5 g enabling_tech_tm_perspective_keysight_nov2014_cpqd_workshop

5G Enabling Technologies: a Test & Measurement Perspective

Andjela Ilic-Savoia

Keysight Technologies

November 2014

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Agenda

1. The motivation and vision for 5G 2. Setting the 5G Agenda 3. 5G solution proposals and technical assumptions 4. Six predictions for broadband wireless 2020 5. Summary

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Keysight Technologies Began Operations, Aug 1, ‘14

• Agilent announced Sept. 19, 2013, it would separate into:

• an Electronic Measurement company (now Keysight)

• a Life Sciences, Diagnostics and Applied Markets company (to

retain the Agilent name)

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FY13 $2.9 billion revenue | 18.9% operating margin | 31% ROIC | best in class financial profile

Communications Industrial, computer,

semiconductor

Aerospace/defense

Keysight in Electronic Measurement The industry leader

(1) Presented on a non-GAAP basis; reconciliations to closet GAAP equivalent provided. See reconciliations for definition of ROIC.

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What is the motivation for 5G?

1. The primary motivation for 5G is the apparently endless exponential growth in demand for wireless data services

2. In addition there is an emerging set of demands based on the unique attributes of machine-type communications (MTC) for the internet of things (IoT) which is predicted to reach tens of billions of devices by 2020

3. There is also growing awareness of the need for energy efficiency and cost savings

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Revolution, or Evolution?

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What will it be? (Courtesy of METIS):

Amazingly fast focusing on high data-rates for

future mobile broadband users – Speed: 10 Gbps

Great service in a crowd focusing on mobile

broadband access even in very crowded areas and

conditions – Multiplying Coverage/Cells

Super real-time focusing on new applications such

as augmented reality and tactile feel for virtual

realities calling for stringent requirements on

latency - 1 msec Latency

Ubiquitous things communicating focusing on

efficient handling of a very large number of devices

with widely varying requirements, Mobiles, M2M,

Internet of Things - >30 Billion Devices

Low cost, low energy – Operators need to make it

more efficient and cost effective

The 5G Network is not a replacement. It is a revolutionary enhancement.

5G 2G

GERAN

3G

UMTS

4G

LTE

WiFi

New Technologies

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G: Market Forces

Massive Growth in Mobile Data Demand

Massive Growth in Number of Connected Devices

Exploding Diversity of Wireless Applications

Dramatic Change in User Expectations of the Network

Sound Business Model for Network Operators

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G Market: Drivers Past Today’s System Limits

Massive Growth in Mobile Data

Demand

Massive Growth in Number of Connected

Devices

Exploding Diversity of Wireless

Applications

Dramatic Change in User Expectations of

Network

Foundation of sound business model for access providers.

100X Energy Efficiency

Reliability 99.999%

1mS Latency

100X Densification

1000X Capacity

100X Data

Rates

• Amazingly Fast

• Great Service In a Crowd

• Best Experience Follows You

• Super Real-Time & Reliable

Communications

• Ubiquitous Things

Communicating

For the User:

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G Wireless: Opportunities to Innovate

– Design

– Simulate

– Calibrate

– Emulate

– Validate

1 GHz 10 GHz 100 GHz 1 THz 10 THz 100 THz 1PHz

10 cm 1 cm 1 mm 100 mm 10 mm 1 mm

Wavelength Frequency

Microwave mm-Wave THz Far IR Infrared UV

100X Efficiency (energy/bit)

Reliability 99.999%

1mS Latency

100X Densification

1000X Capacity

100X Data Rates

Enabling Technologies

1. mmWave (Carrier, BW, MU-MIMO)

2. New <6GHz PHY/MAC

3. Full Duplex

4. >>400GB/s Fiber

5. Hyper-Fast Data Buses

6. C-RAN & New NW Topology

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Identifiable metrics for higher performance

• Higher bit rates

• Lower latency

• Higher spectral efficiency

• Higher capacity density

• Higher connection density

Leading to consequences for

• Terminal and network cost

• Terminal battery life

• Energy efficiency

• Reliability of service

• Mobility

Setting the 5G Agenda: A complex problem Performance-led metrics

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Demands for availability and cost/energy efficiency

