2004 TSWG REVIEW TSWG... · 2018. 12. 4. · the conventional and improvised explosives that...

2004 TSWG REVIEWTechnical Support Working Group

COMBATING TERRORISM

ANTITERRORISM COUNTERTERRORISM INTELLIGENCE SUPPORT CONSEQUENCE MANAGEMENTANTITERRORISM COUNTERTERRORISM INTELLIGENCE SUPPORT CONSEQUENCE MANAGEMENT

2004 TSWG ReviewCombating Terrorism

iTechnical Support Working Group

1 Graduation Address, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, August 13, 2004.

The Global War on Terrorism (GWOT) demands that the tools of statecraftoperate on a foundation of technologies that can better protect us and moreeffectively defeat our enemies. Our competitive advantage against ruthless,determined, and intelligent terrorist adversaries depends critically upon thesteady development and deployment of technologies that meet the specificrequirements of armed forces, first responders, intelligence operatives, anddiplomats. Technology underlies our ability to detect and identify threats inadvance through superior intelligence gathering and interpreting techniques.

Technologies allow us to protect our seaports, airports, and border crossingsas we improve the security of our complex, intermodal transportation systemsand other critical infrastructure. Technologies are essential to detect and defeatthe conventional and improvised explosives that terrorists and insurgents areusing against innocent civilians and military personnel. The advancement andimplementation of such technologies offer better ways to protect citizens of allnations.

Success in the GWOT will depend upon a determined mobilization of virtuallyevery sector of our society. As Deputy Secretary of State Richard L. Armitagenoted recently,1

The attributes of mind, spirit, and character to which Deputy Secretary Armitagerefers are reflected in the cornucopia of technologies that have been realizedthrough the creative genius of scientists and engineers from the United Statesand around the world.

The Technical Support Working Group (TSWG) has led the development ofcombating terrorism technologies since 1986. It has done so in a uniqueinteragency forum that was created to cross traditional bureaucratic lines inorder to define user-based counterterrorism technology requirements acrossthe entire Federal establishment. This interagency cooperative body hasmobilized the creativity of industry, academic institutions, private companies,and national laboratories to secure solutions to the most urgent technicalrequirements in the GWOT.

“Led by the United States, nations all around the globe havecome together in an historic effort to wipe terrorism from theface of the Earth. Faithful friends and former foes alike haveunited against terror, and we are bringing every tool ofstatecraft to bear against it – military, intelligence, lawenforcement, financial, and most certainly diplomatic.”

Secretary of State Colin L. Powell, September 11, 2003

“We must be prepared to take a stand because it is not justthe magnificence of our military…that truly distinguishesAmerica. Nor is it the might of our economy; and the appealof our culture. It is the rule of law, and the equal right toopportunity. It is the freedom of mind and spirit and voice;and the energy and optimism of the American character.”

“We must always makesure that America’ssoldiers are well-equippedand well-trained to fightthis war on terror.”

George W. BushFebruary 17, 2004

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TSWG now operates through ten functional subgroups in which participantsfrom diverse backgrounds cooperate to define threats, articulate requirements,and manage the process of technology development to address those threatsand requirements. The consensus-based process by which this work hasprogressed has led to the rapid prototyping of equipment, tools, referencematerials, and software that in the words of Secretary of Homeland SecurityTom Ridge “have made us better, safer, stronger.”

“The war on terror is a different kind of war, waged captureby capture, cell by cell, and victory by victory. Our securityis assured by our perseverance and by our sure belief in thesuccess of liberty. And the United States of America will notrelent until this war is won.”

President George W. Bush, December 14, 2003

In Fiscal Year 2005, TSWG will continue to ground its program on the fourpillars of combating terrorism: antiterrorism, counterterrorism, intelligencesupport, and consequence management. It will continue to work with overeighty agencies, including the Department of Homeland Security, with which ithas established a coherent Science and Technology development agenda. Itwill continue to meet requirements, one by one, just as the purveyors of terrorismwill be taken down cell by cell.

The pages that follow illustrate TSWG’s accomplishments in technologyrealization during FY 2004. Some products are fully deployed and in use byend users; others remain in some stage of development. There are some projectsfor which their sensitivity precludes reporting in a public document. Altogether,the following report marks TSWG’s continuing vital contribution to thedevelopment of suitable technologies and tools to equip our nation’s quiver inits determined contest with the global forces of terror.

“The war on terror is not a figure of speech. It is aninescapable calling of our generation....The only certain wayto protect our people is by early, united, and decisive action.”

President George W. Bush, March 20, 2004

“As enemies continue toadapt and evolve, so mustour capabilities.”

Donald H. RumsfeldAugust 26, 2004P

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Technical Support Working Group1

The Technical Support Working Group

Organization and Structure.........................................................................................................3Program Funding..........................................................................................................................4

The Technical Support Working Group Subgroups

Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Countermeasures......................................5Explosives Detection....................................................................................................................9Improvised Device Defeat..........................................................................................................13Infrastructure Protection...........................................................................................................17Investigative Support and Forensics.......................................................................................21Physical Security.........................................................................................................................25Surveillance, Collection, and Operations Support.................................................................29Tactical Operations Support......................................................................................................31Training Technology Development.........................................................................................33Very Important Person Protection........................................................................................37

Appendices

BAA Information Delivery System...........................................................................................43TSWG Membership....................................................................................................................45TSWG Subgroup Membership.................................................................................................49TSWG Performers.......................................................................................................................57Glossary of Acronyms...............................................................................................................65

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TSWG OrganizationIn April 1982, National Security Decision Directive 30 assigned responsibility forthe development of overall U.S. policy on terrorism to the InterdepartmentalWorking Group on Terrorism (IG/T), chaired by the Department of State (DOS).The Technical Support Working Group (TSWG) was an original subgroup of theIG/T, which later became the Interagency Working Group on Counterterrorism(IWG/CT). In its February 1986 report, a cabinet-level Task Force onCounterterrorism, led by then Vice-President Bush, cited TSWG as assuring “thedevelopment of appropriate counterterrorism technological efforts.”

Today, TSWG still performs that counterterrorism technology developmentfunction as a stand-alone interagency working group. TSWG’s mission is toconduct the national interagency research and development (R&D) program forcombating terrorism requirements. It also has commenced efforts to conduct andinfluence longer-term R&D initiatives and, reflecting the shift to a more offensivestrategy, balance its technology and capability development efforts among thefour pillars of combating terrorism: antiterrorism, counterterrorism, intelligencesupport, and consequence management.

StructureTSWG operates under the policy oversight of the Department of State (DOS)Coordinator for Counterterrorism and under the management and technicaloversight of the Department of Defense (DoD) Assistant Secretary of Defense forSpecial Operations and Low-Intensity Conflict (ASD (SO/LIC)). While TSWG’score funds are derived principally from DoD’s Combating Terrorism TechnologySupport (CTTS) Program and DOS, other departments and agencies contributeadditional funds and provide personnel to act as task managers and technicaladvisors.

As a result of Congressional direction for TSWG to engage in joint counterterrorismR&D efforts with selected NATO and major non-NATO allies, TSWG assumed aninternational dimension in FY 1993. TSWG conducts cooperative R&D withCanada, Israel, and the United Kingdom through separate bilateral agreements.

TSWG has successfully transitioned capabilities to the Departments of Agriculture,Defense, Justice, State, and Treasury; the Intelligence Community; theTransportation Security Administration; the Public Health Service; and otherdepartments and agencies. Additionally, TSWG has transitioned many systemsto State and local law enforcement.

TSWG membership includes representatives from over eighty organizations acrossthe Federal Government. These departments and agencies work together byparticipating in one or more subgroups. Participation traditionally has been opento Federal departments and agencies, but with the increasing importance of firstresponders, appropriate representatives from State, local, and internationalagencies are invited to participate on an as-needed basis. A comprehensivelisting of member organizations by subgroup is provided in the appendix.

The ten subgroups are: Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and NuclearCountermeasures; Explosives Detection; Improvised Device Defeat; InfrastructureProtection; Investigative Support and Forensics; Physical Security; Surveillance,Collection, and Operations Support; Tactical Operations Support; TrainingTechnology Development; and VIP Protection.

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OversightDOS

ExecutiveProgram Direction

ASD (SO/LIC)

Technical ChairsDoD DHS DOE FBI

Chemical, Biological,Radiological, & Nuclear

CountermeasuresDoD/FDA

Improvised DeviceDefeat

FBI

Investigative Support& Forensics

USSS

Surveillance, Collection,& Operations Support

IC

Training TechnologyDevelopment

DoD/DHS

Explosives DetectionTSA

Infrastructure ProtectionDoD/FBI

Physical SecurityDoD

TacticalOperations Support

DoD

PROGRAM MANAGEMENTCombating TerrorismTechnology Support

Office (DoD)

COORDINATOR FOR COUNTERTERRORISM

MULTI-AGENCY MEMBER SUBGROUPS

VIP ProtectionUSSS

TSWG FY 2004 Program Funding($165 Million)

TSWG Organization

Each subgroup is chaired by a senior representative from a Federal agency with special expertise in that functional area.Chairmanship of three subgroups is shared as indicated in the organizational chart above.

TSWG Program FundingFunding for the TSWG program has increased from almost $8 million in FY 1994 to approximately $165 million in FY 2004.This increase reflects the heightened concern over terrorist activity and the recognized need to accelerate the developmentof technologies to effectively address the threat. The Department of Defense provides the bulk of funding for TSWGactivities; DoD contributed $94 million in FY 2004. The Department of State contributes annually to TSWG corefunding, while other departments and agencies share the costs of selected projects.

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Improvised Device Defeat (IDD)

20%

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Chemical, Biological, Radiological, &Nuclear Countermeasures (CBRNC)

Explosives Detection (ED)

Infrastructure Protection (IP)

Investigative Support & Forensics (ISF)

Physical Security (PS)

Surveillance, Collection, &Operations Support (SCOS)

Tactical Operations Support (TOS)

Training Technology Development (TTD)VIP Protection (VIP)

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MissionIdentify and prioritize interagency chemical, biological, radiological, andnuclear combating terrorism requirements and deliver technology solutionsfor detection, protection, decontamination, mitigation, containment, anddisposal.

The Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Countermeasures (CBRNC)Subgroup identifies, validates, and prioritizes multi-agency requirements andcompetitively seeks technology solutions to counter the terrorist employmentof CBRN materials. Through its participation in the InterAgency Board (IAB)for Equipment Standardization and InterOperability and in coordination withDHS, NIJ, and EPA, the CBRNC Subgroup integrates technology requirementsfrom the fire, hazardous materials, law enforcement, and emergency medicalservices communities. Senior representatives from the Department of Defenseand the Food and Drug Administration co-chair the CBRNC Subgroup.

Focus AreasThe CBRNC Subgroup covers the full range of CBRN incident prevention andresponse to improvised CBRN devices, and the focus areas reflect the prioritizedrequirements of the CBRN response community. During FY 2004, these focusareas were:

DetectionImprove the sampling, detection, and forensic analysis of chemical, biological,and radiological threat agents in the air, on surfaces, in food, and in water.

ProtectionEnhance the operating performance and reduce the costs of personal and buildingprotection CB equipment. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) includesrespiratory protection systems and suits. Building protection includes designtools for engineers in addition to advanced filter materials.

DecontaminationImprove technologies and protocols for personnel, facilities, and equipmentdecontamination. Systems will be low-cost, environmentally benign, and safeand will be effective for decontaminating chemical and biological warfare agentsand persistent toxic industrial chemicals and for mitigation after a release ofradioactive materials.

Information ResourcesDevelop shared information management tools to provide a common “pictureof the scene” and facilitate the efficient integration of diverse emergency andconsequence management elements from Federal, State, and local agencies.

Selected Completed ProjectsPersonal Heat Stress CalculatorWhen wearing PPE, users such as first responders to emergency situations areconcerned not only with the hazardous agents they may face but also withancillary issues such as physical stress and overexertion. The Heat StressCalculator provides a planning tool for first responders to assess and manageheat stress risk while wearing PPE. This personal digital assistant (PDA) allowsthe user to input workload, PPE configuration, and environmental

Environmental Protection AgencyFire Department, City of New YorkGeneral Services Administration

Mail PolicyIntelligence CommunityInterAgency BoardNuclear Regulatory CommissionU.S. Capitol PoliceU.S. Department of Agriculture

APHIS, ARS, FSISU.S. Department of Commerce NISTU.S. Department of Defense

DIA, DPS, DTRA, JCS, NSA, OATSD/CBD, PFPA, SOCOM, USA (52nd Ord,AMRIID, CMLS, ECBC, FORSCOM,MANSCEN, NGIC, SBCCOM, TEU),USAF (ACC, ESC, FPBL, SG), USMC(CBIRF), USN (NAVCENT, NAWC,NSWC)

U.S. Department of EnergyOS

U.S. Department of Health andHuman ServicesCDC, FDA, NIOSH

U.S. Department of HomelandSecurityBTS (TSA), EPR (FEMA), S&T(HSARPA), USCG, USSS

U.S. Department of JusticeFBI, NIJ, OJP, USMS

U.S. Department of StateDS, OBO, S/CT

U.S. Department of TransportationIntel

U.S. Postal ServiceUSPIS

U.S. SenateSAA

Washington Metropolitan AreaTransit Authority

Membership

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conditions into the device to obtain the optimal work/rest cycle for the firstresponder. The Heat Stress Calculator is commercially available from GEOMETTechnologies, Inc. Additional information is available at:www.geomet.com/heatstresspda.com/index.htm

Electrostatic Decontamination SystemThe proliferation of CB weapons makes it imperative to develop new technologiesto provide effective, safe, and efficient decontamination systems to facilitate thetimely restoration of operations following a contamination incident. Clean EarthTechnologies’ portable Electrostatic Decontamination System (EDS) uses apatent-pending decontamination solution, activated by ultraviolet light, to rapidlyand effectively neutralize chemical and biological agents with minimalenvironmental impact and logistical burden. The design is being further improvedfor increased manufacturability, maintainability, and ruggedness to meet thewide range of operational environments encountered by emergency respondersand DoD forces. The EDS is procurement-ready for DoD and other Federalagencies and will be ready for purchase by State and local emergency responderspending EPA registration. Requests for additional information should be sent [email protected].

