3-1 Dell Virtualization Advisor ec8-c94f-4602-9a41-c20382db1cd0&c=us&l=en&cs=555 Topic 2:

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Dell Virtualization Advisorhttp://advisors.dell.com/AdvisorWeb/Advisor.aspx?advisor=c82c3ec8-c94f-4602-9a41-c20382db1cd0&c=us&l=en&cs=555

Topic 2: vSphere 4 Deployment Guidelines

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http://advisors.dell.com/AdvisorWeb/Advisor.aspx?advisor=c82c3ec8-c94f-4602-9a41-c20382db1cd0&c=us&l=en&cs=555



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ESX 4.0 Installation

Topic 3: ESX Installation

•Non-VMFS formatted LUNs appear as unpartitioned•Unplug SAN if LUNs not needed during ESX Install

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Resetting root Password• If the root password for ESX Server is lost, you can

change the it on ESX Server without re-installing1. Power On or Reboot the ESX host and at the GRUB menu, press 'a'.2. Type “single” at the end of the line (after the word “quiet”).3. The ESX host will boot to a # prompt.4. Type 'passwd' and enter a new UNIX password twice for root.5. Type 'reboot'

Topic 6: Troubleshooting ESX Server

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Configure Physical NICs

Topic 2: Creating & Modifying Virtual Networks using CLI

esxcfg-nics –s 100 –d full vmnic1esxcfg-nics –s 1000 –d full vmnic2esxcfg-nics –s 100 –d full vmnic3esxcfg-nics –l

esxcfg-nics –s 1000 –d full vmnic0

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Configure Virtual Switchesesxcfg-vswitch –a vSwitch4:64esxcfg-vswitch –A PortVLAN101 vSwitch4

esxcfg-vswitch –L vmnic2 vSwitch4

VMNIC4

esxcfg-vswitch –A PortVLAN102 vSwitch4

esxcfg-vswitch –v 101 –p PortVLAN101 vSwitch4esxcfg-vswitch –v 102 –p PortVLAN102 vSwitch4



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Configure the VMkernel Portesxcfg-vswitch –a vSwitch4:16esxcfg-vswitch –A VMotion vSwitch4


esxcfg-route 172.16.1.1


esxcfg-vmknic –a –i 172.16.10.1 –n 255.255.0.0 VMotion

esxcfg-route –a 10.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 172.16.1.254esxcfg-route –l

vimsh -n -e “/hostsvc/vmotion/vnic_set VMotion”


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Adding a second Service Console



esxcfg-vswif –a –i 172.16.9.1 -n 255.255.0.0 -p SCon2 vswif1

esxcfg-vswitch –A SCon2 vSwitch4

esxcfg-vswitch –a vSwitch4:16

esxcfg-vmknic –a –i 172.16.10.1 –n 255.255.0.0 IPStorage

esxcfg-vswitch –A IPStorage vSwitch4

esxcfg-vswitch –v 33 –p SCon2 vSwitch4

esxcfg-vswitch –v 33 –p IPStorage vSwitch4


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Viewing Multipathing• Path States:

– Active (I/O), Active, Disabled, and Dead• Preferred path is designated with an *• Active (I/O) is the current path being used under Fixed and MRU

Topic 1: Storage Concepts

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• Enter the IP address/Port of each iSCSI target

• Maximum targets: 64

• Static Discovery– Enter iSCSI Target

Name• Dynamic

Discovery– Uses “Send

Targets” to discover LUNs and all available paths

Discovering iSCSI Targets

Topic 2: iSCSI Storage (GUI & Command Line)

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Configure Software Initiator: CHAP Authentication

Topic 2: iSCSI Storage (GUI & Command Line)

• Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) is disabled by default

• To authenticate the ESX Server to the iSCSI Target, enable CHAP and enter CHAP name and CHAP secret

• CHAP can be set for each target individually

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Viewing and Creating a VMFS Datastore

Topic 4: VMFS Datastores (GUI & Command Line)

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Add an Extent to your existing VMFS• The list of possible extents to add will not include LUNs

with an existing VMFS, or an RDM mounted to a VM


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Expanding your SAN LUN• You can expand a SAN LUN using Mfg. software• ESX 3 cannot stretch the VMFS partition on the LUN