• High availability of service

• Lower terminal and network cost

• Longer terminal battery life

• Higher energy efficiency

• Lower mobility

Leading to consequences on performance

• Lower or sufficient bit rates

• Higher latency

• Lower spectral efficiency

• Lower capacity density

• Lower connection density

Setting the 5G Agenda: A complex problem Performance-led metrics

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Performance vs.

availability, cost and

efficiency

The emerging

demands on 5G are

far more

comprehensive than

previous generations

It is very clear that

some fo the desirable

attributes are mutually

exclusive. This leads

to an assumption that

the needs of 5G

cannot be met by one

single solution

Setting the 5G Agenda High

Performance

Availability

cost and

efficiency

Bit rate

bits / s

109

107

105

103

UE battery life

days

103

102

10

1

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High

Performance

Availability

cost and

efficiency

The 4G targets were

more comprehensive

than 3G by adding

latency and spectral

efficiency targets but

otherwise focussed

again on single-user

peak data rates at low

mobility.

4G targets

Bit rate

bits / s

109

107

105

103

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High

Performance

Availability

cost and

efficiency

In the early debate on

5G some targets for

attributes associated

with high performance

have been proposed.

What follows are the

consequences on the

attributes of

availability, cost and

efficiency using

today’s technology

A better balance

between the upper

and lower halves of

the plot will require

technical breakthrough

5G High performance targets

Bit rate

bits / s

109

107

105

103

UE battery life

days

103

102

10

1

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High

Performance

Availability

cost and

efficiency

By contrast the

contrasting demands

of static MTC/IoT look

very different

The key attributes are

driven from the lower

half of the spider

diagram with the likely

performance attributes

being impacted

MTC/IoT targets

Bit rate

bits / s

109

107

105

103

UE battery life

days

103

102

10

1

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High

Performance

Availability

cost and

efficiency

Looking at public

safety a further

difference emerges in

priorities

The consequence of

the contrasting targets

for 5G means there

will need to be more

than one technical

solution

Public safety targets

Bit rate

bits / s

109

107

105

103

UE battery life

days

103

102

10

1

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High

Performance

Availability

cost and

efficiency

By overlaying the

contrasting demands

of different types of

service an aggregate

picture of 5G emerges.

Could this be 5G?

Bit rate

bits / s

109

107

105

103

UE battery life

days

103

102

10

1

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Setting the 5G agenda: Who are the Players?

•Governments

EU, Korea, China, Japan

•Multinational Companies

Ericsson, Alcatel Lucent, NSN, Huawei, Samsung •Universities

NYU, UW-Madison, Surrey, TU-Dresden, TSING-Hua,

BUPT

•Network Operators

Vodafone, China Mobile (CMCC), SKT, DoCoMo

•Chipset Developers

Qualcomm, Intel

•Consortiums

5GPPP, 5G Forum, 5GIC, NYU Wireless. IMT2020,

ARIB 2020

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Setting the 5G agenda The role of the ITU

• If the industry were left alone, two possibilities might emerge:

• LTE would continue to evolve with an ever-increasing list of incremental

developments with the risk of creating a complex infrastructure with a

fragmented market

• The conflicting demands on 5G might lead to a never-ending debate or,

national or regional solutions that risk market fragmentation

• For 5G to be successful it needs to have a clear focus and timeline – this

should be the role of the ITU in the successor to the IMT-2000 and IMT-

Advanced programs

http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-R/study-groups/rsg5/rwp5d/imt-2020

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Setting the 5G agenda: Landscape of most visible 5G players by type as of Summer 2014

NEM’s Operators Silicon MEM’s Government Consortia

ALU

Ericsson

Huawei

NSN

Cisco

Vodafone

CMCC

docomo

AT&T

Qualcomm

Intel

Samsung

EU/EC

China

South Korea

METIS (Europe)

5GPPP (Europe)

NYU Wireless (US)

5G Forum (Korea)

FUTURE Forum (China)

ITU

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Setting the 5G agenda: Today’s 5G Eco-system

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Setting the 5G agenda: 5G Timing

• There is a general recognition that 5G is targeting commercial deployment beyond 2020

• There are also national / regional pressures to demonstrate capability for flagship events such as the Korean 2018 Winter Olympics and the Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympics

• That said, if the timescales of previous generations which had much simpler objectives were to be repeated, then commercial launch in 2020 is a seriously aggressive goal

