Introduction of Vietnam Household Biogas Digesters

Speaker: Tran Hai Anh (MSc., MBA) 2002 SESAM Student

2015 Alumni Workshop – Flensburg

Content

1. Vietnam country 2. Introduction of household biogas 3. Vietnam household biogas models 4. Evaluations and Comparisons of household biogas 5. Biogas programs Vietnam 6. Conclusions

1. Vietnam Overview

1.1 Fast Growing and Dynamic Nation

Mainland Area: 331.690 km2 Political regime: Socialist Republic of Vietnam

The Communist party is leading party. Population: 90.5 million Labor force: 50.137 million Currency: DONG (VND)

1US$ = 22,340 VND 1 NOK= 2,655 VND)

GDP growth rate: 6.0% (2014) 6.2% (forecasted 2015)

National special cities: Hanoi - the capital Hochiminh city – the center of business and finance

National cities: Hai Phong, Da Nang, Can Tho Labor cost Minimum salary for workers in Hanoi USD 145/month

Minimum salary for workers in Hochiminh city USD 149/month

1.2 Powerful Manufacturing Nation

3rd world footwear and handbag exporter.

5th world garment exporter.

6th world furniture exporter. 10th world electronic device exporter

(78% growing rate p.a.).

1.3 Powerful Agriculture Nation

1st world pepper exporter.

1st world catfish exporter.

2nd world coffee exporter.

2nd world rice exporter.

2nd world cashew exporter.

2nd world cassava exporter.

5th world tee exporter.

2. Introduction of household biogas

2.1 Household Biogas Concept

1. Biogas for cooking.

2. Biogas for lighting.

3. Biogas for electricity

4. Bio-slurry for fertilizer

HOUSEHOLD BIOGAS LAYOUT

Breeding facility

Intake tank

Overall lock

Gas pipe

Biogas Digester

Bio- slurry tank

2.2 Fixed Dome Components

1. Intake tank 2. Inlet pipe

3. Digester 4. Gas pipe

5. Outlet pipe 6. Compensation tank

2.3 Three In One Digester

Inlet Outlet Gas outlet

Gas holder

Digester

2.4 Working Principle

Intake tank

Digester Compensation tank

Outlet

0 level

Min. level

Intake tank

Digester Compensation tank

Outlet

0 level

Min. level

Intake tank

Digester Compensation tank

Outlet

0 level

Min. level

V = Vd + Vg +V0

3. Vietnam Household Biogas Models

3.1 KT1 & KT2 designs

KT1 KT2

3.2 Construction of KT1 &KT2

3.3 Composite design

400

1000mm

1000

400

R= 2600

Inlet: 800 Outlet: 900

1300

600

80

400

200

Gas outlet

Gas holder

Digester

Gas pipe

Outlet Inlet

Zero level

Over flow level

Min. level

3.4 Construction of Composite

3.5 KT 31 design

1. Digester

2. Gas holder

3. Inlet

4. Outlet

5. Gas outlet

6. Compensation tank

3.6 Construction of KT31

3.7 KT 31 – Large scale

3.8 Nylon bag

3.9 Construction of Nylon bag

3.10 Recycle plastic Design

3.11 Construction of Recycle Plastic Digester

3.12 Recycle plastic Design – Medium Scale

Inlet Compensation Tank Gas Pipe

3.3 Construction of Composite

4. Comparison and Evaluation

4.1 Household Biogas Models

Made from brick and composite: KT31

Three in one Composite

Made in brick KT1 & KT2

Nylon bag

Each models are built one in the North of Vietnam (colder) and one in the South of Vietnam (hotter)

4.2. Evaluation Criteria

1. Construction material (10 scores max.)

2. Convenient of construction method (20 scores max.)

3. O&M (30 scores max.)

4. Return on Investment (30 scores max.)

5. Sanitation (10 scores max.)

Total: 100 scores

4.3 Comparison in terms of construction materials

8.586.79

5.00

10.00

7.58

4.79 5.00

9.55

-

2.00

4.00

6.00

8.00

10.00

12.00

KT31-Northern

part

Composite-Northern

part

Nylongbag-

Northernpart

KT1 KT31-southern

part

Composite-Southern

part

Nylongbag-

Southernpart

KT2

Total score (10 maximum) Availability (5 maximum) Strength (5 maximum)