– Same as adding an extent, results in multiple partitions combined– ESX 4 can perform dynamic expansion of VMFS volumes


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3

4

5

Process used here: 1. Use SAN software to add

another 200 GB to an existing 500 GB LUN

2. Rescan from Storage Adapters shows 700 GB LUN Capacity

3. Properties of existing 500 GB VMFS LUN shows Capacity of 700 GB but Primary Partition of 500 GB

4. Choosing Add Extent allows adding the extra 200 GB extent

5. The final VMFS will be 700 GB with two extents, not one large primary partition

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Manage vSphere Licenses

Topic 1: Licensing

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Guided Consolidation• Select which systems to analyze• Consolidation phase converts physical

machines to VMs

Topic 4: Managing vCenter Server

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vCenter Server 4 Database Sizing

Topic 5: Planning vCenter Server Deployment

Use different numbers to produce estimates

In vCenter 4 go to the Administration Menu & choose vCenter Server 4 Settings

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VMware Tools Configurable Features

• Time Synchronization• Tools on the taskbar• Upgrade Availability• Connected Devices• Preconfigured Scripts• Shared Folders and

Shrink are not available on ESX

Topic 1: Create a VM

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Deploy VM from Template

Topic 2: Create Multiple VMs, Templates & Clones

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Customization Specification Manager

• Specifications can be created, saved, copied, imported, exported or edited

Topic 2: Create Multiple VMs, Templates & Clones

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Import Virtual Appliances

• Select host or cluster• Import from VA marketplace, file, or URL• Appliance is validated for ESX prior to import

Topic 3: Virtual Appliances

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Enterprise Converter Usage• vCenter Server 4.01 Plug-in enables Converter• Enterprise Converter is an optional component during vCenter Server

installation

Topic 4: VMware Converter (P2V – V2V

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VMware Converter Standalone

• vCenter Converter Standalone can be installed on any computer• Client / Server architecture allows client and server to be on

different computers

Topic 4: VMware Converter (P2V – V2V

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VM Properties - Hardware tab

Topic 5: Manage VMs

DEVICE Add Edit RemoveFloppy OFF ON / OFF OFFCD/DVD OFF ON / OFF OFFNetwork Adapter ON/OFF ON / OFF ON/OFFUSB ON/OFF N/A ON/OFFSCSI Controller OFF OFF OFFHard Disk ON / OFF ON*/OFF ON/OFFParallel Port OFF OFF OFFSerial Port OFF OFF OFFSCSI Device ON/OFF N/A ON/OFF

ON = VM Powered OnOFF = VM Powered Off* = Can not have snapshots

Shown as Powered On

Remainder Shown as

Powered Off

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VM Properties - Options tab

Topic 5: Manage VMs

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Web Access Tasks

Topic 8: Web Access

When logged into vCenter, Datacenter and Alarm information is available

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Obfuscate will encrypt the link so that it’s options are not obvious

Generate Virtual Machine Shortcut

Topic 8: Web Access

• Provides a way to access a VM through a URL• Useful for including in an instant message or an e-mail message • Similar to the MMC Taskpad

Without either check box, the link points to the top of Web AccessWith the top checkbox, all VMs show, but tabs for Alarms, Tasks, and Events are not shownWith the second checkbox, only one VM will show with the tabsWith both checkboxes, the view is limited to a single VM with no tab options

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How VMotion Works

• Users currently accessing VM1-1 on ESX1

• Initiate migration of VM1-1 from ESX1 to ESX2 while VM1-1 is up and running

ESX Server 1

Shared Storage

Virtual Disk and Config files

ESX Server 2

VM1-1

Corp

Net

Net

wor

kVM

Moti

on N

etw

ork

ESX Server 1

Step One:

Step Two:• Pre-copy memory from ESX1 to ESX2• Log ongoing memory changes• Copy changed memory, Log new changes• Repeat copying changed memory until

remaining changes are small enough to copy during the quiesce

• Quiesce virtual machine on ESX1• Copy remaining memory to ESX2• Copy VM State information (registers, etc)