Sensor WebDecontamination of a building after an anthrax release is typically done withchlorine dioxide gas. To maintain effectiveness, the gas concentration,temperature, and humidity throughout the building must be maintained withinnarrow ranges. Equipped with chlorine dioxide, temperature, and humiditysensors, Sensor Web pods can be efficiently and cost-effectively deployed in abuilding to monitor the physical conditions and chemical concentrations in realtime over the Internet. The communication packages on the pods automaticallyorganize themselves into a wireless network, providing a thinking infrastructurefor the sensors they carry. The pods have been deployed for up to 18 monthswithout maintenance using embedded solar cells to recharge the onboardbatteries. Additional information and live environmental data from currentdeployment sites are available at: http://sensorwebs.jpl.nasa.gov.

CB Improvement Building Design Protocol (Web-Based)Increasing events of domestic and global terrorism have created concerns aboutpotential building vulnerabilities, and methods are needed to safeguardinfrastructure and to counter any terrorist deployment of CBRN weapons. Toaid in the design or redesign of building collective protection systems, UnitedTechnologies Research Center developed a user-friendly software tool to assistbuilding engineers in developing and retrofitting structures against chemical orbiological attack. The software performs a vulnerability analysis of a current orplanned building, suggests options for decreasing vulnerability, and analyzesthe proposed improvement plan. Specific building data, including cost details,can be added by the user. Requests from government agencies for additionalinformation should be sent to [email protected].

Atmospheric Plasma Biological Decontamination SystemNeutralizing biological warfare agents on sensitive, high-value items whileminimizing material damage is a challenge, with special concern for items ofnational historical significance. Most currently available technologies damagesensitive items or have considerable logistical hurdles. Atmospheric GlowTechnologies (AGT) developed the Atmospheric Plasma Decontamination (APD)system to effectively decontaminate biological spores without producing

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Technical Support Working GroupCBRNC


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significant damage to sensitive materials, such as black and white photographs,cotton-bond printed paper, antique oil paintings, and antique tapestries. TheAPD system uses AGT’s One Atmosphere Uniform Glow Discharge Plasma tocreate antimicrobial gases that neutralize bioagents without exposing thesensitive items to the liquid chemicals, high humidity, or harsh temperaturesassociated with other decontamination technologies. AGT is currentlydeveloping plans for commercialization of the system. Additional information isavailable at: www.atmosphericglow.com.

Selected Current ProjectsImproved Level A Chemical Protective EnsembleThe increasing threat of international and domestic terrorism has expanded theneed for protective clothing within and beyond traditional boundaries. Thisthreat challenges the performance limitations of both civilian and military chemicalprotective clothing. Current Level A suits require 5 to 10 minutes to don on thescene and only remain effective for approximately one hour. After an hour,chemical, biological, and radiological (CBR) agents can permeate the suit, or thesuit may be compromised by exposure to fire or sharp hazards in the environment.Interspiro is developing an improved chemical protective ensemble that providesat least the same level of vapor, aerosol, and splash protection from CBR agentsas a National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 1994 Class 2 ensemble. Theensemble will have improved heat transfer properties and will be compatible withexisting commercial and military issued respiratory protection.

Next Generation Fire Fighter Protective EnsembleWith the potential for release of CB agents during terrorist incidents, fire fightersnow face additional risks of exposure in which their personal protective clothingdoes not provide adequate protection. The current generation of PPE is primarilydesigned to provide protection against the thermal and physical hazardsassociated with structural fire fighting. The International Association of FireFighters and North Carolina State University are designing equipment that willprovide protection consistent with the high standards of the NFPA for bothstructural fire fighting protection and CB protection. These next-generationgarments will provide dramatically enhanced protection against chemical andbiological agents while improving the flexibility, weight, durability, heat stressreduction, service life, and costs associated with currently available protectivegear.

Real-Time Biological Aerosol DetectionOver ten times a second, the bio-aerosol mass spectrometry (BAMS) systemdeveloped by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory samples individualaerosol particles and measures their size and shape. If the particle fluoresces,indicating that it may be of biological origin, a laser fires and hits the aerosolparticle, which is traveling at the speed of sound. The ions generated are analyzedby a mass spectrometer to determine the chemical composition. BAMS candistinguish a wide variety of background aerosol particles from those ofbiological origin. Spores of Bacillus can be detected and identified at the specieslevel. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the cause of TB, can also be identified,providing a dual-use application for the technique in the public health domain.

Distributed Chemical SensorMonitoring a facility or building with a collection of point chemical sensors isexpensive, can leave gaps in coverage, and delays the alarm since the toxic

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cloud must move to the sensor. The Distributed Chemical Agent Sensing andTransmission (DiCAST) system under development by Intelligent OpticalSystems replaces these point sensors with a continuous line of protection.DiCAST integrates stable and sensitive reagents for the rapid detection of selectedtoxic industrial chemicals and CWAs into the plastic cladding of speciallydesigned and drawn optical fibers. By deploying the sensing fiber cables inbuildings and on the perimeter of facilities, base and facilities security managerscan monitor, detect, and warn of a chemical attack. The sensing fibers respondto the presence of the toxic chemical in seconds, and the alarm moves along thefiber at the speed of light. The first field evaluation will be conducted in Spring2005.

Expedient Mitigation of a Radiological ReleaseTo mitigate the effects of terrorist use of a radiological dispersion device, rapidcontainment of radioactive material is essential. First responders need materials,equipment, and procedures to remove radioactive surface contaminants quicklyand efficiently. Isotron is developing a novel coating technology and processfor immediate countermeasures that will support crisis response in the aftermathof a radiological release. The technology will provide a critical capability to firstresponders to prevent the unwanted spread of radionuclides and to facilitatesubsequent restoration and decontamination efforts.

Statistical Design Tool for Sampling Contaminated BuildingsEnsuring the success of building decontamination following a chemical orbiological event requires a statistically valid surface sampling plan for determiningthe extent of contamination. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) isdeveloping a software tool to guide the efforts of response personnel in samplecollection and decontamination efficiently and effectively. PNNL is enhancingthe capabilities of an existing software package, the Visual Sample Plan (VSP),which enables decision makers to quickly create a sampling plan that allowsthem to define with high confidence the magnitude and extent of contamination,guide decontamination efforts, and verify the effectiveness of decontamination.The enhanced VSP will advise consequence management and emergencyresponders on how best to assess the contamination and to evaluatedecontamination efforts.

Real-Time Radioisotope Identification and ReportingBorder security and public safety personnel at all levels of government need toquickly, reliably, and affordably distinguish radioactive threat materials from themany naturally occurring, industrial, and medical radioisotopes moving incommerce. SAIC’s Advanced Radioisotope Identification System (ARIS)integrates a new room-temperature scintillation crystal with twice the resolutionof the material used in existing isotope identifiers. Better resolution will result infaster and more confident identification for border security, bomb squad, andhazardous materials response units. Support for backup analysis is built intothe system. The integrated global positioning system (GPS) and wireless datatransfer capabilities facilitate the transfer of annotated high resolution gammaspectra from remote incident locations to analysis and command centers overexisting telecommunications paths. ARIS is being built and tested to meet ANSIN42.34, which is a standard for performance criteria for handheld instruments forthe detection and identification of radionuclides.

Contact [email protected]

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ED

Membership

U.S. Capitol PoliceU.S. Department of Defense

DIA, NSA, USA (TEU), USAF (ACC,AFRL, ESC), USN (NAVEOTECHDIV,NCIS, NRL)


U.S. Department of HomelandSecurityBTS (CBP, FAMS, FPS, TSA), S&T(HSARPA), USCG, USSS

U.S. Department of JusticeATF, NIJ

U.S. Department of StateDS


MissionIdentify, prioritize, and execute research and development projects thatsatisfy interagency requirements for existing and emerging technologies inthe area of explosives detection and diagnostics. Emphasis is placed on along-term, sustained approach leading to new and enhanced technologiesfor detection and identification of improvised explosive devices and largevehicle bombs.

These projects are intended to enhance the operational capability of both militaryand civilian applications. A representative from the Transportation SecurityAdministration chairs the ED Subgroup.

Focus AreasThe ED Subgroup focus areas reflect the prioritized requirements of a broadrange of interagency customers, including those responsible for physicalsecurity and forensic analysis. During FY 2004, these focus areas were:

Large Vehicle Bomb DetectionDevelop technologies necessary to provide a stand-off detection capability ofexplosives in large volumes at greater distances. This includes investigatingunique physical and chemical phenomena that identify the presence ofexplosives, the physical limits for sensor technology to respond to thesephenomena, and enhancements to detection technology. To provide near-termsolutions, ED is developing remote detection techniques, where a system canbe downfield from the operator but near the objects of interest. Long-termtechnologies leading to a true stand-off capability are being explored.

Suicide Bomber DetectionImprove systems that detect the presence of improvised explosive devicesconcealed by persons engaged in suicide attacks against governmentinstallations and public facilities, both domestic and international. Programs inthis area are highly sensitive; specific capabilities generally cannot be discussedin an open document.

Short-Range DetectionDevelop new explosive detection capabilities and improvements to existingsystems for detection and diagnosis of concealed terrorist devices. Emphasis isplaced on technology areas that lead to equipment development for entry-pointscreening. Key areas include improvements in detection rate, throughput, andaccuracy in identification of explosives, as well as safety for both operators andthe general public.

CaninesDevelop training tools, protocols, and technologies that support and enhancecanine detection of explosives. The goal is to improve canine team effectivenessand consistency through better understanding of both canine detection abilityand canine/human interaction.

Completed ProjectsIncreasing Marking Agent Concentration in Flexible Sheet ExplosivesMarking agents are chemicals added to plastic explosives to make them moredetectable. This project compared the manufacturing process, explosive

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performance characteristics, and operational use of flexible sheet explosivescontaining either no marking agent, the current concentration, or an increasedmarking agent concentration. Testing in both a military and civilian applicationfound no significant differences in performance between the three versions offlexible sheet explosives. Handling and manufacturability of the explosives wereacceptable in all cases. The report recommends further study of workplaceexposures to the marking agent during manufacturing. Results were presented tothe International Civil Aviation Organization in September 2004. Requests foradditional information should be sent to [email protected].

Housing and Husbandry of CaninesThe importance of canine detection, the investment in training, and the closerelationships developed between dogs and handlers call for careful attention toanimal welfare before, during, and after detection training. This study identifiedappropriate definitions of animal welfare for detection dogs, factors causing stressin kenneled dogs, means of measuring canine stress, and the effects of stress oncanine performance. It also includes simple improvement measures, such asproviding raised sleeping platforms for kenneled dogs. A previous study providedmetrics that may be used to select dogs for bomb detection training. Results ofboth studies will be included in mandatory training manuals for service dogs inthe United Kingdom. These projects have provided a practical scientific basis forthis keystone of canine detection and are useful for both existing and new programs.Requests from government agencies for these reports should be sent [email protected].

Current ProjectsCanine Handler SelectionResearchers in both the United States and the United Kingdom, with theinvolvement of agencies that use canines for detection, are developing selectionmethods and training materials for canine handlers. A handler selection programbased on this research will enhance the efficiency of training programs bydecreasing attrition. Better methods of selecting handler trainees, combined witha strong training program, will raise the overall skills and performance of caninehandlers. Three surveys of both experienced and trainee handlers to identifytheir personality traits and attitudes towards dogs are in progress.

Neutron Generator Technology for Explosives Detection in Cargo and VehiclesLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory is building an advanced neutron generatorthat will enable development of systems for automated, non-intrusive detectionof explosives in cargo containers, wrapped pallets, railcars, and vehicles. Long-lasting neutron sources are an essential enabling technology for large vehiclebomb detection. This generator is expected to have a lifetime exceeding 1000operating hours at full output. Neutron activation analysis systems based onthis generator will be suitable for fixed installations at both commercial and militarysites while being compact enough to deploy.

Quadrupole Resonance Personnel Screening PortalQuantum Magnetics has developed a prototype Quadrupole Resonance (QR)portal for the detection of explosive devices concealed on persons. QR technologyprovides a capability to directly detect bulk explosives that have been problematic

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Technical Support Working GroupED 11

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for trace methods. One prototype integrated with an advanced metal detector hasbeen built, and two more are currently being assembled. The first prototype isbeing readied for use in an operational assessment by the Transportation SecurityAdministration. This non-trace explosive detection system for personnel screeningmay be integrated with a trace portal for additional capability, or used in locationswhere trace detection is not viable because of high background levels of dirt orchemicals.

Trace Explosive Detection Using Handheld Chemical AnalyzerDefence Science and Technology Laboratories is developing a handheld massspectrometer for trace detection of explosives. The device will use a solid-statesensor and have high specificity, providing identification of particular explosivecompounds. The design goal is identification of 1 Atomic Mass Unit (AMU)differences for compounds up to 400 AMU. Detector chips for the prototypehave been delivered and are being tested.


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Technical Support Working GroupIDD 13

IDD

MissionIdentify, prioritize, and execute research and development projects that satisfyinteragency requirements to more safely and effectively render terrorist devicessafe. Particular emphasis is placed on technologies to access, diagnose, anddefeat terrorist improvised explosive devices (IEDs); improvised CBRNdevices; and vehicle-borne improvised explosive devices (VBIEDs).

