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Most Common's in medical science

1 Tumor arising from bone in adults Multiple MyelomaAdrenal Medullary Tumor Adults PheochromocytomaAdrenal Medullary Tumor Children Neuroblastoma

Bacterial Meningitis adults Neisseria meningitidis Bacterial Meningitis elderly Strep pneumoniae Bacterial Meningitis newborns E. coli Bacterial Meningitis toddlers HibBone Tumors Metasteses from Breast & ProstateBrain Tumor Child Medulloblastoma (cerebellum)Brain Tumor Adult Astrocytoma (including Glioblastoma Multiforme)

then: mets, meningioma, SchwannomaBreast Carcinoma Invasive Duct CarcinomaBreast Mass Fibrocystic Change (Carcinoma is the most common

is post-menopausal women)Bug in Acute Endocarditis Staph aureus Bug in debilitated, hospitalizedpneumonia pt

Klebsiella

Bug in Epiglottitis HibBug in GI Tract Bacteroides (2 nd E. coli)Bug in IV drug user bacteremia /pneumonia

Staph aureus

Bug in PID N. GonnorrhoeaeBug in Subacute Endocarditis Strep Viridans Cardiac 1 Tumor Adults Myxoma Ball Valve

Cardiac 1

Tumor Child

RhabdomyomaCardiac Tumor Adults MetastesesCardiomyopathy Dilated (Congestive) CardiomyopathyCause of 2 HTN Renal DiseaseCause of Addisons Autoimmune (2nd infection)Cause of Congenital AdrenalHyperplasia

21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (then, 11-)

Cause of Cushings Exogenous Steroid Therapy (then, 1 ACTH,Adrenal Adenoma, Ectopic ACTH)

Cause of death in Alzheimer pts PneumoniaCause of death in Diabetics MICause of Death in SLE pts. Lupus Nephropathy Type IV (Diffuse Proliferative)Cause of Dementia AlzheimersCause of Dementia (2 nd mostcommon)

Multi-Infarct Dementia

Cause of food poisoning Staph aureus Cause of mental retardation DownsCause of mental retardation (2 nd mostcommon)

Fragile X

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Cause of preventable blindness ChlamydiaCause of Pulmonary HTN COPDCause of SIADH Small Cell Carcinoma of the LungChromosomal disorder DownsCongenital cardiac anomaly VSD (membranous > muscular)

Congenital early cyanosis Tetralogy of FallotCoronary Artery thrombosis LADDemyelinating Disease Multiple SclerosisDietary Deficiency IronDisseminated opportunistic infectionin AIDS

CMV (Pneumocystis carinii is most common overall)

Esophageal cancer SCCAFatal genetic defect in Caucasians Cystic FibrosisFemale Tumor LeimyomaForm of Amyloidosis Immunologic (Bence Jones protein in multiple

myeloma is also called the Amyloid Light Chain)Form of Tularemia UlceroglandularGynecologic malignancy Endometrial CarcinomaHeart Murmur Mitral Valve ProlapseHeart Valve in bacterial endocarditis MitralHeart Valve in bacterial endocarditisin IV drug users

Tricuspid

Heart Valve involved in RheumaticFever

Mitral then Aortic

Hereditary Bleeding Disorder Von Willebrands DiseaseLiver 1 Tumor Hepatoma

Liver Disease

Alcoholic Liver DiseaseLocation of Adult brain tumors Above TentoriumLocation of Childhood brain tumors Below TentoriumLysosomal Storage Disease GauchersMotor Neuron Disease ALSNeoplasm Child LeukemiaNeoplasm Child (2nd most common) Medulloblastoma of brain (cerebellum)Nephrotic Syndrome Membranous GlomerulonephritisOpportunistic infection in AIDS PCPOvarian Malignancy Serous CystadenomaOvarian Tumor HamartomaPancreatic Tumor Adeno (usually in the head)Patient with ALL / CLL / AML / CML ALL - Child / CLL - Adult over 60 / AML - Adult

over 60 / CML - Adult 35-50Patient with Goodpastures Young malePatient with Reiters MalePituitary Tumor Prolactinoma (2 nd Somatotropic Acidophilic

Adenoma)Primary Hyperparathyroidism Adenomas (followed by: hyperplasia, then

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carcinoma)Pt. With Hodgkins Young Male (except Nodular Sclerosis type

Female)Pt. With Minimal Change Disease Young ChildSecondary Hyperparathyroidism Hypocalcemia of Chronic Renal Failure

Sexually transmitted disease ChlamydiaSite of Diverticula Sigmoid ColonSite of metastasis Regional Lymph NodesSite of metastasis (2 nd mostcommon)

Liver

Sites of atherosclerosis Abdominal aorta > coronary > popliteal > carotidSkin Cancer Basal Cell CarcinomaStomach cancer AdenoTesticular Tumor SeminomaThyroid Cancer Papillary CarcinomaTracheoesophageal Fistula Lower esophagus joins trachea / upper esophagus

blind pouchTumor of Infancy HemangiomaType of Hodkins Mixed Cellularity (versus: lymphocytic

predominance, lymphocytic depletion, nodularsclerosis)

Type of Non-Hodgkins Follicular, small cleavedVasculitis (of medium & smallarteries)

Temporal Arteritis

Viral Encephalitis HSV