2012 Standard Specifications for Road, Bridge, and Municipal Construction

2010 Standard Specifications for Road, Bridge, and Municipal ConstructionStandard Specifications for Road, Bridge, and Municipal Construction
2012 M 41-10
2012 M 41-10
Ordering Information The 2012 Standard Specifications can be purchased from the Washington State Department of Printing website at www.prt.wa.gov.
Note: This publication is not for resale.
The 2012 Standard Specifications can be also downloaded, free of charge, from the following web page at www.wsdot.wa.gov/publications/manuals/m41-10.htm.
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Information Materials can be provided in alternative formats by calling the ADA Compliance Manager at 360-705-7097. Persons who are deaf or hard of hearing may contact that number via the Washington Relay Service at 7-1-1.
Title VI Notice to Public It is Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) policy to ensure no person shall, on the grounds of race, color, national origin, or sex, as provided by Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be otherwise discriminated against under any of its federally funded programs and activities. Any person who believes his/her Title VI protection has been violated may file a complaint with WSDOT’s Office of Equal Opportunity (OEO). For Title VI complaint forms and advice, please contact OEO’s Title VI Coordinator at 360-705-7082 or 509-324-6018.
Standard Specifications: 2012, Copyright © 2005, Washington State Department of Transportation. All rights reserved.
Foreword
These Standard Specifications for Road, Bridge, and Municipal Construction have been developed to serve as a baseline for the work delivered to the public by the Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT). The Standard Specifications are incorporated into the written agreement (Contract) between WSDOT as Contracting Agency and the Contractor, except where the Contract indicates that a particular specification has been amended or replaced with a special provision to resolve project-specific issues. The decision to amend or replace any standard specification with a special provision is made during the design process and is based upon the sound engineering judgment of the project designer.
These Standard Specifications reflect years of refinement through the literally hundreds of projects the Department delivers each year. In addition, the standards are the result of countless hours of development and review by both our internal WSDOT staff as well as our industry partners through the joint WSDOT/Associated General Contractors’ Standing Committees.
Finally, these standards reflect the contracting philosophy and balance of risk-allocation that the Department has adopted through the years. We believe that this balance of risks provides us the lowest final cost solution to our transportation needs. For example, shifting risk to the Contractor can provide more certainty on final cost, but may result in higher initial cost. On the other hand, accepting more risk by the owner can result in lower initial costs, but less certainty on the final cost. We at the Department of Transportation believe that we have reached the optimum point of balance for risk, and we will continue to consider this balance on all future specification revisions.
The language above indicates that these specifications are to be used only as a guideline during the design process, and that is true. Once they have been incorporated into a Contract, however, they become the legal and enforceable language of that Contract. The Standard Specifications, the Amendments to the Standards, and the Project Special Provisions, along with any attachments in the Contract documents, define a Contract and are no longer seen as guidelines. Rather, they are the written agreement, subject to revision only through the change order process.
This preface is for informational purposes only and is not to be used to interpret or affect the terms.
Jeff Carpenter, P.E. State Construction Engineer
Page ii 2012 Standard Specifications M 41-10
Foreword
2012 Standard Specifications
Division 4 Bases
Division 6 Structures
Division 7 Drainage Structures, Storm Sewers, Sanitary Sewers, Water Mains, and Conduits
Division 8 Miscellaneous Construction
Contents
Contents Division 1 General Requirements 1-01 Definitions and Terms ............................................................................................... 1-1
1-01.1 General ........................................................................................................ 1-1 1-01.2 Abbreviations .............................................................................................. 1-1
1-01.2(1) Associations and Miscellaneous ............................................. 1-1 1-01.2(2) Items of Work and Units of Measurement .............................. 1-2
1-01.3 Definitions ................................................................................................... 1-3 1-02 Bid Procedures and Conditions ............................................................................... 1-7
1-02.1 Prequalification of Bidders ......................................................................... 1-7 1-02.2 Plans and Specifications .............................................................................. 1-8 1-02.3 Estimated Quantities ................................................................................... 1-8 1-02.4 Examination of Plans, Specifications, and Site of Work ............................. 1-8
1-02.4(1) General .................................................................................... 1-8 1-02.4(2) Subsurface Information ......................................................... 1-10
1-02.5 Proposal Forms ......................................................................................... 1-10 1-02.6 Preparation of Proposal ............................................................................. 1-10 1-02.7 Bid Deposit ............................................................................................... 1-11 1-02.8 Noncollusion Declaration and Lobbying Certification ............................. 1-11
1-02.8(1) Noncollusion Declaration ..................................................... 1-11 1-02.8(2) Lobbying Certification .......................................................... 1-12
1-02.9 Delivery of Proposal ................................................................................. 1-12 1-02.10 Withdrawing, Revising, or Supplementing Proposal ................................ 1-13 1-02.11 Combination and Multiple Proposals ........................................................ 1-13 1-02.12 Public Opening of Proposals ..................................................................... 1-14 1-02.13 Irregular Proposals .................................................................................... 1-14 1-02.14 Disqualification of Bidders ....................................................................... 1-14 1-02.15 Pre-Award Information ............................................................................. 1-15
1-03 Award and Execution of Contract ......................................................................... 1-16 1-03.1 Consideration of Bids ............................................................................... 1-16
1-03.1(1) Tied Bids ............................................................................... 1-16 1-03.2 Award of Contract ..................................................................................... 1-16 1-03.3 Execution of Contract ............................................................................... 1-17 1-03.4 Contract Bond ........................................................................................... 1-17 1-03.5 Failure to Execute Contract ...................................................................... 1-17 1-03.6 Return of Bid Deposit ............................................................................... 1-18 1-03.7 Judicial Review ......................................................................................... 1-18
1-04 Scope of the Work ................................................................................................... 1-19 1-04.1 Intent of the Contract ................................................................................ 1-19
1-04.1(1) Bid Items Included in the Proposal ....................................... 1-19 1-04.1(2) Bid Items Not Included in the Proposal ................................ 1-19
1-04.2 Coordination of Contract Documents, Plans, Special Provisions, Specifications, and Addenda ..................................................................... 1-19
1-04.3 Vacant ........................................................................................................ 1-19 1-04.4 Changes ..................................................................................................... 1-20
1-04.4(1) Minor Changes ...................................................................... 1-21 1-04.5 Procedure and Protest by the Contractor .................................................. 1-21 1-04.6 Variation in Estimated Quantities ............................................................. 1-22 1-04.7 Differing Site Conditions (Changed Conditions)...................................... 1-23 1-04.8 Progress Estimates and Payments ............................................................. 1-24 1-04.9 Use of Buildings or Structures .................................................................. 1-24 1-04.10 Use of Materials Found on the Project ..................................................... 1-24 1-04.11 Final Cleanup ............................................................................................ 1-24
Page 4 2012 Standard Specifications M 41-10
Contents
