Mrs.A.Petrishia

Where are we?

Where do we Want to go?

3G Network

3G vs 4G

4G Network

Applications of 4G

Hyper Lan- set of wireless Lan

1G-First Generation ◦ Speech

2G-Second Generation ◦ SMS , MMS◦ CDMA , GPRS , EDGE◦ Voice Mail

3G-Third Generation ◦ Wireless Internet◦ Video Calling◦ Mobile TV

High transfer rate

Internet access any where

Ability to move around with the same IP address

Utilization of Smart antennas

High resolution Mobile TV

5

cdmaOnecdmaOne

GSMGSM

TDMA TDMA

2G

PDC PDC

CDMA2000 1x

CDMA2000 1x

First Step into 3G

GPRSGPRS 90%

10%

Evolution of Mobile Systems to 3G- drivers are capacity, data speeds, lower cost of delivery for revenue growth

EDGEEDGE

WCDMA

WCDMA

CDMA2000 1x EV/DV

CDMA2000 1x EV/DV

3G phase 1 Evolved 3G

3GPP CoreNetwork

CDMA2000 1x EV/DO

CDMA2000 1x EV/DO

HSDPA

HSDPA

Expected market share

EDGEEvolution

EDGEEvolution

Higher bandwidth enables a range of new applications!! For the consumer

◦ Video streaming, TV broadcast◦ Video calls, video clips – news, music, sports◦ Enhanced gaming, chat, location services…

For business◦ High speed teleworking / VPN access◦ Sales force automation◦ Video conferencing◦ Real-time financial information

6

7

Performance evolution of cellular technologies

8

Improved performance, decreasing cost of delivery

Typical average bit rates (peak rates higher)

WEB browsingCorporate data accessStreaming audio/video

Voice & SMS Presence/location

xHTML browsingApplication downloadingE-mail

MMS picture / video

Multitasking

3G-specific services take advantage of higher bandwidth

and/or real-time QoS

3G-specific services take advantage of higher bandwidth

and/or real-time QoS

A number of mobile services are bearer

independent in nature

A number of mobile services are bearer

independent in nature

HSDPA1-10Mbps

WCDMA2

Mbps

EGPRS473kbps

GPRS171kbps

GSM9.6

kbps

Push-to-talk

Broadbandin wide area

Video sharing Video telephonyReal-time IPmultimedia and gamesMulticasting

Services roadmap

CD

MA

200

0-E

VD

O

CD

MA

200

0-E

VD

V

CD

MA

200

0 1

x

9

SD

Mobile Station

MSC/VLR

Base StationSubsystem

GMSC

Network Subsystem

AUCEIR HLR

Other Networks

Note: Interfaces have been omitted for clarity purposes.

GGSNSGSN

BTS BSC

NodeB

RNC

RNS

UTRAN

SIM ME

USIMME

+

PSTN

PLMN

Internet

UMTS network architecture consists of three domains:

◦ Core Network (CN) : To provide switching, routing and transit for user traffic.

◦ UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN) : Provides the air interface access method for User Equipment.

◦ User Equipment (UE) : Terminals work as air interface counterpart for Node B. The various identities are: IMSI, TMSI, P-TMSI, TLLI, MSISDN, IMEI, IMEISV.

10

Wide band CDMA technology is selected for UTRAN air interface.

Base Station is referred to as Node-B and control equipment for Node-B’s is called is called as Radio Network Controller (RNC).◦ Functions of Node –B are:

Air Interface Tx/Rx Modulation / Demodulation

◦ Functions of RNC are: Radio Resource Control Channel Allocation Power Control Settings Handover Control Ciphering Segmentation and Reassembly

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12

• UMTS Band : 1900-2025 MHz and 2110-2200 MHz for 3G transmission.

• Terrestrial UMTS (UTRAN) : 1900-1980 MHz, 2010-2025 MHz, and 2110-2170 MHz bands

UMTS Frequency Spectrum

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Yes, New W-CDMA handsets will work on W-CDMA at 2Mbps, EDGE n/w at 384 Kbps, GPRS n/w at 144 Kbps. GSM n/w at 9.9 Kbps. Older handsets will not work in W-CDMA.

Yes

Requires completely new base stations

FDD5MHzW-CDMA

Yes, New handsets work on EDGE n/w at 384Kbps, GPRS n/w at 144Kbps, and GSM n/w at 9.6 Kbps with tri-mode phones. GSM and GPRS-only phones will not work in EDGE n/w.

No

Requires new transceivers at base station. Also, software upgrade to the BSC & BTS

FDD200KHzEDGE

Yes, New GPRS handsets work on GPRS n/w at 171.2Kbps, 9.6 Kbps on GSM n/w with dual mode phones. GSM only phones will not work in GPRS n/w.