The Improvised Device Defeat (IDD) Subgroup delivers advanced technologies,tools, and information to increase the operational capabilities of the U.S. militaryexplosive ordnance disposal (EOD) community and Federal, State, and localbomb squads to defeat and mitigate terrorist devices. In collaboration withmilitary, Federal, State, and local agencies, the IDD Subgroup identifies andprioritizes multi-agency user requirements through an ongoing process. Arepresentative from the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s Bomb Data Centerchairs the IDD Subgroup.

Focus AreasThe IDD Subgroup focus areas reflect the joint priorities of military and civilianresponders. During FY 2004, these focus areas were:

Access & DiagnosticsDevelop advanced technologies for diagnostic analysis of IEDs in the areas ofimproved tools and equipment. Projects in this area develop technologies toaccess and accurately locate and/or identify components and composition withinan improvised terrorist device to facilitate timely response and deviceneutralization.

DefeatDevelop advanced technologies to defeat IEDs, VBIEDs, and improvised CBRNdispersal devices. Emphasis is placed on developing low-cost solutions thatare readily available to the bomb squad community. This focus area includesprojects that are designed to increase stand-off capabilities, reduce collateraldamage, and provide precision disruption and disablement capabilities andtechniques.

Tactical ToolsDevelop improved tools and equipment to increase the safety and effectivenessof EOD and bomb squad technicians during a response. Projects in this fieldprovide enhanced situational awareness, improved tactical tools, and tools tocounter emergent explosive threats.

Information ResourcesDevelop information resources and delivery systems to enhance responsecapabilities. This area provides equipment performance results, databaseresources, operational response technology information, and automatedinformation systems to improve tactical and operational response capabilities.

Remote Controlled Vehicles and ToolsDevelop technologies that will improve the performance and reliability of roboticsystems for the bomb squad technician. These technologies include advancedrobotic platforms with improved manipulation capabilities, control systems,navigation technologies, payloads, and communications. TSWG’s CommonSystem Architecture is the foundation of these systems and will for the first

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Membership

Fairfax County (VA) PoliceDepartment

Intelligence CommunityNational Bomb Squad Commanders

Advisory BoardU.S. Capitol PoliceU.S. Department of Defense

USA, USAF, USMC, USNU.S. Department of Homeland

SecurityBTS (ODP, TSA), IAIP, S&T(HSARPA), USSS

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time enable all robotic components, regardless of the developer, to be “plug-and-play.” With the increasing diversity and complexity of terrorist threats, it isvital that the bomb technician conduct as much of the mission as possible byremote means.

Emergent ThreatsCharacterize improvised explosive mixtures used by terrorist organizations anddevelop effective response procedures, tools, and equipment to counter thethreat.

Selected Completed ProjectsSuicide Bomber Response Standard Operating Procedures and VBIED CD-ROM Reference Database and Guideline Standard Operating ProceduresThe Suicide Bomber Response Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) provideconsensus-based response protocols for Federal, State, and local bomb squadsand first responders. The protocols include the minimum essential information,knowledge, tools, and procedures needed to prepare for, respond to, and mitigatethe consequences of suicide bombers and bombs in the United States. TheVBIED CD-ROM Reference Database and Guideline SOPs are recommendedtactics, techniques, and procedures to counter the threat represented by VBIEDs.The SOPs are a compilation in CD-ROM format of the knowledge, experience,and expertise of U.S. and international partners for combating these threats.The SOPs promulgate relevant technology and intelligence to assist bombsquads and first responders with training programs and policy development.The CD-ROMs are available for distribution to accredited bomb squads andfirst responders throughout the United States. Requests from governmentagencies for additional information should be sent to [email protected].

Stand-Off Connectivity Control UnitThe bomb squad and EOD communities required a product that allows for theeasy adaptation of existing digital equipment, such as the RTR-4 X-ray imagingsystem and the ADM-300 radiological monitor, to analog robotic platforms.The Stand-Off Connectivity Control Unit (SCCU) was developed to providebackward compatibility of existing sensor technology with legacy analog roboticsystems. It will increase the remote capabilities without costly roboticmodifications. Additional information on the SCCU can be obtained fromNomadics by sending requests to [email protected].

Robotic White Light/Infrared Switching SystemCurrently, robotic platforms solely use incandescent white light for bomb squadoperations. While these lights provide vehicle-mounted cameras enough lightto operate, they are not ideal for use in tactical situations. This completed effortprovides existing and new robotic platforms with enhanced lighting capabilitiesthat can be switched from a white spotlight to a low-level infrared light as theresponse dictates. Additional information on this product can be obtained bycompleting a Web inquiry form at the QinetiQ Web site: www.qinetiq.com.

Radio Frequency Remote Firing Device Upgrade The commercial Radio Frequency Remote Firing Device (RFD) previouslydeveloped by TSWG is a low-cost, lightweight, battery-operated firing systemused by civilian law enforcement personnel for firing electric detonators,electrically primed cartridges, blasting caps, and an explosive shock tube in the

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performance of render-safe procedures. The U.S. Air Force requested an upgradeto the RFD to meet the operational requirements of deploying EOD teams. Thiseffort incorporated recommended changes identified during an Operational UtilityEvaluation of the RFD system. The upgraded system provides the EODcommunity with an extremely rugged, low-cost firing system. Additionalinformation on this product can be obtained from Engineering Technology, Inc.at: www.engrtech.com.

Selected Current ProjectsEOD Automated Information SystemThe Automated Information System will enable EOD operators and bombtechnicians to search, retrieve, and exchange information across numerousnetworks and systems from a fixed facility or from a laptop in the field. ThisWeb-based system will allow responders to rapidly access information, render-safe procedures, and disposal options for improvised explosive devices. Thenext development effort will focus on preparing this system for deployment anduse by State and local bomb squads and first responder communities.

First Responder Automated Data Tool Real-Time Information Sharing SystemBomb disposal technicians and other first responders need to actively shareintelligence and situational awareness information in real time. The current FirstResponder Automated Data Tool (FRAT) system provides users with a commonapplication to organize, share, and store reference materials, information,graphics, and applications. The sharing of information is limited to local userswithin the department. This effort will integrate standards recently adopted bythe NIJ into the existing FRAT system, providing bomb disposal technicianswith the ability to publish information and to query critical information that hasbeen published by other bomb disposal personnel and government agencies.This task will be accomplished by the integration of the FRAT Real-TimeInformation Sharing system into the existing Law Enforcement Online (LEO)system and the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives Bomband Arson Tracking System (BATS) to allow the nationwide sharing ofinformation throughout the bomb squad and first responder communities.

Next-Generation Explosive Ordnance Disposal Remote Controlled Vehiclesand ToolsUsing TSWG’s Common System Architecture for modular “plug-and-play”capability, iRobot has successfully developed and demonstrated advancedremote controlled vehicle technology subsystems for explosive ordnancedisposal. These subsystems include semiautonomous mobility, advancedmanipulator cooperative behaviors, and automatic pay-in/-out tensionless fiber-optic systems having over 1 km range. Also included are wirelesscommunications with the capability of two-way audio and video transmissionand an automatic recovery protocol in the event of loss of signal. Efforts willcontinue into subsystem integration testing onto an advanced mobility platform.

Recoilless Disruptor Breech CharacterizationBomb disposal technicians use robotic platforms to remotely position and fireexplosively driven disrupters against IEDs to access or defeat these devices.The high recoil forces of these disrupters have caused damage to the manipulatorsystem of the robotic platform. A Recoil Reduction Adapter has been developedby the manufacturer of the Percussion Actuated Non-electric (PAN) disruptor

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and was stated to greatly reduce the recoil force. This project addressescharacterization testing of the developed adapter. This testing will confirm thedegree of reduction in recoil forces as well as loss of muzzle energy and willverify that cartridge characteristics are unaffected.

Tactical Timed Firing DeviceTo initiate energetic charges and tools under controlled situations, militaryEOD and bomb disposal communities need a small, reliable, easy-to-use, multi-use, and self-contained timed firing device. The Tactical Timed Firing Device(TTFD) will fire multi-sized shock tubes, electrical blasting caps, or electricallyprimed cartridges during EOD or bomb squad response situations. The TTFDwill be ready for use in under a minute, use standard battery power, and operatein extreme climactic conditions. Additionally, the TTFD will provide an alternativeto radio frequency remote firing devices in situations where the use of radiofrequency transmissions is prohibited.


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Technical Support Working Group17IP

IP

MissionIdentify, prioritize, and execute research and development projects thatsatisfy interagency requirements for the protection and assurance of criticalGovernment, public, and private infrastructure systems required to maintainthe national and economic security of the United States.

The Infrastructure Protection (IP) Subgroup works to ensure the uninterruptedservice of infrastructure systems that are vital to maintaining the national andeconomic security of the United States. These critical systems include controlsystems for electric power, natural gas, petroleum products, and water; telephone,radio, and television; ground, rail, and air transportation facilities; and cybercommunications networks. IP research and development reflects the multivariatethreat to the complex and interdependent systems, subsystems, and componentsof the nation’s infrastructure. Solutions include conventional security measuresplus those offered by emerging technologies. Representatives from theDepartment of Defense and the Federal Bureau of Investigation co-chair the IPSubgroup.

Focus AreasThe IP Subgroup focus areas reflect the prioritized requirements generated withrespect to critical aspects of the nation’s infrastructure. During FY 2004, thesefocus areas were:

Cyber SecurityProvide detection, prevention, response, and alert capabilities to counter cyberattacks and harden computer systems. Society increasingly relies upon newinformation technologies and the Internet to conduct business, manage industrialactivities, engage in personal communications, and perform scientific research.The complexity and sophistication of information technologies and theirwidespread integration increases the likelihood of unforeseen vulnerabilities.Unprecedented opportunities are created for criminals, terrorists, and hostileforeign nation-states to steal money or proprietary data, invade private records,conduct industrial espionage, or cause failure of vital infrastructure elements.The prevention and mitigation of threats to computer networks is vital in almostall its facets.

Information AnalysisDevelop tools and methodologies to support analysts who are overwhelmedby the volume, variety, and velocity of information that must be processed.Information analysis technologies enhance the storage, protection, analysis,discovery, and presentation of disparate sources of data in meaningful forms.

Physical ProtectionStandardize methodologies and decision aids for vulnerability analysis andenhanced protection of critical elements to secure the nation’s infrastructure.These elements include power generation and transmission, water supplies,and health services. By understanding the dynamics of complex criticalinfrastructures, secure operating methodologies and strategies can bedeveloped to prevent and mitigate widespread failures caused by cascadingand interactive network effects. This research will evaluate dynamic behaviormodels, develop common standards and practices in and between criticalinfrastructures, and investigate system vulnerabilities to various threats.

Membership

Environmental Protection AgencyNuclear Regulatory CommissionU.S. Department of Agriculture

FSU.S. Department of Commerce

NISTU.S. Department of Defense

DTRA, JPO-STC, USA (CE), USAF(OSI), USMC (CIP), USN (NCIS, NSWC)

U.S. Department of EnergyOEA, OS

U.S. Department of HomelandSecurityBTS (FPS, ODP, TSA), EPR (FEMA),S&T (HSARPA, NIPC), USSS

U.S. Department of JusticeFBI

U.S. Department of TransportationFAA, Volpe

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Selected Completed ProjectsNetwork Isolation ToolThe Network Isolation Tool provides an early indication of when to severconnections between local area networks (e.g., internal mission critical,administrative) and wide area networks (e.g., external networks, the Internet).The system is capable of remote operation and contains internal intrusiondetection based on behavioral modeling. Additional information can be foundat: www.psynapsetech.com/checkmate_ips.html.

American Gas Association Standard for Supervisory Control andData AcquisitionThe American Gas Association (AGA) 12-1 is a standard for the encryption ofSupervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) communications that canbe adopted by utility companies to secure interactions between master systemsand remote terminal units in the field. Systems built to the AGA 12-1 standardare National Institute of Standards and Technology compliant and provide thelatest in secure communications for SCADA systems and deny unauthorizeddata transmissions or intrusions. The latest version of AGA 12-1 and the Javacode that implements the standard can be found at: www.gtiservices.org/security/aga12_wkgdoc_homepg.shtml.

Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition Cryptographic ModuleDeveloped by the Gas Technology Institute, the SCADA cryptographic moduleencrypts communications between components of a SCADA network to protectagainst hackers or other misuse. The SCADA cryptographic module complieswith AGA 12-1 for natural gas systems and can also be used for water andelectric power SCADA systems. Additional information can be found at:www.gtiservices.org/security/index.shtml.

Selected Current ProjectsSensor Web for Infrastructure ProtectionThe Sensor Web for Infrastructure Protection (SWIP) is a wireless sensor webequipped with tilt meters that will be mounted on towers, detect when thetowers are falling over, and report back to a central monitoring location. Thissystem is an extension of the Sensor Web project initiated by the CBRNCSubgroup. The SWIP can be equipped with various types of sensors dependingon the application to protect other critical infrastructure.

Incident Commanders Water Modeling ToolThe Incident Commanders Water Modeling Tool (ICWater) will extend thecapability of the previously developed RiverSpill modeling tool to allow anincident commander to analyze and react quickly to chemical and/or biologicalcontaminants introduced into surface water sources. The number of riversegments covered will expand from 68,000 to over 3 million river segmentsnationwide. In addition, ICWater will be “plug-and- play” with existing incidentcommander and emergency response tools such as the Chemical BiologicalResponse Aide (CoBRA), Consequence Assessment Tool Set (CATS), NaturalHazard Loss Estimation Methodology (HAZUS), and the EPA EmergencyResponse Analyzer.

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Virus Propagation Analysis ToolThe Virus Propagation Analysis Tool (VPAT) is being developed to assist systemadministrators in planning and protecting their communication networks fromthe harmful effects of malicious code by providing a better understanding ofhow viruses propagate across the Internet. The tool will analyze the severity ofinfection, identify weak points in a network’s defense, and suggest strategiesfor recovery and mitigation.

Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition Protocol VulnerabilityThe SCADA protocol vulnerability system will provide a rapid means to testcritical SCADA network components for both known and unknown securityflaws prior to deployment. SCADA is used extensively by the energy industry(e.g., gas, oil, electric, water), and the initial capability of this system will be totest the Modbus protocol, which is currently the most prevalent in the industry.

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Technical Support Working Group21ISF

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Membership

Environmental Protection AgencyCID, NEIC

Federal Reserve BoardIntelligence CommunityNational Transportation Safety BoardU.S. Department of Commerce

NIST (OLES)U.S. Department of Defense

AFIP, DARPA, DCFL, DoDPI, DTRA,NSA, USA (CID), USAF (OSI), USMC(CBIRF), USN (NCIS)


U.S. Department of HomelandSecurity

BTS (CBP, FDL, FPS, TSA), EPR(FEMA), S&T (HSARPA), USSS

U.S. Department of JusticeATF, DEA, FBI, NIJ (NCFS, NFSTC),USMS

U.S. Department of TransportationFAA


MissionIdentify, prioritize, and execute research and development projects that satisfyinteragency requirements for criminal investigation, law enforcement, andforensic technology applications in terrorism-related cases.

The Investigative Support and Forensics (ISF) Subgroup supports researchand development projects that provide new capabilities to law enforcementpersonnel, forensic scientists, and intelligence operatives responsible forinvestigating and interdicting terrorist incidents. Projects conducted throughthis group have had a major impact on forensic investigations and intelligenceoperations throughout the law enforcement community. A representative fromthe U.S. Secret Service chairs the ISF Subgroup.

Focus AreasThe ISF Subgroup focus areas reflect the prioritized requirements of the militaryand civilian law enforcement communities. During FY 2004, these focus areaswere:

Crime Scene ResponseImprove the quality of evidence recognition, documentation, collection, andpreservation, as well as the protection of examiners from hazardous materialsexposure. Additionally, training of first responders and forensic examiners atterrorist incident scenes is addressed in this area. This focus area also includesscientific and technical efforts not otherwise assigned to other ISF focus areas.

Electronic EvidenceDevelop computer forensic hardware, software, decryption tools, and digitalmethods to investigate terrorism. New projects in this field are also developingadvanced methods to extract and enhance audio recordings and video imagesfrom surveillance sources. This area includes identifying computer systemsand media used by terrorists and extracting the maximum amount of evidencefrom them.

Explosive and Hazardous Materials ExaminationImprove methods for assessing the size, construction, and composition ofexplosive devices or other energetic hazardous materials. This area alsoemphasizes the identification and analysis of explosive residue and other traceevidence present at blast scenes, especially those requiring rapid protectionand processing, to preserve the evidentiary value.

Forensic BiochemistryDevelop analytical methods used on biological evidence found at terrorist scenesto make identifications and extract information such as origin or age. The use ofDNA to identify or profile persons receives special interest because of its highlydiscriminative and sensitive properties. This focus area also looks at locatingthe geographic origin of organic material based on their stable isotope ratios.

Friction Ridge AnalysisImprove latent print techniques used in terrorism cases. Emphasis is given toprocesses involving the automation of multiple techniques that are tedious,expensive, non-portable, or use hazardous chemicals. This encompasses effortsto create better visualization and development of latent prints using lasers ormore versatile and affordable reagents. Other areas of interest are the better

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comprehension of latent prints and their molecular content, as well as the scientificvalidation of fingerprint examinations.

Questioned Document ExaminationDevelop advanced document and handwriting analysis techniques, devisestandardized identification criteria, and establish a legal scientific basis for theseexaminations. Questioned document examinations include forgeries, tracings,disguised handwritings, and writing in different languages and character sets.Development of software for identifying counterfeit documents and matchingdocuments by handwriting analysis and pattern recognition algorithms also fallunder this focus area.

Surveillance TechnologyProduce new and advanced surveillance devices for law enforcement use. Thesetechnologies are categorized by the nature of the technology (e.g., infrared, X ray,visual, audio/speech), the type of data derived (e.g., visual, aural, digital), or theawareness of the target being surveilled. This focus area includes projects thatimprove polygraphy and develop new methods or equipment for the detection ofdeception. Development under this focus area is closely coordinated with theSCOS Subgroup.

Selected Completed ProjectsImproved Audio Tape EnhancementInvestigators commonly receive poor quality audiotapes requiring speakerseparation or elimination of random noise. This software tool uses the mostadvanced signal processing algorithms available to overcome these difficulties.These methods can also be used to enhance recordings from other types ofstorage media after converting them to commonly used .wav files. These processesare often used in conjunction with the Reliable Audio Voice Identification software,also developed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s LincolnLaboratory. Requests for additional information should be sent [email protected].

Improved Video Tape EnhancementVideotapes submitted for forensic examination are often the result of inferiorequipment or inadequate recording conditions. Poor video taping conditionsinclude low light level, out-of-focus lens, and motion blur. New videotapeenhancement algorithms and processes that produce final videotapes ofevidentiary quality compensate for these defects. This software is commerciallyavailable from Signalscape, Inc. at: www.signalscape.com/forensics.htm.

Reliable Audio Voice IdentificationTypical voice comparison systems require consistent or well-controlled collectionparameters that are unrealistic in the forensic environment. Real-world recordingsmay be over varied channels, in the presence of competing noise or speakers, oreven recorded while the speaker is under duress. The Massachusetts Institute ofTechnology’s Lincoln Laboratory developed an advanced voice identificationsystem and reference for use in forensic casework. The system compares a newor unknown voice sample to a collection of known voice samples. Differentvoices saved on various storage media and recorded under diverse conditionscan be compared, and unwanted noise can be eliminated. Phone-based speakerrecognition technology is also included in this system. Requests for additionalinformation should be sent to [email protected].

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Questioned Identification Document and Link DatabaseTerrorists and their supporters often use false or forged identity documents tocross international borders. The Questioned Identification Document and LinkDatabase is a centralized reference merging existing Federal and ICPO-Interpoldatabases of genuine and counterfeit identification documents (passports, driver’slicenses, credit cards). The system permits real-time comparison of suspectdocuments with images of genuine and other known counterfeit documents. Italso provides comprehensive information on specific features to determine theauthenticity of suspect documents, as well as link analysis data on similar cases.Access to the system is available through the U.S. Secret Service, who providedmost of the existing databases. Requests for additional information should besent to [email protected].

Link Analysis of Computers and Media with Reachback SignalsProcedures and equipment are needed to associate storage media with an individualdisk drive and an individual computer. This capability was accomplished usingmodulation signals within the computer. Additionally, the capability wasdeveloped to forensically link a target computer (e.g., a laptop, desktop, or networkserver) to an attempted or actual penetration of a U.S. Government computernetwork. These techniques established the capability to classify and identify theindividual characteristics of a computer or storage media to form a link betweenthe questioned and known equipment. Requests for additional information shouldbe sent to [email protected].

Selected Current ProjectsAge Determination of Biological EvidenceResearchers at West Virginia University are developing a forensic method todetermine the specimen age of recovered biological evidence. They will comparerates of RNA breakdown in a biological sample to estimate the time since itsdeposition. This project is also investigating how the decay rates are affected byenvironmental variables such as temperature, humidity, recovery surface, andinter- and intra-population variability.

Remote Polygraphy Using Laser Doppler VibrometryFormal polygraph examinations are impractical in many combating terrorismscenarios. Techniques are needed that will allow law enforcement officials toquickly and surreptitiously detect deception in many different environments,thus decreasing the ability of a suspect to employ countermeasures. RemotePolygraphy Using Laser Doppler Vibrometry (LDV) is an advanced physiologicalrecording system for use in the detection of deception and the assessment ofthreat and credibility. LDV is a non-contact method of deception analysis thatcan be used at stand-off distances of several meters. This technique will allowlaw enforcement officials to quickly and surreptitiously detect deception in manydifferent environments, particularly at ports of entry.

Wireless Phone and PDA ToolkitA field-deployable forensic examination tool is being developed to extract datafrom wireless telephones and personal digital assistants (PDAs). This toolkit willallow an investigator to access, read, and copy stored data from wireless telephonesand PDAs while protecting the integrity of the evidence. The application willidentify the stored information on these devices and then download it to anothercomputer without leaving any trace on the targeted device.

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Long-Range Non-Line-of-Sight Wireless Video Transmission SystemCovert video surveillance is difficult in dense urban environments. The Long-Range Non-Line-of-Sight Wireless Video Transmission System uses novel digitaltransmission techniques to overcome the shortcomings of current analogsystems. This digital transmission system performs well in dense urbanenvironments because it provides a video signal that overcomes highinterference and ghost imaging. The system is expected to have a range of fivemiles and will be interoperable with commonly used police surveillance camerasand recording equipment.


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Technical Support Working Group25PS

PS

MissionTo identify and execute research and development projects that satisfyinteragency requirements for physical security support to protect personnel,equipment, and facilities against terrorist attack.

The Physical Security (PS) Subgroup identifies the physical security requirementsof government agencies both within the United States and abroad and developstechnologies to protect personnel and property from terrorist attacks. TheSubgroup develops these technologies by creating prototype hardware, software,and systems for technical and operational evaluation by user agencies. ADepartment of Defense representative from the U.S. Naval Forces Europe chairsthe PS Subgroup.

Focus AreasThe PS Subgroup focus areas reflect the prioritized requirements of the physicalprotection community. During FY 2004, these focus areas were:

Blast MitigationDevelop blast mitigation technologies necessary to address blast debris hazardsand prevent structural collapse, the primary causes of injury and death. Thisfocus area seeks design and construction solutions for new buildings, as well asretrofit techniques for existing structures.

Entry Point ScreeningDevelop multiple technologies and techniques to detect explosives; weapons;chemical, nuclear, or radiological material; and other contraband on personnel orin vehicles, vessels, cargo, or mail entering protected facilities. Solutions areintended to increase detection rates, throughput, and safety while reducing thenumber of security forces required to perform the screening process.

Intrusion Detection, Assessment, and DelayDevelop improved intrusion detection systems, video alarm-assessment systems,specialized intrusion-delay barriers, and subsequent armed response capabilitiesfor protecting outer perimeters, building perimeters, and key assets from terroristattacks. This focus area emphasizes prototype security systems with increasedor improved capabilities and lower operation and maintenance costs.

Selected Completed ProjectsPolymer Retrofit Coating SystemThe U.S. Marine Corps desired greater protection for High-Mobility MultipurposeWheeled Vehicles (HMMWVs) in the U.S. Central Command (CENTCOM)equipped with standard armored doors made from 0.202" high hard steel (HHS).Although 3/8" rolled homogeneous armor (RHA) is more effective, it was notavailable at the time. TSWG sponsored the development of a two-part, spray-onretrofit coating to increase the level of protection offered by the 0.202" HHS toequal or exceed that of the 3/8" RHA. The resulting protection offered by theretrofitted 0.202" HHS equals, and in some ways exceeds, the performance of the3/8" RHA and provides a weight savings of approximately 1.6 lbs per squarefoot. At time of printing, approximately 96 doors had been retrofitted and are inuse in CENTCOM. Additional information on the Polymer Retrofit CoatingSystem can be obtained from Specialty Products, Inc. at:www.specialty-products.com.

Membership

Federal Reserve BoardIntelligence CommunityNational Aeronautics and Space

AdministrationNuclear Regulatory CommissionPort Authority of New York/

New JerseySupreme Court of the United StatesU.S. Department of Defense

CENTCOM, DTRA, EUCOM, JCS,JFCOM, NSA, OUSD/AT&L, USA,USAF, USMC, USN

U.S. Department of EnergyNNSA, OS

U.S. Department of HomelandSecurityBTS (CBP, FLETC, TSA-M&LS), S&T(HSARPA), USCG, USSS

U.S. Department of JusticeATF, FBOP, NIJ


U.S. Department of TransportationOIS


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Video Vehicle Surveillance ProgramOperators viewing television or computer monitors for long periods of timeoften become distracted. The development and application of logical, rules-based alerting and alarming technology embedded in existing surveillance andmonitoring equipment gives the operator a full-time capability to detect a potentialthreat and the capability to make an initial assessment of the situation. TheSubgroup examined emerging state-of-the-art video systems for detectingpotential vehicle bomb threats. Several manufacturers demonstrated theirproducts, and three systems were tested in a side-by-side comparison. Two ofthese systems were subsequently deployed to Federal agencies for incorporationinto existing security systems. Several commercial manufacturers now offervideo surveillance systems that can be tailored to the specific application desired.Requests for additional information should be sent to [email protected].

Railcar Inspection Guide and Personnel Screening GuidePhysical security and force protection personnel need consolidated guidanceon how to inspect personnel or railcars for weapons, explosives, WMDs, orother hazards or contraband. These pocket-size rail inspection and personnelscreening guides provide important screening information for U.S. securityforces. The Railcar Inspection Guide (RIG) aids in the detection of explosivedevices and other contraband by providing information on how to recognizepotential threats or suspicious behavior. The Personnel Screening Guide (PSG)provides a consolidated reference for interviewing and searching individualsundergoing the screening process, including questions, warning indicators,cultural anomalies, and potential hazards. The success of the Vehicle InspectionChecklist (VIC) and Small Watercraft Inspection Guide (SWIG) spurred thedevelopment of these two new guides. The Government Printing Office currentlydistributes the RIG and the PSG, along with the VIC and the SWIG. Additionalinformation about these publications can be found at the TSWG Web site:www.tswg.gov/pubs.

