2.03 Remember the stuctures of the lymphatic system Structures of the lymphatic system Lymph fluid...
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2.03 Remember the stuctures of the lymphatic system Structures of the lymphatic system Lymph fluid Lymph fluid 1 Lymph glands Lymph glands Lymph vessels Lymph vessels Lymph nodes Lymph nodes
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Transcript of 2.03 Remember the stuctures of the lymphatic system Structures of the lymphatic system Lymph fluid...
2.03 Remember the stuctures of the lymphatic system
Structures of the lymphatic system
Lymph fluidLymph fluid
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Lymph glandsLymph glands
Lymph vesselsLymph vessels
Lymph nodesLymph nodes
The Lymphatic SystemWhat are the functions of the lymphatic system?1- Fluid Balance (Lymph acts an intermediary between blood in capillaries and interstitial tissue/cells and lymph vessels transport excess fluid back into blood.)
2-Lymphocyte Production (Lymph
Nodes, Spleen and Thymus)
3-Filtration (Lymph Nodes/Tonsils)
4-Immunity
2.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the lymphatic system
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The Lymphatic System
2.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the lymphatic system
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Immunity _________________________________________________________
Acquired Immunity _________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Natural Immunity ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Passive Acquired Immunity
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Active Acquired Immunity
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________
Natural Acquired Immunity
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Artificial Acquired Immunity
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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CompleteCompleteImmunity NotesImmunity Notes
HandoutHandout
2.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the lymphatic system
The Lymphatic System
Immunity Sometimes pathogens and foreign invaders penetrate a person’s first line of defense; unbroken skin—the body’s ability to resist these invaders and diseases they cause iscalled Immunity.2 general types are:Natural Immunity Acquired Immunity
Think about how
sneezing relates to
immunity.
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2.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the lymphatic system
The Lymphatic System
Natural immunity The immunity you are naturally born with
(unbroken skin, secretions, mucus, tears,
WBCs, inflammatory response.)
Acquired ImmunityWhen body encounters foreign invaders it creates a
substance to fight it (antibody)and tries to make itself
permanently resistant to invader. Develops over lifetime
May be passive or active5
2.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the lymphatic system
The Lymphatic System
Acquired immunity: PassiveBorrowed immunityBorrowed immunity
Acquired artificially by injecting antibodies from the blood of other Acquired artificially by injecting antibodies from the blood of other people or animals into a person’speople or animals into a person’s
body to protect them from a specific diseasebody to protect them from a specific disease
produces immediate immunity that lasts onlyproduces immediate immunity that lasts only
from 3-5 weeks, then the antibodies are from 3-5 weeks, then the antibodies are
inactivated by person’s own immune system.inactivated by person’s own immune system.
Provides immediate temporary protectionProvides immediate temporary protection
Ex: baby acquires PAI at birth &Ex: baby acquires PAI at birth &
from breastfeeding. from breastfeeding.
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2.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the lymphatic system
The Lymphatic System
Acquired immunity: ActiveLasts longerLasts longer
2 types of Active Acquired Imm.2 types of Active Acquired Imm.
1)1)Natural Natural
2)2)ArtificialArtificial
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The Lymphatic System
Result of having had and recovered from a diseaseAs the body produces antibodies to combat future infection
Ex: Chicken Pox
Acquired immunity: Active Natural
2.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the lymphatic system
The Lymphatic System
Acquired immunity: Active ArtificialInoculation; receiving vaccine gives person a mild Inoculation; receiving vaccine gives person a mild form of the disease so form of the disease so
they can create antibodies tothey can create antibodies to
fight future infection.fight future infection.
Ex: Hepatitis B, Measles, Ex: Hepatitis B, Measles,
Mumps, Rubella, VaricellaMumps, Rubella, Varicella
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The Lymphatic System
Acquired immunity Active Artificial
Should immunizations be required? Why or why not?
2.03 Remember the stuctures of the lymphatic system
Structures of the lymphatic system
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Lymph fluid-similar to plasma•straw-colored•clear•tissue fluid•Carries digested
food, O2, andhormones to tissue
cells. - Carries wastes (CO2, &urea) from tissue cells back to capillaries for excretion.
2.03 Remember the stuctures of the lymphatic system
Structures of the lymphatic system
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Lymph vessels•parallel to blood vessels•No pump, so transports lymph •by pushing it thru vessels via contraction of skeletal muscles
2.03 Remember the stuctures of the lymphatic system
Structures of the lymphatic system
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Lymph vessels parallel to blood vessels
2.03 Remember the stuctures of the lymphatic system
Structures of the lymphatic system
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Lymph vessels•Lacteals
• Specialized lymph vessels in the small intestines
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Lymph surrounding tissue cells enters small lymph vessels—which join to form larger lymph vessels (lymphatics) eventually forming 2 main Lymphatics
• Thoracic duct• AKA called the Left
Lymphatic duct• receives lymph from
the left side, abdomen, empties into heart
• Right Lymphatic ducto receives lymph from R
arm, upper R side head and upper trunk empties into heart
• Lymph flows only in one direction-from body organs to
• the Heart.
