2013 Lect4 Types of Pump

8/18/2019 2013 Lect4 Types of Pump

1/18

1. Centrifugal

2. Positive Diplacement

3. Non Mechanical Pump

Gear

Sliding vane

Screw

Peristaltic

memrane

!ater Pump

"et# air lift dll.

Gasoline

pump

$art

Characteristics PD Pump Centrifugal

Normal volumetric rate

Pressure difference per stage

%i&ed 'ariael

Self(priming

Numer of moving parts

)utput

!or*ing well at high viscosit+

,ow

$igh

%low

-es

Man+

Pulse

-es

$igh

,ow

Pressure

No

,ittle

Stead+

No

TYPES OF PUMP


2/18

causes a fluid to move by trapping a fixed amount of it and then forcing

(displacing) that trapped volume into the discharge pipe.

Some PD pumps or! using an expanding cavity on the suction side and a

decreasing cavity on the discharge side. "i#uid flos into the pump as the cavit$ on

the suction side expands and the li#uid flos out of the discharge as the cavit$

collapses. The volume is constant throughout each c$cle of operation.

POS%T%&E D%SP"'(EME)T PUMP

positive displacement pumps are"constant flow machines".

' relief or safet$ valve on the discharge side of the positive

displacement pump is therefore necessar$.


3/18

POSITIV !ISP#$%&T T'PS

eciprocatingtype positive displacement* piston or diaphragm pumps.

ineartype positive displacement* rope pumps and chain pumps.

otarytype positive displacement* internal gear+ scre+ shuttle ,loc!+flexi,le vane or sliding vane+ circumferential piston+ flexi,le impeller+

helical tisted roots -e.g. the endel!ol,en pump/ or li#uid ring vacuum

pumps.


4/18

Piston

eciprocatingtype positive displacement

The$ consist of a c$linder ith a reciprocating plunger in them.

The suction and discharge valves are mounted in the head of the c$linder.

%n the suction stro!e the plunger retracts and the suction valves open causing suction of fluid into the

c$linder.

%n the forard stro!e the plunger pushes the li#uid out of the discharge valve.

Efficienc$ and common pro,lems*ith onl$ one c$linder in plunger pumps+ the fluid flo varies ,eteen maximum flo hen the plunger moves

through the middle positions+ and 0ero flo hen the plunger is at the end positions.

' lot of energ$ is asted hen the fluid is accelerated in the piping s$stem.

&i,ration and 1ater hammer1 ma$ ,e a serious pro,lem.

%n general the pro,lems are compensated for ,$ using to or more c$linders not or!ing in phase ith each other.


5/18

Diaphragm Pump Piston Pump

eciprocatingtype positive displacement


6/18

Vac**m P*mp


7/18

!*tch $r*+*i*s P*mp


8/18

ineartype

' rope+ a heel and a

P&( pipe are sufficient

to ma!e a simple rope

pump. For this reasonthe$ have ,ecome

extremel$ popular

around the orld


9/18

OT#'T'P

scre pumps

the shape of the internals of

this pump usuall$ one

scre turning in c$linder

or to scres turning

against each other pump

the li#uid.


10/18

a circular rotor rotating inside of a larger circular cavit$.

The centers of the circles is offset+ causing eccentricit$.

&anes are alloed to slide into and out of the rotor and seal on all edges+ creating

vane cham,ers that do the pumping or!

On the inta!e side+ the vane cham,ers are increasing in volume+ are filled ithfluid forced in ,$ the inlet pressure

On the discharge side of the pump+ the vane cham,ers are decreasing in volume+

forcing fluid out of the pump.

The action of the vane drives out the same volume of fluid ith each rotation.

Vane Pump


11/18

The fluid is contained ithin a flexi,le tu,e fitted inside a circular pump casing.

' rotor ith a num,er of 1rollers1+ 1shoes1 or 1ipers1 attached to

the external circumference compresses the flexi,le tu,e.

's the rotor turns+ the part of the tu,e under compression closes -or1occludes1/ thus forcing the fluid to ,e pumped to move through the

tu,e.'dditionall$+ as the tu,e opens to its natural state after the passing of the cam -1restitution1/ fluid

flo is induced to the pump. This process is called peristalsis and is used in man$ ,iological

s$stems such as the gastrointestinal tract.

Peristaltic Pump


12/18

2ear pumps%t consists of to meshed gears

rotating in a closel$ fitted casing.

Fluid is pumped around the outer

peripher$ ,$ ,eing trapped in the

tooth spaces.

%t does not travel ,ac! on themeshed part+ since the teeth mesh

closel$ in the centre. %t is idel$

used on car engine oil pumps+ and

also in various h$draulic poer

pac!s


13/18

Air Lift Pump,et P*mp

air inserted into pipe+

pushing up the ater+

hen ,u,,les move

upard+ or on pressure inside pipe

pushing ater up.

&O& %$-#&I$# P.%P

http://www.animatedsoftware.com/pics/pumps/hugedeep.gif


14/18

use pressure created ,$ gas -usuall$ air/. %n some

impulse pumps the gas trapped in the li#uid -usuall$

ater/+ is released and accumulated somehere in the pump+ creating a pressure hich can push part of the

li#uid upards.

%MPU"SE PUMPS


15/18

3am Pumps

4asic components of a h$draulic

ram*

5. %nlet 6 drive pipe

7. Free flo at aste valve

8. Outlet 6 deliver$ pipe

9. aste valve

:. Deliver$ chec! valve

;. Pressure vessel

' simplified h$draulic ram

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Check_valvehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Check_valve


16/18

initiall$+ the aste valve


17/18

CN/0%G, PMP


18/18

Impeller!iff*ser/ %*ltiStage

!inetic energ$ is added to the fluid

,$ increasing the flo velocit$.

This increase in energ$ is

converted to a gain in potential

energ$ -pressure/ hen thevelocit$ is reduced prior to or as

the flo exits the pump into the

discharge pipe.

This conversion of !inetic energ$to pressure can ,e explained ,$

the First la of thermod$namics

or more specificall$ ,$ 4ernoulli@s

principle.

2013 Lect4 Types of Pump

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Transcript of 2013 Lect4 Types of Pump