Vessel Identification and Positioning SystemThis project provided a prototype vessel identification and positioning system(VIPS) to a domestic port as well as a U.S. Naval Forces Europe (USNAVEUR)port and supported operational testing and evaluation of the systems. Eachsystem includes multiple harbor patrol unit transponders, multiple portabletransponders, patrol leader displays, a tactical operations display, and a commandcenter base station. This effort was included in the DHS Maritime DomainAwareness Assessment conducted in June 2004 and is planned for inclusion inUSNAVEUR’s Critical Asset Protection System beginning in FY 2006 for 22ports. Requests for additional information should be sent [email protected].

Selected Current ProjectsUnderwater LoudhailerSecurity systems can detect swimmers and divers approaching a restrictedarea, but current systems have neither the range nor the clarity to warn or deterthem. The Underwater Loudhailer will broadcast clear, intelligible speech to adistance of 500 yards. Its applications include deployment with harbor protectionand coastal diver/swimmer detection systems, including those that are currentlyfielded and under development. The Loudhailer’s acoustic array will compensate

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for bottom and surface reflected sound waves and will broadcast in a variety oflanguages to alert and deter divers and swimmers approaching a restricted area.Its design also permits effective communication in deep seas, such as aroundoil platforms, off-shore marine terminals, and ships at anchor. The Loudhailerwill be tested in FY 2005 and fielded in FY 2006.

Self-Sustaining Intrusion Detection SystemSecurity managers seek guidance on the selection of hardware and can rarelyafford to test the system in its intended environment. The Self-SustainingIntrusion Detection Testing System is modeled on the current Underwriter’sLaboratories safety test program for certifying electrical devices. Using standardprotocols determined through testing, the Security Industry Association willoversee an unbiased test program to verify and certify the performance ofsecurity devices. Security managers at all levels in government and industrywill be able to quickly ascertain the viability of tested equipment to perform inits intended environment, removing much of the ambiguity in selecting hardware.The initial protocols will be implemented in FY 2005 and FY 2006. Thereafter theprogram will be self-sustaining.

Railcar Passenger and Baggage ScreeningAt present, passenger and light rail systems do not employ screening procedurescomparable to those used for air travel. This project will develop and integratetechnologies and techniques to detect explosives and other threats. Uponcompletion, a prototype railroad passenger car equipped with passenger andbaggage screening technologies to include bulk and trace explosives detection,metal detection, and a handheld wand for metal, plastic, and explosives detectionwill be delivered. The screening car will give railroad security personnel theability to screen all passengers quickly during the boarding process. DHSplans to test a prototype of the system in FY 2005.

Drive-By Backscatter VanSecurity forces and entry point screening personnel need the means tosurreptitiously and remotely scan vehicles for explosives and other contraband.The Subgroup developed a utility van equipped with a backscatter X-ray imagingsystem to unobtrusively screen vehicles or objects of concern for explosives orother contraband. An initial prototype van underwent testing in Spring 2004.Current enhancements to the van include development of a fixed portal capabilitywith image spatial correction and a remote operation capability. The van willalso undergo upgrades to ruggedize it for environmental conditions in the field.The Backscatter Van prototype was recently evaluated and will be deployed toUSNAVEUR in Fall 2004 for extended field testing.

Blast Mitigation DatabaseAlthough many blast tests have been performed in the past decade, the datafrom these tests are not easily accessible to engineers and planners. Aggregationof these data into a single source will help identify gaps in information andincrease technical specialists’ ability to extrapolate blast mitigation test data tosimilar situations. The database will encompass all blast mitigation final testreports authorized for release. It includes cataloging, organizing, and convertingblast effect text reports and data to a common electronic format. The indexed,fully searchable database will also have an editable architecture to add newdata when it becomes available, as well as an appendix containing algorithms,

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formulae, and models. Planned upgrades include additional test result data andWeb-based server access.


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Technical Support Working Group29SCOS

MissionIdentify, prioritize, and execute research and development projects thatsatisfy interagency requirements supporting intelligence gathering andspecial operations directed against terrorist activities.

The Surveillance, Collection, and Operations Support (SCOS) Subgroupidentifies high-priority user requirements and special technology initiativesfocused primarily on countering terrorism and offensive operations. The researchand development projects supported by this subgroup include reducing thecapabilities and support available to terrorists and enhancing U.S. capabilitiesto conduct retaliatory or preemptive operations. A representative from theIntelligence Community chairs the SCOS Subgroup.

Focus AreasThe SCOS Subgroup focus areas reflect the prioritized requirements of theIntelligence Community. During FY 2004, these focus areas were:

Traditional SurveillanceImprove capabilities for the collection and enhancement of video, imagery, andaudio surveillance. Success in countering terrorism often depends on the qualityof intelligence collection.

Analytic SurveillanceImprove terrorist detection by developing automated tools for terroristidentification using biometrics, pattern recognition, voice and speakerrecognition, and database technologies.

Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance,and Reconnaissance (C4ISR)Develop the means to locate, identify, and track terrorists and terrorist activities.C4ISR programs focus on developing and improving these critical abilitiesthrough programs and initiatives such as tagging, tracking, and locating (TTL);special sensors; and covert communications.

Information OperationsExploit digital information age technology by developing and improving toolsto degrade, disrupt, deny, or destroy adversary information and informationsystems.

Program HighlightsSCOS programs are classified or highly sensitive. Program requirements, thesuccess of programs, and specific program capabilities cannot be discussed inan open document.


Membership

Intelligence CommunityU.S. Department of Defense

DIA (HUMINT, MASINT), NRO, NSA,SOCOM

U.S. Department of HomelandSecurityUSSS

U.S. Department of JusticeFBI

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Technical Support Working GroupTOS

TOS

MissionIdentify, prioritize, and execute research and development projects that satisfyDoD and interagency user requirements to develop equipment and systems tosupport specialized force offensive operations directed against terrorist activitiesand groups. The use of non-sensitive prototype hardware for State and locallaw enforcement agencies is considered for transition and commercialization.

The Tactical Operations Support (TOS) Subgroup supports counterterrorist tacticaloperations, particularly those performed by specialized tactical forces trained forassault operations. The Subgroup supports technology development activitiesthat provide a foundation for subsequent advances and the development ofprototype special equipment designed to facilitate more effective execution of varioustactical missions. A representative from the Department of Defense chairs the TOSSubgroup.

Focus AreasThe TOS Subgroup focus areas reflect the prioritized requirements of offensivecounterterrorism forces. During FY 2004, these focus areas were:

Advanced Imaging SystemsDevelop systems that improve reduced-visibility imaging in all operatingenvironments. The objective is to obtain the best images in reduced lightingconditions and provide systems that will enable tactical forces to operate moreeffectively.

Specialized Access SystemsDevelop technologies that will assist tactical assault forces in accessing objectives,evaluating tactical options, and supporting efficiencies in operations, while providingadded safety for personnel.

Chemical and Radiation DetectorsDevelop chemical and radiological instruments that are specifically designed tosupport the tactical user in the field. These systems must be smaller, lighter, morerobust, and more covert than conventional technologies. Development under thisfocus area is closely coordinated with the CBRNC subgroup.

Offensive SystemsDevelop equipment and systems that will enhance the effectiveness of smalloffensive tactical teams in specialized operations.

Tactical Communications SystemsDevelop flexible and enhanced communications capabilities to tactical forces. Themajor focus is on reducing the size of equipment and improving operator mobilityand efficiencies.

Program HighlightsTOS programs are classified or highly sensitive. Program requirements, the successof programs, and specific program capabilities cannot be discussed in an opendocument.


Membership

U.S. Department of DefenseSOCOM


U.S. Department of HomelandSecurityUSSS

U.S. Department of JusticeFBI (HRT)


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Technical Support Working GroupTTD

TTD

MissionIdentify, prioritize, and execute projects that satisfy interagency requirementsfor the development and delivery of combating terrorism related education,training, and mission performance support products and technologies.

The Training Technology Development (TTD) Subgroup delivers training andtraining technologies to increase mission readiness and enhance operationalcapabilities in the combating terrorism community. The strategy behind themission is to integrate and leverage Advanced Distributed Learning (ADL)technologies to deliver high-quality education and training in the medium bestsuited to users’ needs and requirements. Representatives from the Departmentof Homeland Security and the Department of Defense co-chair the TTDSubgroup.

Focus AreasThe TTD Subgroup focus areas reflect the prioritized requirements of the militaryand civilian combating terrorism communities. During FY 2004, these focusareas were:

Advanced Distributed LearningDevelop computer-based combating terrorism training courses and the advancedtools, techniques, and guidelines required to produce them. Focus is placed onintegrating computer-based delivery technologies with terrorism trainingmaterials to increase the quality, effectiveness, and accessibility of training.

Delivery ArchitecturesDevelop new and enhance existing content and knowledge managementtechnologies used to deliver education and training. Products target thecapability to distribute on-demand, customized training to combating terrorismpersonnel.

Training Aids, Devices, and SimulationsDevelop training support products and virtual training environments to supportmission readiness and performance. Tasks include developing training supportpackages for TSWG products, incorporating exercise simulations into ADLtechnologies, and providing simulants for training aids.

Selected Completed ProjectsPreparation for the Suicide/Homicide Bomber Training Support PackageDeveloped in collaboration with the Federal Protective Service (FPS), thePreparation for the Suicide/Homicide Bomber training course guides participantsthrough an examination of suicide bombings from a combating terrorismcommunity perspective. The two-day course leads the student through threelevels of training: Awareness Level, Operations Level, and Command Level. Afew examples of topics addressed are: The Makings of a Suicide/HomicideBombing, Proactive Countermeasures, Handling the Pre-detonation Scene, andan Overview of the National Incident Management System. The TrainingSupport Package includes an instructor manual, student manual, video supportsegments, and a train-the-trainer video. Requests for additional informationshould be sent to [email protected].

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Environmental Protection AgencyInterAgency BoardU.S. Department of Agriculture

APHISU.S. Department of Defense

JFCOM, NGB, OUSD/PR, SOCOM,USA (MANSCEN, USAR), USAF,USMC, USN

U.S. Department of Health andHuman ServicesFDA

U.S. Department of HomelandSecurityBTS (FLETC, ODP, TSA), EPR(FEMA-USFA), IAIP, S&T (HSARPA),USCG, USSS

U.S. Department of JusticeNIJ, USMS

U.S. Department of TransportationFRA, FTA, NHTSA



34 TTD

Small Watercraft Inspection Guide Training Support PackageSecurity forces and other Federal agencies will benefit from a systematicapproach for screening vessels for improvised explosives and other contraband.The Physical Security Subgroup at TSWG developed a pocket-sized referenceguide that provides information on searching compartments of a vessel forWMDs and explosives. Due to overwhelming interest in the Small WatercraftInspection Guide (SWIG), a complete training support package was developedfor use by government emergency response teams and law enforcement officers.The SWIG Training Support Package is procurement-ready for DoD and othergovernment agencies. Product and procurement information can be obtainedfrom: www.tswg.gov/tswg/prods_pubs/SWIG_TSP.htm.

Psychological Aspects of WMDs/TerrorismOne of the greatest challenges facing senior leadership, response personnel,and health professionals is coping with the disorientation, fear, anger, grief, andterror caused by WMD incidents. This project provides a training programfocused on recognizing, minimizing, and managing the severe psychologicalstress associated with WMD and terrorism incidents. The six-module trainingprogram focuses on critical issues surrounding the psychological impacts andeffects of terrorism and decontamination, panic response operations, riskcommunication and management, and mental health interventions. The coursesare currently available through the developer, Saint Joseph’s University’s EarlyResponders Distance Learning Center, in Web-based, CD-ROM, and classroomdelivery formats. Course information is available at: http://erdlc.sju.edu/education-course.php?group_id=7.

CJTF-7 OIF Smart BookMilitary personnel need immediate access to mission planning and executiondata. The CJTF-7 OIF (Combined Joint Task Force, Operation Iraqi Freedom)Smart Book provides tactics, techniques, procedures, and best practices on thefollowing topics: Convoy Operations (combat and non-combat), Vehicle SearchTechniques, Improvised Explosive Device (IED) threats, Vehicle Bomb IEDthreats, and IED procedures. The smart book reflects CJTF-7 Standard OperatingProcedure and has been delivered to OIF. Requests for additional informationshould be sent to [email protected].

Selected Current ProjectsScenario-Based Interactive Exercise SimulationWithin the combating terrorism community, there is a need to provide technologysolutions to maximize training to a large, geographically dispersed communitywhile reducing travel and training costs. This project will design and developscenario-based, interactive exercise simulation to complement existing tabletop, command post, and full-scale CBRNE incident response training and exerciseprograms. This technology will provide a multi-player, on-line gamingtechnology that incorporates virtual reality technologies and interactivesimulation with the visual appeal of gaming environments. The scenarios willbe role-based and will focus on familiarizing role players with agency roles,assets, and response protocols.

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Rapid Education for Medical ProfessionalsMedical professionals require timely delivery of alerts and relevant educationto effectively respond to a terrorist event. The Alert and Education Tool forMedical Professionals will provide the most current treatments and proceduresfor chemical, biological, and radiological threat agents. The automated, Internet-based tool will disseminate educational resources to Federal, State, and localhealth agencies.

Personnel Screening Guide Training Support PackageSince 9/11, security has been heightened at many major gatherings, targets ofhigh symbolic value, and at overseas facilities and installations. The securitycheckpoint has been the primary screening method used at these sites by militaryand civilian security personnel. The one-day Personnel Screening Guide (PSG)Training Support Package (TSP) provides training on identifying suspiciousindividuals, completing a proper interview, and conducting searches on bothindividuals and personal belongings. Under simultaneous development, theRailcar Inspection Guide (RIG) TSP will guide participants in conducting securityoperations at rail facilities and implementing specific methodologies for searchingrailcars and their occupants. The PSG and RIG were developed by the PhysicalSecurity Subgroup at TSWG.