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Structures of the lymphatic system
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Lymph nodesLymph nodes•tiny, oval-shaped tiny, oval-shaped structuresstructures•range in size from a range in size from a pinhead to an almondpinhead to an almond
Lymph node
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Lymph nodesActs as a filter for pathogens or foreign substances, produces lymphocytes (WBCs)which enter blood stream and produce antibodies.Can become inflamed if large qty harmful substances cannot be destroyed by lymphocytes.Found in clusters in axillary (armpit), cervical, groin, and abdominal areas.
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Structures of the lymphatic system
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Tonsils-Lymph Nodes•3 pairs•masses of lymphatic tissue
1. Palatine tonsilssides of throat
2. Adenoids•upper throat•(pharynx)
3. Lingual tonsils•back of tongue
2.03 Remember the stuctures of the lymphatic system
Structures of the lymphatic system
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Since Tonsils are lymph nodes, they play an Important part in our immunity.Tonsils get smaller as person ages. “Why?”
2.03 Remember the stuctures of the lymphatic system
Structures of the lymphatic system
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Spleen• Sac-like mass• Largest lymphatic • Located in the LUQ• Stores RBCs• Destroys old RBCs• Forms WBCs• Filters blood
2.03 Remember the stuctures of the lymphatic system
Thymus glandThymus gland • located in the located in the
upper, upper, anterior chestanterior chest• also an endocrine also an endocrine
gland (secretes gland (secretes hormones)hormones)
• Produces lymphocytesProduces lymphocytes• Large in children, gets Large in children, gets
smaller as agesmaller as age21
Structures of the lymphatic system
Lymphatic System Diseases/DisordersLymphatic System Diseases/Disorders
Hypersensitivity/Allergic-When body’s immune Hypersensitivity/Allergic-When body’s immune system fails to protect itself against foreign system fails to protect itself against foreign materials, anti-bodies form and cause irritation; rash, materials, anti-bodies form and cause irritation; rash, sneezing, etc… Occurs in people who are sneezing, etc… Occurs in people who are hypersensitive/allergic to allergens such as grass, hypersensitive/allergic to allergens such as grass, animals, medicines, foods, bees, etc..animals, medicines, foods, bees, etc..
Tx: stay away from allergens, or take antihistaminesTx: stay away from allergens, or take antihistamines
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The Lymphatic SystemAnaphylactic shock
Severe and sometimes fatal allergic reaction to an Severe and sometimes fatal allergic reaction to an allergen. Result of an antigen-antibody reaction that allergen. Result of an antigen-antibody reaction that causes massive release of histamines (increases causes massive release of histamines (increases secretions)secretions)
What are the symptoms?What are the symptoms? breathing problems (dyspnea), hypotension, headache, breathing problems (dyspnea), hypotension, headache,
facial swelling, stomach cramps, vomitingfacial swelling, stomach cramps, vomiting Treatment? EpiPenTreatment? EpiPen
injection of Adrenalin/injection of Adrenalin/
AntihistamineAntihistamine2.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the lymphatic system
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http://youtu.be/EN83hen4D-Y
Go to this link for instructions on Epi Pen administration
The Lymphatic System
HIV-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Blood-borne pathogen that destroys lymphocytes of
body’s immune system No sxs or may have mild flu-like sxs that disappear
within a week that may not occur for
another 10 years or more.
Transmitted thru blood, sex,
In utero to babies, and sharing of
IV drugs. No treatment/cure!
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The Lymphatic SystemAcquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)- Text 321-324 Also go to AIDShealth.org for
More information on HIV/AIDS
What is the history of the disease?
Give a description of the disease:
What is the incubation period?
What are the symptoms?
What is the treatment?
Prognosis?
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The Lymphatic System
CancerGo to American Cancer Society.org for more information
What is cancer?
Who gets cancer?
Why is it included in the lymphatic system?
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The Lymphatic System
Hodgkin’s disease :American Cancer Society.org
What is Hodgkin’s disease?
What are the symptoms?
How is it treated?
Who is most likely to develop
Hodgkin’s disease?2.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the lymphatic system
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The Lymphatic System
Infectious mononucleosis
What is mononucleosis most often called?
What causes it?
How is it treated?
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The Lymphatic System
Lupus erythematosusWhat is the classic symptom of What is the classic symptom of lupus?lupus?
What other symptoms might What other symptoms might present?present?
How is lupus managed? How is lupus managed?
What is the prognosis?What is the prognosis?
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The Lymphatic System
Lymphadenitis
What is it?
Lymph aden itis
What are the symptoms?
How is it treated?
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The Lymphatic System
Lymphedema
What is it?
What causes it?
How is it treated?
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Photo used with written permission by the Mayo Clinic.
The Lymphatic System
Scleroderma
What is it?
What causes it?
What are some complications of
scleroderma?
How is it treated?
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The Lymphatic System
TonsillitisWhat are the symptoms?
What are the usual treatments?
Why would you have your tonsils removed?
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