1-05 Control of Work ...................................................................................................... 1-25 1-05.1 Authority of the Engineer ......................................................................... 1-25 1-05.2 Authority of Assistants and Inspectors ..................................................... 1-25 1-05.3 Plans and Working Drawings .................................................................... 1-26 1-05.4 Conformity With and Deviations From Plans and Stakes ........................ 1-26 1-05.5 Vacant ........................................................................................................ 1-27 1-05.6 Inspection of Work and Materials ............................................................. 1-27 1-05.7 Removal of Defective and Unauthorized Work ........................................ 1-28 1-05.8 Vacant ........................................................................................................ 1-28 1-05.9 Equipment ................................................................................................. 1-28 1-05.10 Guarantees ................................................................................................. 1-28 1-05.11 Final Inspection ......................................................................................... 1-28 1-05.12 Final Acceptance ....................................................................................... 1-28 1-05.13 Superintendents, Labor, and Equipment of Contractor ............................. 1-29
1-05.13(1) Emergency Contact List ........................................................ 1-29 1-05.14 Cooperation With Other Contractors ........................................................ 1-29 1-05.15 Method of Serving Notices ....................................................................... 1-30
1-06 Control of Material ................................................................................................. 1-31 1-06.1 Approval of Materials Prior to Use ........................................................... 1-31
1-06.1(1) Qualified Products List (QPL) .............................................. 1-31 1-06.1(2) Request for Approval of Material (RAM) ............................ 1-31 1-06.1(3) Aggregate Source Approval (ASA) Database ....................... 1-32 1-06.1(4) Fabrication Inspection Expense ............................................ 1-32
1-06.2 Acceptance of Materials ........................................................................... 1-33 1-06.2(1) Samples and Tests for Acceptance ........................................ 1-33 1-06.2(2) Statistical Evaluation of Materials for Acceptance ............... 1-33
1-06.2(2)A General ............................................................ 1-33 1-06.2(2)B Financial Incentive .......................................... 1-38 1-06.2(2)C Removed and Rejected Materials ................... 1-38 1-06.2(2)D Quality Level Analysis .................................... 1-38
1-06.2(2)D1 General ................................... 1-38 1-06.2(2)D2 Hot Mix Asphalt..................... 1-38 1-06.2(2)D3 Other Materials ...................... 1-39 1-06.2(2)D4 Quality Level Calculation ...... 1-39
1-06.3 Manufacturer’s Certificate of Compliance ................................................ 1-40 1-06.4 Handling and Storing Materials ................................................................ 1-40 1-06.5 Owners Manuals and Operating Instructions ............................................ 1-40 1-06.6 Vacant ........................................................................................................ 1-40
1-07 Legal Relations and Responsibilities to the Public .............................................. 1-41 1-07.1 Laws to be Observed ................................................................................. 1-41 1-07.2 State Taxes ................................................................................................ 1-41
1-07.2(1) State Sales Tax: Work Performed on City, County, or Federally-Owned Land ......................................................... 1-42
1-07.2(2) State Sales Tax: Work on State-Owned or Private Land ....... 1-42 1-07.2(3) Services ................................................................................. 1-42
1-07.3 Forest Protection and Merchantable Timber Requirements ...................... 1-42 1-07.3(1) Forest Fire Prevention ........................................................... 1-42 1-07.3(2) Merchantable Timber Requirements ..................................... 1-43
1-07.4 Sanitation .................................................................................................. 1-43 1-07.4(1) General .................................................................................. 1-43 1-07.4(2) Health Hazards ...................................................................... 1-43
1-07.5 Environmental Regulations ....................................................................... 1-43 1-07.5(1) General .................................................................................. 1-43 1-07.5(2) State Department of Fish and Wildlife .................................. 1-43
2012 Standard Specifications M 41-10 Page 5
Contents
1-07.5(3) State Department of Ecology ................................................ 1-44 1-07.5(4) Air Quality ............................................................................ 1-44
1-07.6 Permits and Licenses ................................................................................. 1-45 1-07.7 Load Limits ............................................................................................... 1-45
1-07.7(1) General .................................................................................. 1-45 1-07.7(2) Load-Limit Restrictions ........................................................ 1-45
1-07.8 High-Visibility Apparel ............................................................................. 1-46 1-07.8(1) Traffic Control Personnel ...................................................... 1-46 1-07.8(2) Non-Traffic Control Personnel .............................................. 1-47
1-07.9 Wages ........................................................................................................ 1-47 1-07.9(1) General .................................................................................. 1-47 1-07.9(2) Posting Notices ..................................................................... 1-48 1-07.9(3) Apprentices ........................................................................... 1-49 1-07.9(4) Disputes................................................................................. 1-49 1-07.9(5) Required Documents ............................................................. 1-49 1-07.9(6) Audits .................................................................................... 1-49
1-07.10 Worker’s Benefits ...................................................................................... 1-50 1-07.11 Requirements for Nondiscrimination ........................................................ 1-50
1-07.11(1) General Application .............................................................. 1-50 1-07.11(2) Contractual Requirements ..................................................... 1-50
1-07.11(2)A Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) Responsibilities ............................................... 1-51
1-07.11(3) Equal Employment Opportunity Officer ............................... 1-52 1-07.11(4) Dissemination of Policy ........................................................ 1-52
1-07.11(4)A Supervisory Personnel .................................... 1-52 1-07.11(4)B Employees, Applicants, and
Potential Employees ........................................ 1-53 1-07.11(5) Sanctions ............................................................................... 1-53 1-07.11(6) Incorporation of Provisions ................................................... 1-53 1-07.11(7) Vacant .................................................................................... 1-53 1-07.11(8) Vacant .................................................................................... 1-53 1-07.11(9) Subcontracting, Procurement of Materials, and
Leasing of Equipment ........................................................... 1-54 1-07.11(10) Records and Reports ............................................................. 1-54
1-07.11(10)A General ............................................................ 1-54 1-07.11(10)B Required Records and Retention .................... 1-54
1-07.12 Federal Agency Inspection ........................................................................ 1-54 1-07.13 Contractor’s Responsibility for Work ....................................................... 1-55
1-07.13(1) General .................................................................................. 1-55 1-07.13(2) Relief of Responsibility for Completed Work ...................... 1-55 1-07.13(3) Relief of Responsibility for Damage by Public Traffic ........ 1-55 1-07.13(4) Repair of Damage ................................................................. 1-56
1-07.14 Responsibility for Damage ....................................................................... 1-56 1-07.15 Temporary Water Pollution/Erosion Control ............................................ 1-58
1-07.15(1) Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasures Plan .......... 1-58 1-07.16 Protection and Restoration of Property ..................................................... 1-60
1-07.16(1) Private/Public Property ......................................................... 1-60 1-07.16(2) Vegetation Protection and Restoration .................................. 1-61
1-07.16(2)A Wetland and Sensitive Area Protection ........... 1-62 1-07.16(3) Fences, Mailboxes, Incidentals ............................................. 1-62 1-07.16(4) Archaeological and Historical Objects ................................. 1-62
1-07.16(4)A Inadvertent Discovery of Human Skeletal Remains ............................................. 1-62
1-07.16(5) Payment ................................................................................. 1-63
Contents
the Contractor ........................................................................ 1-63 1-07.17(2) Utility Construction, Removal, or Relocation by Others ...... 1-63
1-07.18 Public Liability and Property Damage Insurance ..................................... 1-64 1-07.19 Gratuities ................................................................................................... 1-66 1-07.20 Patented Devices, Materials, and Processes ............................................. 1-66 1-07.21 Rock Drilling Safety Requirements .......................................................... 1-66 1-07.22 Use of Explosives ..................................................................................... 1-66 1-07.23 Public Convenience and Safety ................................................................ 1-67
