Third Periodical ExaminationEarth Science

Name_______________________________________________Date_____________Score_____Rank___

For Test I. ERASURE MEANS WRONG.I. Multiple Choice. Write the letter of your answer to the question on the space provided.1-8. Choose the best possible answer to the following questions about The face and interior of the Earth."Top of Form

____1. From the center of the Earth outward, what are the three layers of Earth? a. crust - mantle coreb. mantle - crust corec. core - mantle crustd. core - crust - mantle

____2. Which of the following is the thinnest Earth shell? a. outer coreb. Mantlec. Crustd. inner core

3-10. Label the diagram with the appropriate terms. For each item below, select the letter that labels the correct part of the image. _______1. oceanic crust

_______2. mantle _______3. lithosphere _______4. inner core _______5. mesosphere _______6. continental crust _______7. asthenosphere _______8. outer core

11-18.Match the term with the appropriate description. Match each item on the left to the corresponding item at right.________________________________________________________________

1.lithosphere 2.asthenosphere3. mesosphere4. inner core5. outer core6. mantle7.continental crust8.oceanic crust A. the thin, rocky outer skin, topped by continentsB. the thin, rocky outer skin, topped by oceansC. a solid, rocky shell composing about 82% of Earths volumeD. solid iron-nickel alloy at the center of the EarthE. the strong lower mantle, below the asthenosphereF. a liquid layer at the top of the core, that generates Earths magnetic fieldG. weak, soft layer composed of the mantle beneath the lithosphereH. strong, rigid layer composed of the crust and the upper mantle

____19-20. All of the following are true about the Earths lithosphere except _______. (2 possible answers) Lithospheric plates are moving due to flow in the asthenosphere. The lithosphere is a single solid shell and the outermost layer. The lithosphere is either continental or oceanic based upon what type of crust is on top. The lithosphere is composed of crust and the upper-most mantle. The lithosphere is broken into several plates. The lithosphere is mostly about 100 km thick. The lithosphere is the Earths outermost skin. The lithosphere is above the asthenosphere.

____21.The oceanic crust is composed of dark igneous rocks called __________; whereas the upper continental crust has an average composition of a __________ rock. a. limestone/metamorphic b. shale/basaltic c. basalt/granitic d. granite/secondary e. none of the aboveEarth's Interior____1. Which of the following best describes the material that makes up the earth's asthenosphere? A. a rigid solidB. a solid that is able to flowC. a liquid at high temperature D. a gas under great pressure____2. The lithosphere is made up of the upper mantle and the A. crust B. Asthenosphere C. Hydrosphere D. core____3. The part of the earth that is solid but has the ability to flow is the A. lithosphere B. oceanic crust C. Asthenosphere D. inner core____4. Which zone of the earth is made up of liquid iron? A. the asthenosphere B. the outer core C. the upper mantle D. the inner core____5. The boundary between the earth's crust and mantle where the speed of seismic waves changes is called the A. Moho B. shadow zone C. Magnetosphere D. hydrosphere____6. Geologist believe the source of the earth's magnetic field may be the A. core B. Magnetosphere C. Crust D. magnetic pole____7.The mass of an object is defined by A. how much the object weighs on earth B. the amount of water the object displaces C. the strength of the pull of gravity on the object D. the amount of matter in the object____8. The shock waves produced by an earthquake are called __?__ A. seismic waves B. sonar wavesC. laser waves D. radiowaves

____9. The crust of the earth is made mostly of

A. oxygen & silicon B. iron & siliconC. iron & nickel D. copper & nickel____10. The layer that makes up most of the earth's mass and volume is the A. mantle B. Magma C. Crust D. core____ 1. The study of natural geologic systems is complicated by the fact thatA. the earth has formed over billions of yearsB. many geologic systems are too large to model accurately in the laboratoryC. rocks are chemically complex and may have been altered several times before the presentD. all of the above____2. Since the Earths formation,A. the only remaining rock forming material is lava.B. no rocks on the surface have remained unchanged.C. sedimentary rock has been the only new rock produced.D. the only remaining original material is metamorphic rock.____3. Which of the following elements is most common in the Earths crust?A. siliconB. CarbonC. OxygenD. sulphur____4. Which one of the following statements explains why the earth's surface has NOT been eroded to a flat plain, nearly at sea level?A. As the earth ages, weathering processes become less severe.B. The earth is not old enough to have undergone the necessary erosion.C. Parts of the earth's crust are continually uplifted by tectonic forces.D. Volcanic activity builds up the land surface faster than it can be eroded.E. Processes of erosion become less effective as the elevation of the land surface is lowered.____5. The main source of geothermal heat isA. convection currents. B. friction between the plates.C. radioactive decay of elements.D. chemical reactions in the mantle.____10. When the Earth's crust first formed, which rock type would have been most common on its surface?A. Plutonic.B. Volcanic.C. Sedimentary.D. Metamorphic.