• However, for the time being, 2020 is the date motivating 5G research

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G solution proposals

• There are many potential solutions proposed for 5G, but given the primary desire for orders of magnitude of change in performance, cost etc. most of the marginal ideas can be discounted

• Only the solutions that truly could make a huge difference need to be

considered, the rest can be left to the ongoing evolution of legacy systems

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A simple wireless capacity model

The capacity of a system to deliver services is defined by three main factors:

• The bandwidth of the available radio spectrum – in MHz

• The efficient use of that spectrum – bits / second / hertz

• The number of cells – this equates to spectrum reuse

Number of cells

Eff

icie

nc

y

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Wireless capacity growth 1960 – 2010

Capacity 1,000,000x

Gro

wth

facto

r

1

10

100

1000

20 25

2000

Efficiency Spectrum No. of cells

10000

Gro

wth

po

ten

tial

1

10

3 2

100


100

2010 – 2020

Capacity 600x

For both the past and the future, the growth of wireless capacity is

dominated by the number of cells (small cell spectrum reuse)

Most

industry effort

Most

opportunity

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Wireless capacity growth: with mmWave spectrum

Gro

wth

po

ten

tial

1

10

2

20

100


100

2015 – 2025

Capacity 4000x

But with potential for mmWave deployment, the available spectrum

might rise from a typical 500 MHz per region to many GHz

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G Technical Assumptions

• Use of mmWave frequencies 10G-50GHz, 60 GHz, possibly 70-80 GHz.

• Wider bandwidths: 500MHz to 3GHz (below 50 GHz) • New antenna technologies

• Steerable Array antennas (dynamic beam forming patterns)

• Massive MIMO (e.g. 100-1000 low-power antennas per BTS

• Will require significantly more (low cost) backhaul capacity (400 Gb/s)

• Very low round-trip latency requirements • Affects all elements of the network

• Higher Frequencies and Higher Densities will dictate small cells • Software defined radio • Software defined network

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G Technical Assumptions

New air interfaces

• Move towards more cognitive designs to take advantage of spectrum sharing: a hybrid

of cellular mobility and Wi-Fi ad hoc co-existence

• New modulation formats

• Full duplex transmission

Interop and integration with multiple RAT’s including unlicensed

• Significant impact on the network (e.g. control channel on low band for coverage)

• Role of 802.11ad as it evolves between now and 2020 into 802.11ax

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Six predictions for wireless broadband 2020

1. No new worldwide allocations of mmWave spectrum

2. Cellular will extend into the ISM band at 60 GHz (Unlicensed access)

3. The importance of UE antennas will finally be recognized

4. WLAN will become an equal partner with cellular

5. Without technical breakthrough, the operator business case will not support a massive expansion in capacity

6. The success of 802.11ad will determine the likelihood of cellular at mmWave frequencies

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No new worldwide allocations of mmWave spectrum

• One of the yet to be addressed challenges for 5G is where potential mmWave spectrum might be found

• The last time the ITU Worlds Radio Council allocated spectrum for wireless communications was 2007, there was no debate at WRC 2012.

• In 2015 there is an agenda item for communications below 6 GHz but no guarantee for any new allocations

• There is not yet an agenda item agreed for WRC 2018/9 to discuss potential mmWave allocations

• Existing spectrum holders from military, Broadcast, Satellite industries are acting together to prevent further release to mobile broadband

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Cellular will extend into the ISM band at 60 GHz (Unlicensed access)

• Release 13 will study the operation of LTE in unlicensed spectrum (LTE-U) - in particular the 5 GHz ISM band used for WLAN

• This is to enable operators to offload traffic to LTE femtocells without having to implement WLAN thus avoiding inter-RAT challenges

• Proposals are controversial since standard LTE interferes with WLAN

• LTE is shown to be more efficient - but WLAN was there first

• Modifications to the LTE air interface are proposed to make co-existence with WLAN more tolerable (e.g. Listen Before Talk – LBT)

• Likely to become the single biggest increase of cellular spectrum (up to 680 MHz in 5 GHz band) since the allocations given at WRC 07.