1-07.23(1) Construction Under Traffic ................................................... 1-67 1-07.23(2) Construction and Maintenance of Detours ........................... 1-69
1-07.24 Rights of Way ............................................................................................ 1-69 1-07.25 Opening of Sections to Traffic .................................................................. 1-69 1-07.26 Personal Liability of Public Officers ......................................................... 1-70 1-07.27 No Waiver of State’s Legal Rights ............................................................ 1-70
1-08 Prosecution and Progress ....................................................................................... 1-71 1-08.1 Subcontracting .......................................................................................... 1-71
1-08.1(1) Subcontract Completion and Return of Retainage Withheld 1-72 1-08.2 Assignment ............................................................................................... 1-73 1-08.3 Progress Schedule ..................................................................................... 1-73
1-08.3(1) General Requirements ........................................................... 1-73 1-08.3(2) Progress Schedule Types ....................................................... 1-74
1-08.3(2)A Type A Progress Schedule ............................... 1-74 1-08.3(2)B Type B Progress Schedule .............................. 1-74 1-08.3(2)C Vacant .............................................................. 1-74 1-08.3(2)D Weekly Look-Ahead Schedule ........................ 1-74
1-08.3(3) Schedule Updates .................................................................. 1-75 1-08.3(4) Measurement ......................................................................... 1-75 1-08.3(5) Payment ................................................................................. 1-75
1-08.4 Prosecution of Work .................................................................................. 1-75 1-08.5 Time for Completion ................................................................................. 1-76 1-08.6 Suspension of Work .................................................................................. 1-77 1-08.7 Maintenance During Suspension .............................................................. 1-78 1-08.8 Extensions of Time ................................................................................... 1-78 1-08.9 Liquidated Damages ................................................................................. 1-80 1-08.10 Termination of Contract ............................................................................ 1-81
1-08.10(1) Termination for Default ........................................................ 1-81 1-08.10(2) Termination for Public Convenience .................................... 1-82 1-08.10(3) Termination for Public Convenience Payment Request ....... 1-82 1-08.10(4) Payment for Termination for Public Convenience ................ 1-83 1-08.10(5) Responsibility of the Contractor and Surety ......................... 1-83
1-09 Measurement and Payment.................................................................................... 1-84 1-09.1 Measurement of Quantities ....................................................................... 1-84 1-09.2 Weighing Equipment................................................................................. 1-85
1-09.2(1) General Requirements for Weighing Equipment .................. 1-85 1-09.2(2) Specific Requirements for Batching Scales .......................... 1-86 1-09.2(3) Specific Requirements for Platform Scales ........................... 1-86 1-09.2(4) Specific Requirements for Belt Conveyor Scales ................. 1-87 1-09.2(5) Measurement ......................................................................... 1-87 1-09.2(6) Payment ................................................................................. 1-88
1-09.3 Scope of Payment ..................................................................................... 1-88 1-09.4 Equitable Adjustment ................................................................................ 1-89 1-09.5 Deleted or Terminated Work ..................................................................... 1-89 1-09.6 Force Account ........................................................................................... 1-90
Contents
1-09.7 Mobilization .............................................................................................. 1-93 1-09.8 Payment for Material on Hand .................................................................. 1-93 1-09.9 Payments ................................................................................................... 1-94
1-09.9(1) Retainage ............................................................................... 1-95 1-09.10 Payment for Surplus Processed Materials ................................................. 1-96 1-09.11 Disputes and Claims ................................................................................. 1-96
1-09.11(1) Disputes Review Board ......................................................... 1-96 1-09.11(1)A Disputes Review Board Membership ............. 1-97 1-09.11(1)B Disputes Review Board Procedures ................ 1-98
1-09.11(2) Claims ................................................................................... 1-99 1-09.11(3) Time Limitation and Jurisdiction ........................................ 1-101
1-09.12 Audits ...................................................................................................... 1-101 1-09.12(1) General ................................................................................ 1-101 1-09.12(2) Claims ................................................................................. 1-101 1-09.12(3) Required Documents for Audits .......................................... 1-102
1-09.13 Claims Resolution ................................................................................... 1-102 1-09.13(1) General ................................................................................ 1-102 1-09.13(2) Nonbinding Alternative Disputes Resolution (ADR) ......... 1-103 1-09.13(3) Claims $250,000 or Less ..................................................... 1-103
1-09.13(3)A Administration of Arbitration ....................... 1-103 1-09.13(3)B Procedures to Pursue Arbitration .................. 1-103
1-09.13(4) Claims in Excess of $250,000 ............................................. 1-104 1-10 Temporary Traffic Control ................................................................................... 1-105
1-10.1 General .................................................................................................... 1-105 1-10.1(1) Materials ............................................................................. 1-105 1-10.1(2) Description .......................................................................... 1-105
1-10.2 Traffic Control Management ................................................................... 1-106 1-10.2(1) General ................................................................................ 1-106
1-10.2(1)A Traffic Control Management ......................... 1-106 1-10.2(1)B Traffic Control Supervisor ............................ 1-107
1-10.2(2) Traffic Control Plans ........................................................... 1-108 1-10.2(3) Conformance to Established Standards .............................. 1-108
1-10.3 Traffic Control Labor, Procedures, and Devices ..................................... 1-109 1-10.3(1) Traffic Control Labor .......................................................... 1-109
1-10.3(1)A Flaggers and Spotters .................................... 1-110 1-10.3(1)B Other Traffic Control Labor .......................... 1-110
1-10.3(2) Traffic Control Procedures .................................................. 1-110 1-10.3(2)A One-Way Traffic Control .............................. 1-110 1-10.3(2)B Rolling Slowdown ......................................... 1-111 1-10.3(2)C Lane Closure Setup/Takedown ...................... 1-111 1-10.3(2)D Mobile Operations ........................................ 1-112 1-10.3(2)E Patrol and Maintain Traffic
Control Measures .......................................... 1-112 1-10.3(3) Traffic Control Devices ....................................................... 1-112
1-10.3(3)A Construction Signs ........................................ 1-112 1-10.3(3)B Sequential Arrow Signs ................................. 1-113 1-10.3(3)C Portable Changeable Message Sign .............. 1-113 1-10.3(3)D Barricades ..................................................... 1-113 1-10.3(3)E Traffic Safety Drums ..................................... 1-113 1-10.3(3)F Barrier Drums ............................................... 1-114 1-10.3(3)G Traffic Cones and Tall Channelizing Devices 1-114 1-10.3(3)H Tubular Markers ............................................ 1-114 1-10.3(3)I Warning Lights and Flashers......................... 1-114 1-10.3(3)J Transportable Attenuator ............................... 1-115 1-10.3(3)K Portable Temporary Traffic Control Signal ... 1-115
Contents
1-10.4 Measurement ........................................................................................... 1-116 1-10.4(1) Lump Sum Bid for Project (No Unit Items) ....................... 1-116 1-10.4(2) Item Bids With Lump Sum for Incidentals ......................... 1-116 1-10.4(3) Reinstating Unit Items With Lump Sum Traffic Control .... 1-117 1-10.4(4) Owner-Provided Resources................................................. 1-117
1-10.5 Payment ................................................................................................... 1-117 1-10.5(1) Lump Sum Bid for Project (No Unit Items) ....................... 1-117 1-10.5(2) Item Bids With Lump Sum for Incidentals ......................... 1-117 1-10.5(3) Reinstating Unit Items With Lump Sum Traffic Control .... 1-119
Contents
Division 2 Earthwork 2-01 Clearing, Grubbing, and Roadside Cleanup .......................................................... 2-1
2-01.1 Description .................................................................................................. 2-1 2-01.2 Disposal of Usable Material and Debris ..................................................... 2-1
