3-5-15 Electricity Powerpoint - WordPress.com · 2020. 6. 3. · Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page...
87
ELECTRICITY 5 th Class Power Engineering Book 3, Unit 5, Chapter 15
Transcript of 3-5-15 Electricity Powerpoint - WordPress.com · 2020. 6. 3. · Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page...
ELECTRICITY5th Class Power Engineering Book 3 Unit 5 Chapter 15
Learning Outcome
Discuss the design and accessories of an electrical circuit describe the design and troubleshooting of electric motors
Objective 1
Explain electricity electric circuits and voltage drop
Elements
Primary substances that combine for all matter
Atom
Smallest particle of an element that possess all of the characteristics of that element
Molecule
Smallest particle of a particular kind of matter (a substance) that displays the properties of that substance
NaCl O2
CH4
Atoms form molecules by combining together
Model of the Atom
Made up of sub-atomic particles
Atoms
Atoms of each element have a unique number of protons
Number of protons is indicated by the atomic number in the periodic table
Same number of electrons as protons
Charge
Electrical Forces in Atoms
Electrical forces within an Atom
Valence electron
ldquoChargerdquo is Small
00000000000000000001602 coulombelectron
624 x 1018 eletronscoulomb
6240000000000000000 electronscoulomb
Amp = 1 coulombsecond
Valence Electrons
The electrons in the outer shell
Determines the way the atom behaves in chemical reactions and chemical bonding
The atoms of each element have unique number of valence electrons
Atoms Ions
Atom Ion
Protons = Electrons
Balanced charge electrically neutral
Protons gt Electrons
Unbalanced charge electrically positive
Metallic Bonding
Electrons in a wire
More like
Drift speedmdashapproximately 1 metrehr
Electricity
Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts
Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)
EMF
EMF
Measured in volts Joulescoulomb
Electricity
Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)
Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating
heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms
Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)
measured in volts (V)
Re-cap
Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom
Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom
Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of
electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons
EMF-Electromotive Force
Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes
AC DC
Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond
Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator
Electric vs Water Circuits
Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4
Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)
Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance
Water motor = electrical load
Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load
Voltage Drop
Voltage Drop
Voltage = force As work is done
Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to
continue to do work
Learning Objective 2
Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter
PowermdashRate of doing work
Power
Power
Power-rate of doing work
1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt
Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo
P = IE
Electrical Circuit Calculations
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Learning Outcome
Discuss the design and accessories of an electrical circuit describe the design and troubleshooting of electric motors
Objective 1
Explain electricity electric circuits and voltage drop
Elements
Primary substances that combine for all matter
Atom
Smallest particle of an element that possess all of the characteristics of that element
Molecule
Smallest particle of a particular kind of matter (a substance) that displays the properties of that substance
NaCl O2
CH4
Atoms form molecules by combining together
Model of the Atom
Made up of sub-atomic particles
Atoms
Atoms of each element have a unique number of protons
Number of protons is indicated by the atomic number in the periodic table
Same number of electrons as protons
Charge
Electrical Forces in Atoms
Electrical forces within an Atom
Valence electron
ldquoChargerdquo is Small
00000000000000000001602 coulombelectron
624 x 1018 eletronscoulomb
6240000000000000000 electronscoulomb
Amp = 1 coulombsecond
Valence Electrons
The electrons in the outer shell
Determines the way the atom behaves in chemical reactions and chemical bonding
The atoms of each element have unique number of valence electrons
Atoms Ions
Atom Ion
Protons = Electrons
Balanced charge electrically neutral
Protons gt Electrons
Unbalanced charge electrically positive
Metallic Bonding
Electrons in a wire
More like
Drift speedmdashapproximately 1 metrehr
Electricity
Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts
Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)
EMF
EMF
Measured in volts Joulescoulomb
Electricity
Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)
Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating
heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms
Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)
measured in volts (V)
Re-cap
Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom
Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom
Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of
electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons
EMF-Electromotive Force
Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes
AC DC
Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond
Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator
Electric vs Water Circuits
Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4
Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)
Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance
Water motor = electrical load
Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load
Voltage Drop
Voltage Drop
Voltage = force As work is done
Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to
continue to do work
Learning Objective 2
Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter
PowermdashRate of doing work
Power
Power
Power-rate of doing work
1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt
Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo
P = IE
Electrical Circuit Calculations
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Objective 1
Explain electricity electric circuits and voltage drop
Elements
Primary substances that combine for all matter
Atom
Smallest particle of an element that possess all of the characteristics of that element
Molecule
Smallest particle of a particular kind of matter (a substance) that displays the properties of that substance
NaCl O2
CH4
Atoms form molecules by combining together
Model of the Atom
Made up of sub-atomic particles
Atoms
Atoms of each element have a unique number of protons
Number of protons is indicated by the atomic number in the periodic table
Same number of electrons as protons
Charge
Electrical Forces in Atoms
Electrical forces within an Atom
Valence electron
ldquoChargerdquo is Small
00000000000000000001602 coulombelectron
624 x 1018 eletronscoulomb
6240000000000000000 electronscoulomb
Amp = 1 coulombsecond
Valence Electrons
The electrons in the outer shell
