2009 NIH Talk on Wikipedia
-
Upload
timvickers -
Category
Education
-
view
708 -
download
1
description
Transcript of 2009 NIH Talk on Wikipedia
![Page 1: 2009 NIH Talk on Wikipedia](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/555e90acd8b42a6d068b456c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Wikipedia as a source of scientific information
Tim VickersWashington University, St Louis
Michael LaurentKatholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium
![Page 2: 2009 NIH Talk on Wikipedia](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/555e90acd8b42a6d068b456c/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Scientific literacy is low
• 60% believe they have not eaten GM foods. • 54% heard "nothing at all" about nanotechnology. • 70% either "not very clear" or "not clear at all" on difference
between reproductive and therapeutic cloning. • 9% can say what a stem cell is
National Science Board's Science and Engineering Indicators 2008
• Funding dependent on public support
• Issues hard to discuss without background
• Evolution
• Animal testing
• Viruses and antibiotics
• Internet and TV sources of science information
![Page 3: 2009 NIH Talk on Wikipedia](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/555e90acd8b42a6d068b456c/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Wikipedia: a prominent information source
• 4th most-accessed website
• Search engines
• Wikipedia has high visibility
• 3,600 keywords, in first 10 results in 80% of cases
• Free access.
• Over 270 languages
Laurent MR, Vickers TJ. “Seeking health information online: does Wikipedia matter?” J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc. (2009)
![Page 4: 2009 NIH Talk on Wikipedia](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/555e90acd8b42a6d068b456c/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
H1N1 influenzaSwine influenza article access
Art
icle
req
uest
s pe
r da
y0
200000
400000
600000
800000
1000000
1200000
1400000
April May
1.3 million per day
• WHO announcement about H1N1 S-OIV on 24th April.
• Traffic spiked on 29th April, levelled off at 30,000 per day.
• By end of May total of 6.3 million readers.
• In June 2009 vitiligo was most-accessed medicine article, with 74,000 hits per day.
![Page 5: 2009 NIH Talk on Wikipedia](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/555e90acd8b42a6d068b456c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Up-to-date: “2009 swine flu outbreak”
• Created April 25th.
• One day later, article contained:
• 22,000 words and 44 references
• Mostly news articles
• Rapidly updated:
• Dawood et. al. “Emergence of a novel swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus in humans.” NEJM on-line May 7.
• Cited in article on same day.
• Articles as summaries of the literature.
• Puts current research into context.
2009 H1N1 S-OIV
![Page 6: 2009 NIH Talk on Wikipedia](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/555e90acd8b42a6d068b456c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Coverage in depth
• News media main alternative to internet
• Difficult to treat science in depth
• What does H1N1 mean? What is a pandemic? What are “flu-like symptoms”?
• About 18,000 medicine articles and 19,000 cell biology articles
• Range from 2-acetolactate mutase, adipokines to asprin
• Articles on every enzyme, most human genes, ncRNAs
• Approx 60-70% of diseases have articles (ICD-10 codes)
![Page 7: 2009 NIH Talk on Wikipedia](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/555e90acd8b42a6d068b456c/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Articles form a web of information • Blue links to another article, defines terms, gives background.
![Page 8: 2009 NIH Talk on Wikipedia](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/555e90acd8b42a6d068b456c/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Articles form a web of information
Swine influenza
Virus
Influenza
Influenza vaccine
RNA virus
Vaccine
Influenza treatment
2009 flu pandemic
Influenza pandemic
1918 flu pandemicRNA
Immune system
Antiviral drugAmantadine
Paul Ehrlich Vaccination policy
![Page 9: 2009 NIH Talk on Wikipedia](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/555e90acd8b42a6d068b456c/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Articles for a diverse audience
Introduction to genetics
DNA
DNA structure
DNA supercoil
Linking number
• Detailed background or technical terms discussed in sub-articles.
• Each article part of a nested hierarchy, general to technical content.
• Readers find level they can understand.
• Includes even technical and specialist topics.
![Page 10: 2009 NIH Talk on Wikipedia](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/555e90acd8b42a6d068b456c/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Articles vary in size and quality
• "Influenza“, good, 7,900 words.
• "M2 protein“, poor, 385 words.
• Studies assessing accuracy• Giles “Internet encyclopaedias go head to
head” Nature, 2005• Devgan et al “Wiki-Surgery? Internal
validity of Wikipedia as a medical and surgical reference” J Am Coll Surg, 2007 (35 articles)
• Clansom et al “Scope, Completeness, and Accuracy of Drug Information in Wikipedia.” Ann Pharmacother, 2008 (80 questions)
Quality versus importance ofMolecular and cell biology articles
• Majority of articles are short, but important topics discussed in more depth.
![Page 11: 2009 NIH Talk on Wikipedia](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/555e90acd8b42a6d068b456c/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Summary
• High visibility
• Rapidly updated
• Interlinked articles
• Background
• Nested structure
• Articles generally accurate, but many short or incomplete
• Expert contributors needed
![Page 12: 2009 NIH Talk on Wikipedia](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/555e90acd8b42a6d068b456c/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Acknowledgments
Wikimedia Foundation
Michael Laurent
National Institutes of Health