2-01.2(1) Disposal Method No. 1 – Open Burning ................................ 2-1 2-01.2(2) Disposal Method No. 2 – Waste Site ...................................... 2-1 2-01.2(3) Disposal Method No. 3 – Chipping ........................................ 2-2
2-01.3 Construction Requirements ......................................................................... 2-2 2-01.3(1) Clearing ................................................................................... 2-2 2-01.3(2) Grubbing ................................................................................. 2-2 2-01.3(3) Vacant ...................................................................................... 2-3 2-01.3(4) Roadside Cleanup ................................................................... 2-3
2-01.4 Measurement ............................................................................................... 2-3 2-01.5 Payment ....................................................................................................... 2-3
2-02 Removal of Structures and Obstructions................................................................ 2-4 2-02.1 Description .................................................................................................. 2-4 2-02.2 Vacant .......................................................................................................... 2-4 2-02.3 Construction Requirements ......................................................................... 2-4
2-02.3(1) Removal of Foundations ......................................................... 2-4 2-02.3(2) Removal of Bridges, Box Culverts, and
Other Drainage Structures ....................................................... 2-4 2-02.3(3) Removal of Pavement, Sidewalks, Curbs, and Gutters .......... 2-4
2-03 Roadway Excavation and Embankment ................................................................. 2-6 2-03.1 Description .................................................................................................. 2-6 2-03.2 Vacant .......................................................................................................... 2-6 2-03.3 Construction Requirements ......................................................................... 2-6
2-03.3(1) Widening of Cuts .................................................................... 2-6 2-03.3(2) Rock Cuts ................................................................................ 2-6 2-03.3(3) Excavation Below Subgrade ................................................... 2-8 2-03.3(4) Sluicing ................................................................................... 2-9 2-03.3(5) Slope Treatment ...................................................................... 2-9 2-03.3(6) Deposit of Rock for the Contracting Agency’s Use ................ 2-9 2-03.3(7) Disposal of Surplus Material .................................................. 2-9
2-03.3(7)A General .............................................................. 2-9 2-03.3(7)B Haul ................................................................... 2-9 2-03.3(7)C Contractor-Provided Disposal Site.................. 2-10
2-03.3(8) Wasting Material ................................................................... 2-10 2-03.3(9) Roadway Ditches .................................................................. 2-10 2-03.3(10) Selected Material .................................................................. 2-10 2-03.3(11) Slides ..................................................................................... 2-11 2-03.3(12) Overbreak .............................................................................. 2-11 2-03.3(13) Borrow .................................................................................. 2-11 2-03.3(14) Embankment Construction .................................................... 2-12
2-03.3(14)A Rock Embankment Construction .................... 2-12 2-03.3(14)B Earth Embankment Construction .................... 2-13 2-03.3(14)C Compacting Earth Embankments ................... 2-13 2-03.3(14)D Compaction and Moisture Control Tests ........ 2-14 2-03.3(14)E Unsuitable Foundation Excavation ................. 2-15 2-03.3(14)F Displacement of Unsuitable
Foundation Materials ...................................... 2-15 2-03.3(14)G Backfilling ....................................................... 2-15 2-03.3(14)H Prefabricated Vertical Drains .......................... 2-15
Contents
2-03.3(14)I Embankments at Bridge and Trestle Ends ...... 2-16 2-03.3(14)J Gravel Borrow Including Haul ....................... 2-17 2-03.3(14)K Select or Common Borrow Including Haul .... 2-17 2-03.3(14)L Embankment Widening for Guardrail ............. 2-17 2-03.3(14)M Excavation of Channels and Ditches .............. 2-17
2-03.3(15) Aeration ................................................................................. 2-17 2-03.3(16) End Slopes ............................................................................ 2-18 2-03.3(17) Snow Removal ...................................................................... 2-18 2-03.3(18) Stepped Slope Construction .................................................. 2-18
2-03.4 Measurement ............................................................................................. 2-19 2-03.5 Payment ..................................................................................................... 2-20
2-04 Haul .......................................................................................................................... 2-22 2-04.1 Description ................................................................................................ 2-22 2-04.2 Vacant ........................................................................................................ 2-22 2-04.3 Vacant ........................................................................................................ 2-22 2-04.4 Measurement ............................................................................................. 2-22 2-04.5 Payment ..................................................................................................... 2-22
2-05 Vacant ....................................................................................................................... 2-23 2-06 Subgrade Preparation............................................................................................. 2-24
2-06.1 Description ................................................................................................ 2-24 2-06.2 Vacant ........................................................................................................ 2-24 2-06.3 Construction Requirements ....................................................................... 2-24
2-06.3(1) Subgrade for Surfacing ......................................................... 2-24 2-06.3(2) Subgrade for Pavement ......................................................... 2-24
2-06.4 Vacant ........................................................................................................ 2-24 2-06.5 Measurement and Payment ....................................................................... 2-25
2-06.5(1) Subgrade Constructed Under Same Contract ....................... 2-25 2-06.5(2) Subgrade Not Constructed Under Same Contract ................ 2-25
2-07 Watering ................................................................................................................... 2-26 2-07.1 Description ................................................................................................ 2-26 2-07.2 Vacant ........................................................................................................ 2-26 2-07.3 Construction Requirements ....................................................................... 2-26 2-07.4 Measurement ............................................................................................. 2-26 2-07.5 Payment ..................................................................................................... 2-26
2-08 Vacant ....................................................................................................................... 2-27 2-09 Structure Excavation .............................................................................................. 2-28
2-09.1 Description ................................................................................................ 2-28 2-09.2 Materials ................................................................................................... 2-28 2-09.3 Construction Requirements ....................................................................... 2-28
2-09.3(1) General Requirements ........................................................... 2-28 2-09.3(1)A Staking, Cross-Sectioning, and Inspecting ..... 2-28 2-09.3(1)B Depth of Excavation ....................................... 2-28 2-09.3(1)C Removal of Unstable Base Material ............... 2-28 2-09.3(1)D Disposal of Excavated Material ...................... 2-28 2-09.3(1)E Backfilling ....................................................... 2-29 2-09.3(1)F Items to Remain .............................................. 2-30
2-09.3(2) Classification of Structure Excavation .................................. 2-30 2-09.3(3) Construction Requirements, Structure Excavation, Class A . 2-30
2-09.3(3)A Preservation of Channel .................................. 2-30 2-09.3(3)B Excavation Using Open Pits –
Extra Excavation ............................................. 2-31 2-09.3(3)C Preparation for Placing Foundations ............... 2-32 2-09.3(3)D Shoring and Cofferdams ................................. 2-32 2-09.3(3)E Bearing Tests ................................................... 2-34
2-09.3(4) Construction Requirements, Structure Excavation, Class B . 2-35
Contents
2-10 Vacant ....................................................................................................................... 2-38 2-11 Trimming and Cleanup .......................................................................................... 2-39
2-11.1 Description ................................................................................................ 2-39 2-11.2 Vacant ........................................................................................................ 2-39 2-11.3 Construction Requirements ....................................................................... 2-39 2-11.4 Measurement ............................................................................................. 2-39 2-11.5 Payment ..................................................................................................... 2-39