4.4 Comparison in terms of Convenient of construction

8.01

17.03

20.00

4.005.53

14.0616.17

0.500.00

5.00

10.00

15.00

20.00

25.00

KT31 - Thenorth

Composite- thenorth

Nylong bag -the north

KT1 KT31- thesouth

Composite- thesouth

Nylon bag - thesouth

KT 2

Total score (20 maximum) Soil excavation (5 maximum)Easy to contruct (5 maximum) Manday (5 maximum)

Score for construction method (5 maximum)

4.5 O&M Comparison

20.0

24.0

10.3

20.5 20.022.5

9.8

22.0

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

KT31 - thenorth

Composite-the north

Nylong bag-the north

KT1 KT31-thesouth

Composite-the south

Nylong bag -the south

KT 2

Total (30 maximum) Safety of the structure (6 maximum)Safety of end user (6 maximum) Gas productivity (6 maximum)

Easiness for O&M (6 maximum) Easiness to dectect failure and to repair

4.6 Comparison of ROI

12.2610.01

16.6619.40

12.4811.23

16.6617.89

0.00

5.00

10.00

15.00

20.00

25.00

KT31 - thenorth

Composite- thenorth

Nylon bag KT1 KT31- theSouth

Composite- thesouth

Nylon bag - thesouth

KT 2

Total score( 30 maximum) Total investmetn csot (10 maximum) Average Anual investmetn cost (10 maximum)

Payback period (3.33 maximum) NPV (3.33 maximum) IRR ( 3.33 maximum)

4.7 Comparison of Sanitation

No. Model Smell bad (5 maximum)

BOD 5, COD, coliforms (5 maximum)

Total (5 maximum)

1 KT31 5.00 5.00 10.00 2 Composite 5.00 5.00 10.00 3 Nylon bag 5.00 5.00 10.00 4 KT1-KT2 5.00 5.00 10.00

4.5 Overall Comparison

58.85

67.8361.96 63.90

55.5962.58

57.63 59.94

0.00

10.00

20.00

30.00

40.00

50.00

60.00

70.00

80.00

KT31 - thenorth

Composite-the north

Nylon bag- the north

KT1 KT31- thesouth

Composite-the south

Nylon bagthe south

KT 2

Total (100 maximum) Construction material (10 maximum) Construction (20 maximum)

O&M (30 maximum) Cost (30 maximum) Environment (10 maximum)

5. Vietnam Biogas Programs

5.1 Vietnam Household Program BP (the “Biogas Program for the animal husbandry sector of

some provinces in Vietnam”), supported by GDIS/EnDev

QSEAP (Quality and Safety Enhancement of Agricultural Products and Biogas Development Project), financed by ADB.

LIFSAP (Livestock Competitiveness and Food Safety Project), financed by WB, 2009-2012.

LCASP (Low Carbon Agricultural Support Project), financed by ADB, under implementation.

Others

5.2 Financial Support Mechanism

QSEAP: subsidy of EUR 50/ plant

LIFSAP: subsidy of EUR 176/ plant

LCASP: subsidy of EUR 150/ plant

BP 2003-2013: subsidy of EUR 50/ plant 2013-present: Result Based Finance: no subsidy but financial

incentive of EUR 50/ plant is given to masons/enterprises. 2013-present: receiving income from selling VER.

5.3 Vietnam Household Biogas

220 000 household biogas plants have been constructed

145 000 KT1 and KT2 under SNV program

20 000 KT1, KT2 and Composite under QSEAP

25 000 KT1, KT2 and Composite under LESAF

30 000 KT1, KT2, Composite, Nylon bag, others are under other programs or constructed purely commercial – basic.

6. Conclusions

Conclusion

Factor for successful:

Meet to market need

Strong R&D driving the market

Good cooperation among stakeholders

Strong participation of private sector

High return on investment.

Vietnam household biogas sector moving toward fully commercialization.

We would like to replicate the successful story in other countries.

Thank you for your attention Contact: Tran Hai Anh – Renewable Energy Specialist Tran_haianh@yahoo.com