____11. The two elements which together comprise approximately 74% of the Earths crust areA. iron and calciumB. oxygen and siliconC. sodium and potassiumD. magnesium and aluminum

____12. What do geologists think is the mechanism by which the plates move?A. tidal forces of the Moon and SunB. magnetic repulsion and attractionC. expansion of hot rocks at spreading centresD. convection currents in the asthenosphereII. Part 2

____1.An earthquakes epicenter is ____.a.the place on the surface directly above the focusb. a spot halfway between the focus and the surfacec.the spot below the focusd.any spot along the nearest fault____2.When an earthquake occurs, energy radiates in all directions from its source, which is called the ____.a.epicenter c.faultb.focusd.seismic center____3.Earthquakes are usually associated with ____.a.violent weatherc. large citiesb. faultsd.the east coast of North America____4.Which seismic waves travel most rapidly?a.P wavesc.surface wavesb.S wavesd.tsunamis____5.Which one of the following statements is true about P waves?a.They travel only through solids.b.They travel faster than S waves.c.They are the most destructive type of seismic wave.d.They cannot be recorded on a seismograph.____6.Which seismic waves compress and expand rocks in the direction the waves travel?a.P wavesc. surface wavesb.S wavesd. transverse waves____7.Overall, which seismic waves are the most destructive?a.P wavesc. compression wavesb.S wavesd. surface waves____8.What is the minimum number of seismic stations that isneeded to determine the location of an earthquakes epicenter?a.twoc.fourb. oned.three____9.What instrument records earthquake waves?a.seismogramc. Richter scaleb.seismographd. barometer____10.Tsunamis are ____.a.often generated by movements of the ocean floorb.waves that are produced by tidal forcesc.waves that cannot cause damage on landd.also known as tidal waves____11.The geographic distribution of the swimming reptile Mesosaurus provides evidence that ____.a.Europe was covered by a shallow sea when Mesosaurus livedb.a land bridge existed between Australia and Indiac.South America and Africa were once joinedd.the Atlantic Ocean was wider when Mesosaurus lived than it is now____12.What layer of Earth is labeled C in Figure 8-2?

____13.What layer of Earth is labeled E in Figure 8-2?a. the continental crustc. the oceanic crustb. the lithosphered. the mantle

____14.Wegeners continental drift hypothesis stated that all the continents once joined together to form____.a. two major supercontinentsb. two major supercontinents and three smaller continentsc. one major supercontinentd. three major supercontinents____15.The supercontinent in the continental drift hypothesis was called ____.a. Panthalassac. Mesosaurus b. Pangaead. Africa____16.According to the theory of plate tectonics, ____.a.the asthenosphere is divided into platesb.the lithosphere is divided into platesc.the asthenosphere moves over the lithosphered.the asthenosphere is strong and rigid____17.In the plate tectonics theory, the lithosphere is divided into ____.a.100 major platesb.7 major plates and many smaller platesc.many small plates, but no large platesd.50 major plates and many smaller plates____18.A divergent boundary at two oceanic plates can result in a ____.a.Sea floor spreadingc. continental volcanic arcb.volcanic island arcd. subduction zone____19.What type of boundary occurs where two plates move together, causing one plate to descend into the mantle beneath the other plate?a.transform fault boundaryc. convergent boundaryb.divergent boundaryd. transitional boundary____20.Which of the following is a geographic example of a transform fault boundary?a.the East African Rift valleyc. the Mid-Atlantic Ridgeb. the San Andreas Fault d. the Andes Mountains____21.New ocean crust is formed at ____.a.divergent boundariesc. continental volcanic arcsb. convergent boundariesd. transform fault boundaries____22.Which of the following results when divergence occurs between two oceanic plates?a.seafloor spreading c. an ocean trenchb. a subduction zoned. a volcanic island arc____23.What forms when one oceanic plate is forced beneath another plate?a.an ocean basinc. a subduction zoneb.an ocean ridged. a rift valley____24.The Himalayas in South Asia are an example of what type of plate boundary?a.convergent oceanic-continental boundaryb.convergent continental-continental boundaryc.divergent boundaryd.transform fault boundary____25.At a transform fault boundary, ____.a.new oceanic crust is formedb.oceanic lithosphere is destroyedc.lithosphere is neither destroyed nor producedd.new continental crust is formed____26.The Hawaiian Islands were formed when the Pacific Plate moved over ____.a.a subduction zonec.the Aleutian Plateb.an ocean ridged.a hot spot____27.According to whole-mantle convection, ____.a.small amounts of material from the lower mantle move upward to the surfaceb.slabs of cold oceanic lithosphere move down and into the lower mantlec.large chunks of continental crust are pulled down into the lower mantled.material from the inner core rises into the mantle to form super hot plumes____ 28. What type of plate boundary is illustrated in Figure 9-1?a. transform fault boundaryb. divergent boundaryc. convergent oceanic-oceanic boundaryd. convergent oceanic-continental boundaryPrepared by:RENZDY A. MEJILLAESR Teacher

Noted by:ELIGIA G. VILLAMAYORChairman Science Dept.

Noted by:WILFREDO F. CALUBAYANPrincipal II

____ 29. What layer of Earth is labeled C in Figure 9-1?a. asthenospherec. oceanic crustb. continental lithosphered. continental crust

____30. What process is illustrated by the area labeled G in Figure 9-1?a.seafloor spreadingc.Riftingb.continental volcanismd.subduction

____31.The broad, slightly dome-shaped volcanoes of Hawaii are ____.a. composite cone volcanoesc. pyroclastic volcanoesb. shield volcanoesd. cinder cone volcanoes____32.Most of the active volcanoes on Earth are located in a belt known as the ____. a. circum-Atlantic beltc. Ring of Lava b. Ring of Fired. East African Rift Valley____33. Which type of landform develops at plate boundaries where one oceanic plate descends beneath another?a. rift valleyb. volcanic island arcc. mountain ranges formed by a batholithd. lava plateau

Completion (2 pts each)Complete each sentence or statement.

34.The location on Earths surface above the point where an earthquake starts is the ____________________.

35.Movements that follow a major earthquake often produce smaller earthquakes called ____________________.

36.The theory of ____________________ states that Earths rigid outer shell is divided into about seven major segments.

37.The theory of plate tectonics states that Earths rigid outer shell is divided into several individual segments called ____________________.

38.The type of plate boundary where plates move apart, resulting in upwelling of material from the mantle to create new seafloor, is referred to as a(n) ____________________ plate boundary.

39.____________________ is the mechanism responsible for producing the new oceanic crust between two diverging plates.