/11287/nose-reshaping-rhinoplasty/http://docturs.com/dd/pg/groups/13264/anaemia-during-pregnancy/http://docturs.com/dd/pg/groups/13264/anaemia-during-pregnancy/http://docturs.com/dd/pg/groups/2441/colonoscopy-examination-of-the-colon/http://docturs.com/dd/pg/groups/2441/colonoscopy-examination-of-the-colon/http://docturs.com/dd/pg/groups/13136/ercp/http://docturs.com/dd/pg/groups/13010/alzheimers-disease/http://docturs.com/dd/


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5 Major Diseases and Treatments

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