Food Protection and Security Training for Critical and Overseas FacilitiesFood is a widespread medium for delivering potential terrorist threats. Thistraining package teaches food management and terrorism response personnelto recognize, minimize, and manage the threat of terrorist activities across thesupply chain from farm to table. Phase I of the project is complete and containsfive modules: Introduction to Food Security and Terrorism, Food Security RiskAssessment, Food Security Risk Communication, Food Security RiskManagement, and Food Supply Chain Traceability. Phase II of the project isunderway and will include three modules: Introduction to Food Security Law,Securing our Global Food Supply, and Leadership in Times of Crisis.

Management of Agricultural TerrorismA deliberately induced large-scale animal disease outbreak such as foot andmouth disease would challenge the response resources of the United States. Itis crucial that an immediate and appropriate response be initiated at the time ofdetection to minimize its impact. This six module training program addresses:Introduction to Animal Health Emergency Management; Principles of theIncident Command System; Introduction to Agriculture and its Industries; AnimalPathogens – Pathways of Introduction, Disease Recognition, Reporting andAwareness; Disease Response Mechanisms and Bio-security; and Recovery –Animal Support Response. Anchoring themes in each module will becommunication, coordination, and functional roles at the Federal, State andlocal levels.


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VIP

VIP

MissionTo identify, prioritize, and execute research and development projects thatsatisfy interagency requirements for equipment and systems that alert andprevent attacks on VIP protectees. This includes hardware and tools thatprovide security to both the VIPs and their protectors. Inherent in thisdevelopment is additional emphasis on life safety and emergency responseequipment.

The VIP Protection (VIP) Subgroup focuses on the development of prototypehardware, systems, personnel protection equipment, and diagnostic andreference tools and standards that will support greater security for VIPs. To beeffective, personnel who are charged with the safety of these VIPs must alsohave protective equipment that will prevent injury and tools that will improvetheir effectiveness. These developments benefit the operational effectivenessof Federal, State, military, and local law enforcement personnel who are chargedwith the protection of VIPs. These technologies and tools also have applicationto protection of law enforcement and military personnel who engage inhazardous combat-like environments. The VIP Protection Subgroup is chairedby a representative from the U.S. Secret Service.

Focus AreasThe VIP Subgroup focus areas reflect the prioritized requirements of thepersonnel protection community. During FY 2004, these focus areas were:

Vehicle Protection and PerformanceImprove the safety and effectiveness of armored vehicles to protect passengers.This includes the development of upgrades to vehicle systems that will enhancethe performance and reliability of the vehicles in a broad range of operationalenvironments. It also supports the validation of the existing designs againstspecific threats.

Transparent Armor DevelopmentDevelop and validate tools that will predict performance and support advanceddesign of transparent armor. This includes evaluations and designs that willprotect against a broad range of threat projectiles. Because of the significantweight penalty of transparent armor, this area also focuses on the developmentof advanced lightweight transparent armor that will provide substantial reductionof the weight and thickness necessary to obtain the required protection.

Individual Protection SystemsDevelop and improve personal body armor and methods for the protection ofpersonnel assigned to VIP details. Many of the developments will also supportthe protection of law enforcement officers. This focus area emphasizes improvingthe performance of body armor, understanding its limitations (e.g., ballistic andthermal), and providing associated systems that will improve the comfort andeffectiveness for the wearer. It also includes technologies that identify situationswhere protection personnel and the VIPs under their protection are in need ofsupport or assistance.

Emerging ThreatsDevelop methods and systems that will identify, prevent, or defeat potentialattacks from remote areas. This includes technologies that will identify potential

Membership

U.S. Capitol PoliceU.S. Department of Commerce

NIST (OLES)U.S. Department of Defense

USA (Natick RD&E Center, TACOM),USN (SWC)


U.S. Department of HomelandSecurityUSSS (SSD, TSD)

U.S. Department of JusticeNIJ


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sniper or remote attacks and will alert users. The technologies will providelocating information and develop appropriate countermeasures.

VIP Installation ProtectionDevelop threat identification and warning technologies for potential threatsdirected against critical installations occupied by senior government officials.Included are appropriate countermeasures that will enhance the safety of theinstallations during terrorist actions.

Selected Completed ProjectsLightweight Vehicle ArmorThe lightweight vehicle armor program focused on providing suitable protectionto counter the highly effective armor-piercing projectiles. The project developedan effective armor that could be installed in typical armored passenger vehicles.The armor has demonstrated effectiveness against both 7.62 and 5.56 rounds.This armor configuration will be considered for application to selected armoredlimousines.

Multi-Hit ALON TestingResearchers proved that aluminum-oxynitride (ALON), a transparent armorceramic, can provide ballistic protection equivalent to standard glass armorwith reduced weight and thickness in a laboratory setting. Specifically, ALONcan provide superb multi-hit protection at approximately half the weight ofconventional transparent armor. This testing will support a follow-on taskdemonstrating the practicality of installing full-size ALON windows into acommercial vehicle.

Selected Current ProjectsTransparent Armor DevelopmentsThe VIP Subgroup is investigating the next generation of transparent armorthrough the development of a design model for predicting the performance ofthese types of armor. This model is currently being validated against the resultsof actual ballistics testing. Results from the validation testing will beincorporated into the model. Once completed, the design model will offer amore cost-effective approach to designing transparent armor.

An important goal of transparent armor development is reducing the overallweight and thickness of the armor without reducing its protective properties.Two armors under development that will accomplish this goal are ALON andSpinel. ALON has already been proven to offer a high level of multi-hit protection.In order to demonstrate that ALON is operationally feasible and cost-effective,the Surmet Corporation is fabricating a window set for a Ford F-250 pickuptruck. This project will allow users to evaluate the durability of ALON over time.

Spinel transparent armor is being developed as an alternative to ALON. Whilestill in the early stages of development, an on-going project is demonstratingthe ability to manufacture the armor in large pieces. Manufacturing transparentarmor in large pieces is critical to making the product cost-effective. Producinglarge pieces will also allow users to conduct comparison testing between thetwo armors in terms of cost, performance, and durability.

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VIP

Multi-Hit Test StandardThe Multi-Hit Test Standard provides a consistent procedure for subjectingbody armor to the dynamic effects of being hit with multiple shots in a shorttime frame. The project developed a computer-controlled test system that allowsfor repeatable shot spacing and timing. This project will further evaluate moreadvanced methods to measure the backface deformation, a metric used to assessbody armor effectiveness.

Armored Passenger Vehicle StandardsCurrently, no comprehensive standard exists that prescribes the performancecriteria for armored passenger vehicles (APVs). The absence of reliable standardsmakes evaluating APVs difficult for procurement personnel. The Subgroup isdeveloping performance standards in five key component areas: ballisticprotection, blast protection, optical performance of transparent armor, overallautomotive performance, and quality control. As performance criteria in eachfield are established, the information will be compiled into one comprehensivestandard. This standard will allow users in the VIP protection field to betterunderstand the capabilities of currently available APVs.

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APPENDICES



BAA Information Delivery System (BIDS)TSWG seeks technology solutions that address operational and technological shortfallsidentified by Government agency users at least once annually. User requirements aredisclosed in a solicitation format called a Broad Agency Announcement (BAA). TheBAA enables the Government to solicit industry, academia, and Government laboratoriesfor innovative research and development solutions to these requirements. The BAA isadvertised in the Federal Business Opportunities at: www.fedbizopps.gov. TheFedBizOpps site directs interested bidders to the appropriate Web address whereadditional information for submitting a proposal is posted. Each open BAA is alsoposted on the TSWG Web site at: www.bids.tswg.gov. At this site, the BAA InformationDelivery System (BIDS) provides an electronic submission and record evaluationcapability for receiving and evaluating responses to a BAA. BIDS is a secure 128-bitencryption connection that provides proposal response uploads for prospective biddersand ensures control of bidder proprietary data.

In addition, TSWG has released BAAs for the Department of Homeland Security. Byharnessing the technical capabilities of BIDS to support Government initiatives, TSWGincreases the return on investment in combating terrorism technologies made by multipleFederal agencies. The BIDS system has proved capable of handling larges volumes ofproposals. In 2001 alone the system processed nearly 17,000 submissions. BIDScontinues to serve as a model for other Federal programs that seek to solicit technicalproposals while eliminating the inconvenience of paper forms, the unnecessary wastein processing time, and excessive proposal mailing expenses.

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TSWG MembershipExecutive BranchU.S. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

· Armed Forces Institute of Pathology· Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency· Defense Computer Forensics Laboratory· Defense Intelligence Agency

– Central MASINT Organization– Defense HUMINT Service

· Defense Protective Service· Defense Threat Reduction Agency· Joint Chiefs of Staff· National Guard Bureau· National Reconnaissance Office· National Security Agency· Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations and Low-Intensity Conflict· Office of the Deputy Assistant to the Secretary of Defense for Chemical and Biological Defense· Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics· Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness· Pentagon Force Protection Agency· Polygraph Institute· U.S. Air Force

– Air Combat Command– Air Force Research Lab– Electronic Systems Center– Force Protection Battle Lab– Office of Special Investigations– Surgeon General

· U.S. Army– 52nd Ordnance Group– Chemical School– Corps of Engineers– Criminal Investigation Command– Forces Command– Maneuver Support Center– Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases– Natick Research, Development, and Engineering Center– National Ground Intelligence Center– Soldier and Biological Chemical Command

– Edgewood Chemical Biological Center– Tank-Automotive and Armaments Command– Technical Escort Unit– U.S. Army Reserve

· U.S. Central Command· U.S. European Command· U.S. Joint Forces Command· U.S. Marine Corps

– Chemical Biological Incident Response Force– Critical Infrastructure Protection

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· U.S. Navy– Joint Program Office, Special Technology Countermeasures– Naval Air Warfare Center– Naval Criminal Investigative Service– Naval Explosive Ordnance Disposal Technology Division– Naval Forces Central Command– Naval Research Laboratory– Naval Surface Warfare Center

· U.S. Special Operations CommandENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

· Criminal Investigation Division· National Enforcement Investigations Center· National Homeland Security Research Center· Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water

FEDERAL RESERVE BOARD

GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION

· Mail PolicyINTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY

INTERAGENCY BOARD

NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION

NATIONAL TRANSPORTATION SAFETY BOARD

NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

· Agricultural Research Service· Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service· Food Safety and Inspection Service· Forest Service

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

· National Institute of Standards and Technology– Office of Law Enforcement Standards

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY

· National Nuclear Security Administration· Office of Energy Assurance· Office of Security

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES

· Centers for Disease Control and Prevention· Food and Drug Administration· National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY

· Border and Transportation Security Directorate– Bureau of Customs and Border Protection– Federal Law Enforcement Training Center– Immigration and Customs Enforcement

– Federal Air Marshal Service– Federal Protective Service– Forensic Document Laboratory

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– Office for Domestic Preparedness– Transportation Security Administration

· Emergency Preparedness and Response Directorate– Federal Emergency Management Agency

– U.S. Fire Administration· Information Analysis and Infrastructure Protection Directorate

– National Infrastructure Protection Center· Science and Technology Directorate

– Homeland Security Advanced Research Projects Agency· U.S. Coast Guard· U.S. Secret Service

– Special Services Division– Technical Security Division

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE

· Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives· Drug Enforcement Administration· Federal Bureau of Investigation

– Bomb Data Center– Hazardous Materials Response Unit– Hostage Rescue Team– Weapons of Mass Destruction Operations Unit

· Federal Bureau of Prisons· National Institute of Justice

– National Center for Forensic Science– National Forensic Science Technology Center

· Office of Justice Programs· U.S. Marshals Service

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE

· Bureau of Diplomatic Security· Office of the Coordinator for Counterterrorism· Overseas Building Operations

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

· Federal Aviation Administration· Federal Railroad Administration· Federal Transit Administration· Intelligence and Security· National Highway Traffic Safety Administration· Office of Information Services· Volpe National Transportation Systems Center

U.S. POSTAL SERVICE

· U.S. Postal Inspection Service

Judicial BranchSUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES

Legislative BranchU.S. CAPITOL POLICE

U.S. SENATE

· Sergeant at Arms

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State and Local AgenciesFAIRFAX COUNTY (VA) POLICE DEPARTMENT

FIRE DEPARTMENT, CITY OF NEW YORK

NATIONAL BOMB SQUAD COMMANDERS ADVISORY BOARD

· Bloomington, Minnesota Police Department (Northern region)· Houston, Texas Police Department (Southern region)· Los Angeles, California Police Department (Western region)· Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Police Department (Eastern region)

PORT AUTHORITY OF NEW YORK/NEW JERSEY

WASHINGTON METROPOLITAN AREA TRANSIT AUTHORITY

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TSWG Subgroup Membership

Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear CountermeasuresENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

FIRE DEPARTMENT, CITY OF NEW YORK

GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION

· Mail PolicyINTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY

INTERAGENCY BOARD


U.S. CAPITOL POLICE


· Agricultural Research Service· Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service· Food Safety and Inspection Service


· National Institute of Standards and TechnologyU.S. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

· Defense Intelligence Agency· Defense Protective Service· Defense Threat Reduction Agency· Joint Chiefs of Staff· National Security Agency· Office of the Deputy Assistant to the Secretary of Defense for Chemical and Biological Defense· Pentagon Force Protection Agency· U.S. Air Force

– Air Combat Command– Electronic Systems Center– Force Protection Battle Lab– Surgeon General

· U.S. Army– 52nd Ordnance Group– Chemical School– Forces Command– Maneuver Support Center– Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases– National Ground Intelligence Center– Soldier and Biological Chemical Command

– Edgewood Chemical Biological Center– Technical Escort Unit

· U.S. Marine Corps– Chemical Biological Incident Response Force

· U.S. Navy– Naval Air Warfare Center– Naval Forces Central Command– Naval Surface Warfare Center