2-12 Construction Geosynthetic ..................................................................................... 2-40 2-12.1 Description ................................................................................................ 2-40 2-12.2 Materials ................................................................................................... 2-40 2-12.3 Construction Requirements ....................................................................... 2-40
2-12.3(1) Underground Drainage .......................................................... 2-41 2-12.3(2) Separation ............................................................................. 2-41 2-12.3(3) Soil Stabilization ................................................................... 2-41 2-12.3(4) Permanent Erosion Control and Ditch Lining ...................... 2-41
Contents
Division 3 Aggregate Production and Acceptance 3-01 Production From Quarry and Pit Sites ................................................................... 3-1
3-01.1 Description .................................................................................................. 3-1 3-01.2 Material Sources, General Requirements ................................................... 3-1
3-01.2(1) Approval of Source ................................................................. 3-1 3-01.2(2) Preparation of Site ................................................................... 3-1 3-01.2(3) Stripping Quarries and Pits ..................................................... 3-1 3-01.2(4) Production Requirements ........................................................ 3-1 3-01.2(5) Final Cleanup .......................................................................... 3-2
3-01.3 State Furnished Material Sources ............................................................... 3-2 3-01.3(1) Quality and Extent of Material ............................................... 3-2 3-01.3(2) When More Than One Site is Provided .................................. 3-2 3-01.3(3) Reject Materials ...................................................................... 3-3 3-01.3(4) Surplus Screenings .................................................................. 3-3 3-01.3(5) Moving Plant ........................................................................... 3-3
3-01.4 Contractor Furnished Material Sources ...................................................... 3-3 3-01.4(1) Acquisition and Development ................................................. 3-3 3-01.4(2) Surplus Screenings .................................................................. 3-4 3-01.4(3) Substitution of Gravel Deposit in Lieu of Ledge Rock or
Talus Source Provided by the Contracting Agency ................ 3-4 3-01.4(4) Gravel Base ............................................................................. 3-5
3-02 Stockpiling Aggregates ............................................................................................. 3-6 3-02.1 Description .................................................................................................. 3-6 3-02.2 General Requirements ................................................................................. 3-6
3-02.2(1) Stockpile Sites Provided by the Contracting Agency ............. 3-6 3-02.2(2) Stockpile Site Provided by the Contractor .............................. 3-6 3-02.2(3) Stockpiling Aggregates for Future Use ................................... 3-6 3-02.2(4) Stockpiling Aggregates for Immediate Use ............................ 3-6 3-02.2(5) Preparation of Site ................................................................... 3-7 3-02.2(6) Construction of Stockpiles ...................................................... 3-7 3-02.2(7) Removing Aggregates From Stockpiles .................................. 3-7
3-02.3 Additional Requirements for Specific Aggregates ...................................... 3-8 3-02.3(1) Washed Aggregates ................................................................. 3-8
3-03 Site Reclamation ........................................................................................................ 3-9 3-03.1 Description .................................................................................................. 3-9 3-03.2 General Requirements ................................................................................. 3-9
3-03.2(1) Contracting Agency-Provided Sites ........................................ 3-9 3-03.2(2) Contractor-Provided Sites ....................................................... 3-9 3-03.2(3) Out-of-State Sites .................................................................... 3-9
3-03.3 Reclamation Plans ....................................................................................... 3-9 3-03.3(1) Contracting Agency-Provided Sites ........................................ 3-9 3-03.3(2) Contractor-Provided Sites ..................................................... 3-10
3-03.4 Construction Requirements ....................................................................... 3-10 3-03.4(1) Erosion Control ..................................................................... 3-10 3-03.4(2) Deviations From Approved Reclamation Plans .................... 3-10
3-03.5 Payment ..................................................................................................... 3-10 3-03.5(1) Contracting Agency-Provided Sites ...................................... 3-10 3-03.5(2) Contractor-Provided Sites ..................................................... 3-10
Contents
3-04 Acceptance of Aggregate ........................................................................................ 3-11 3-04.1 Description ................................................................................................ 3-11 3-04.2 Materials ................................................................................................... 3-11 3-04.3 Construction Requirements ....................................................................... 3-11
3-04.3(1) General .................................................................................. 3-11 3-04.3(2) Point of Acceptance .............................................................. 3-11 3-04.3(3) Sampling ............................................................................... 3-11 3-04.3(4) Testing Results ...................................................................... 3-11 3-04.3(5) Nonstatistical Evaluation ...................................................... 3-11 3-04.3(6) Statistical Evaluation ............................................................ 3-12 3-04.3(7) Rejected Work ....................................................................... 3-12
3-04.3(7)A General ............................................................ 3-12 3-04.3(7)B Rejection by Contractor .................................. 3-12 3-04.3(7)C Rejection Without Testing ............................... 3-12 3-04.3(7)D Lots and Sublots ............................................. 3-12
3-04.3(7)D1 A Partial Sublot ...................... 3-12 3-04.3(7)D2 An Entire Sublot .................... 3-13 3-04.3(7)D3 A Lot in Progress ................... 3-13 3-04.3(7)D4 An Entire Lot ......................... 3-13
3-04.3(8) Price Adjustments for Quality of Aggregate ......................... 3-13 3-04.4 Measurement ............................................................................................. 3-13 3-04.5 Payment ..................................................................................................... 3-13
Contents
Division 4 Bases 4-01 Vacant ......................................................................................................................... 4-1 4-02 Gravel Base ................................................................................................................ 4-2
4-02.1 Description .................................................................................................. 4-2 4-02.2 Materials ..................................................................................................... 4-2 4-02.3 Construction Requirements ......................................................................... 4-2 4-02.4 Measurement ............................................................................................... 4-2 4-02.5 Payment ....................................................................................................... 4-2
4-03 Vacant ......................................................................................................................... 4-3 4-04 Ballast and Crushed Surfacing ................................................................................ 4-4
4-04.1 Description .................................................................................................. 4-4 4-04.2 Materials ..................................................................................................... 4-4 4-04.3 Construction Requirements ......................................................................... 4-4
4-04.3(1) Equipment ............................................................................... 4-4 4-04.3(2) Subgrade ................................................................................. 4-4 4-04.3(3) Mixing ..................................................................................... 4-4 4-04.3(4) Placing and Spreading ............................................................. 4-5 4-04.3(5) Shaping and Compaction ........................................................ 4-5 4-04.3(6) Keystone ................................................................................. 4-5 4-04.3(7) Miscellaneous Requirements .................................................. 4-6 4-04.3(8) Weather Limitations ................................................................ 4-6 4-04.3(9) Hauling .................................................................................... 4-6 4-04.3(10) Hours of Work ......................................................................... 4-6 4-04.3(11) Permeable Ballast .................................................................... 4-6
4-05 Vacant ......................................................................................................................... 4-8 4-06 Asphalt Treated Base ................................................................................................ 4-9
