4-Overview of the use of satellite data in the Bureau of ... · Overview of theOverview of the Use...
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Overview of the Use of Satellite Data in Overview of the Use of Satellite Data in the Bureau of Meteorology Dr Anthony Rea Dr Anthony Rea Australian Bureau of Meteorology 5th Asia/Oceania Meteorological Satellite Users’ Conference, 19-21 November 2014, Shanghai,China
Transcript of 4-Overview of the use of satellite data in the Bureau of ... · Overview of theOverview of the Use...
Overview of the Use of Satellite Data inOverview of the Use of Satellite Data in the Bureau of MeteorologyDr Anthony ReaDr Anthony ReaAustralian Bureau of Meteorology
5th Asia/Oceania Meteorological Satellite Users’ Conference, 19-21 November 2014, Shanghai,China
OutlineOutline
Introduction
An Integrated Observing System
The importance of satellites for AustraliaThe importance of satellites for Australia
Application areas
Support for Global EOS Activities
Current InitiativesCurrent Initiatives
Australian Bureau of MeteorologyAustralian Bureau of Meteorology
• We provide Australians with environmental intelligence for safety sustainability well-being and prosperitysafety, sustainability, well-being and prosperity
– Monitor and report on current environmental conditionsenvironmental conditions.
– Analyse and explain trends in environmental data.Provide forecasts warnings and long– Provide forecasts, warnings and long-term outlooks on environmental phenomena that affect the safety,
it d ili f A t liprosperity and resilience of Australians.– Foster greater public understanding
and use of environmental intelligence.
Direct Reception Sites: Bureau, GA, AIMS and consortia (WASTAC, TERSS)Davis is L-Band only
Organisational ChangesOrganisational Changes
'Realignment' Project
• Creation of one Division with responsibility for all observations used operationally
• Spanning meteorology, ocean observations, hydrological observations, space weather, atmospheric composition and environmental observations
• New Division Head reporting to the Director of Meteorologye s o ead epo t g to t e ecto o eteo o ogy
An Integrated Observing SystemAn Integrated Observing System
Observing Capabilities
ApplicationAreas
Weather and WarningsRadar
User
NWPSatellites
UserRequirements
Cli tI it ClimateIn situ Planning:Networks,
Assets WaterInformationUpper Air
Assets,Capability
An Integrated Observing SystemAn Integrated Observing System
Observing Capabilities
ApplicationAreas
Weather and WarningsRadar
User
NWPSatellites
UserRequirements
Cli tI it ClimateIn situ Planning:Networks,
Assets WaterInformationUpper Air
Assets,Capability
Use of Satellite Data in the Bureau
Most of the applications in the Bureau focus on the atmosphereWeather and Warnings
• Timeliness = key factor• Timeliness = key factor• Forecasters mainly use VIS, IR, WV products for nowcasting
− e.g. cloud images, volcanic ash products, fog detectionNumerical Prediction Models:Numerical Prediction Models:
• Temperature and humidity soundings− key sources - microwave and IR polar orbiting satellite data− GPS is an emerging data source (Radio Occultation and ground-based
water vapour)• Wind
tt t− scatterometers− satellite derived Atmospheric Motion Vectors
Earth-related applications:
9
• Sea Surface Temperature, NDVI, Grassland Curing, Solar Radiation
Forecaster VisualisationForecaster Visualisation
Zeschke et al.
Forecaster VisualisationForecaster Visualisation
Zeschke & Down
Numerical Weather PredictionNumerical Weather Prediction
• NWP is at the heart of the Bureau’s research & services
• A large number of observation types are assimilated by the Bureau’s NWP model, ACCESS:
S f S d Wi d P fil d Ai ft– Surface, Sonde, Wind Profilers and Aircraft– Satellite Sensor Types: ATOVS, AIRS, IASI, GPS-RO,
Atmospheric Motion Vectors Scatterometer WindsAtmospheric Motion Vectors, Scatterometer Winds• Satellite data make up 94% of accepted observations
• It takes time and effort to develop assimilation schemes
• Funded for a new supercomputer in the May 2014 budgetp p y g
Numerical Weather PredictionAircraft (AMDAR/AIREP) Sonde (Temp./Wind/Pilot) Surface (Land/Ship/Buoy)
Numerical Weather PredictionAssimilated Observations: 2012-10-01 12:00
GPS RO Satellite Winds (AMV) Scatterometer WindsGPS RO Satellite Winds (AMV) Scatterometer Winds
AIRS R diAIRS RadiancesATOVS Radiances IASI Radiances
Environmental Applications:Coastal Information System
• eReefsOb d it th h lth f th– Observe and monitor the health of the Great Barrier Reef
ReefTemp product identifies regions of• ReefTemp product identifies regions of anomalously high SST
Improved science reliability and– Improved science, reliability and operational support
– Degree Heating Days (DHD)Degree Heating Days (DHD)– Mean Positive Summer Anomaly
Environmental Applications:ReefTemp
• ReefTemp builds on our work on Sea Surface Temperature observations and analysis systemsobservations and analysis systems
• Improved regional algorithms for AVHRR and MTSAT
– Supported by the Integrated Marine Observing System
• Improved Regional and Global SST analysisImproved Regional and Global SST analysis
– Diurnal variability studies and impact assessmentsNOAA 19 (2 pm) MTSAT 1R Composite Regional AnalysisNOAA-19 (2 pm) MTSAT-1R Composite Regional Analysis
Beggs et al.