No

Requires new packet overlay including routers and gateways

FDD200KHzGPRS

Yes, New HSCSD handsets provide 57.6Kbps on HSCSD n/w and 9.6 Kbps on GSM n/w with dual mode phones. GSM only phones will not work in HSCSD N/w.

No

Requires Software Upgrade at base station

FDD200KHzHSCSD

Requires New HandsetsRequires

New Spectrum

Infrastructure Change

DuplexChannel

BW

Wireless Data Tech

IMPACT ON EXISTING NETWORK

3.5G or HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access) is an enhanced version and the next intermediate generation of 3G UMTS. It comprises the technologies that improve the Air Interface and increase the spectral efficiency, to support data rates of the order of 30 Mbps. 3.5G introduces many new features that will enhance the UMTS technology in future. 1xEV-DV already supports most of the features that will be provided in 3.5G. These include: Adaptive Modulation and Coding Fast Scheduling Backward compatibility with 3G Enhanced Air interface

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4G-NETWORK

Visit 4Gmobile.com for more

What’s 4G Mobile Technologies

Open Wireless Architecture (OWA)

Cost-effective and spectrum-effective high speed wireless transmission

4G can support high-speed transmission, but High-speed is NOT 4G

GSMGSMUMTS FDD(W-CDMA)UMTS FDD(W-CDMA)

UMTS TDD(TD-SCDMA)UMTS TDD

(TD-SCDMA)

PWLANPWLAN

EDGEEDGEGPRSGPRS

SatelliteSatelliteWIMAXWIMAX -Best for

Spectrum Management Access vs. Mobile Spectrum Sharing Spectrum Recycling

ANY WHERE

ANY DEVICE

ANY TIME

ANY NETWORK

Bro

ad

cast

WM

AN

CellularWLAN

WPAN

SEAMLESS CONNECTIVITY

Wireless Standards Complexity Multiples

Navig

atio

n

GSM

GPRS

EDGE

UMTS HSDPA HSUP

A3.9G

4G

Cellular

802.16d

802.16e

WMAN802.11

b

802.11g

802.11a

802.11n

WLAN

UWB

RFID

Bluetooth®

WPANDVB-H

ISDB-T

DMB

Broadcast DTV

A-GPS Galileo

Navigation

FMHD DAB

Broadcast Radio

Without open wireless architecture, the wireless industry will be totally messed-up

Also known as ‘Mobile Broadband everywhere’ ‘MAGIC’

◦ Mobile Multimedia Communication◦ Anywhere, Anytime with Anyone◦ Global Mobility Support◦ Integrated Wireless Solution◦ Customized Personal Service

According to 4G Mobile Forum, by 2008 over $400 billion would be invested in 4G mobile projects.

In India, communication Minister Mr. Dayanidhi Maran, has announced a national centre of excellence to work in 4G arena.

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OFDM Ultra wide band Smart Antennas

Switched beam

Adaptive array antenna Scheduling among users Picco cells

Technology 3G 4G

Data Transfer Rate 3.1MB /sec 100MB/sec

Internet services Broadband Ultra Broadband

Mobile -TV Resolution

Low High

Bandwidth 5 - 20 MHz 100 +MHz

Frequency 1.6- 2 GHZ 2 – 8 GHz

Network Architecture Wide Area Network Hybrid Network

3G Vs 4G

Software define RadioConfigured to any

Radio FrequencyPacket Layer software

Able to work different broadband network

Mobile IP◦ VoIP◦ Ability to move around with the same IP

address◦ Intelligent Internet

Presence Awareness Technology◦ Knowing who is on line and where

Radio Router◦ Bringing IP to the base station

Smart Antennas◦ Unique spatial metric for each transmission

Orthogonal Subcarriers

Cyclic Prefix in Frequency Domain Cyclic Prefix in Time Domain

Key Technologies Required for 4G

OFDMA

-Time domain

-Space domain

-Frequency domain

Life-Saving: Telemedicine

Video Conferencing

Telegeoprocessing: GIS,GPS

Better Usage of Multimedia Applications

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) for IPv6

IP + WPAN + WLAN + WMAN + WWAN + any other stragglers

= 4G

Any Queries?

Thankyou

WiMax (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) is a standards-based technology enabling the delivery of last mile wireless broadband access as an alternative to cable and DSL.

The technology is specified by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., as the IEEE 802.16 standard.

It is a non-profit industry body dedicated to promoting the adoption of this technology and ensuring that different vendors’ products will interoperate.

It is doing this through developing conformance and interoperability test plans and certification program.

WiMAX Forum Certified™ means a service provider can buy equipment from more than one company and be confident that everything works together.

WiMAX is expected to provide fixed , nomadic, portable and, eventually, mobile wireless broadband connectivity without the need for direct line-of-sight (LOS) with a base station.