Determines the way the atom behaves in chemical reactions and chemical bonding
The atoms of each element have unique number of valence electrons
Atoms Ions
Atom Ion
Protons = Electrons
Balanced charge electrically neutral
Protons gt Electrons
Unbalanced charge electrically positive
Metallic Bonding
Electrons in a wire
More like
Drift speedmdashapproximately 1 metrehr
Electricity
Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts
Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)
EMF
EMF
Measured in volts Joulescoulomb
Electricity
Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)
Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating
heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms
Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)
measured in volts (V)
Re-cap
Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom
Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom
Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of
electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons
EMF-Electromotive Force
Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes
AC DC
Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond
Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator
Electric vs Water Circuits
Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4
Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)
Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance
Water motor = electrical load
Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load
Voltage Drop
Voltage Drop
Voltage = force As work is done
Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to
continue to do work
Learning Objective 2
Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter
PowermdashRate of doing work
Power
Power
Power-rate of doing work
1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt
Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo
P = IE
Electrical Circuit Calculations
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Elements
Primary substances that combine for all matter
Atom
Smallest particle of an element that possess all of the characteristics of that element
Molecule
Smallest particle of a particular kind of matter (a substance) that displays the properties of that substance
NaCl O2
CH4
Atoms form molecules by combining together
Model of the Atom
Made up of sub-atomic particles
Atoms
Atoms of each element have a unique number of protons
Number of protons is indicated by the atomic number in the periodic table
Same number of electrons as protons
Charge
Electrical Forces in Atoms
Electrical forces within an Atom
Valence electron
ldquoChargerdquo is Small
00000000000000000001602 coulombelectron
624 x 1018 eletronscoulomb
6240000000000000000 electronscoulomb
Amp = 1 coulombsecond
Valence Electrons
The electrons in the outer shell
Determines the way the atom behaves in chemical reactions and chemical bonding
The atoms of each element have unique number of valence electrons
Atoms Ions
Atom Ion
Protons = Electrons
Balanced charge electrically neutral
Protons gt Electrons
Unbalanced charge electrically positive
Metallic Bonding
Electrons in a wire
More like
Drift speedmdashapproximately 1 metrehr
Electricity
Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts
Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)
EMF
EMF
Measured in volts Joulescoulomb
Electricity
Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)
Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating
heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms
Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)
measured in volts (V)
Re-cap
Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom
Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom
Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of
electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons
EMF-Electromotive Force
Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes
AC DC
Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond
Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator
Electric vs Water Circuits
Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4
Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)
Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance
Water motor = electrical load
Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load
Voltage Drop
Voltage Drop
Voltage = force As work is done
Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to
continue to do work
Learning Objective 2
Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter
PowermdashRate of doing work
Power
Power
Power-rate of doing work
1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt
Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo
P = IE
Electrical Circuit Calculations
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Atom
Smallest particle of an element that possess all of the characteristics of that element
Molecule
Smallest particle of a particular kind of matter (a substance) that displays the properties of that substance
NaCl O2
CH4
Atoms form molecules by combining together
Model of the Atom
Made up of sub-atomic particles
Atoms
Atoms of each element have a unique number of protons
Number of protons is indicated by the atomic number in the periodic table
Same number of electrons as protons
Charge
Electrical Forces in Atoms
Electrical forces within an Atom
Valence electron
ldquoChargerdquo is Small
00000000000000000001602 coulombelectron
624 x 1018 eletronscoulomb
6240000000000000000 electronscoulomb
Amp = 1 coulombsecond
Valence Electrons
The electrons in the outer shell
Determines the way the atom behaves in chemical reactions and chemical bonding
The atoms of each element have unique number of valence electrons
Atoms Ions
Atom Ion
Protons = Electrons
Balanced charge electrically neutral
Protons gt Electrons
Unbalanced charge electrically positive
Metallic Bonding
Electrons in a wire
More like
Drift speedmdashapproximately 1 metrehr
Electricity
Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts
Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)
EMF
EMF
Measured in volts Joulescoulomb
Electricity
Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)
Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating
heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms
Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)
measured in volts (V)
Re-cap
Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom
Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom
Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of
electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons
EMF-Electromotive Force
Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes
AC DC
Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond
Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator
Electric vs Water Circuits
Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4
Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)
Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance
Water motor = electrical load
Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load
Voltage Drop
Voltage Drop
Voltage = force As work is done
Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to
continue to do work
Learning Objective 2
Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter
PowermdashRate of doing work
Power
Power
Power-rate of doing work
