Upper limb anatomy

Winners make rules, and

losers follow it…

Breast anatomy

Extent of the breast

2nd rib

6th rib

4th rib

Pectoralis major m.&

fascia

The breast lies over

Serratus anterior m.

External oblique m.

Rectus sheath

Clavicular head of pectoralis major m.

Sternocostalhead of

Pectoralis major m.

Insertion of pectoralis major m.

Origin of serratus anterior m.

Inserted along the inner aspect of

medial lib of scapula

Architecture of the breast

Lobe of mammary gland(breast fat)

Suspensory lig. of breast

Lobe of mammary gland

Suspensory lig. of breast

Blood supply of the breast

Internal mammary artery

Medial perforators)artery, vein, nerve & lymph(

Axillary a.

Lateral thoracic a.

Aorta

3rd intercostal a.

Intercostal arteries

Accessory hemiazygos v.

Intercostal v.

Hemiazygos v.Azygos v.

Azygos v.

S.V.C

Sympatheticchain

Lymph drainage of the breast

Pectoral node I

Pectoral node III

Interpectoral L.N of Rotor

Pectoral node II

Pectoral node I

Pectoral node III

Axilla

What is axilla?Medial side of the arm

Lateral side of chest wall

Anterior wall of axilla

Pectoralis major m.

Pectoralis minor m . &fascia

Suspensory lig. of axilla

Clavipectoral fascia

Subclavius m. & fascia

Posterior & medial wall of axilla

Subscapularis m.

Teres major m.

Serratus anterior m.(medial wall)

Posterior wall

Lateral wall of axilla

Coracobrachialis m.

Short head of biceps brachii m.

Apex

Neurovascular bundle

Clavicle

1st ribAcromion

Contents of axilla

Axillary artery

Axillary vein

Brachial plexus

Lymphatics

Triangular & quadrangular spaces

Subscapularis

Hum

erus

Teres major

Long

hea

d of

trice

ps

Posterior cord of brachial plexus

Axillary nerve

Radial nerve

Nerve to long head of triceps

Nerve to latissimus dorsi

Long thoracic nerve

Cubital fossa(borders)

Imaginary line at the lower border of brachii muscle

Brachioradialis muscle)Laterally(

Pronator teres m.)Medially(

Floor of cubital fossa

Brachialis muscle

Supinator m.

Content of cubital fossa

Median nerve

Brachial artery

Radial nerve

Anatomical snuff box

Adductor pollicis longus m.

Extensor pollicis brevis m.

Extensor pollicis longus m.)Medially(

Laterally

Floor of snuff box

Extensor carpi radialis brevis m.

Extensor carpi radialis longus m.

Content of snuff box

Radial artery

Extensor retinaculum

Extensor retinaculum of wrist

Adductor pollicis longus m.

Extensor pollicis brevis m.1st

Comp.

Extensor carpi radialis brevis m.Extensor carpi radialis longus m.

2nd Comp.

Extensor pollicis longus m. (3rd comp.)

Extensor digitorum m.

Extensor indicis m.4th

Comp.

Muscles of upper limb(Shoulder Region)

Origin of clavicular head of pectoralis major m.From the medial ½ of front of clavicle

Origin of sternocostal head ofPectoralis major m. from anterior Surface of sternum upper 6 c.c.

Insertion of pectoralis major m.In the lateral lip of

bicipital groove of humerus

Nerve supplyMed. & lat. Pectoral nerves

Origin of Pectoralis minor m. from 3rd, 4th &5th ribs.

Insertion of pectoralis minor m.In the coracoid process

Nerve supplyMedial pectoral n.

Origin of subclavius m. from 1st costochondral junction.

Insertion of subclavius m.In the lower surface of the

Middle ½ of the clavicle.

Origin of serratus anterior m.By 8 digitations from upper ribs

Inserted of serratus anterior m.along the inner aspect of medial lib of scapula

Origin of trapezius m. 1. Superior nuchal line.2. External occiptal protuberance.3. Ligamentum nuchae.4. C7 spine & spines of all

thoracic vertebrae.