In a typical cell radius deployment of three to ten kilometers, WiMAX Forum Certified™ systems can be expected to deliver capacity of up to 40 Mbps per channel, for fixed and portable access applications.

Mobile network deployments are expected to provide up to 15 Mbps of capacity within a typical cell radius deployment of up to three kilometers.

Simultaneously support hundreds of businesses with T-1 speed connectivity and thousands of homes with DSL speed connectivity.

Promise of potential low cost and flexibility in building broadband networks.

Scalability, as extra channels and base stations can be added incrementally as bandwidth demand grows.

Support for both voice and video as well as Internet data.

Semiconductor vendors envisage WiMax-enabled chips appearing in PCs in 2006 and in notebook computers and PDAs by 2007

Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) is a set of technologies that are based on the IEEE 802.11a,b, and g standards.

Wi-Fi is considered to be one of the first widely deployed fixed broadband wireless networks.

The Wi-Fi architecture consists of a base station that wireless hosts connect to in order to access network resources.

As long as the users remain within 300 feet of the fixed wireless access point, they can maintain broadband wireless connectivity.

Standard Throughput Range Frequency

802.11a Up to 54 Mbps

Up to 300 ft

Between 5 and 6 Ghz

802.11b Up to 11 Mbps

Up to 300 ft

2.4 Ghz

802.11g Up to 54 Mbps

Up to 300 ft

2.4 Ghz

Simplicity and ease of deployment given that it uses unlicensed radio spectrum which does not require regulatory approval.

Cost of rolling out this wireless solution is low. Users are able to be mobile for up to 300 feet

from the access point. There are many Wi-Fi compatible products that

are available at a low cost and can interoperate with other network technologies. Wi-Fi clients can work seamlessly in other countries with minimal configuration.

Limited level of mobility. Susceptible to interference. Designed technically for short-range

operations and basically an indoors technology.

Security is a concern.

WiMax eliminates the constraints of Wi-Fi. Unlike Wi-Fi, WiMax is intended to work

outdoors over long distances. WiMax is a more complex technology and

has to handle issues of importance such as QoS guarantees, carrier-class reliability, NLOS.

WiMax is not intended to replace Wi-Fi. Instead, the two technologies complement each other.

802.16 802.16a 802.16-2004

802.16e-2005

Date Completed

December 2001

January 2003

June 2004

December 2005

Spectrum 10-66 GHz < 11 GHz

< 11 GHz

< 6 GHz

Operation

LOS Non-LOS Non-LOS

Non-LOS and Mobile

Bit Rate 32-134 Mbps

Up to 75 Mbps

Up to 75 Mbps

Up to 15 Mbps

Cell Radius

1-3 miles 3-5 miles 3-5 miles

1-3 miles

WiMax can provide 2 forms of wireless service:- Non-LOS, Wi-Fi sort of service, where a small antenna on a computer connects to the tower. Uses lower frequency range (2 to 11 GHz). - LOS, where a fixed antenna points straight at the WiMax tower from a rooftop or pole. The LOS connection is stronger and more stable, so it is able to send a lot of data with fewer errors. Uses higher frequencies, with ranges reaching a possible 66 GHz.

Through stronger LOS antennas, WiMax transmitting stations would send data to WiMax enabled computers or routers set up within 30 (3,600 square miles of coverage) mile radius.

WiMax Forum anticipates rollout of its technology in 3 phases:- Phase 1: Fixed Location, Private Line Services, Hot Spot Backhaul.- Phase 2: Broadband Wireless Access/Wireless DSL- Phase 3: Mobile/Nomadic Users.

Broad Operating Range WiMax Forum is focusing on 3 spectrum bands for

global deployment: Unlicensed 5 GHz: Includes bands between 5.25

and 5.85 GHz. In the upper 5 GHz band (5.725 – 5.850 GHz) many countries allow higher power output (4 Watts) that makes it attractive for WiMax applications.

Licensed 3.5 GHz: Bands between 3.4 and 3.6 GHz have been allocated for BWA in majority of countries.

Licensed 2.5 GHz: The bands between 2.5 and 2.6 GHz have been allocated in the US, Mexico, Brazil and in some SEA countries. In US this spectrum is licensed for MDS and ITFS.

Licensed Solution License-Exempt Solution

Better QoS Fast Rollout

Better NLOS reception at lower frequencies

Lower Costs

Higher barriers for entrance

More worldwide options

Both solutions are based on IEEE 802.16-2004 standard, which uses OFDM in the physical (PHY) layer.

OFDM provides benefits such as increased SNR of subscriber stations and improved resiliency to multi-path interference.

For creating bi-directional channels for uplink and downlink, licensed solutions use FDD while license exempt solutions use TDD.