· U.S. Special Operations Command

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· Office of SecurityU.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES

· Centers for Disease Control and Prevention· Food and Drug Administration· National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health


· Border and Transportation Security Directorate– Transportation Security Administration


· Science and Technology Directorate– Homeland Security Advanced Research Projects Agency

· U.S. Coast Guard· U.S. Secret Service

– Technical Security DivisionU.S. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE

· Federal Bureau of Investigation– Bomb Data Center– Hazardous Materials Response Unit– Weapons of Mass Destruction Operations Unit

· National Institute of Justice· Office of Justice Programs· U.S. Marshals Service


· Bureau of Diplomatic Security· Office of the Coordinator for Counterterrorism· Overseas Building Operations


· Intelligence and SecurityU.S. POSTAL SERVICE

· U.S. Postal Inspection ServiceU.S. SENATE

· Sergeant at ArmsWASHINGTON METROPOLITAN AREA TRANSIT AUTHORITY

Explosives DetectionU.S. CAPITOL POLICE

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

· Defense Intelligence Agency· National Security Agency· U.S. Air Force

– Air Combat Command– Air Force Research Lab– Electronic Systems Center

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· U.S. Army– Technical Escort Unit

· U.S. Navy– Naval Criminal Investigative Service– Naval Explosive Ordnance Disposal Technology Division– Naval Research Laboratory


– Office of SecurityU.S. DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY

· Border and Transportation Security Directorate– Bureau of Customs and Border Protection– Immigration and Customs Enforcement

– Federal Air Marshal Service– Federal Protective Service

· Emergency Preparedness and Response Directorate– Transportation Security Administration


· U.S. Coast Guard· U.S. Secret Service


· Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives· National Institute of Justice


· Bureau of Diplomatic SecurityU.S. POSTAL SERVICE


Improvised Device DefeatFAIRFAX COUNTY (VA) POLICE DEPARTMENT

INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY

NATIONAL BOMB SQUAD COMMANDERS ADVISORY BOARD

Bloomington, Minnesota Police Department (Northern region)Houston, Texas Police Department (Southern region)Los Angeles, California Police Department (Western region)Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Police Department (Eastern region)

U.S. CAPITOL POLICE


· U.S. Air Force· U.S. Army· U.S. Marine Corps· U.S. Navy


· Border and Transportation Security Directorate– Office for Domestic Preparedness– Transportation Security Administration

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· Information Analysis and Infrastructure Protection Directorate· U.S. Secret Service

U.S. Department of Justice· Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives· Federal Bureau of Investigation· National Institute of Justice· U.S. Marshals Service

Infrastructure ProtectionENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY



· Forest ServiceU.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

· National Institute of Standards and TechnologyU.S. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

· Defense Threat Reduction Agency· U.S. Air Force

– Office of Special Investigations· U.S. Army

– Corps of Engineers· U.S. Marine Corps

– Critical Infrastructure Protection · U.S. Navy

– Joint Program Office, Special Technology Countermeasures– Naval Criminal Investigative Service– Naval Surface Warfare Center


· Office of Energy Assurance· Office of Security



· Border and Transportation Security Directorate– Immigration and Customs Enforcement

– Federal Protective Service– Office for Domestic Preparedness– Transportation Security Administration

· Information Analysis and Infrastructure Protection Directorate– National Infrastructure Protection Center


· U.S. Secret ServiceU.S. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE

· Federal Bureau of Investigation

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· Federal Aviation Administration· Volpe National Transportation Systems Center

Investigative Support and ForensicsENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

· Criminal Investigation Division· National Enforcement Investigations Center

FEDERAL RESERVE BOARD


NATIONAL TRANSPORTATION SAFETY BOARD




· Armed Forces Institute of Pathology· Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency· Defense Computer Forensics Laboratory· Defense Threat Reduction Agency· National Security Agency· Polygraph Institute· U.S. Air Force

– Office of Special Investigations· U.S. Army

– Criminal Investigation Command · U.S. Marine Corps

– Chemical Biological Incident Response Force· U.S. Navy

– Naval Criminal Investigative ServiceU.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY

· Office of SecurityU.S. DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY

· Border and Transportation Security Directorate– Bureau of Customs and Border Protection– Immigration and Customs Enforcement

– Federal Protective Service– Forensic Document Laboratory

– Transportation Security Administration· Emergency Preparedness and Response Directorate

– Federal Emergency Management Agency· U.S. Secret Service


· Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives· Drug Enforcement Administration· Federal Bureau of Investigation· National Institute of Justice

– National Center for Forensic Science

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– National Forensic Science Technology Center· U.S. Marshals Service


· Federal Aviation AdministrationU.S. POSTAL SERVICE


Physical SecurityFEDERAL RESERVE BOARD


NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION


PORT AUTHORITY OF NEW YORK/NEW JERSEY

SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES


· Defense Threat Reduction Agency· Joint Chiefs of Staff· National Security Agency· Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics· U.S. Air Force· U.S. Army· U.S. Central Command· U.S. European Command· U.S. Joint Forces Command· U.S. Marine Corps· U.S. Navy


· National Nuclear Security Administration· Office of Security


· Border and Transportation Security Directorate– Bureau of Customs and Border Protection– Federal Law Enforcement Training Center– Transportation Security Administration

– Office of Maritime & Land Security· U.S. Coast Guard· U.S. Secret Service


· Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives· Federal Bureau of Prisons· National Institute of Justice


· Bureau of Diplomatic SecurityU.S. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

· Office of Information Services

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U.S. POSTAL SERVICE


Surveillance, Collection, and Operations SupportINTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY


· Defense Intelligence Agency– Central MASINT Organization– Defense HUMINT Service

· National Reconnaissance Office· National Security Agency· U.S. Special Operations Command



· Federal Bureau of Investigation

Tactical Operations SupportU.S. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

· U.S. Special Operations CommandU.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY



· Federal Bureau of Investigation– Hostage Rescue Team


· Bureau of Diplomatic Security

Training Technology DevelopmentENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

INTERAGENCY BOARD


· Animal and Plant Health Inspection ServiceU.S. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

· National Guard Bureau· Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness· U.S. Air Force· U.S. Army

– Maneuver Support Center– U.S. Army Reserve

· U.S. Joint Forces Command

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· U.S. Marine Corps· U.S. Navy

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES

· Food and Drug AdministrationU.S. DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY

· Border and Transportation Security Directorate– Federal Law Enforcement Training Center– Office for Domestic Preparedness– Transportation Security Administration

· Emergency Preparedness & Response Directorate– Federal Emergency Management Agency

– U.S. Fire Administration· Information Analysis and Infrastructure Protection Directorate· Science and Technology Directorate· U.S. Coast Guard· U.S. Secret Service


· National Institute of Justice· U.S. Marshals Service


· Federal Railroad Administration· Federal Transit Administration· National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

VIP ProtectionU.S. CAPITOL POLICE




· U.S. Army– Natick Research, Development, and Engineering Center– Tank-Automotive and Armaments Command



· U.S. Secret Service– Special Services Division– Technical Security Division


· Bureau of Diplomatic Security

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TSWG Performers

ALABAMA

Auburn University, AuburnPhoton-X, HuntsvilleUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham

ARIZONA

Authenti-Corp, GilbertLitton Systems, Inc., EOS Division, TempePacific Scientific, Chandler

ARKANSAS

The Tekne Group, Inc., Hot SpringsUniversity of Arkansas at Fayetteville

CALIFORNIA

3rd Ring, Mammoth LakesAdvanced Countermeasures Systems, Rancho CordovaAncore, Santa ClaraComGlobal Systems, Inc., San DiegoDelphi, San DiegoDynamics Technology, Inc., TorranceIntelligent Optical Systems, Inc., TorranceJet Propulsion Laboratory, PasadenaLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley

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Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, LivermoreNaval Air Warfare Station, Point MuguQuantum Magnetics, Inc., San DiegoRapiscan Security Products, HawthorneRaymat Materials, FremontRaytheon Company, Electronic Systems, Buena ParkRaytheon Company NCS, El SegundoSafe Environment Engineering, ValenciaSan Jose State University, San JoseScience Applications International Corporation, San DiegoSmiths Detection, PasadenaSpace and Naval Warfare Systems Command, San DiegoSpecial Technologies Laboratory, Santa BarbaraSRI International, Menlo ParkTactical Survey Group, Inc., CrestlineUniversity of California at DavisUniversity of California at San DiegoWaveBand Corporation, IrvineWFI Government Services, San DiegoX-Ray Instrumentation Associates, Newark

COLORADO

Applied Research Associates, Inc., LittletonColorado State University, Fort CollinsThermo MF Physics, Colorado Springs

CONNECTICUT

Applied Physical Sciences Corporation, New LondonInterspiro, Inc., BranfordNextgen Fiber Optics, LLC, DayvillePulmatrix, Inc., RidgefieldUnited Technologies Research Center, Hartford

DELAWARE

DuPont, Wilmington

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

International Association of FirefightersPsynapseU.S. Naval Research Laboratory

FLORIDA

46 Test Squadron, Eglin Air Force BaseApplied Research Associates, Tyndall Air Force BaseEngineering Technology, Inc., OrlandoGemini Industries, TampaHarris Government Communications Systems Division, MelbourneKnights Armaments Company, Vero BeachMedia Management Group, Inc., ClearwaterNational Center for Forensic Science, Orlando

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Purified MicroEnvironments, Ormond BeachSt. Petersburg College, National Terrorism Preparedness Institute, St. PetersburgTampa Armature Works, Inc., JacksonvilleU.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Tyndall Air Force Base

GEORGIA

Emory University, AtlantaGeorgia Tech Research Institute, Atlanta

IDAHO

Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho Falls

ILLINOIS

Argonne National Laboratory, ArgonneGas Technology Institute, Des PlainesNanosphere, Inc., Northbrook

INDIANA

U.S. Naval Surface Warfare Center, Crane Division

KANSAS

Kansas State University, Manhattan

LOUISIANA

Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge

MAINE

Sensor Research and Development Corporation, Orono

MARYLAND

20/20 Gene Systems, RockvilleAdvanced Engineering & Sciences, Annapolis JunctionArmed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, BethesdaEagan, McAllister Associates, Inc., Lexington ParkGEOMET Technologies, Inc., GermantownJackson and Tull, SeabrookJohns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, LaurelJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine, BaltimoreLagus Applied Technology, OlneyMultispectral Solutions, Inc., GermantownNaval Explosive Ordnance Disposal Technology Division, Indian HeadSyntonics, Ellicott CitySytex, Inc., Ellicott CityTechnology Assessment & Transfer, Inc., AnnapolisTechno-Sciences Inc., LanhamThe Windermere Group, LLC, AnnapolisU.S. Army, Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, Aberdeen Proving GroundU.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology, GaithersburgU.S. Navy, Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division, Patuxent RiverU.S. Navy, Naval Surface Warfare Center, CarderockVeritas, Inc., Rockville

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MASSACHUSETTS

American Science & Engineering, BillericaBBN Technologies, CambridgeCell Exchange, Inc., CambridgeCyTerra Corporation, WalthamFoster-Miller, Inc., WalthamGE Ion Track, WilmingtoniRobot Corporation, BurlingtonMassachusetts General Hospital, BostonMassachusetts Institute of Technology, CambridgeMassachusetts Institute of Technology, Lincoln Laboratory, LexingtonMillivision, Inc., South DeerfieldPulmatrix, Inc., CambridgeSenTech, Inc., StonehamSurmet Corp., BurlingtonTechnical Products, Inc., FraminghamThe Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc., CambridgeTIAX, LLC, CambridgeTufts University, MedfordU.S. Army, Natick RD&E Center, NatickU.S. Department of Transportation, Volpe National Transportation Systems Center, CambridgeUniversity of Massachusetts at AmherstViisage Technology, Inc., LittletonWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole

MICHIGAN

Michigan State University, East LansingPicometrix, Inc., Ann Arbor

MINNESOTA

Honeywell Laboratories, MinneapolisThe Mayo Clinic, RochesterUniversity of Minnesota at DuluthUniversity of Minnesota at Minneapolis

MISSISSIPPI

Mississippi State University at StarkvilleProVision Technologies, Stennis Space Center

MISSOURI

Clean Earth Technologies, LLC, Earth CityHanford Nuclear Services, Inc., West PlainsMidwest Research Institute, Kansas CityWashington University, St. Louis

MONTANA

Veridical Research and Design, Bozeman

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NEVADA

Remote Sensing Laboratory of Bechtel, Las VegasUniversity of Nevada at Las VegasVarian, Inc., Las Vegas

NEW HAMPSHIRE

BAE Systems (IEWS), NashuaDartmouth University, HanoverDTC Communications Inc., NashuaGlobal Manufacturing Company, PittsfieldImpact Science and Technology, Hollis

NEW JERSEY

Composecure, LLC, MountainsideFibreGuide, StirlingHi Temp Technology, Inc., FlemmingtonJeBen Photonics, Inc., DenvilleJP Laboratories, MiddlesexNew Jersey Institute of Technology, NewarkRutgers University, PiscatawaySarnoff Corporation, PrincetonStructured Materials Industries, PiscatawayU.S. Army Communications-Electronics Command, Fort Monmouth

NEW MEXICO

Applied Research Associates, Inc., AlbuquerqueIntellite, Inc., AlbuquerqueLos Alamos National Laboratory, Los AlamosMesoSystems Technology, Inc., AlbuquerqueNational Assessment Group, AlbuquerqueNew Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Energetic Materials Research and Testing Center, SocorroSandia National Laboratories, AlbuquerqueScience and Engineering Associates, Inc., Albuquerque