1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt
Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo
P = IE
Electrical Circuit Calculations
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Molecule
Smallest particle of a particular kind of matter (a substance) that displays the properties of that substance
NaCl O2
CH4
Atoms form molecules by combining together
Model of the Atom
Made up of sub-atomic particles
Atoms
Atoms of each element have a unique number of protons
Number of protons is indicated by the atomic number in the periodic table
Same number of electrons as protons
Charge
Electrical Forces in Atoms
Electrical forces within an Atom
Valence electron
ldquoChargerdquo is Small
00000000000000000001602 coulombelectron
624 x 1018 eletronscoulomb
6240000000000000000 electronscoulomb
Amp = 1 coulombsecond
Valence Electrons
The electrons in the outer shell
Determines the way the atom behaves in chemical reactions and chemical bonding
The atoms of each element have unique number of valence electrons
Atoms Ions
Atom Ion
Protons = Electrons
Balanced charge electrically neutral
Protons gt Electrons
Unbalanced charge electrically positive
Metallic Bonding
Electrons in a wire
More like
Drift speedmdashapproximately 1 metrehr
Electricity
Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts
Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)
EMF
EMF
Measured in volts Joulescoulomb
Electricity
Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)
Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating
heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms
Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)
measured in volts (V)
Re-cap
Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom
Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom
Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of
electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons
EMF-Electromotive Force
Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes
AC DC
Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond
Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator
Electric vs Water Circuits
Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4
Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)
Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance
Water motor = electrical load
Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load
Voltage Drop
Voltage Drop
Voltage = force As work is done
Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to
continue to do work
Learning Objective 2
Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter
PowermdashRate of doing work
Power
Power
Power-rate of doing work
1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt
Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo
P = IE
Electrical Circuit Calculations
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Model of the Atom
Made up of sub-atomic particles
Atoms
Atoms of each element have a unique number of protons
Number of protons is indicated by the atomic number in the periodic table
Same number of electrons as protons
Charge
Electrical Forces in Atoms
Electrical forces within an Atom
Valence electron
ldquoChargerdquo is Small
00000000000000000001602 coulombelectron
624 x 1018 eletronscoulomb
6240000000000000000 electronscoulomb
Amp = 1 coulombsecond
Valence Electrons
The electrons in the outer shell
Determines the way the atom behaves in chemical reactions and chemical bonding
The atoms of each element have unique number of valence electrons
Atoms Ions
Atom Ion
Protons = Electrons
Balanced charge electrically neutral
Protons gt Electrons
Unbalanced charge electrically positive
Metallic Bonding
Electrons in a wire
More like
Drift speedmdashapproximately 1 metrehr
Electricity
Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts
Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)
EMF
EMF
Measured in volts Joulescoulomb
Electricity
Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)
Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating
heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms
Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)
measured in volts (V)
Re-cap
Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom
Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom
Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of
electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons
EMF-Electromotive Force
Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes
AC DC
Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond
Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator
Electric vs Water Circuits
Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4
Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)
Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance
Water motor = electrical load
Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load
Voltage Drop
Voltage Drop
Voltage = force As work is done
Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to
continue to do work
Learning Objective 2
Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter
PowermdashRate of doing work
Power
Power
Power-rate of doing work
1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt
Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo
P = IE
Electrical Circuit Calculations
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Atoms
Atoms of each element have a unique number of protons
Number of protons is indicated by the atomic number in the periodic table
Same number of electrons as protons
Charge
Electrical Forces in Atoms
Electrical forces within an Atom
Valence electron
ldquoChargerdquo is Small
00000000000000000001602 coulombelectron
624 x 1018 eletronscoulomb
6240000000000000000 electronscoulomb
Amp = 1 coulombsecond
Valence Electrons
The electrons in the outer shell
Determines the way the atom behaves in chemical reactions and chemical bonding
The atoms of each element have unique number of valence electrons
Atoms Ions
Atom Ion
Protons = Electrons
Balanced charge electrically neutral
Protons gt Electrons
Unbalanced charge electrically positive
Metallic Bonding
Electrons in a wire
More like
Drift speedmdashapproximately 1 metrehr
Electricity
Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts
Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)
EMF
EMF
Measured in volts Joulescoulomb
Electricity
Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)
Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating
heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms
Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)
measured in volts (V)
Re-cap
Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom
Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom
Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of
electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons
EMF-Electromotive Force
Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes
AC DC
Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond
Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator
Electric vs Water Circuits
Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4
Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)
Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance
Water motor = electrical load
Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load
Voltage Drop
Voltage Drop