Insertion of trapezius m.In the lateral 1/3 of the

Clavicle & in the acromion.

Origin of latissimus dorsi m.

Lower 6 thoracic spines.

Lumber fascia.

Iliac crest.

Inferior angle of scapula

Lower 8 ribs

Insertion of latissimus dorsi m. in the floor of bicipital groove

of humerus

Insertion of teres major m. in the

medial lip of bicipital groove

Insertion of pectoralis major m. in the lateral lip of bicipital groove

Insertion of latissimus dorsi m. in the floor of

bicipital groove

Origin of the levator scapulae m. from transverse process of the

upper 4 cervical vertebrae

Insertion of the levator scapulae m. in medial border of scapula from superior angle to root of

spine.

Origin of the levator scapulae m. from transverse process of the

upper 4 cervical vertebrae

Insertion of the levator scapulae m. in medial border of scapula from superior angle to root of

spine.

Origin of rhomboid minor m. from C7 & T1 spines.

Insertion of rhomboid minor m. in medial border of the scapula opposite to root of

spine.

Origin of rhomboid major m. from T2,3,4 & 5

spines

Insertion of rhomboid major m. in medial

border of the scapula; from root of the spine

till inferior angle

Origin of supraspinatus m. from supraspinous fossa.

Insertion of supraspinatus m. in upper impression of greater

tubercle of the humerus

Insertion of supraspinatus m. in upper impression of greater

tubercle of the humerus

Origin of infraspinatus m. from Infraspinous fossa

Insertion of infraspinatus m. in middle impression of the

greater tubercle

Insertion of infraspinatus m. in middle impression of the

greater tubercle

Origin of teres minor m. from upper ⅔ of the lateral border of

the scapula (dorsal)

Insertion of teres minor m. in lower impression of the

greater tubercle

Insertion of teres minor m. in lower impression of the

greater tubercle

Origin of teres major m. from upper 1/3 of lat

border of scapula (dorsal)

Insertion of teres major m. in medial lip of the bicipital

groove

Insertion of teres major m. in the

medial lip of bicipital groove

Origin of subscapularis m. from subscapular

fossa

Insertion of subscapularis m. in lesser tubercle of the humerus

Origin of deltoid m. from lateral ⅓ of the clavicle

Lateral border of acromion

Crest of the scapular spine

Insertion of deltoid m. in the deltoid tuberosity of

the humerus

Muscles of the Arm The Front of the Arm

Origin of coracobrachialis m. from tip of coracoid process.

Insertion of coracobrachialis m. in middle of the shaft of humerus medially.

Insertion of coracobrachialis m. in middle of the shaft of humerus medially.

Origin of short head of biceps brachii m. from

tip of coracoid process

Insertion of biceps brachii m. in bicipital

aponeurosis

Origin of long head of biceps brachii m. from supraglenoid tubercle

Infraglenoid tubercle

Insertion of biceps brachii m. in radial tuberosity

Origin of brachialis m. from front of lower ½ of

humerus

Insertion of brachialis m. in front of ulna

The back of arm

Origin of long head of triceps m. from infra-glenoid tubercle

Origin of lateral head of triceps m. from back of humerus (spiral groove)

Insertion of triceps m. in Top of the olecranon

process of ulna

supraglenoid tubercle

Insertion of long head of triceps m. in infraglenoid

tubercle

Origin of the medial head of triceps m. from back of humerus (spiral

groove)

Muscles of the hand

Abductor pollicis brevis m.

Flexor pollicis brevis m.

Abductor digiti minimi m.

Flexer digiti minimi brevis m.

Opponens digiti minimi m.

Opponens pollicis m.

Digital branches of median nerveSupplies lateral 3 ½ fingers.

Digital branches of ulnar nerveSupplies medial 1 ½ fingers.

Radial bursa

Ulnar bursa

3 separate synovial sheaths

Tendon of flexor digitorum superficialis m.

Tendon of flexor digitorum profundus m.

Lumbrical ms.

Oblique head of adductor pollicis m.

Transverse head of adductor pollicis m.

Palmar interosseous ms. Supplied by deepBranch of ulner n .