NEW YORK

Calspan-UB Research Center, Inc., BuffaloEsensors, Inc., AmherstGE Global Research, NiskayunaIBM, Watson Research Center, Yorktown HeightsNew York University, New YorkNorthrop Grumman Corporation, BuffaloNorthrop Grumman ISS, BethpagePortable Environments, LLC, IthacaRensselaer Polytechnic Institute, TroySensatex, Inc., New YorkSentigen Holding Corporation, New YorkState University of New York at BuffaloU.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, Rome

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NORTH CAROLINA

North Carolina State University, Textile Protection and Comfort Center, RaleighResearch Triangle Institute, Research Triangle ParkSignalscape, Inc., Raleigh

OHIO

Air Force Institute of Technology, Wright-Patterson Air Force BaseBattelle Memorial Institute, ColumbusKomar Industries, Inc., GroveportMTL Systems, Inc., DaytonNAIC, Wright-Patterson Air Force BaseNortheastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine, RootstownOhio University, Clippinger Laboratories, AthensTotal Fire Group/Morning Pride Manufacturing, DaytonUniversity of Dayton Research Institute, Dayton

OKLAHOMA

Nomadics, Inc., Stillwater

PENNSYLVANIA

Carnegie Mellon University, Data Storage Systems Center, PittsburghCarnegie Mellon University, Learning Systems Architecture Lab, PittsburghCDG Technology, BethlehemChemImage, PittsburghConcurrent Technologies Corporation, JohnstownDrexel University, Data Fusion Laboratory, PhiladelphiaDRS Laurel Technologies, JohnstownHigh Performance Materials Group, LLC, BoothwynNational Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory, PittsburghOptical Systems Technology, Inc., FreeportPennsylvania State University, University ParkSaint Joseph’s University, Early Responders Distance Learning Center, PhiladelphiaUniversity of Pittsburgh

RHODE ISLAND

University of Rhode Island at Kingston

TENNESSEE

Atmospheric Glow Technologies, KnoxvilleBWXT Y-12, Oak RidgeOak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak RidgeRemotec, Inc., Oak RidgeTurtle Mountain Communications, Inc., Maryville

TEXAS

Applied Research Associates, Inc., San AntonioAptaMed, Inc., GalvestonBAE Systems, AustinInternational Personnel Protection, AustinLitton Systems, Inc., EOS Division, Garland

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Lynntech, Inc., College StationRaytheon–Advanced Systems, PlanoSouthwest Research Institute, San AntonioUniversity of HoustonUniversity of Texas at AustinUniversity of Texas at Dallas, Richardson

UTAH

AccessData Corporation, ProvoBattelle Memorial Institute, DugwayIsoForensics, Inc., Salt Lake CityUniversity of Utah, Salt Lake CityUtah State University, Logan

VIRGINIA

ANSER, ArlingtonApplied Marine Technology, Inc., Virginia BeachAvir, LLC, CharlottesvilleBattelle Memorial Institute, ArlingtonDCS Corporation, AlexandriaDefense Group, Inc., AlexandriaDTI Associates, Inc., ArlingtonDynamic Animation Systems, FairfaxFairfax Fire Department, FairfaxGeneral Dynamics Advanced Information Systems, CharlottesvilleGeneral Dynamics Network Systems, ArlingtonGeneral Testing Laboratories, Colonial BeachHomeland Water Security Technologies, Inc., ArlingtonInnovative Technology Application, Inc., SpringfieldInstitute for Physical Sciences, McLeanIntelligence Data Systems, RestonInternational Association of Firechiefs, FairfaxK&M Environmental, Inc., Virginia BeachOld Dominion University, NorfolkQinetiQ, Inc., ArlingtonRASco, Inc., WoodbridgeScience Applications International Corporation, McLeanSET Associates, ArlingtonSparta, Inc., ArlingtonSystem Planning Corporation, ArlingtonThe Analysis Corporation, FairfaxThe Institute for Applied Science, RestonTitan Corporation, RestonU.S. Naval Surface Warfare Center, DahlgrenUniversity of Virginia, CharlottesvilleVertex Solutions, Falls Church

WASHINGTON

Advanced Interactive Systems, Inc., SeattleCascade Designs, Inc., SeattleIsotron Corporation, Seattle

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MesoSystems Technology, Inc., KennewickPacific Northwest National Laboratory, RichlandWashington State University at Pullman

WEST VIRGINIA

MD BioTech, MorgantownWest Virginia High Technology Consortium Foundation, FairmontWest Virginia University, Morgantown

WISCONSIN

Kohler, Inc., Kohler

WYOMING

Aristatek, Inc., Laramie

InternationalAUSTRALIA

QR Sciences, Ltd., Perth, Western Australia

CANADA

Bosik, Ottawa, OntarioBritish Columbia Institute of Technology, Burnaby, British ColumbiaDefence Research and Development Canada, Valcartier, QuebecDefence Research Establishment, SuffieldEOD Performance, Inc., Ottawa, OntarioINFOSAT Telecommunication, Montreal, QuebecMed-Eng Systems, Inc., Ottawa, OntarioNatural Resources Canada, Canadian Explosives Research Laboratory, Ottawa, Ontario

FRANCE

University of Rennes, Brittany

ISRAEL

Atlas Researches, Ltd., Hod HasharonIsrael Institute for Biological ResearchIsrael Police National HQ, JerusalemMinistry of Defense, Tel AvivNational Information Security Agency, Tel Aviv

UNITED KINGDOM

Defence Science and Technology Laboratories, Fort Halstead, KentForensic Science Service, Birmingham, West MidlandsForensic Science Service, LondonHazard Management Solutions, Ltd., Faringdon, OxfordshireHome Office, Police Scientific Development Branch, Sandridge, HertfordshireQinetiQ, Ltd., Farnborough, HampshireQinetiQ, Ltd., Malvern, WorcestershireThe University of Sheffield, Department of Forensic Pathology, Sheffield, South YorkshireTRL Technology, Ltd., Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire

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AACC Air Combat CommandADL Advanced Distributed LearningAFIP Armed Forces Institute of PathologyAFRL Air Force Research LabAGA American Gas AssociationAGT Atmospheric Glow TechnologiesALON Aluminum-OxynitrideAMRIID Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious DiseasesAMU Atomic Mass UnitANSI American National Standards InstituteAPD Atmospheric Plasma DecontaminationAPHIS Animal and Plant Health Inspection ServiceAPV Armored Passenger VehicleARIS Advanced Radioisotope Identification SystemARS Agricultural Research ServiceASD (SO/LIC) Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations

and Low-Intensity ConflictATF Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives

BBAA Broad Agency AnnouncementBAMS Bio-Aerosol Mass SpectrometryBATS Bomb and Arson Tracking SystemBIDS BAA Information Delivery SystemBTS Border and Transportation Security

CC4ISR Command, Control, Communications, Computers,

Intelligence, Surveillance, and ReconnaissanceCATS Consequence Assessment Tool SetCB Chemical and/or BiologicalCBIRF Chemical Biological Incident Response ForceCBP Customs and Border ProtectionCBR Chemical, Biological, and RadiologicalCBRN Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and NuclearCBRNC Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear CountermeasuresCBRNE Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and ExplosiveCDC Centers for Disease Control and PreventionCE U.S. Army Corps of EngineersCENTCOM U.S. Central CommandCID Criminal Investigation Command (U.S. Army)CID Criminal Investigation Division (EPA)CIP Critical Infrastructure ProtectionCJTF Combined Joint Task ForceCMLS Chemical SchoolCoBRA Chemical Biological Response AideCTTS Combating Terrorism Technology SupportCTTSO Combating Terrorism Technology Support Office

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DDARPA Defense Advanced Research Projects AgencyDCFL Defense Computer Forensics LaboratoryDEA Drug Enforcement AdministrationDHS Department of Homeland SecurityDIA Defense Intelligence AgencyDiCAST Distributed Chemical Agent Sensing and TransmissionDoD Department of DefenseDoDPI Department of Defense Polygraph InstituteDOE Department of EnergyDOS Department of StateDPS Defense Protective ServiceDS Bureau of Diplomatic SecurityDTRA Defense Threat Reduction Agency

EECBC Edgewood Chemical Biological CenterED Explosives DetectionEDS Electrostatic Decontamination SystemEOD Explosive Ordnance DisposalEPA Environmental Protection AgencyEPR Emergency Preparedness and ResponseESC Electronic Systems CenterEUCOM European Command

FFAA Federal Aviation AdministrationFAMS Federal Air Marshal ServiceFBI Federal Bureau of InvestigationFBOP Federal Bureau of PrisonsFDA Food and Drug AdministrationFDL Forensic Document LaboratoryFEMA Federal Emergency Management AgencyFLETC Federal Law Enforcement Training CenterFORSCOM Forces CommandFPBL Force Protection Battle LabFPS Federal Protective ServiceFRA Federal Railroad AdministrationFRAT First Responder Automated Data ToolFS Forest ServiceFSIS Food Safety and Inspection ServiceFTA Federal Transit AuthorityFY Fiscal Year

GGPS Global Positioning SystemGWOT Global War on Terrorism

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HHAZUS Natural Hazard Loss Estimation MethodologyHHS High Hard SteelHMMWV High-Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled VehicleHRT Hostage Rescue TeamHSARPA Homeland Security Advanced Research Projects AgencyHUMINT Human Intelligence

IIAB InterAgency Board for Equipment Standardization

and InterOperabilityIAIP Information Analysis and Infrastructure ProtectionIC Intelligence CommunityICPO International Criminal Police OrganizationICWater Incident Commanders Water Modeling ToolIDD Improvised Device DefeatIED Improvised Explosive DeviceIG/T Interdepartmental Working Group on TerrorismIP Infrastructure ProtectionISF Investigative Support and ForensicsIWG/CT Interagency Working Group on Counterterrorism

JJCS Joint Chiefs of StaffJFCOM Joint Forces CommandJPO-STC Joint Program Office-Special Technology Countermeasures

LLDV Laser Doppler VibrometryLEO Law Enforcement Online

MM&LS Maritime and Land SecurityMANSCEN Maneuver Support CenterMASINT Measurement and Signature Intelligence

NNATO North Atlantic Treaty OrganizationNAVCENT Naval Forces Central CommandNAVEODTECHDIV Naval Explosive Ordnance Disposal Technology DivisionNAWC Naval Air Warfare CenterNCFS National Center for Forensic ScienceNCIS Naval Criminal Investigative ServiceNEIC National Enforcement Investigations CenterNFPA National Fire Protection AssociationNFSTC National Forensic Science Technology CenterNGB National Guard BureauNGIC National Ground Intelligence CenterNHTSA National Highway Traffic Safety AdministrationNIJ National Institute of JusticeNIOSH National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

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NIPC National Infrastructure Protection CenterNIST National Institute of Standards and TechnologyNNSA National Nuclear Security AdministrationNRL Naval Research LaboratoryNRO National Reconnaissance OfficeNSA National Security AgencyNSWC Naval Surface Warfare Center

OOATSD/CBD Office of the Assistant to the Secretary of Defense for

Chemical and Biological DefenseOBO Overseas Building OperationsODP Office for Domestic PreparednessOEA Office of Energy AssuranceOIF Operation Iraqi FreedomOIS Office of Information ServicesOJP Office of Justice ProgramsOLES Office of Law Enforcement StandardsOS Office of SecurityOSI Office of Special InvestigationsOUSD/AT&L Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition,

Technology,and LogisticsOUSD/PR Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel

and Readiness

PPAN Percussion Actuated Non-electricPDA Personal Digital AssistantPFPA Pentagon Force Protection AgencyPNNL Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryPPE Personal Protective EquipmentPS Physical SecurityPSG Personnel Screening Guide

QQR Quadrupole Resonance

RR&D Research and DevelopmentRD&E Research, Development, and EngineeringRFD Remote Firing DeviceRHA Rolled Homogeneous ArmorRIG Railcar Inspection GuideRNA Ribonucleic AcidRTR Real-Time Radiographic

SS/CT Department of State, Office of the Coordinator for CounterterrorismS&T Science and TechnologySAA Sergeant at ArmsSBCCOM Soldier and Biological Chemical Command

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SCADA Supervisory Control and Data AcquisitionSCCU Stand-Off Connectivity Control UnitSCOS Surveillance, Collection, and Operations SupportSG Surgeon GeneralSO/LIC Special Operations and Low-Intensity ConflictSOCOM Special Operations CommandSOP Standard Operating ProcedureSSD Special Services DivisionSWC Special Warfare CenterSWIG Small Watercraft Inspection GuideSWIP Sensor Web for Infrastructure Protection

TTACOM Tank-Automotive and Armaments CommandTB TuberculosisTEU Technical Escort UnitTOS Tactical Operations SupportTSA Transportation Security AdministrationTSD Technical Security DivisionTSP Training Support PackageTSWG Technical Support Working GroupTTD Training Technology DevelopmentTTFD Tactical Timed Firing DeviceTTL Tagging, Tracking, and Locating

UUSA United States ArmyUSAF United States Air ForceUSAR United States Army ReserveUSCG United States Coast GuardUSFA United States Fire AdministrationUSMC United States Marine CorpsUSMS United States Marshals ServiceUSN United States NavyUSNAVEUR United States Naval Forces EuropeUSPIS United States Postal Inspection ServiceUSSS United States Secret Service

VVBIED Vehicle-Borne Improvised Explosive DeviceVIC Vehicle Inspection ChecklistVIP Very Important PersonVIPS Vessel Identification and Positioning SystemVPAT Virus Propagation Analysis ToolVSP Visual Sample Plan

WWMD Weapon of Mass Destruction

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Combating Terrorism Technology Support Office

2004 TSWG REVIEW TSWG... · 2018. 12. 4. · the conventional and improvised explosives that...

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Transcript of 2004 TSWG REVIEW TSWG... · 2018. 12. 4. · the conventional and improvised explosives that...