4-06.3(1) Asphalt Mixing Plant .............................................................. 4-9 4-06.3(2) Preparation of Aggregates ....................................................... 4-9
4-06.3(2)A Mix Design........................................................ 4-9 4-06.3(3) Heating of Asphalt Material .................................................... 4-9 4-06.3(4) Mixing ..................................................................................... 4-9 4-06.3(5) Hauling Equipment ................................................................. 4-9 4-06.3(6) Spreading and Finishing ......................................................... 4-9
4-06.3(6)A Subgrade Protection Course ............................ 4-10 4-06.3(6)B Finish Course .................................................. 4-10
4-06.3(7) Density .................................................................................. 4-10 4-06.3(8) Anti-Stripping Additive ........................................................ 4-10
Contents
Division 5 Surface Treatments and Pavements 5-01 Cement Concrete Pavement Rehabilitation ........................................................... 5-1
5-01.3(1) Vacant ...................................................................................... 5-1 5-01.3(1)A Concrete Mix Designs ....................................... 5-1
5-01.3(1)A1 Concrete Patching Materials .... 5-1 5-01.3(1)A2 Portland Cement Concrete ....... 5-2
5-01.3(1)B Equipment ......................................................... 5-2 5-01.3(2) Material Acceptance ................................................................ 5-2
5-01.3(2)A Concrete Patching Material ............................... 5-2 5-01.3(2)B Portland Cement Concrete ................................ 5-2
5-01.3(2)B1 Rejection of Concrete .............. 5-2 5-01.3(3) Vacant ...................................................................................... 5-3 5-01.3(4) Replace Portland Cement Concrete Panel .............................. 5-3 5-01.3(5) Partial Depth Spall Repair ...................................................... 5-4 5-01.3(6) Dowel Bar Retrofit .................................................................. 5-5 5-01.3(7) Sealing Existing Concrete Random Cracks ............................ 5-6 5-01.3(8) Sealing Existing Transverse and Longitudinal Joints ............. 5-6 5-01.3(9) Portland Cement Concrete Pavement Grinding ...................... 5-6
5-01.3(9)A Surface Finish ................................................... 5-7 5-01.3(10) Pavement Smoothness ............................................................ 5-7 5-01.3(11) Concrete Slurry ....................................................................... 5-7
5-02 Bituminous Surface Treatment ................................................................................ 5-9 5-02.1 Description .................................................................................................. 5-9
5-02.1(1) New Construction ................................................................... 5-9 5-02.1(2) Seal Coats ................................................................................ 5-9 5-02.1(3) Pavement Sealers – Fog Seal .................................................. 5-9
5-02.2 Materials ..................................................................................................... 5-9 5-02.3 Construction Requirements ......................................................................... 5-9
5-02.3(1) Equipment ............................................................................... 5-9 5-02.3(2) Preparation of Roadway Surface .......................................... 5-10
5-02.3(2)A New Construction ........................................... 5-10 5-02.3(2)B Seal Coats ........................................................ 5-10 5-02.3(2)C Pavement Sealing – Fog Seal .......................... 5-10 5-02.3(2)D Soil Residual Herbicide .................................. 5-10
5-02.3(3) Application of Asphalt Emulsion and Aggregate .................. 5-11 5-02.3(4) Vacant .................................................................................... 5-12 5-02.3(5) Application of Aggregates .................................................... 5-12 5-02.3(6) Additional Asphalt Emulsion and Aggregate ........................ 5-13 5-02.3(7) Patching and Correction of Defects ...................................... 5-13 5-02.3(8) Progress of Work ................................................................... 5-14 5-02.3(9) Protection of Structures ......................................................... 5-14 5-02.3(10) Unfavorable Weather ............................................................ 5-14 5-02.3(11) Temporary Raised Pavement Markings ................................ 5-14
5-03 Vacant ....................................................................................................................... 5-16 5-04 Hot Mix Asphalt ...................................................................................................... 5-17
5-04.1 Description ................................................................................................ 5-17 5-04.2 Materials ................................................................................................... 5-17
Contents
5-04.3 Construction Requirements ....................................................................... 5-18 5-04.3(1) Hot Mix Asphalt Mixing Plant .............................................. 5-18 5-04.3(2) Hauling Equipment ............................................................... 5-18 5-04.3(3) Hot Mix Asphalt Pavers ........................................................ 5-18
5-04.3(3)A Material Transfer Device/Vehicle ................... 5-19 5-04.3(4) Rollers ................................................................................... 5-20 5-04.3(5) Conditioning of Existing Surface .......................................... 5-20
5-04.3(5)A Preparation of Existing Surfaces ..................... 5-20 5-04.3(5)B Preparation of Untreated Roadway ................. 5-20 5-04.3(5)C Crack Sealing .................................................. 5-21 5-04.3(5)D Soil Residual Herbicide .................................. 5-21 5-04.3(5)E Pavement Repair ............................................. 5-21
5-04.3(6) Vacant .................................................................................... 5-22 5-04.3(7) Preparation of Aggregates ..................................................... 5-22
5-04.3(7)A Mix Design...................................................... 5-22 5-04.3(7)A1 General ................................... 5-22 5-04.3(7)A2 Statistical or Nonstatistical
5-04.3(8) Mixing ................................................................................... 5-23 5-04.3(8)A Acceptance Sampling and Testing –
HMA Mixture.................................................. 5-23 5-04.3(8)A1 General ................................... 5-23 5-04.3(8)A2 Aggregate ............................... 5-24 5-04.3(8)A3 Sampling ................................ 5-24 5-04.3(8)A4 Definition of Sampling
Lot and Sublot ........................ 5-24 5-04.3(8)A5 Test Results ............................ 5-24 5-04.3(8)A6 Test Methods .......................... 5-24 5-04.3(8)A7 Test Section – HMA Mixtures 5-25
5-04.3(9) Spreading and Finishing ....................................................... 5-25 5-04.3(10) Compaction ........................................................................... 5-25
5-04.3(10)A General ............................................................ 5-25 5-04.3(10)B Control ............................................................ 5-26
5-04.3(10)B1 General ................................... 5-26 5-04.3(10)B2 Cyclic Density ........................ 5-26 5-04.3(10)B3 Longitudinal Joint Density ..... 5-26 5-04.3(10)B4 Test Results ............................ 5-26
5-04.3(11) Reject Work ........................................................................... 5-27 5-04.3(11)A General ............................................................ 5-27 5-04.3(11)B Rejection by Contractor .................................. 5-27 5-04.3(11)C Rejection Without Testing ............................... 5-27 5-04.3(11)D General ............................................................ 5-27
5-04.3(11)D1 A Partial Sublot ...................... 5-27 5-04.3(11)D2 An Entire Sublot .................... 5-28 5-04.3(11)D3 A Lot in Progress ................... 5-28 5-04.3(11)D4 An Entire Lot ......................... 5-28
5-04.3(12) Joints ..................................................................................... 5-28 5-04.3(12)A Transverse Joints ............................................. 5-28 5-04.3(12)B Longitudinal Joints.......................................... 5-28
5-04.3(13) Surface Smoothness .............................................................. 5-29 5-04.3(14) Planing Bituminous Pavement .............................................. 5-29 5-04.3(15) HMA Road Approaches ........................................................ 5-30 5-04.3(16) Weather Limitations .............................................................. 5-30
Contents
5-04.3(17) Paving Under Traffic ............................................................. 5-30 5-04.3(18) Vacant .................................................................................... 5-30 5-04.3(19) Sealing of Pavement Surfaces .............................................. 5-30 5-04.3(20) Anti-Stripping Additive ........................................................ 5-30 5-04.3(21) Vacant .................................................................................... 5-30
5-04.5(1) Quality Assurance Price Adjustments ................................... 5-33 5-04.5(1)A Price Adjustments for Quality of
HMA Mixture.................................................. 5-33 5-04.5(1)B Price Adjustments for Quality of
5-05.1 Description ................................................................................................ 5-35 5-05.2 Materials ................................................................................................... 5-35 5-05.3 Construction Requirements ....................................................................... 5-35