Step Three:

Step Four:• Start VM1-1 on ESX2• Users now access VM1-1 on ESX2

Step Five:• Delete VM1-1 from ESX1 after migration is

successful

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VM1-1 4

2

Mem

ory

2

Rem

aini

ng M

emor

y3

4

4

3

Topic 1: Configuring VMotion

4

VM s

tate

– R

egis

ters

, etc

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Cluster Map View:Host to Datastore

Topic 1: Configuring VMotion

Cluster Map View:Host to NetworkCluster Map View:Host to VMCluster Map View:VM to NetworkCluster Map View:VM to DatastoreCluster Map View:Host to Network and DatastoreCluster Map ViewHost Map View

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Storage VMotion in vSphere 4

Topic 2: Storage VMotion

• Built-in to the Migrate Wizard• VMotion or Storage VMotion,

not both at once• Can cold migrate both at once• Can reprovision (thin/thick) the

disk while migrating (hot/cold)

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Dynamic Balancing / History• Dynamic balancing

– Monitor VM, resource pool, and ESX host statistics– Balances and maintains resources for pools and VMs– DRS Recommendations of which VMs to migrate

Topic 3: Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS) Cluster

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Resource Shares• Dynamic resource management

– Only used if there is resource contention– Prevents a single VM from utilizing all the resources– Prioritizes specific VM resource usage during contention

1000 Shares – 25%

1000 Shares – 25%

1000 Shares – 25%

1000 Shares – 25%

Number of Shares Equal (each has 25%)

2000 Shares – 22%

1000 Shares – 11%

2000 Shares – 22%

4000 Shares – 45%

Changing Share Values(% varies on # of shares)

Topic 4: Resource Pools and Monitoring

Starting a VM changes resource allocation

2000 Shares – 20%

1000 Shares – 10%

2000 Shares – 20%

4000 Shares – 40%

1000 Shares – 10%

Turning off VM changes resource allocation

2000 Shares – 22%

1000 Shares – 11%

2000 Shares – 22%

4000 Shares – 45%

1000 SharesTurned off

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Expandable Reservations

Topic 4: Resource Pools and Monitoring

• Allow use of available parent resources when a Resource Pool’s Reservation for a resource has been reached

• Maximum of up to 12 levels of resource pools allowed• Events that trigger Expandable Reservation use:

– Power on VM– Create child resource pool– Change resource pool reservation

• What is necessary to start VM67-1 below?

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718 MB - 512 MB = 206 MB overhead

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Creating a Distributed Virtual Switch

• Created in Inventory Networking

Select which hosts are going to use this switch. Only unallocated NICs can be selected.

A default Portgroup called dvPortGroup can be created.

Topic 5: vNetwork Distributed Switches

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Edit dvSwitch Settings

Physical NICs can only be changed on the configuration tab of the ESX host.


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Edit dvSwitch Policy Settings

Security Policies can only be set at the Portgroup level

Both outbound and inbound traffic shaping can be set at either the dvSwitch level or the portgroup level

The uplink ports always support trunking. VLAN tags are only placed on packets if VLAN are defined at the portgroup level. Filter what VLANs are allowed on this screenNIC Teaming can

not be changed at the dvSwitch level


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Edit dvSwitch Port Group Settings

Port binding defines when port numbers are assigned to a VM for use by Teaming policies

Same options as Standard vSwitches


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Create Host Profile

• Host Profiles Screen or Hosts and Cluster Screen

Topic 6: Host Profiles

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Edit Host Profile

Each configuration option can be set as fixed or to prompt the user for specific settings when the profile is applied such as hostname.

Hosts attached to the profile are checked for compliance to the Configuration settings by default.

