©2007 Clairmont Press North Carolina: Land of Contrasts Chapter 7 North Carolina Finally Awakens...
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Transcript of ©2007 Clairmont Press North Carolina: Land of Contrasts Chapter 7 North Carolina Finally Awakens...
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©2007 Clairmont Press
North Carolina: North Carolina: Land of ContrastsLand of Contrasts
Chapter 7Chapter 7North Carolina Finally AwakensNorth Carolina Finally Awakens
Study PresentationStudy Presentation
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Chapter 7: Chapter 7: North CarolinaNorth Carolina
Finally AwakensFinally Awakens
• Section 3: Whigs Support Development
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Section 3: Whigs SupportSection 3: Whigs SupportDevelopmentDevelopment
ESSENTIAL QUESTION– What improvements were
supported by the Whigs in the early 1800s?
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Section 3: Whigs Support Section 3: Whigs Support Development Development
What words do I need to know? 1. Democratic Party
2. Whig Party
3. curriculum
4. plank road
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Section 3: Whigs Support Section 3: Whigs Support Development Development
Introduction• 1830s: Andrew Jackson help build up the
Democratic Party and made it a powerful part of the nation
• Whig Party formed to oppose “King Andrew” Jackson
• Nathaniel Macon strong supporter of Jackson• Followers of Archibald Murphey formed the
North Carolina Whig Party• 1840 & 1844: John Motley Morehead (1st Whig
leader in NC elected as NC governor resulting in public education and internal improvements)
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The Start of Public EducationThe Start of Public Education
• 1839: the Whigs created the state’s first public school system
• 1840: Rockingham County opened the 1st common school (five years later every county had at least one school – by 1850 more than 2000 schools were in operation)
• During this period the University in Chapel Hill improved in both enrollment & curriculum – broadened in law & agricultural chemistry (Note: David Swain: president – 1835 to 1868)
• Elisha Mitchell: best-known professor in mathematics
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The Coming of the RailroadsThe Coming of the Railroads
• 1830s: steam engine results in the locomotive; became the most important thing to happen to the state
• Railroads built where canals could not be
• Steam engine could be fueled with easily obtained wood
• Whigs used public funds to complete costly railroads
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The Coming of the Railroads The Coming of the Railroads (2/3)(2/3)
• 1837 & 1841: the legislature invested in the construction of two lines – the Wilmington & Weldon Railroad and the Raleigh & Gaston (the 2nd went bankrupt and had to be reorganized)
• 1848: the North Carolina Railroad (NCRR) established which ran from Raleigh through Greensboro & Salisbury to Charlotte
• 1856: tracks completed with additional rails to Goldsboro connecting with the Wilmington & Weldon
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Early Railroads in North CarolinaEarly Railroads in North Carolina
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The Coming of the Railroads The Coming of the Railroads (3/3)(3/3)
• Secondary effects: the towns of Goldsboro & High Point grew up around important railroad sidings
• Fayetteville: supported the construction of plank roads (often called “farmer railroads”)
• The plank roads enabled farmers to keep their wagons above the mud and ruts
• Plank roads: extended from Fayetteville to Taylorsville
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Social Improvements Social Improvements (1/2)(1/2)
• State set up welfare institutions• Governor Morehead: convinced the legislature to
set up a school for the deaf & blind (opened in Raleigh in 1845)
• 1853: hospital est. in west Raleigh for the insane (encouraged by Dorothea Dix of Massachusetts)
• 1834: the Baptist Literary Institute est. and later known as Wake Forest College
• 1837: New Garden Boarding School (grew into Guilford College a half century later)
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Social Improvements Social Improvements (2/2)(2/2)
• Other schools included: – 1837: Davidson College set up north of
Charlotte– 1838: Trinity College (later moved to Durham
& grew into Duke University)– 1840s: Greensboro Female College, St.
Mary’s in Raleigh, and Chowan Baptist Female Institute in Murfreesboro
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Industrial BeginningsIndustrial Beginnings
• The Whigs chartered cotton mills• 1840s: more than a dozen factories set up• Located mostly on the Cape Fear River• Marketing of cloth mostly in Fayetteville• Edwin M. Holt: ran the best-known mill –
the Alamance Factory (produced the 1st dyed cloth – the “Alamance Plaid” which became NC’s first famous product)
• 1848: 1st telegraph installed Click here to return to Main Menu.
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Section 3: Whigs SupportSection 3: Whigs SupportDevelopmentDevelopment
ESSENTIAL QUESTION– What improvements were supported
by the Whigs in the early 1800s?
1. Public Education
2. Railroads
3. Social Improvements.
4. Mill Towns.
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Click here to return to Main Menu.
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©2007 Clairmont Press
North Carolina: North Carolina: Land of ContrastsLand of Contrasts
Chapter 7Chapter 7North Carolina Finally AwakensNorth Carolina Finally Awakens
Study PresentationStudy Presentation
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Chapter 7: Chapter 7: North CarolinaNorth Carolina
Finally AwakensFinally Awakens
• Section 4: “The Rainbow of Promise”
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Section 4: “The Rainbow of Section 4: “The Rainbow of Promise”Promise”
ESSENTIAL QUESTION– What conditions led people to
believe that North Carolina held a “rainbow of promise”?
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Section 4: “The Rainbow of Section 4: “The Rainbow of Promise”Promise”
What words do I need to know? 1. superintendent of public instruction
2. literate
3. free suffrage
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Section 4: “The Rainbow of Section 4: “The Rainbow of Promise”Promise”
Introduction• North Carolina moves ahead
• Number of people in towns doubled
• 1835-1850: number of newspapers in the state more than doubled
• “The Old North State” no longer asleep
• Mary Bayard Clarke (one of NC’s 1st poets) noted that “Old Rip is awakening”
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MiningMining
• By 1830s: fifty mines in operation• Several mines dug under Charlotte • 1837: Federal Government established a branch
of the US Mint in Charlotte• 1831-1849: Christopher Bechtler ran a private
mint near Rutherfordton• 1842: Gold Hill started & became one of the
most famous mine sites• Other valuable mine products included iron ore
& coal
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Railroad FeverRailroad Fever
• Railroad from Goldsboro to Charlotte meant that farmers & millers in the west could send goods all the way to Wilmington
• 1850s: Western Railroad chartered by NC
• Benefits felt all over the state– Wayne Co.: cotton productivity went from 300
bales in 1850 to 4,000 bales by 1860– Davidson Co.: wheat production increased from
80,000 to 250,000 bushels
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Education and LiteracyEducation and Literacy
• 1850s: every county developed common schools
• 1852: Calvin H. Wiley of Guilford County became the 1st superintendent of public instruction, introduced standards for teachers, published a magazine to help teachers, and wrote the first textbook on North Carolina history
• 1850s: more than 400 private academies & more North Carolinians were literate
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Two-Party PoliticsTwo-Party Politics
• 1850s: change in NC’s two political parties
• Whigs lost control of the state
• 1850s: Democrats ran the state & came to champion free suffrage
• 50-acre land ownership requirement for voting in state elections done away with
• Whigs opposed free suffrage amendment to the state constitution
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