5-05.3(1) Concrete Mix Design for Paving .......................................... 5-35 5-05.3(2) Consistency ........................................................................... 5-36 5-05.3(3) Equipment ............................................................................. 5-36
5-05.3(3)A Batching Plant and Equipment ........................ 5-36 5-05.3(3)B Mixing Equipment .......................................... 5-37 5-05.3(3)C Finishing Equipment ....................................... 5-37 5-05.3(3)D Joint Sawing Equipment ................................. 5-37 5-05.3(3)E Smoothness Testing Equipment ...................... 5-38
5-05.3(4) Measuring and Batching Materials ....................................... 5-38 5-05.3(4)A Acceptance of Portland Cement
Concrete Pavement ......................................... 5-38 5-05.3(5) Mixing Concrete ................................................................... 5-40
5-05.3(5)A Limitations of Mixing ..................................... 5-40 5-05.3(6) Subgrade ............................................................................... 5-41 5-05.3(7) Placing, Spreading, and Compacting Concrete ..................... 5-41
5-05.3(7)A Slip-Form Construction .................................. 5-41 5-05.3(7)B Stationary Side Form Construction ................. 5-42
5-05.3(8) Joints ..................................................................................... 5-43 5-05.3(8)A Contraction Joints ........................................... 5-43 5-05.3(8)B Sealing Sawed Contraction Joints ................... 5-43 5-05.3(8)C Construction Joints.......................................... 5-43 5-05.3(8)D Isolation Joints ................................................ 5-43
5-05.3(9) Vacant .................................................................................... 5-44 5-05.3(10) Tie Bars and Corrosion Resistant Dowel Bars ...................... 5-44 5-05.3(11) Finishing ............................................................................... 5-44 5-05.3(12) Surface Smoothness .............................................................. 5-45 5-05.3(13) Curing ................................................................................... 5-47
5-05.3(13)A Curing Compound ........................................... 5-47 5-05.3(13)B White Polyethylene Sheeting .......................... 5-48 5-05.3(13)C Wet Curing ...................................................... 5-48
5-05.3(14) Cold Weather Work ............................................................... 5-48 5-05.3(15) Concrete Pavement Construction in Adjacent Lanes ............ 5-48 5-05.3(16) Protection of Pavement ......................................................... 5-48 5-05.3(17) Opening to Traffic ................................................................. 5-49 5-05.3(18) Vacant .................................................................................... 5-49 5-05.3(19) Vacant .................................................................................... 5-49 5-05.3(20) Vacant .................................................................................... 5-49 5-05.3(21) Vacant .................................................................................... 5-49 5-05.3(22) Repair of Defective Pavement Slabs ..................................... 5-49
Contents
5-05.5(1) Pavement Thickness .............................................................. 5-51 5-05.5(1)A Thickness Deficiency of 0.05 Foot or Less ..... 5-52 5-05.5(1)B Thickness Deficiency of More Than
0.05 Foot ......................................................... 5-52
Contents
Division 6 Structures 6-01 General Requirements for Structures ..................................................................... 6-1
6-01.1 Description .................................................................................................. 6-1 6-01.2 Foundation Data .......................................................................................... 6-1 6-01.3 Clearing the Site .......................................................................................... 6-1 6-01.4 Appearance of Structures ............................................................................ 6-1 6-01.5 Vacant .......................................................................................................... 6-1 6-01.6 Load Restrictions on Bridges Under Construction ..................................... 6-1 6-01.7 Navigable Streams ...................................................................................... 6-2 6-01.8 Approaches to Movable Spans .................................................................... 6-2 6-01.9 Working Drawings ...................................................................................... 6-2 6-01.10 Utilities Supported by or Attached to Bridges ............................................ 6-2 6-01.11 Name Plates ................................................................................................ 6-3 6-01.12 Final Cleanup .............................................................................................. 6-3 6-01.13 Vacant .......................................................................................................... 6-4 6-01.14 Premolded Joint Filler ................................................................................. 6-4 6-01.15 Normal Temperature ................................................................................... 6-4
6-02 Concrete Structures .................................................................................................. 6-5 6-02.1 Description .................................................................................................. 6-5 6-02.2 Materials ..................................................................................................... 6-5 6-02.3 Construction Requirements ......................................................................... 6-5
6-02.3(1) Classification of Structural Concrete ...................................... 6-5 6-02.3(2) Proportioning Materials .......................................................... 6-5
6-02.3(2)A Contractor Mix Design ..................................... 6-7 6-02.3(2)B Commercial Concrete ....................................... 6-7 6-02.3(2)C Vacant ................................................................ 6-7 6-02.3(2)D Lean Concrete ................................................... 6-7
6-02.3(3) Admixtures .............................................................................. 6-8 6-02.3(4) Ready-Mix Concrete ............................................................... 6-8
6-02.3(4)A Qualification of Concrete Suppliers .................. 6-8 6-02.3(4)B Jobsite Mixing ................................................. 6-10 6-02.3(4)C Consistency ..................................................... 6-10 6-02.3(4)D Temperature and Time for Placement ............. 6-10
6-02.3(5) Acceptance of Concrete ........................................................ 6-11 6-02.3(5)A General ............................................................ 6-11 6-02.3(5)B Certification of Compliance ............................ 6-12 6-02.3(5)C Conformance to Mix Design ........................... 6-12 6-02.3(5)D Test Methods ................................................... 6-13 6-02.3(5)E Point of Acceptance ........................................ 6-13 6-02.3(5)F Water/Cement Ratio Conformance ................. 6-13 6-02.3(5)G Sampling and Testing Frequency for
Temperature, Consistency, and Air Content.... 6-14 6-02.3(5)H Sampling and Testing for Compressive
Strength and Initial Curing .............................. 6-14 6-02.3(5)I Vacant .............................................................. 6-14 6-02.3(5)J Vacant .............................................................. 6-14 6-02.3(5)K Rejecting Concrete .......................................... 6-15 6-02.3(5)L Concrete With Non-Conforming Strength ...... 6-15
6-02.3(6) Placing Concrete ................................................................... 6-15 6-02.3(6)A Weather and Temperature Limits to
Protect Concrete .............................................. 6-17 6-02.3(6)A1 Hot Weather Protection ......... 6-17 6-02.3(6)A2 Cold Weather Protection ........ 6-18
Contents
6-02.3(6)D1 Prescriptive Safe Distance Method ................................... 6-20
6-02.3(6)D2 Monitoring Safe Distance Method ................................... 6-21
6-02.3(7) Concrete Exposed to Sea Water ............................................ 6-21 6-02.3(8) Concrete Exposed to Alkaline Soils or Water ....................... 6-21 6-02.3(9) Vibration of Concrete ............................................................ 6-22 6-02.3(10) Bridge Decks and Bridge Approach Slabs ............................ 6-22
6-02.3(10)A Preconstruction Meeting ................................. 6-22 6-02.3(10)B Screed Rail Supports ....................................... 6-23 6-02.3(10)C Finishing Equipment ....................................... 6-23 6-02.3(10)D Concrete Placement, Finishing, and Texturing 6-23 6-02.3(10)E Sidewalk ......................................................... 6-25 6-02.3(10)F Bridge Approach Slab Orientation
and Anchors .................................................... 6-25 6-02.3(11) Curing Concrete .................................................................... 6-26
6-02.3(11)A Curing and Finishing Concrete Traffic and Pedestrian Barrier ..................................... 6-27 6-02.3(11)A1 Fixed-Form Barrier ................ 6-27 6-02.3(11)A2 Slip-Form Barrier ................... 6-27
6-02.3(12) Construction Joints................................................................ 6-28 6-02.3(12)A Construction Joints in New Construction ....... 6-28 6-02.3(12)B Construction Joints Between Existing
and New Construction ..................................... 6-29 6-02.3(13) Expansion Joints ................................................................... 6-29 6-02.3(14) Finishing Concrete Surfaces ................................................. 6-29
6-02.3(14)A Class 1 Surface Finish ..................................... 6-29 6-02.3(14)B Class 2 Surface Finish ..................................... 6-30 6-02.3(14)C Pigmented Sealer for Concrete Surfaces ......... 6-30
6-02.3(15) Date Numerals ...................................................................... 6-30 6-02.3(16) Plans for Falsework and Formwork ...................................... 6-31
6-02.3(16)A Nonpreapproved Falsework and Formwork Plans .............................................. 6-33