Voltage = force As work is done
Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to
continue to do work
Learning Objective 2
Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter
PowermdashRate of doing work
Power
Power
Power-rate of doing work
1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt
Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo
P = IE
Electrical Circuit Calculations
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Charge
Electrical Forces in Atoms
Electrical forces within an Atom
Valence electron
ldquoChargerdquo is Small
00000000000000000001602 coulombelectron
624 x 1018 eletronscoulomb
6240000000000000000 electronscoulomb
Amp = 1 coulombsecond
Valence Electrons
The electrons in the outer shell
Determines the way the atom behaves in chemical reactions and chemical bonding
The atoms of each element have unique number of valence electrons
Atoms Ions
Atom Ion
Protons = Electrons
Balanced charge electrically neutral
Protons gt Electrons
Unbalanced charge electrically positive
Metallic Bonding
Electrons in a wire
More like
Drift speedmdashapproximately 1 metrehr
Electricity
Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts
Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)
EMF
EMF
Measured in volts Joulescoulomb
Electricity
Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)
Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating
heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms
Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)
measured in volts (V)
Re-cap
Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom
Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom
Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of
electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons
EMF-Electromotive Force
Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes
AC DC
Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond
Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator
Electric vs Water Circuits
Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4
Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)
Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance
Water motor = electrical load
Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load
Voltage Drop
Voltage Drop
Voltage = force As work is done
Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to
continue to do work
Learning Objective 2
Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter
PowermdashRate of doing work
Power
Power
Power-rate of doing work
1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt
Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo
P = IE
Electrical Circuit Calculations
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Electrical Forces in Atoms
Electrical forces within an Atom
Valence electron
ldquoChargerdquo is Small
00000000000000000001602 coulombelectron
624 x 1018 eletronscoulomb
6240000000000000000 electronscoulomb
Amp = 1 coulombsecond
Valence Electrons
The electrons in the outer shell
Determines the way the atom behaves in chemical reactions and chemical bonding
The atoms of each element have unique number of valence electrons
Atoms Ions
Atom Ion
Protons = Electrons
Balanced charge electrically neutral
Protons gt Electrons
Unbalanced charge electrically positive
Metallic Bonding
Electrons in a wire
More like
Drift speedmdashapproximately 1 metrehr
Electricity
Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts
Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)
EMF
EMF
Measured in volts Joulescoulomb
Electricity
Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)
Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating
heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms
Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)
measured in volts (V)
Re-cap
Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom
Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom
Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of
electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons
EMF-Electromotive Force
Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes
AC DC
Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond
Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator
Electric vs Water Circuits
Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4
Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)
Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance
Water motor = electrical load
Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load
Voltage Drop
Voltage Drop
Voltage = force As work is done
Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to
continue to do work
Learning Objective 2
Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter
PowermdashRate of doing work
Power
Power
Power-rate of doing work
1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt
Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo
P = IE
Electrical Circuit Calculations
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Electrical forces within an Atom
Valence electron
ldquoChargerdquo is Small
00000000000000000001602 coulombelectron
624 x 1018 eletronscoulomb
6240000000000000000 electronscoulomb
Amp = 1 coulombsecond
Valence Electrons
The electrons in the outer shell
Determines the way the atom behaves in chemical reactions and chemical bonding
The atoms of each element have unique number of valence electrons
Atoms Ions
Atom Ion
Protons = Electrons
Balanced charge electrically neutral
Protons gt Electrons
Unbalanced charge electrically positive
Metallic Bonding
Electrons in a wire
More like
Drift speedmdashapproximately 1 metrehr
Electricity
Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts
Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)
EMF
EMF
Measured in volts Joulescoulomb
Electricity
Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)
Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating
heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms
Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)
measured in volts (V)
Re-cap
Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom
Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom
Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of
electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons
EMF-Electromotive Force
Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes
AC DC
Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond
Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator
Electric vs Water Circuits
Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4
Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)
Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance
Water motor = electrical load
Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load
Voltage Drop
Voltage Drop
Voltage = force As work is done
Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to
continue to do work
Learning Objective 2
Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter
PowermdashRate of doing work
Power
Power
Power-rate of doing work
1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt
Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo
P = IE
Electrical Circuit Calculations
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
ldquoChargerdquo is Small
00000000000000000001602 coulombelectron
624 x 1018 eletronscoulomb
6240000000000000000 electronscoulomb