Environmental Applications:ReefTemp
Garde et al.
Environmental ApplicationsGrassland Curing
• Fire agencies require maps of grassland curing
• Field observations are sparse; new satellite products reveal fine detailField observations are sparse; new satellite products reveal fine detail
ObservedMODISGrassland curing as at 2011-11-21Grassland curing as at 2011-11-21
Grant et al.
Current InitiativesCurrent Initiatives
Himawari-8 Project
• 5-year project
• Project elements:Project elements:
• Establishing high-speed communicationscommunications
• Archive and distributioni li ti• visualisation
• transitioning existing products (Day 1)• New product development (Day 2)
International Collaboration to Benefit the Region
• Australia collaborates internationally to enhance training and utilisation of satellite observations and to support exchange and access to satellite pp gobservations.
– WMO Commission for Basic Systems (CBS) Inter-Program Expert T S t llit Utili ti d P d t (ET SUP)Team on Satellite Utilisation and Products (ET-SUP)
– Regional ATOVS Retransmission Service (RARS)RA V Working Group on Infrastructure has formed a Task Team on– RA-V Working Group on Infrastructure has formed a Task Team on Satellite User Requirements
– TARS support for CMA satellitespp
RA V Workshop on Regional WIGOS Implementation Planp
Jakarta, Indonesia, 8-9 September 2012
International Collaboration to Benefit the Region
• VLab Australian Centre of Excellence
• JMA is our sponsoring satellite operator
• Development programs for regional participantsDevelopment programs for regional participants
• Training event helAnnuad in conjunction with 4th AOMSUC
• Regional Focus Group meetings occur on a monthly basis
www.virtuallab.bom.gov.auwww.virtuallab.bom.gov.au
SummarySummary
• The Bureau, and those who use our services, rely on satellite observationssatellite observations
– Forecasting for weather and warnings, oceans, tropical cyclones and aviationcyclones and aviation
– Numerical Weather Prediction and Ocean PredictionCli d i l li i– Climate and environmental applications
• Australia is improving coordination to enable better national and regional collaboration
• We continue to work with our partners to maximise regional p gbenefit from present and future satellite missions
Thank youThank you…
Dr Anthony ReaAssistant Director Observing Strategy and OperationsAustralian Bureau of Meteorologya rea@bom gov [email protected]
Dynamic Land Cover DatasetDynamic Land Cover Dataset
0 350.40
Enhanced Vegetation Index: ‘Scattered tree scene’ Northern Territory, Australia
n
0.250.300.35
Vege
tatio
nex
0.100.150.20
nhan
ced
VIn
de
0.000.05
2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010
Scattered tree scene:
En
Trees on a background of grasses. The Enhanced Vegetation Index changes with season.Low EVI = brownHigh EVI = greenHigh EVI = green
Dynamic Land Cover DatasetDynamic Land Cover Dataset
• Nationally consistent
Th ti ll h i2000-02
• Thematically comprehensive
• MODIS AQUA and TERRA2002-04
– 250 m resolution
• Validated with State Agencies2004-06
2006-08
2008-10
Key messagesKey messages
• The Bureau, and those who use our services, rely on satellite observationssatellite observations
– Forecasting for weather and warnings, oceans, tropical cyclones and aviationcyclones and aviation
– Numerical Weather Prediction and Ocean PredictionCli d i l li i– Climate and environmental applications
• Australia is improving coordination to enable better national and regional collaboration
• We continue to work with our partners to maximise regional p gbenefit from present and future satellite missions
Numerical Weather PredictionNumerical Weather Prediction
• NWP Skill scores are continually improving:
Increase in quality of observations– Increase in quality of observations– Increase in number of satellite observations– Increase in types of observations that areIncrease in types of observations that are
available– Improvements in models and data assimilation
techniques
• Research satellites drive model improvements
• Transition of missions from research to operations
ACCESS Hydrometeors yRegional Scale Validation
• Cloudsat (RADAR) and Calipso (LIDAR)
• Missions are used in combination to determine cloud micro-physical properties:
High thin tropical cirrusMid-latitude cirrus
RADAR LIDAR RADAR-LIDAR
Cu in thetropics
Sc Mid-latitude anvil
The Centre for Australian Weather and Climate ResearchA partnership between CSIRO and the Bureau of Meteorology
Warm tropical rainMidlatitude and Tropical MCSsOrographic cloudsTime (UTC):
Protat et al.
