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Tlingit/West

Hopi/Southwest

Lakota Sioux/Plains

Iroquois/ East Woods

Which Tribe?

What was the location & climate of the TlingitTlingit?

LocationLocation: North coast of the west: from Alaska to California

ClimateClimate: wet with mild winters & cool summers

Describe the food

resources of the TlingitTlingit.

-they hunted, collected berries, & mostly fished-NO farming -had salmon run: catch salmon to last all year -they respected environment

Describe the homes of the

TlingitTlingit.

-in villages with large

homes they made of

wood by their skilled

woodworkers-had totem poles in front

What kind of technology &

art did the TlingitTlingit have?

-food was plentiful, so had lots of time for technology & art, such as:

-dams & traps to catch salmon-large canoes-totem poles (built to honor family members & chiefs)-decorative things like baskets

-able to trade their resources

The Tlingit held potlatchespotlatches.

Describe what they were.

-feasts held for special events (weddings, honor a chief)-could last few days-guests get gifts from hosts. -Higher rank you held, better gift you got

What was the location &

climate of the HopiHopi?

LocationLocation: : Near Arizona

ClimateClimate: : Made up of dry land (mountains, canyons, mesas)

Describe the food resources

of the HopiHopi.

-farmers of the desert (not what you’d expect in dry desert)-grew crops w/ dry farming since they had little water-built dams & irrigation canals -farming was sacred –respected nature

Describe the homes of the

HopiHopi.

-apartment style homes- pueblos- villages-built of adobe clay, which protected from weather-to keep invaders out, 1st floor had no doors! Used ladders

What kind of technology &

art did the HopiHopi have?

Pottery that is still being made today.

The Hopi held KachinaKachina

ceremonies. Describe what

they were.

-religious ceremonies -spirits visit them half the yr-believe they bring rain to help crops grow & show how to live & behave -many different kachina dancers & dolls to teach children

What was the location &

climate of the Lakota SiouxLakota Sioux?

LocationLocation: : Dakota & Montana area – Black Hills of South Dakota

ClimateClimate: : dry prairies (flat grass covered lands) -hot summers & cold winters-little rain

Describe the food resources of the Lakota Lakota

SiouxSioux.

-farmers until 1600s, then horseshorses ran away from Spanish owners-by 1700s, Lakota tamed them – riding horses allowed them to

travel & hunt/eat buffalo -stopped living in permanent homes & followed buffalo-1800s- women dry buffalo meat so it lasts all yr (jerky)

Describe the homes of the

Lakota SiouxLakota Sioux.

-lived in teepees-mobile homes made of buffalo skins by the women -regulates temperature-could move teepees on travois (sleds)

What kind of technology & art did the

Lakota SiouxLakota Sioux have?

-kept track of time with

calendar on buffalo hide w/symbols–called winter counts

Describe how the Lakota Lakota

SiouxSioux treated a buffalo hunt like a sport.

-in 1800s- at a buffalo hunt & in battle, it was a sport for men -not meant to hurt anyone-used coup stick to touch opponents but not kill them

What was the location &

climate of the IroquoisIroquois?

LocationLocation:: from Atlantic Ocean to Mississippi River-5 grps of Iroquois in NY state -had Hodenosaunee Trail

ClimateClimate:: lots of lakes, rivers, forests, & has all 4 seasons

Describe the food resources

of the IroquoisIroquois.

-lots of natural resources: (fish from waters, hunting in forests & wood for building, grew rice, good soil for farming along costs)

-Excellent farmers: mostly women farmed

Describe the homes of the

IroquoisIroquois.

-lived in permanent villages & could travel far in canoes

-lived in longhouses (long buildings made of poles covered w/ bark) -several families per longhouse

What kind of technology & art did the IroquoisIroquois

have?

-Wampum: small drilled beads strung together as

belts or necklaces -made to remember important events -lots of time to make each one -began trading them in 1600s

With the IroquoisIroquois,

women had most of the power.

How so & what were they

called?

-Called clan mothers -decided how land was used & who used it-led clan of families- women owned longhouses -men joined wife’s longhouse-village leaders were men but chosen by clan mother

What Native American group are descendants of the

Anasazis?

Hint: think Pueblo people

The HopiHopi of the Southwest

Which tribe relied on the seas &

forests before the Europeans arrived? Explain how & what else these people

did.

Tlingit got most of their food from the sea & forests. They became wealthy from trading their extra food (surplus) & because they didn’t have to

worry about getting food/surviving, they were able to develop advanced

technology & art.

What tribe are Hiawatha & Deganawida

from & why is their story so important?

Hiawatha & Deganawida are Iroquois & their story

was important because their actions led to

creation of the Iroquois Confederacy & Great Laws, which made the Iroquois powerful & a

united group.

How & why did the Iroquois Iroquois ConfederacyConfederacy

form?

-in 1300s fighting broke out in Iroquois against other tribes over hunting ground-in 1570 formed Iroquois Confederacy – joined together to live in peace-2 leaders told story to help create Confederacy (Hiawatha & Deganawida)-had Great Laws (rules) -had Grand Council w/ representatives

chosen by clan mothers to make decisions by compromising

Describe the Alaska Native Alaska Native

Claims Claims Settlement ActSettlement Act &

what group of Native Americans it

was associated with.

-In 1867 US bought Alaska from Russia (Russians came to Tlingit Tlingit area in mid 1700s & took the land). -US forced many Tlingits away from coast; they couldn’t fish anymore-Tlingit fought to keep/get back land. -In 1971, US govt. passed Alaska

Native Claims Settlement Act which gave back 44 millions of acres of land to the Tlingit