Amp = 1 coulombsecond
Valence Electrons
The electrons in the outer shell
Determines the way the atom behaves in chemical reactions and chemical bonding
The atoms of each element have unique number of valence electrons
Atoms Ions
Atom Ion
Protons = Electrons
Balanced charge electrically neutral
Protons gt Electrons
Unbalanced charge electrically positive
Metallic Bonding
Electrons in a wire
More like
Drift speedmdashapproximately 1 metrehr
Electricity
Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts
Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)
EMF
EMF
Measured in volts Joulescoulomb
Electricity
Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)
Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating
heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms
Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)
measured in volts (V)
Re-cap
Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom
Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom
Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of
electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons
EMF-Electromotive Force
Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes
AC DC
Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond
Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator
Electric vs Water Circuits
Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4
Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)
Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance
Water motor = electrical load
Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load
Voltage Drop
Voltage Drop
Voltage = force As work is done
Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to
continue to do work
Learning Objective 2
Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter
PowermdashRate of doing work
Power
Power
Power-rate of doing work
1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt
Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo
P = IE
Electrical Circuit Calculations
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Valence Electrons
The electrons in the outer shell
Determines the way the atom behaves in chemical reactions and chemical bonding
The atoms of each element have unique number of valence electrons
Atoms Ions
Atom Ion
Protons = Electrons
Balanced charge electrically neutral
Protons gt Electrons
Unbalanced charge electrically positive
Metallic Bonding
Electrons in a wire
More like
Drift speedmdashapproximately 1 metrehr
Electricity
Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts
Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)
EMF
EMF
Measured in volts Joulescoulomb
Electricity
Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)
Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating
heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms
Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)
measured in volts (V)
Re-cap
Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom
Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom
Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of
electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons
EMF-Electromotive Force
Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes
AC DC
Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond
Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator
Electric vs Water Circuits
Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4
Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)
Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance
Water motor = electrical load
Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load
Voltage Drop
Voltage Drop
Voltage = force As work is done
Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to
continue to do work
Learning Objective 2
Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter
PowermdashRate of doing work
Power
Power
Power-rate of doing work
1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt
Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo
P = IE
Electrical Circuit Calculations
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Atoms Ions
Atom Ion
Protons = Electrons
Balanced charge electrically neutral
Protons gt Electrons
Unbalanced charge electrically positive
Metallic Bonding
Electrons in a wire
More like
Drift speedmdashapproximately 1 metrehr
Electricity
Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts
Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)
EMF
EMF
Measured in volts Joulescoulomb
Electricity
Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)
Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating
heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms
Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)
measured in volts (V)
Re-cap
Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom
Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom
Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of
electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons
EMF-Electromotive Force
Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes
AC DC
Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond
Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator
Electric vs Water Circuits
Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4
Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)
Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance
Water motor = electrical load
Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load
Voltage Drop
Voltage Drop
Voltage = force As work is done
Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to
continue to do work
Learning Objective 2
Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter
PowermdashRate of doing work
Power
Power
Power-rate of doing work
1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt
Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo
P = IE
Electrical Circuit Calculations
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Metallic Bonding
Electrons in a wire
More like
Drift speedmdashapproximately 1 metrehr
Electricity
Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts
Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)
EMF
EMF
Measured in volts Joulescoulomb
Electricity
Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)
Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating
heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms
Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)
measured in volts (V)
Re-cap
Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom
Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom
Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of
electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons
EMF-Electromotive Force
Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes
AC DC
Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond
Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator
Electric vs Water Circuits
Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4
Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)
Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance
Water motor = electrical load
Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load
Voltage Drop
Voltage Drop
Voltage = force As work is done
Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to
continue to do work
Learning Objective 2
Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter
PowermdashRate of doing work
Power
Power
Power-rate of doing work
1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt
Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo
P = IE
Electrical Circuit Calculations
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Electrons in a wire
More like
Drift speedmdashapproximately 1 metrehr
Electricity
Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts
Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)
EMF
EMF
Measured in volts Joulescoulomb
Electricity
Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)
Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating
heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms
Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)
measured in volts (V)
Re-cap
Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom
Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom
Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of
electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons
EMF-Electromotive Force
Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes
AC DC
Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond
Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator
Electric vs Water Circuits
Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4
Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)
Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance
Water motor = electrical load
Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load
Voltage Drop
Voltage Drop
Voltage = force As work is done
Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to
continue to do work
Learning Objective 2
Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter
PowermdashRate of doing work
Power
Power
Power-rate of doing work
1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt
Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo
P = IE
Electrical Circuit Calculations
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
More like
Drift speedmdashapproximately 1 metrehr
Electricity
Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts
Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)
EMF
EMF
Measured in volts Joulescoulomb
Electricity
Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)
Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating
heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms
Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)
measured in volts (V)
Re-cap
Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom
Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom
Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of
electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons
EMF-Electromotive Force
Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes
AC DC
Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond
Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator
Electric vs Water Circuits
Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4
Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)
Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance
Water motor = electrical load
Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load
Voltage Drop
Voltage Drop
Voltage = force As work is done
Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to
continue to do work
Learning Objective 2
Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter
PowermdashRate of doing work
Power
Power
Power-rate of doing work
1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt
Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo
P = IE
Electrical Circuit Calculations
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Electricity
Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts
Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)
EMF
EMF
Measured in volts Joulescoulomb
Electricity
Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)
Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating
heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms
Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)
measured in volts (V)
Re-cap
Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom
Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom
Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of
electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons
EMF-Electromotive Force
Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes
AC DC
Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond
Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator
Electric vs Water Circuits
Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4
Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)
Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance
Water motor = electrical load
Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load
Voltage Drop
Voltage Drop
Voltage = force As work is done
Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to
continue to do work
Learning Objective 2
Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter
PowermdashRate of doing work
Power
Power
Power-rate of doing work
1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt
Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo
P = IE
Electrical Circuit Calculations
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
EMF
EMF
Measured in volts Joulescoulomb
Electricity
Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)
Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating
heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms
Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)
measured in volts (V)
Re-cap
Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom
Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom
Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of
electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons
EMF-Electromotive Force
Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes
AC DC
Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond
Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator
Electric vs Water Circuits
Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4
Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)
Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance
Water motor = electrical load
Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load
Voltage Drop
Voltage Drop
Voltage = force As work is done
Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to
continue to do work
Learning Objective 2
Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter
PowermdashRate of doing work
Power
Power
Power-rate of doing work
1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt
Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo
P = IE
Electrical Circuit Calculations
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
EMF
Measured in volts Joulescoulomb
Electricity
Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)
Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating
heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms
Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)
measured in volts (V)
Re-cap
Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom
Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom
Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of
electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons
EMF-Electromotive Force
Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes
AC DC
Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond
Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator
Electric vs Water Circuits
Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4
Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)
Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance
Water motor = electrical load
Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load
Voltage Drop
Voltage Drop
Voltage = force As work is done
Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to
continue to do work
Learning Objective 2
Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter
PowermdashRate of doing work
Power
Power
Power-rate of doing work
1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt
Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo
P = IE
Electrical Circuit Calculations
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Electricity
Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)
Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating
heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms
Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)
measured in volts (V)
Re-cap
Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom
Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom
Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of
electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons
EMF-Electromotive Force
Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes
AC DC
Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond
Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator
Electric vs Water Circuits
Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4
Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)
Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance
Water motor = electrical load
Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load
Voltage Drop
Voltage Drop
Voltage = force As work is done
Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to
continue to do work
Learning Objective 2
Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter
PowermdashRate of doing work
Power
Power
Power-rate of doing work
1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt
Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo
P = IE
Electrical Circuit Calculations
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Re-cap
Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom
Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom
Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of
electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons
EMF-Electromotive Force
Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes
AC DC
Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond
Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator
Electric vs Water Circuits
Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4
Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)
Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance
Water motor = electrical load
Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load
Voltage Drop
Voltage Drop
Voltage = force As work is done
Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to
continue to do work
Learning Objective 2
Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter
PowermdashRate of doing work
Power
Power
Power-rate of doing work
1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt
Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo
P = IE
Electrical Circuit Calculations
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
EMF-Electromotive Force
Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes
AC DC
Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond
Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator
Electric vs Water Circuits
Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4
Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)
Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance
Water motor = electrical load
Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load
Voltage Drop
Voltage Drop
Voltage = force As work is done
Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to
continue to do work
Learning Objective 2
Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter
PowermdashRate of doing work
Power
Power
Power-rate of doing work
1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt
Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo
P = IE
Electrical Circuit Calculations
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
AC DC
Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond
Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator
Electric vs Water Circuits
Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4
Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)
Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance
Water motor = electrical load
Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load
Voltage Drop
Voltage Drop
Voltage = force As work is done
Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to
continue to do work
Learning Objective 2
Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter
PowermdashRate of doing work
Power
Power
Power-rate of doing work
1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt
Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo
P = IE
Electrical Circuit Calculations
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Electric vs Water Circuits
Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4
Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)
Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance
Water motor = electrical load
Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load
Voltage Drop
Voltage Drop
Voltage = force As work is done
Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to
continue to do work
Learning Objective 2
Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter
PowermdashRate of doing work
Power
Power
Power-rate of doing work
1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt
Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo
P = IE
Electrical Circuit Calculations
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4
Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)
Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance
Water motor = electrical load
Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load
Voltage Drop
Voltage Drop
Voltage = force As work is done
Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to
continue to do work
Learning Objective 2
Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter
PowermdashRate of doing work
Power
Power
Power-rate of doing work
1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt
Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo
P = IE
Electrical Circuit Calculations
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Voltage Drop
Voltage Drop
Voltage = force As work is done
Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to
continue to do work
Learning Objective 2
Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter
PowermdashRate of doing work
Power
Power
Power-rate of doing work
1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt
Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo
P = IE
Electrical Circuit Calculations