ACCESS Hydrometeors yRegional Scale Validation
CloudSat-CALIPSO ACCESS ModelClouds + Convection − Cloudsat-Calipso are used to
identify cloud parameterisation y pissues
− Differences can be decomposed:
Clouds − Tropics: Overestimation of frequency of occurrence is a “cloud” parameterisationcloud parameterisation problem
− Southern Ocean: Convection Overestimation is a
“convective” parameterisation problem
The Centre for Australian Weather and Climate ResearchA partnership between CSIRO and the Bureau of Meteorology
problem
Protat et al.
EOS Coordination Australian Space Policy Unit
B hfi id tifi ti I L i ti T ki
Earth Observations Position, Navigation and Timing• Earth observations are used by
150+ state and federal Bushfire identification
Mapping Weather forecasting
Imagery
Emergency beacons
Logistics Tracking150+ state and federal agencies
A t li ’ S t llit Utili ti Monitoring deforestation
Soil analysis
Carbon accounting
Resource exploration Precision farming
Autonomous mining• Australia’s Satellite Utilisation Policy
Agricultural monitoring
Assessing biosecurity
Climate monitoring
Water management Precise timing for
Precise measurementsfor construction
• Coordinate EOS and GNSS
– Protection of radio spectrum Assessing biosecurity Water management scientific experimentsp
– Communications infrastructure
– Reception facilities
Environmental Applications: Hydrodynamic Modelling
• Predictive capabilities enable improved management decisionsg
• Bureau’s has an operational ocean analysis and prediction system (OceanMAPS)
• Daily forecasts of temperature, salinity, sea level, and current velocity for oceans around Australia in
l ti t 10 k l tinear-real time at ~10 km resolution
• Bureau and CSIRO are developing a 4 km hydrodynamic model for the Great Barrier Reef tohydrodynamic model for the Great Barrier Reef to meet the needs of eReefs
– Uncertainties and representation issuesp
The Centre for Australian Weather and Climate ResearchA partnership between CSIRO and the Bureau of MeteorologyBrassington, Sandery et al.
Tropical Cyclones: ACCESS TCTropical Cyclones: ACCESS-TC
• Relocatable model for tropical cyclones and other high impact weatherimpact weather
• TC Lua had an irregular path, back tracking before crossing th A t li t 17 M h 2012the Australian coast on 17 March 2012
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The Centre for Australian Weather and Climate ResearchA partnership between CSIRO and the Bureau of MeteorologyRikus et al.
Impact of Satellite Information on Modeled Precipitation
• A study was undertaken of the severe weather event on 9 Nov 2011 when Melbourne and eastern Victoria9 Nov 2011 when Melbourne and eastern Victoria experienced thunderstorms, heavy rain, hail and flash flooding.g
– Bureau’s ACCESS NWP model was used to generate rainfall forecast three days in advancea a o ecas ee days ad a ce
– Assimilate/withhold satellite data comprising microwave, infrared sounders and scatterometer winds
Modeled PrecipitationModeled PrecipitationSatellite Observations Assimilated (ATOVS, AIRS, IASI, ASCAT)
The Centre for Australian Weather and Climate ResearchA partnership between CSIRO and the Bureau of MeteorologyLe Marshall et al.
Modeled PrecipitationModeled PrecipitationSatellite Observations Withheld
The Centre for Australian Weather and Climate ResearchA partnership between CSIRO and the Bureau of MeteorologyLe Marshall et al.