• If successful at 5 GHz, likely to be extended to the 60 GHz ISM band as the quickest way for 5G to get spectrum

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Without technical breakthrough, the operator business case will not support a massive expansion in capacity

• The predictions for exponential traffic growth assume the provision of the necessary network capacity is affordable

• Current wireless broadband experience is dominated by a lack of investment in current technology rather than a need for new technology

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G: Technical breakthrough: Focus on research

Radio Spectrum

• Frequency Bands

• <6 GHz

• 28 GHz

• 38-40 GHz

• 57-64 GHz

• 70-75 GHz

• 81-89 GHz

• Model and characterize the

propagation channel

• Bandwidth (0.5 to 3 GHz)

Topology Improvements

• Backhaul for capacity & cost

• Fronthaul for coverage & cost

• Software-defined Networks for

flexibility

• Enhanced HetNet and Small Cells

• Full Duplex and self interference

cancellation (SIC)

Radio Hardware

• Software-defined Radio (SDR)

• Integrated Fronthaul

& Backhaul

Radio Access Technologies

• GFDM, FBMC, UFMC, BFDM, NOMA

Antenna Technologies

• Steerable Arrays

• Massive MIMO

Research Labs need equipment to work at new frequency bands and wider bandwidths. They need to

create and analyze new types of signals/technologies. They need flexible, high performance hardware and

software.

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Technology Lifecycle

Technology Trigger

Peak of Inflated

Expectations

Trough of Disappointment

Plateau of Productivity

Slope of Enlightenment

Deployment Stage Go to

Market

Stage

Revenue

Generation

Stage

Development Stage Concept Stage

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Summary

• The current wireless broadband ecosystem is becoming increasingly fragmented and complex with implications on performance and costs

• For 5G to deliver a revolutionary step and distinguish itself from the ongoing evolution of 4G will require breakthrough developments

• Unlike previous mobile communication generations, the debate around 5G is embracing the full range of technical performance, economic and environmental factors

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Thank You!

Name: Andjela Ilic-Savoia

E-mail:[email protected]

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Extras….

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What is 5G?

Set of new requirements for wireless communications systems that mature

beyond 2020.

Speed 10Gpbs - 100 times faster than 4G

Very low latency: 1 msec for: Augmented Reality, Tactile

Internet

Mobility: Experience follows you - Gigabit everywhere

Density: Very dense crowds of users

Low Cost, Low Energy

Large Device Count for M2M(Machine to Machine)/ Internet of Things

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Multi-national Companies

• Samsung has 200 researchers working on 5G. Demonstrated 28 GHz system.

• Huawei will invest $600M in 5G Research & Innovation by 2018

• NTT DoCoMo will conduct experimental trials with Alcatel-Lucent, Ericsson, Fujitsu, NEC,

Nokia and Samsung

• Qualcomm – Testbed for mmWave – Materials measurements, modeling, performance

Governments – National Initiatives

• European Commission commits € 700M 2014-2020 (5G-PPP Now Active)

• Korea 5G Forum: Demonstration system at 2018 Winter Olympics

The government will spend 1.6T Won ($1.5B) over the next seven years

• China IMT-2020 Promotion Group – $24M in 2014

• Japan – Plan for 2020 Olympics (multi-streaming of 8k HD Video)

• Taiwan – Portion of $58M Technology Budget

Latest News

Universities/Research Institutes

• University of Surrey 5GIC £44.6 million investments

• NYU – Completed 5G Summit in May

• TU Dresden/ Fraunhofer HHI- 5GNOW – Investigating Non-Orthogonal Waveforms for

Asynchronous signalling

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Groups working on 5G • 5G PPP - METIS - EU Co-funded Consortium of 25 partners – Objective:

To lay the foundation of 5G

• NYU Wireless – University with 10 Industrial Affiliates - Objective: To

create next generation mass-deployable devices across a wide range of

applications and markets

• 5GIC – 5G Innovation Centre (University of Surrey Research Center) –

Objective: Spearhead international research into the next generation of

mobile communication technology.

• 5G Forum (Korea) – Korean Co-funded Consortium. Vision to become a

5G Mobile telecommunications leader

• IMT-2020 (5G) China Promotion Group - Platform to promote the

development of 5G technologies in China and to facilitate cooperation with

foreign companies and organizations

• Beyond 2020 Ad Hoc Group of ARIB (Association of Radio Industries and

Businesses) (Japan)- Next generation mobile communications R&D group

working with private enterprises

5 g enabling_tech_tm_perspective_keysight_nov2014_cpqd_workshop

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