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Voltage Drop
Voltage = force As work is done
Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to
continue to do work
Learning Objective 2
Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter
PowermdashRate of doing work
Power
Power
Power-rate of doing work
1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt
Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo
P = IE
Electrical Circuit Calculations
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Learning Objective 2
Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter
PowermdashRate of doing work
Power
Power
Power-rate of doing work
1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt
Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo
P = IE
Electrical Circuit Calculations
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
PowermdashRate of doing work
Power
Power
Power-rate of doing work
1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt
Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo
P = IE
Electrical Circuit Calculations
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Power
Power
Power-rate of doing work
1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt
Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo
P = IE
Electrical Circuit Calculations
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Power
Power-rate of doing work
1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt
Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo
P = IE
Electrical Circuit Calculations
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Power-rate of doing work
1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt
Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo
P = IE
Electrical Circuit Calculations
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Electrical Circuit Calculations
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Measuring Power
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Current
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Energy-use
Energy used = Power x length of time used
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Energy
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Power then Energy
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Paying for Energy
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Paying For Energy
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Cost of energy
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Energy then cost
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Energy then cost
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Read the Meter
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Learning Objective 3
Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles
Explain the danger of electric shock
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Switches
Controls the flow of electricity to a device
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
FusemdashFig 7 amp 8
Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from
electrical overload (high current)
Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Circuit Breaker
Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts
flow
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Circuit Breaker
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Receptacle
Connection between device and building electrical supply
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Electrical Safety
Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue
Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Electrical Safety
Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act
Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Electrical work in Damp Locations
WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a
metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Learning Objective 4
Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and
troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Lighting Systems
Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Glare
Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without
looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Shadows
Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls
Good lighting needs to be mix
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Quality
Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo
Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17
The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix
The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs
Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components
Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized
electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Safe Work Procedure
SWP
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Learning Objective 5
Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections
Describe static electricity
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Common Electrical Problems
Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Ground Fault Interrupter
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Static Electricity
Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface
Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential
The electricity discharges in a spark
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Caused By
Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or
pneumatic conveyors
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Static Electricity Hazard
The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Four Conditions of Hazard
There must be a means for a static charge to develop
Enough energy must build up to cause ignition
There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)
The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Control Measures
Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives
No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Objective 6
Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and
troubleshooting of motors
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Induction
Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor
A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Transformers
Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
AC Motors
Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show
Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
AC Motors
Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at
rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Enclosures
Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but
prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled
TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and
outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process
httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Totally Enclosed Wash Down
Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Totally Enclosed Nonventilated
Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Totally Enclosed Air Over
Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Bearings
support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame
enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Sleeve Bearing
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Sleeve Bearing
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
Approval Marks
Manitoba page