6-02.3(16)B Preapproved Formwork Plans ......................... 6-34 6-02.3(17) Falsework and Formwork ..................................................... 6-34
6-02.3(17)A Design Loads .................................................. 6-35 6-02.3(17)B Allowable Design Stresses and Deflections .... 6-36
6-02.3(17)B1 Deflection ............................... 6-37 6-02.3(17)B2 Timber .................................... 6-37 6-02.3(17)B3 Steel ....................................... 6-38
6-02.3(17)C Falsework and Formwork at Special Locations ............................................ 6-38
6-02.3(17)D Falsework Support Systems: Piling, Temporary Concrete Footings, Timber Mudsills, Manufactured Shoring Towers, Caps, and Posts ............................................... 6-40 6-02.3(17)D1 Piling ...................................... 6-40 6-02.3(17)D2 Temporary Concrete Footings
and Timber Mudsills .............. 6-40 6-02.3(17)D3 Bents, Shoring Towers, Piling,
Posts, and Caps ...................... 6-42
Contents
6-02.3(17)D5 Cross-Braced Type Base Frames ........................... 6-44
6-02.3(17)D6 Ladder Type Base Frames ...... 6-45 6-02.3(17)D7 Intermediate Strength Shoring 6-46 6-02.3(17)D8 Heavy-Duty Shoring Systems 6-46
6-02.3(17)E Stringers, Beams, Joists, Bridge Deck Support, and Deck Overhangs ........................ 6-47
6-02.3(17)F Bracing ............................................................ 6-48 6-02.3(17)F1 Cable or Tension
Bracing Systems .................... 6-49 6-02.3(17)F2 Applying Wire Rope Clips ..... 6-51 6-02.3(17)F3 Anchor Blocks ....................... 6-51 6-02.3(17)F4 Temporary Bracing for
Bridge Girders ........................ 6-52 6-02.3(17)G Testing Falsework Devices ............................. 6-53 6-02.3(17)H Formwork Accessories .................................... 6-53 6-02.3(17)I Timber Connections ........................................ 6-54
6-02.3(17)I1 Bolted Connections ................ 6-55 6-02.3(17)I2 Lag Screw Connections ......... 6-56 6-02.3(17)I3 Drift Pin and Drift
Bolt Connections .................... 6-56 6-02.3(17)I4 Nailed and Spiked Joints ........ 6-56 6-02.3(17)I5 Timber Connection Adjustment
for Duration of Load .............. 6-57 6-02.3(17)J Face Lumber, Studs, Wales, and Metal Forms 6-58 6-02.3(17)K Concrete Forms on Steel Spans ...................... 6-60 6-02.3(17)L Finishing Machine Support System ................ 6-60 6-02.3(17)M Restricted Overhead Clearance Sign .............. 6-60 6-02.3(17)N Removal of Falsework and Forms .................. 6-61 6-02.3(17)O Early Concrete Test Cylinder Breaks .............. 6-62
6-02.3(18) Placing Anchor Bolts ............................................................ 6-63 6-02.3(19) Bridge Bearings .................................................................... 6-63
6-02.3(19)A Vacant .............................................................. 6-63 6-02.3(19)B Bridge Bearing Assemblies ............................. 6-63
6-02.3(20) Grout for Anchor Bolts and Bridge Bearings ....................... 6-63 6-02.3(21) Drainage of Box Girder Cells ............................................... 6-64 6-02.3(22) Drainage of Substructure ...................................................... 6-64 6-02.3(23) Opening to Traffic ................................................................. 6-64 6-02.3(24) Reinforcement ....................................................................... 6-64
6-02.3(24)A Field Bending .................................................. 6-64 6-02.3(24)B Protection of Materials .................................... 6-66 6-02.3(24)C Placing and Fastening ..................................... 6-66 6-02.3(24)D Splicing ........................................................... 6-68 6-02.3(24)E Welding Reinforcing Steel .............................. 6-69 6-02.3(24)F Mechanical Splices ......................................... 6-70 6-02.3(24)G Job Control Tests ............................................. 6-71 6-02.3(24)H Epoxy-Coated Steel Reinforcing Bar .............. 6-71
6-02.3(25) Prestressed Concrete Girders ................................................ 6-71 6-02.3(25)A Shop Drawings ................................................ 6-73 6-02.3(25)B Casting ............................................................ 6-73 6-02.3(25)C Prestressing ..................................................... 6-74 6-02.3(25)D Curing ............................................................. 6-75
Contents
6-02.3(26) Cast-In-Place Prestressed Concrete ...................................... 6-84 6-02.3(26)A Shop Drawings ................................................ 6-85 6-02.3(26)B General Requirements for Anchorages ........... 6-86 6-02.3(26)C Normal Anchorage Devices ............................ 6-87 6-02.3(26)D Special Anchorage Devices ............................. 6-87
6-02.3(26)D1 Test Block Requirements ....... 6-88 6-02.3(26)D2 Test Block Dimensions .......... 6-88 6-02.3(26)D3 Local Zone Reinforcement
for Confinement ..................... 6-88 6-02.3(26)D4 Supplementary Skin
Reinforcement ........................ 6-88 6-02.3(26)D5 Test Block Concrete Strength 6-88 6-02.3(26)D6 Special Anchorage Device
Acceptance Testing ................ 6-88 6-02.3(26)D7 Cyclic Loading Test ............... 6-88 6-02.3(26)D8 Sustained Loading Test .......... 6-89 6-02.3(26)D9 Monotonic Loading Test ........ 6-89 6-02.3(26)D10 Special Anchorage Device Test
Performance Requirements .... 6-89 6-02.3(26)D11 Test Series Requirements ....... 6-89 6-02.3(26)D12 Special Anchorage Device
Acceptance Testing Results Report ........................ 6-89
6-02.3(26)E Ducts ............................................................... 6-90 6-02.3(26)E1 Ducts for Internal
Embedded Installation ........... 6-90 6-02.3(26)E2 Ducts for External
Exposed Installation ............... 6-91 6-02.3(26)E3 Transitions .............................. 6-92 6-02.3(26)E4 Vents, Grout Injection Ports,
Drains, and Caps .................... 6-92 6-02.3(26)E5 Leak Tightness Testing .......... 6-92
6-02.3(26)F Prestressing Reinforcement ............................ 6-93 6-02.3(26)G Tensioning ....................................................... 6-93 6-02.3(26)H Grouting .......................................................... 6-95
6-02.3(27) Concrete for Precast Units .................................................... 6-96 6-02.3(27)A Use of Self-Consolidating Concrete for
Precast Units ................................................... 6-96 6-02.3(27)B Submittals for Self-Consolidating Concrete
for Precast Units .............................................. 6-97 6-02.3(27)C Acceptance Testing of Self-Consolidating
Concrete for Precast Units .............................. 6-98
Contents
6-02.4 Measurement ........................................................................................... 6-101 6-02.5 Payment ................................................................................................... 6-102
6-03 Steel Structures ..................................................................................................... 6-104 6-03.1 Description .............................................................................................. 6-104 6-03.2 Materials ................................................................................................. 6-104 6-03.3 Construction Requirements ..................................................................... 6-104
6-03.3(1) Vacant .................................................................................. 6-104 6-03.3(2) Facilities for Inspection ....................................................... 6-104 6-03.3(3) Inspector’s Authority........................................................... 6-104 6-03.3(4) Rejections ............................................................................ 6-105 6-03.3(5) Mill Orders and Shipping Statements ................................. 6-105 6-03.3(6) Weighing ............................................................................. 6-105 6-03.3(7) Shop Plans ........................................................................... 6-105
6-03.3(7)A Erection Methods .......................................... 6-106 6-03.3(8) Substitutions ........................................................................ 6-106 6-03.3(9) Handling, Storing, and Shipping of Materials .................... 6-106 6-03.3(10) Straightening Bent Material ................................................ 6-107 6-03.3(11) Workmanship and Finish .................................................... 6-107 6-03.3(12) Falsework ............................................................................ 6-107 6-03.3(13) Fabricating Tension Members ............................................. 6-107 6-03.3(14) Edge Finishing .................................................................... 6-107 6-03.3(15) Planing of Bearing Surfaces ................................................ 6-108 6-03.3(16) Abutting Joints .................................................................... 6-108 6-03.3(17) End Connection Angles ....................................................... 6-108 6-03.3(18) Built Members .................................................................... 6-108 6-03.3(19) Hand Holes .......................................................................... 6-108 6-03.3(20) Lacing Bars ......................................................................... 6-108 6-03.3(21) Plate Girders ........................................................................ 6-109
6-03.3(21)A Web Plates ..................................................... 6-109 6-03.3(21)B Vacant ............................................................ 6-109 6-03.3(21)C Web Splices and Fillers ................................. 6-109
6-03.3(22) Eyebars ................................................................................ 6-109 6-03.3(23) Annealing ............................................................................ 6-109 6-03.3(24) Pins and Rollers .................................................................. 6-109
6-03.3(24)A Boring Pin Holes ........................................... 6-109 6-03.3(24)B Pin Clearances ............

2012 Standard Specifications for Road, Bridge, and Municipal Construction

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Transcript of 2012 Standard Specifications for Road, Bridge, and Municipal Construction