Topic 6: Host Profiles

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Create a Linked Mode Group

• During the vCenter Install Process

• After Install use the programs menu

Topic 7: Linked Mode Group of vCenter Servers

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Update Manager Baselines• Created for VM, VA, and Host patches• Choose which patches to apply• Patches are selected from the Patch Repository• Patch metadata must be downloaded prior to creating

a baseline

Topic 2: Patching with Update Manager

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Update Manager Tab

• Integrated into Virtual Center for hosts and VMs• Attach a baseline to scan or remediate (patch) host or VM• Scans and patching can be run immediately or can be

scheduled


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Update Manager Remediation Defaults and Configuration Options• Guest Settings - Snapshot a VM prior to installing a

patch, can auto delete the snapshot• ESX Host Settings - Maintenance mode failure options• Port Settings configuration


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Update Manager Downloads• Schedule the download of patches• Repository Location

– Set during Install• C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application Data\

VMware\VMware Update Manager\Data (Default)– Configured After Install• Modify <patchStore> tag in C:\Program Files\VMware\

Infrastructure\Update Manager\vci-integrity.xml file


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Remediation • ESX Hosts use the Hosts and Clusters View• VMs use the Virtual Machines and Templates View

Now Remediate a Host


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ESX Upgrade using Update Manager

• Use Host Upgrade option in New Baseline Wizard• Attach Baseline and Remediate as usual• Can be used to upgrade 3.x to 4.x

ISO only needs to be uploaded one time per version

Topic 3: Upgrades and Migrations

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1 - Course Introduction and Methodology2 - Virtualization Overview3 - Planning and Installing ESX4 - Using Tools to Administer a VMware Environment5 - Configuring Networking6 - Configuring Storage7 - vCenter Server and Licensing8 - VM Creation, Configuration, and Snapshots9 - Security and Permissions10 - Advanced ESX and vCenter Management11 - Patching and Upgrading ESX12 - Disaster Recovery and Backup13 - Server and VM Monitoring14 - Installing and Configuring ESXi

VMware Ultimate BootcampTM

Chapter 12

Learn IT! Do IT! Know IT!

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VMware HA in Action

VC ServerESX Server

Virtual Machine B

Virtual Machine C

ESX Server

Virtual Machine D

Virtual Machine A

Virtual Machine E

Virtual Machine F

ESX Server

Virtual Machine B

Virtual Machine A

Topic 2: High Availability (HA)

HA

HA

HA

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Host Isolation

SwitchESX Server

Virtual Machine B

Virtual Machine C

ESX Server

Virtual Machine D

Virtual Machine A

Virtual Machine E

Virtual Machine F

ESX Server

Virtual Machine B

Virtual Machine A


HA

HA

HA

• Network problems can create host isolation conditions

• VMware HA waits 15 seconds before determining host isolation– This interval is configurable in Advanced Options under HA Settings

(das.failuredetectiontime = # of milliseconds, 15000 is the default)

• Two Isolation Response Choices• Power Off VMs so new host(s) can power them on or• Leave VMs Powered (locked)

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HA VM Monitoring

• Will restart a VM if the VMware Tools Heartbeat is not seen for a specified period of time.


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Configure Virtual Appliance• Configure Network via Console or Web Interface• Login to console to change root password– Default password: vmw@re

Topic 7: VMware Date Recovery

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Configure Data Recovery Appliance and Setup Backup Job• Login and Run the Getting Started Wizard

Backups will occur once per day during the Backup Window

Topic 7: VMware Date Recovery

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Customize Performance Chart

Use a Stacked Graph to drill down to find a problem

Hover over a color bar to get detailed information

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Veeam Monitor Demo

Topic 2: VM Performance Monitoring

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Alarm Settings

•Click in each column to change setting•Values in Drop downs can be overwritten by typing

Over 100 Virtual Machine Event

Triggers to choose from

There are 9 Host state TriggersThere are almost 100 Host Event Triggers

There are 27 Cluster specific Triggers

Use these settings to avoid alarms repeating over short periods of time or small changes to trigger

thresholds

Once an alarm has been triggered, Now What?

10 choices for Virtual MachinesChoose when and how often to act.

9 more choices for HostsJust the 3 basic Actions

available for Cluster Alarms

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Demo: Installation of ESXi 4.0

Topic 2: ESXi Installation

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3-1 Dell Virtualization Advisor ec8-c94f-4602-9a41-c20382db1cd0&c=us&l=en&cs=555 Topic 2:

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